Tactical data link: Difference between revisions

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A tactical data link (TDL) uses a data link standard in order to provide communication via radio waves or cable used by NATO nations. All military C3 systems use standardized TDL to transmit, relay and receive tactical data.

Multi-TDL network (MTN) refers to the network of similar and dissimilar TDLs integrated through gateways, translators, and correlators to bring the common tactical picture and/or common operational picture together.

Change of terminology

The term tactical digital information link (TADIL) was made obsolete (per DISA guidance) and is now more commonly seen as tactical data link (TDL).

Tactical data link character

TDLs are characterized by their standard message and transmission formats. This is usually written as <Message Format>/<Transmission Format>.

TDL standards in NATO

In NATO, tactical data link standards are being developed by the Data Link Working Group (DLWG) of the Information Systems Sub-Committee (ISSC) in line with the appropriate STANAG.

Synopsis of TDL links

In NATO, there exist tactical data link standards as follows:

Link No	STANAG	Working Title	Final title / description	Communi- cation	Gene- ration	Kommentare
1	5501	NATO data link between Air Defence Main Control Centres	Link 1 – Tactical Data Exchange for Air Defence	Point-to-point	1st S–Series	Ground Link between NADGE entities limited and not secure
2		Radar to Control Centre Data Link			1st	Cancelled (includes in Link 1)
3		Control Centre to higher HQ Data Links	SHOC Early Warning System	Point-to-point	1st	Slow Speed Warning Link from evaluation centres to SHAPE
4	5504	Ground to Air Data Link	Link 4 – TDL for the Control of Military aircraft	Point-to-point	1st C/R–Series	Compatible to US TADIL–C to be operated in NATO UHF (225–400 MHz) RF band
5		Fast HF Automatic Link	Broadcast		1st	Cancelled (see Link 11)
6	5506 (Draft)	Missile Base to Control Centre Link	Link 6 – (NADGE Link) SAM Automatic Data Link	Point-to-point	1st	Draft STANAG (US MBDL, ATDL–1, PADIL)
7	5507 (Draft)	ATC / Defence Link	Link 7 – TDL for ATC	Point-to-point	1st
8		HF Automatic Link		Broadcast	1st	Cancelled (see Link 1)
9		SOC / Airbase Link			1st
10	5510	Ship – Ship Link	Link 10 – Maritime Tactical Data Exchange	Broadcast	2nd M–Series	STANAG cancelled (was used by BE, NL and UK)
11	5511	Fast HF Automatic Link	Link 11 – Maritime Tactical Data Exchange	Broadcast	2nd M–Series	Compatible to US TADIL–A to be operated in the HF & NATO UHF RF bands
11B	5511 (Vol. II)		Link 11B – Tactical Data Exchange	Point-to-point	2nd M–Series	Compatible to the US TADIL–B Ground to Ground TDL
12		Fast HF Automatic Link				Cancelled (see Link 11)
13		HF Automatic Link		Broadcast		Cancelled (see Link 11)
14	5514	Slow Semi–Automatic Link	Link 14 – Maritime TDL	Broadcast	1st D/M/S/E–Series	Ship–Ship & Ship–Shore (only few applications)
15		Slow Semi–Automatic Link				Ship–Ship, Cancelled
16	5516	High Capacity, ECM Resistant, Multifunctional, TDMA Link	Link 16 – ECM Resistant Tactical Data Exchange	Broadcast	3rd J–Series	Compatible to US TADIL–J (STANAG 4175 – Technical Characteristics of MIDS)
21	5521 (Draft)	Link in support of ACCS – (LISA)		Point-to-point	3rd J–Series	Under development (planned to replace Link 1 and Link 11B)
22	5522 (Draft)	NATO Improved Link 11 – (NILE)	Link 22		3rd J–Series	Under development (planned to replace Link 11)
	5601	Standard for Interface of Data Links 1, 11, 11B, and 14 through a buffer				see AdalP 12
	5602	Standard Interface for Multiple Platform Link Evaluation (SIMPLE)				Enables transmission of J-Series (TADIL-J) messages over IP-based protocols
MIL-STD-6020	5616	Standard for data forwarding between tactical data systems employing Links 11/11B and tactical data systems employing Link 16	MIL-STD-6020, DoD Interoperability Standard: Data Forwarding between TDLs
IJMS		ECM Resistant Communication System (ERCS)	IJMS – Interim JTIDS/MIDS Message Specification	Broadcast	2nd, M–Series	Interim Data Link Standard to be replaced by Link 16
SADL		Situational Awareness Data Link	SADL – Situational Awareness Data Link	Broadcast	1st, K-Series 2nd, K/J–Series	Data link adopted from EPLRS to provide A-10s and F-16s data link capability air-to-ground and air-to-air

