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{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2019}}
{{Infobox planet
{{Infobox planet
| minorplanet = yes
| minorplanet = yes
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| background = #D6D6D6
| background = #D6D6D6
| image =
| image =
| image_size =
| caption =
| caption =
| discovery_ref = &thinsp;<ref name="jpldata" />
| discovery_ref = &thinsp;<ref name="jpldata" />
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| discoverer = [[Nikolai Chernykh|N. Chernykh]]
| discoverer = [[Nikolai Chernykh|N. Chernykh]]
| discovery_site = {{nowrap|[[Crimean Astrophysical Observatory|Crimean Astrophysical Obs.]]}}
| discovery_site = {{nowrap|[[Crimean Astrophysical Observatory|Crimean Astrophysical Obs.]]}}
| mpc_name = (2123) Vltava
| mpc_name = (2123) Vltava
| alt_names = {{mp|1973 SL|2}}{{·}}1934 PB<br />1936 AE{{·}}1942 EV<br />{{mp|1951 AQ|1}}{{·}}1954 UL<br />1956 AJ{{·}}1956 CE<br />1964 VZ{{·}}1975 AR<br />{{mp|1977 JB|1}}{{·}}1978 SO
| alt_names = {{mp|1973 SL|2}}{{·}}1934 PB<br />1936 AE{{·}}1942 EV<br />{{mp|1951 AQ|1}}{{·}}1954 UL<br />1956 AJ{{·}}1956 CE<br />1964 VZ{{·}}1975 AR<br />{{mp|1977 JB|1}}{{·}}1978 SO
| named_after = [[Vltava]] {{small|(river)}}<ref name="springer" />
| named_after = [[Vltava]]&thinsp;<ref name="springer" /><br />{{small|(Czech national [[List of minor planets named after rivers|river]])}}
| mp_category = [[main-belt]]{{·}}[[Koronis family|Koronis]]&thinsp;<ref name="lcdb" />
| mp_category = [[main-belt]]{{·}}{{small|([[Kirkwood gap|outer]])}}<br />[[Koronis family|Koronis]]&thinsp;<ref name="lcdb" />
| orbit_ref = &thinsp;<ref name="jpldata" />
| orbit_ref = &thinsp;<ref name="jpldata" />
| epoch = 16 February 2017 ([[Julian day|JD]] 2457800.5)
| epoch = 4 September 2017 ([[Julian day|JD]] 2458000.5)
| uncertainty = 0
| uncertainty = 0
| observation_arc = 81.85 yr (29,895 days)
| observation_arc = 82.23 yr (30,036 days)
| aphelion = 3.0854 [[Astronomical unit|AU]]
| aphelion = 3.0862 [[Astronomical unit|AU]]
| perihelion = 2.6337 AU
| perihelion = 2.6337 AU
| semimajor = 2.8596 AU
| semimajor = 2.8600 AU
| eccentricity = 0.0790
| eccentricity = 0.0791
| period = 4.84 [[Julian year (astronomy)|yr]] (1,766 days)
| period = 4.84 [[Julian year (astronomy)|yr]] (1,767 days)
| mean_anomaly = 331.03[[Degree (angle)|°]]
| mean_anomaly = 11.862[[Degree (angle)|°]]
| mean_motion = {{Deg2DMS|0.2038|sup=ms}} / day
| mean_motion = {{Deg2DMS|0.2038|sup=ms}} / day
| inclination = 1.0108°
| inclination = 1.0106°
| asc_node = 311.63°
| asc_node = 311.62°
| arg_peri = 58.916°
| arg_peri = 58.849°
| dimensions = {{val|14.42|1.3}} km {{small|([[IRAS]]:2)}}<ref name="lcdb" /><br />{{val|14.461|0.186}}<ref name="Masiero-2011" /><br />{{val|14.800|0.252}} km<ref name="WISE" /><br />{{val|15.12|0.75}} km<ref name="AKARI" />
| dimensions = {{val|14.42|1.3}} km {{small|([[IRAS]]:2)}}<ref name="lcdb" /><br />{{val|14.461|0.186}}<ref name="Masiero-2011" /><br />{{val|14.800|0.252}} km<ref name="WISE" /><br />{{val|15.12|0.75}} km<ref name="AKARI" />
| rotation = {{val|16.2954|0.0282}} [[Hour|h]]<ref name="Waszczak-2016" /><br />34.0 h<ref name="Slivan-2008" />
| rotation = {{val|16.2954|0.0282}} [[Hour|h]]<ref name="Waszczak-2016" /><br />34.0 h<ref name="Slivan-2008" />
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}}
}}


