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{{Short description|Algerian politician and independence activist}} |
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{{Infobox officeholder |
{{Infobox officeholder |
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|name = Mohamed Lamine Debaghine |
| name = Mohamed Lamine Debaghine |
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|office = [[Chamber of Deputies of France]]<br>([[French Fourth Republic]]) |
| office = [[Chamber of Deputies of France]]<br>([[French Fourth Republic]]) |
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|constituency_MP = [[Constantine (département)|Constantine département]] ([[French Algeria|Algeria]]) |
| constituency_MP = [[Constantine (département)|Constantine département]] ([[French Algeria|Algeria]]) |
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|term_start1 = 1945 |
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| term_start1 = 1945 |
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| term_end1 = 1946 |
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| term_start2 = 1946 |
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| term_end2 = 1951 |
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|birth_date = {{Birth date|1917|1|24}} |
| birth_date = {{Birth date|1917|1|24|df=y}} |
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|birth_place = [[Hussein Dey]], [[Algeria]] |
| birth_place = [[Hussein Dey]], [[French Algeria]] |
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|death_date = {{ |
| death_date = {{dda|2003|1|23|1917|1|24|df=y}} |
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|death_place = [[Algiers]], [[Algeria]] |
| death_place = [[Algiers]], [[Algeria]] |
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|nationality = [[French nationality law|French]] until Algeria's independence, then [[Algerian nationality law|Algerian]] |
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| nationality = [[Algerian nationality law|Algerian]] |
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| party = [[Movement for the Triumph of Democratic Liberties|MTLD]] |
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|alma_mater = [[Algiers University]] |
| alma_mater = [[Algiers University]] |
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|profession = Physician |
| profession = Physician |
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|website = [http://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/histoire/biographies/IVRepublique/lamine-debaghine-mohamed-24011917.asp Biography on the website of the French National Assembly] |
| website = [http://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/histoire/biographies/IVRepublique/lamine-debaghine-mohamed-24011917.asp Biography on the website of the French National Assembly] |
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}} |
}} |
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[[Dr.]] '''Mohamed Lamine Debaghine''' ( |
[[Dr.]] '''Mohamed Lamine Debaghine''' (24 January 1917 in [[Hussein Dey]], [[Algeria]]; – 23 January 2003 in [[Algiers]], [[Algeria]]) was an Algerian politician and independence activist. |
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== Biography == |
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Mohamed Lamine Debaghine, holding a [[doctorate]] of [[medicine]] from [[Algiers University]], opened a medical practice in the eastern [[Constantine, Algeria|Constantine]] region in 1944. At the time, Algeria was a governorate of [[France]], but with the exception of European settlers, Algerians were not accorded [[civil rights]]. He quickly became active in politics, and joined [[Messali Hadj]]'s [[Parti du peuple algérien]] (PPA) leftist [[nationalism|nationalist]] movement in 1939. During the [[Second World War]], he was arrested by [[colonialism|colonial]] authorities for nationalist agitation and for inciting Algerian [[conscript]]s to refuse military service in the [[French army]] (while also condemning [[Nazism]]).<ref name="cheliff">[http://cheliff.org/portail/?q=node/300 Lamine Debaghine Mohamed (1917-2003)], ''cheliff.org''</ref> He emerged as one of the group's most important leaders, pushing for confrontation with the colonial authorities<ref>Mohammed Harbi, «[http://mondediplo.com/2005/05/14algeria Massacre in Algeria]», [[Le Monde Diplomatique]], May 2005</ref> and demanding independence (as opposed to the more moderate followers of [[Ferhat Abbas]], who, unlike the PPA, restricted their demands to full [[citizenship]] for Algerian Muslims and [[autonomy|autonomous]] rule<ref>"[http://www.ldh-toulon.net/spip.php?article285 Aux origines de la guerre d’Algérie. Extraits de l’entretien d’Annie Rey-Goldzeiguer avec Christian Makarian et Dominique Simonnet]", [[L’Express]], 14 March 2002</ref>). |