External links

Federation of American Scientists TDL information page
This article was originally based on public domain text from Army Airspace Command and Control in a Combat Zone, Headquarters, Department of the Army, publication FM 3-52 (FM 100-103), August 2002

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
+{{Short description|Military  data link standard}}
+{{Multiple issues|
+{{No footnotes|date=May 2021}}
+{{Globalize|1=article|2=NATO countries|date=September 2021}}
+}}
+[[File:US Navy 040614-N-7952W-001 Information Systems Technician 1st Class Thomas Dull, left, Lt. Stella Nealy, center, and Information Systems Technician 2nd Class Eduardo Pallanes study a computer monitor at Naval Network and Space.jpg|thumb|250px|IT technicians study TDL data on a computer terminal (US Naval Network and Space Operations Command) in a June 2004 image]]
+A '''tactical data link''' ('''TDL''') uses a [[data link]] standard in order to provide communication via [[radio waves]] or [[Electrical cable|cable]] used by [[NATO]] nations. All military [[Command, control, and communications|C3 systems]] use standardized TDL to transmit, relay and receive [[military tactics|tactical]] data.
-[[File:US Navy 040614-N-7952W-001 Information Systems Technician 1st Class Thomas Dull, left, Lt. Stella Nealy, center, and Information Systems Technician 2nd Class Eduardo Pallanes study a computer monitor at Naval Network and Space .jpg|thumb|250px|IT technicians study TDL data on a computer terminal <small>(US Naval Network and Space Operations Command)</small>]]
+'''Multi-TDL network''' ('''MTN''') refers to the network of similar and dissimilar TDLs integrated through gateways, translators, and correlators to bring the common tactical picture and/or common operational picture together.
-== Definition ==
-A '''Tactical Data Link''' ('''TDL''') uses a [[data link]] standard in order to provide communication via [[radio waves]] or [[cable]] used by the [[Military of the United States|U.S. armed forces]] and [[NATO]] nations. All military [[Command, control, and communications|C3 systems]] use standardized TDL to transmit, relay and receive tactical data.
+== Change of terminology ==
+The term ''tactical digital information link (TADIL)'' was made obsolete (per [[Defense Information Systems Agency|DISA]] guidance) and is now more commonly seen as ''tactical data link (TDL)''.
-'''Multi-TDL Network''' ('''MTN''') refers to the network of similar and dissimilar TDLs integrated through gateways, translators, and correlators to bring the air, land, and sea common tactical picture and/or common operational picture together.
-=== Change of terminology ===
+== Tactical data link character ==
-The term ''Tactical Digital Information Link (TADIL)'' was obsolete (per DISA guidance) and is now more commonly seen as ''Tactical Data Link (TDL)''.
+TDLs are characterized by their standard message and transmission formats.  This is usually written as &lt;Message Format&gt;/&lt;Transmission Format&gt;.
-=== Tactical data link character ===
-TDLs are characterized by their standard message and transmission formats.  This is usually written as <Message Format>/<Transmission Format>.
 == TDL standards in NATO ==
-In NATO Tactical Data Link Standards are being developed by the ''Data Link Working Group (DLWG)'' of the ''Information Systems Sub-Committee (ISSC)'' in line with the appropriate [[STANAG]].
+In NATO, tactical data link standards are being developed by the ''Data Link Working Group (DLWG)'' of the ''Information Systems Sub-Committee (ISSC)'' in line with the appropriate [[STANAG]].
 == Synopsis of TDL links ==
-In NATO, there exist Tactical Data Link standards as follows:
+In NATO, there exist tactical data link standards as follows:
 {| class="wikitable"
 |-
 ! Link <br /> No !! STANAG !! Working Title !! Final title / description !! Communi- <br />cation !! Gene-<br />ration !! Comments
@@ Line 29: / Line 32: @@
 || NATO data link between <br /> Air Defence Main Control Centres
 || [[Link 1]] – <br /> Tactical Data Exchange for Air Defence
-|| Point to Point
+|| Point-to-point
 || 1st <br />S–Series
 || Ground Link between [[NADGE]] entities limited and not secure
 |-
 || 2
@@ Line 45: / Line 48: @@