Mohamed Lamine Debaghine, holding a [[doctorate]] of [[medicine]] from [[Algiers University]], opened a medical practice in the eastern [[Constantine, Algeria|Constantine]] region in 1944. At the time, Algeria was a governorate of [[France]], but with the exception of European settlers, Algerians were not accorded [[civil rights]]. He quickly became active in politics, and joined [[Messali Hadj]]'s [[Parti du peuple algérien]] (PPA) leftist [[nationalism|nationalist]] movement in 1939. During the [[Second World War]], he was arrested by [[colonialism|colonial]] authorities for nationalist agitation and for inciting Algerian [[conscript]]s to refuse military service in the [[French army]] (while also condemning [[Nazism]]).<ref name="cheliff">[http://cheliff.org/portail/?q=node/300 Lamine Debaghine Mohamed (1917-2003)], ''cheliff.org''</ref> He emerged as one of the group's most important leaders, pushing for confrontation with the colonial authorities<ref>Mohammed Harbi, «[http://mondediplo.com/2005/05/14algeria Massacre in Algeria]», [[Le Monde Diplomatique]], May 2005</ref> and demanding independence (as opposed to the more moderate followers of [[Ferhat Abbas]], who, unlike the PPA, restricted their demands to full [[citizenship]] for Algerian Muslims and [[autonomy|autonomous]] rule<ref>"[http://www.ldh-toulon.net/spip.php?article285 Aux origines de la guerre d’Algérie. Extraits de l’entretien d’Annie Rey-Goldzeiguer avec Christian Makarian et Dominique Simonnet] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131001080355/http://www.ldh-toulon.net/spip.php?article285 |date=2013-10-01 }}", [[L’Express]], 14 March 2002</ref>). |
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In 1946, Lamine Debaghine was elected to the [[French parliament]] as a deputy of Constantine on a list backed by the [[Movement for the Triumph of Democratic Liberties]], a successor movement to the banned PPA. In parliament, he called for Algeria's independence and described France's [[annexation]] of the country in 1830 an "aggression", but otherwise stayed out of most parliamentary debates and votes (an exception being to vote against French membership in [[NATO]] in 1949).<ref>[http://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/histoire/biographies/IVRepublique/lamine-debaghine-mohamed-24011917.asp Mohamed Lamine Debaghine], Biographies of former deputies, website of the French National Assembly</ref> |
In 1946, Lamine Debaghine was elected to the [[French parliament]] as a deputy of Constantine on a list backed by the [[Movement for the Triumph of Democratic Liberties]], a successor movement to the banned PPA. In parliament, he called for Algeria's independence and described France's [[annexation]] of the country in 1830 an "aggression", but otherwise stayed out of most parliamentary debates and votes (an exception being to vote against French membership in [[NATO]] in 1949).<ref>[http://www.assemblee-nationale.fr/histoire/biographies/IVRepublique/lamine-debaghine-mohamed-24011917.asp Mohamed Lamine Debaghine], Biographies of former deputies, website of the French National Assembly</ref> |
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In 1951, his parliamentary mandate ended, and three years later, an armed rebellion for Algeria's independence erupted led by the [[National Liberation Front (Algeria)|Front de libération nationale]] (FLN), a PPA/MTLD splinter group. In 1956, Lamine Debaghine was made a member of the FLN's exterior delegation (i.e. outside the country) and its shadow parliament, the CNRA, later CCE.<ref>[http://www.1novembre54.com/histoire_algerie.php?cat=Biographie&id=DEBAGHINE%20Mohamed%20Lamine Mohamed Lamine Debaghine], ''www.1novembre54.com''</ref> Lamine Debaghine was elected minister of foreign affairs in the first lineup of the FLN's [[government-in-exile]], [[GPRA]], under Ferhat Abbas's presidency, holding the post for the period 1958-1960. In this role, he served as a primary spokesman of the FLN to the outside world, and worked to build alliances with the newly independent countries of the [[Arab world]] and other regions. However, being outside the country, he had limited authority over the actual armed rebellion of the FLN's armed wing, the [[Armée de libération nationale]] (ALN). A [[Time Magazine]] article from 1957 described him as Abbas's close collaborator, "Dr. Mohammed Lamine-Debaghine, 40, [the] bitterly anti-French veteran nationalist who is subject to bouts of [[Depression (mood)|depression]] caused by attacks of [[neuralgia]] that partially paralyze his face."<ref>[http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,868021,00.html |
In 1951, his parliamentary mandate ended, and three years later, an armed rebellion for Algeria's independence erupted led by the [[National Liberation Front (Algeria)|Front de libération nationale]] (FLN), a PPA/MTLD splinter group. In 1956, Lamine Debaghine was made a member of the FLN's exterior delegation (i.e. outside the country) and its shadow parliament, the CNRA, later CCE.