 || Control Centre to higher HQ Data Links
 || SHOC Early Warning System
-|| Point to Point
+|| Point-to-point
 || 1st
 || Slow Speed Warning Link from evaluation centres to [[Supreme Headquarters Allied Powers Europe|SHAPE]]
 |-
 || 4
@@ Line 53: / Line 56: @@
 || Ground to Air Data Link
 || [[Link 4]] – <br />TDL for the Control of [[Military aircraft]]
-|| Point to Point
+|| Point-to-point
-||  1st  <br /> C/R–Series
+|| 1st  <br /> C/R–Series
 || Compatible to US TADIL–C to be operated in NATO [[Ultra high frequency|UHF]]  (225–400 [[MHz]]) [[Radio frequency|RF]] band
 |-
@@ Line 69: / Line 72: @@
 || Missile Base to Control Centre Link
 || Link 6 – <br /> (NADGE Link) SAM Automatic Data Link
-|| Point to Point
+|| Point-to-point
 || 1st
 || Draft STANAG (US MBDL, ATDL–1, PADIL)
@@ Line 75: / Line 78: @@
 || 7
 || 5507 <br /> (Draft)
-|| [[ATC]]{{dn|date=November 2011}} / Defence Link
+|| [[Air traffic control|ATC]] / Defence Link
 || Link 7 – <br />TDL for ATC
-|| Point to Point
+|| Point-to-point
 || 1st
 ||
@@ Line 103: / Line 106: @@
 || Broadcast
 || 2nd <br /> M–Series
 || STANAG cancelled (was used by BE, NL and UK)
 |-
 || 11
@@ Line 117: / Line 120: @@
 ||
 || Link 11B – <br /> Tactical Data Exchange
-|| Point to Point
+|| Point-to-point
 || 2nd <br /> M–Series
 || Compatible to the US TADIL–B Ground to Ground TDL
@@ Line 151: / Line 154: @@
 ||
 ||
 || Ship–Ship, Cancelled
 |-
 || 16
@@ Line 163: / Line 166: @@
 || 21
 || 5521 <br /> (Draft)
-|| Link in support of [[ACCS]] – (LISA)
+|| Link in support of [[Air Command and Control System|ACCS]] – (LISA)
 ||
-|| Point to Point
+|| Point-to-point
 || 3rd <br /> J–Series
 || Under development (planned to replace Link 1 and Link 11B)
@@ Line 179: / Line 182: @@
 ||
 || 5601
-|| Standard for [[Interface (computing)|Interface]] of Data Links 1, 11, 11B, and 14 trough a [[Data buffer|buffer]]
+|| Standard for [[Interface (computing)|Interface]] of Data Links 1, 11, 11B, and 14 through a [[Data buffer|buffer]]
 ||
 ||
@@ Line 187: / Line 190: @@
 ||
 || 5602
-|| Standard Interface for Multiple Platform Link Evaluation
+|| [[SIMPLE (military communications protocol)|Standard Interface for Multiple Platform Link Evaluation (SIMPLE)]]
 ||
 ||
 ||
+|| Enables transmission of J-Series (TADIL-J) messages over [[Internet Protocol|IP]]-based protocols
-||
 |-
 || MIL-STD-6020
@@ Line 215: / Line 218: @@
 || Broadcast
 || 1st, K-Series <br /> 2nd, K/J–Series
-|| Data link adopted from [[Enhanced_Position_Location_Reporting_System|EPLRS]] to provide A-10s and F-16s data link capability air-to-ground and air-to-air
+|| Data link adopted from [[Enhanced Position Location Reporting System|EPLRS]] to provide A-10s and F-16s data link capability air-to-ground and air-to-air
 |}
-==See also==
+== See also ==
+* [[Battlefield Airborne Communications Node (BACN)|BACN]]
+* [[Global Information Grid]]
+* [[F-22 cockpit|Inter/Intra Flight Data Link (IFDL)]]
 * [[JREAP]]
+* [[MANDRIL]]
-* [[Battlefield_Airborne_Communications_Node_(BACN)|BACN]]
 * [[Multifunction Advanced Data Link]]
+* [[Network emulation]] for simulation / emulation of tactical data links
+* [[STANAG 5602|SIMPLE]]
 * [[Tactical Common Data Link]]
-* [[F-22 cockpit|Inter/Intra Flight Data Link (IFDL)]]
-* [[ISMART]]
 ==External links ==
 * Federation of American Scientists [http://www.fas.org/irp/program/disseminate/tadil.htm TDL information page]
-* This article was originally based on public domain text from [http://permanent.access.gpo.gov/lps24911/FM%203-52%2020020801.pdf Army Airspace Command and Control in a Combat Zone], Headquarters, Department of the Army, publication FM 3-52 (FM 100-103), August 2002
+* This article was originally based on public domain text from [https://web.archive.org/web/20060513232515/http://permanent.access.gpo.gov/lps24911/FM%203-52%2020020801.pdf Army Airspace Command and Control in a Combat Zone], Headquarters, Department of the Army, publication FM 3-52 (FM 100-103), August 2002
 [[Category:Military communications]]
-[[Category:NATO]]
+[[Category:NATO standardisation]]
-{{US-mil-stub}}
-[[de:Taktischer Datenlink]]
-[[fr:Liaison de données tactiques]]
-[[ja:戦術データ・リンク]]
-[[pl:Tactical Digital Information Link]]
-[[zh:戰術數位資訊鏈路]]