<ref>[http://www.1novembre54.com/histoire_algerie.php?cat=Biographie&id=DEBAGHINE%20Mohamed%20Lamine Mohamed Lamine Debaghine], ''www.1novembre54.com''</ref> Lamine Debaghine was elected minister of foreign affairs in the first lineup of the FLN's [[government-in-exile]], [[Provisional Government of the Algerian Republic|GPRA]], under Ferhat Abbas's presidency, holding the post for the period 1958-1960. In this role, he served as a primary spokesman of the FLN to the outside world, and worked to build alliances with the newly independent countries of the [[Arab world]] and other regions. However, being outside the country, he had limited authority over the actual armed rebellion of the FLN's armed wing, the [[Armée de libération nationale]] (ALN). A [[Time Magazine]] article from 1957 described him as Abbas's close collaborator, "Dr. Mohammed Lamine-Debaghine, 40, [the] bitterly anti-French veteran nationalist who is subject to bouts of [[Depression (mood)|depression]] caused by attacks of [[neuralgia]] that partially paralyze his face."<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20111019200955/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,868021,00.html Algeria: Respectability for Rebels], Time Magazine, Monday, Nov. 18, 1957</ref> As an ally of [[Abane Ramdane]], he was later sidelined by Ramdane's rivals, including [[Ahmed Ben Bella]] and others, and he was excluded from the GPRA's two following ministerial lineups, as well as from any important role in post-independence politics.<ref name="cheliff"/> |
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Following the war, he reopened a medical practice in [[Sétif]]. He died in Algiers, the Algerian capital, |
Following the war, he reopened a medical practice in [[Sétif]]. He died in Algiers, the Algerian capital, on 23 January 2003, at the age of 85. |
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==Notes and sources== |
==Notes and sources== |
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== Further reading == |
== Further reading == |
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* [http://new.elwatan.com/Lettre-a-Mohamed-Lamine-Debaghine Lettre à Mohamed Lamine Debaghine] - by Chawki Mostefai, in [[El Watan]], December 18, 2004. ([[French language|French]].) |
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20081024124720/http://new.elwatan.com/Lettre-a-Mohamed-Lamine-Debaghine Lettre à Mohamed Lamine Debaghine] - by Chawki Mostefai, in [[El Watan]], December 18, 2004. ([[French language|French]].) |
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{{Persondata <!-- Metadata: see [[Wikipedia:Persondata]]. --> |
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| ALTERNATIVE NAMES = |
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| SHORT DESCRIPTION = Member of [[French parliament]] |
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| DATE OF BIRTH = 1917-01-24 |
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| PLACE OF BIRTH = [[Hussein Dey]], [[Algeria]] |
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| DATE OF DEATH = 2003-01-23 |
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| PLACE OF DEATH = [[Algiers]], [[Algeria]] |
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}} |
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[[Category:1917 births]] |
[[Category:1917 births]] |
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[[Category:2003 deaths]] |
[[Category:2003 deaths]] |
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[[Category:People from Hussein Dey (commune)]] |
[[Category:People from Hussein Dey (commune)]] |
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[[Category:People of French Algeria]] |
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[[Category:Algerian People's Party politicians]] |
[[Category:Algerian People's Party politicians]] |
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[[Category:Movement for the Triumph of Democratic Liberties politicians]] |
[[Category:Movement for the Triumph of Democratic Liberties politicians]] |
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[[Category:National Liberation Front (Algeria) politicians]] |
[[Category:National Liberation Front (Algeria) politicians]] |
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[[Category:Foreign ministers of Algeria]] |
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[[Category:Government ministers of Algeria]] |
[[Category:Government ministers of Algeria]] |
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[[Category:Members of Parliament for French Algeria]] |
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[[fr:Mohamed Lamine Debaghine]] |
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[[Category:21st-century Algerian people]] |
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[[Category:University of Algiers alumni]] |
Latest revision as of 11:35, 12 December 2023
Mohamed Lamine Debaghine | |
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Chamber of Deputies of France (French Fourth Republic) | |
Member of Parliament for Constantine département (Algeria) | |
In office 1945–1946 | |
In office 1946–1951 | |
Personal details | |
Born | Hussein Dey, French Algeria | 24 January 1917
Died | 23 January 2003 Algiers, Algeria | (aged 85)
Political party | MTLD |
Alma mater | Algiers University |
Profession | Physician |
Website | Biography on the website of the French National Assembly |
Dr. Mohamed Lamine Debaghine (24 January 1917 in Hussein Dey, Algeria; – 23 January 2003 in Algiers, Algeria) was an Algerian politician and independence activist.
Biography
[edit]Mohamed Lamine Debaghine, holding a doctorate of medicine from Algiers University, opened a medical practice in the eastern Constantine region in 1944. At the time, Algeria was a governorate of France, but with the exception of European settlers, Algerians were not accorded civil rights. He quickly became active in politics, and joined Messali Hadj's Parti du peuple algérien (PPA) leftist nationalist movement in 1939. During the Second World War, he was arrested by colonial authorities for nationalist agitation and for inciting Algerian conscripts to refuse military service in the French army (while also condemning Nazism).[1] He emerged as one of the group's most important leaders, pushing for confrontation with the colonial authorities[2] and demanding independence (as opposed to the more moderate followers of Ferhat Abbas, who, unlike the PPA, restricted their demands to full citizenship for Algerian Muslims and autonomous rule[3]).
In 1946, Lamine Debaghine was elected to the French parliament as a deputy of Constantine on a list backed by the Movement for the Triumph of Democratic Liberties, a successor movement to the banned PPA. In parliament, he called for Algeria's independence and described France's annexation of the country in 1830 an "aggression", but otherwise stayed out of most parliamentary debates and votes (an exception being to vote against French membership in NATO in 1949).[4]
In 1951, his parliamentary mandate ended, and three years later, an armed rebellion for Algeria's independence erupted led by the Front de libération nationale (FLN), a PPA/MTLD splinter group. In 1956, Lamine Debaghine was made a member of the FLN's exterior delegation (i.e. outside the country) and its shadow parliament, the CNRA, later CCE.[5] Lamine Debaghine was elected minister of foreign affairs in the first lineup of the FLN's government-in-exile, GPRA, under Ferhat Abbas's presidency, holding the post for the period 1958-1960. In this role, he served as a primary spokesman of the FLN to the outside world, and worked to build alliances with the newly independent countries of the Arab world and other regions. However, being outside the country, he had limited authority over the actual armed rebellion of the FLN's armed wing, the Armée de libération nationale (ALN). A Time Magazine article from 1957 described him as Abbas's close collaborator, "Dr. Mohammed Lamine-Debaghine, 40, [the] bitterly anti-French veteran nationalist who is subject to bouts of depression caused by attacks of neuralgia that partially paralyze his face."[6] As an ally of Abane Ramdane, he was later sidelined by Ramdane's rivals, including Ahmed Ben Bella and others, and he was excluded from the GPRA's two following ministerial lineups, as well as from any important role in post-independence politics.[1]
Following the war, he reopened a medical practice in Sétif. He died in Algiers, the Algerian capital, on 23 January 2003, at the age of 85.
Notes and sources
[edit]- ^ a b Lamine Debaghine Mohamed (1917-2003), cheliff.org
- ^ Mohammed Harbi, «Massacre in Algeria», Le Monde Diplomatique, May 2005
- ^ "Aux origines de la guerre d’Algérie. Extraits de l’entretien d’Annie Rey-Goldzeiguer avec Christian Makarian et Dominique Simonnet Archived 2013-10-01 at the Wayback Machine", L’Express, 14 March 2002
- ^ Mohamed Lamine Debaghine, Biographies of former deputies, website of the French National Assembly
- ^ Mohamed Lamine Debaghine, www.1novembre54.com
- ^ Algeria: Respectability for Rebels, Time Magazine, Monday, Nov. 18, 1957
Further reading
[edit]- Lettre à Mohamed Lamine Debaghine - by Chawki Mostefai, in El Watan, December 18, 2004. (French.)
- 1917 births
- 2003 deaths
- People from Hussein Dey (commune)
- People of French Algeria
- Algerian People's Party politicians
- Movement for the Triumph of Democratic Liberties politicians
- National Liberation Front (Algeria) politicians
- Foreign ministers of Algeria
- Government ministers of Algeria
- Deputies of the 1st National Assembly of the French Fourth Republic
- Members of Parliament for French Algeria
- 21st-century Algerian people
- University of Algiers alumni