'''2123 Vltava''', provisional designation {{mpf|1973 SL|2}}, is a stony Koronian [[asteroid]] from the outer region of the [[asteroid belt]], approximately 15 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 22 September 1973, by Soviet–Russian astronomer [[Nikolai Chernykh]] at the [[Crimean Astrophysical Observatory]] on the Crimean peninsula in Nauchnyj.<ref name="MPC-Vltava" /> It is named for the river [[Vltava]] ''(Moldau)''.<ref name="springer" />
'''2123 Vltava''', provisional designation {{mp|1973 SL|2}}, is a stony Koronian [[asteroid]] from the outer region of the [[asteroid belt]], approximately 15 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 22 September 1973, by Soviet–Russian astronomer [[Nikolai Chernykh]] at the [[Crimean Astrophysical Observatory]] on the Crimean peninsula in Nauchnyj.<ref name="MPC-Vltava" /> It is named for the river [[Vltava]] (Moldau).<ref name="springer" />


== Classification and orbit ==
== Classification and orbit ==


The [[S-type asteroid|S-type]] asteroid is a member of the [[Koronis family]], which is named after [[158&nbsp;Koronis]] and consists of about 300 known bodies with nearly co-planar [[ecliptic|ecliptical]] orbits. The asteroid orbits the Sun at a distance of 2.6–3.1&nbsp;[[Astronomical unit|AU]] once every 4 years and 10 months (1,766 days). Its orbit has an [[orbital eccentricity|eccentricity]] of 0.08 and an [[orbital inclination|inclination]] of 1[[Degree (angle)|°]] with respect to the ecliptic.<ref name="jpldata" /> A first [[precovery]] taken at [[Landessternwarte Heidelberg-Königstuhl|Heidelberg]] in 1934, extends the body's [[observation arc]] by 39 years prior to its official discovery observation at Nauchnyj.<ref name="MPC-Vltava" />
The [[S-type asteroid]] is a member of the [[Koronis family]], which is named after [[158&nbsp;Koronis]] and consists of about 300 known bodies with nearly co-planar [[ecliptic]]al orbits. The asteroid orbits the Sun in the [[Kirkwood gap|outer]] main-belt at a distance of 2.6–3.1&nbsp;[[Astronomical unit|AU]] once every 4 years and 10 months (1,767 days). Its orbit has an [[orbital eccentricity|eccentricity]] of 0.08 and an [[orbital inclination|inclination]] of 1[[Degree (angle)|°]] with respect to the ecliptic.<ref name="jpldata" /> A first [[precovery]] taken at [[Landessternwarte Heidelberg-Königstuhl|Heidelberg]] in 1934, extends the body's [[observation arc]] by 39 years prior to its official discovery observation at Nauchnyj.<ref name="MPC-Vltava" />


== Physical characteristics ==
== Physical characteristics ==
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=== Rotation period ===
=== Rotation period ===


Between 1998 and 2005, a survey by seven different observatories obtained a large number of rotational [[light-curve]]s from members of the Koronis family. For this asteroid, the survey gave an ambiguous [[rotation period]] of 34.0 hours with a brightness amplitude of 0.21 in [[Magnitude (astronomy)|magnitude]] ({{small|[[LCDB quality code|U=2]]}}).<ref name="Slivan-2008" /> In 2014, [[Photometry (astronomy)|photometric]] observations at the U.S. [[Palomar Transient Factory]] rendered a light-curve with an alternative solution of {{val|16.2954|0.0282}} hours, or about half the period previously found, with an amplitude of 0.19 ({{small|[[LCDB quality code|U=2]]}}).<ref name="Waszczak-2016" />
Between 1998 and 2005, a survey of members of the Koronis family by seven different observatories obtained a large number of rotational [[lightcurve]]s from . For ''Vltava'', the survey gave an ambiguous [[rotation period]] of 34.0 hours with a brightness variation of 0.21 in [[Magnitude (astronomy)|magnitude]] ({{small|[[LCDB quality code|U=2]]}}).<ref name="Slivan-2008" /> In 2014, [[Photometry (astronomy)|photometric]] observations at the [[Palomar Transient Factory]] in California rendered a lightcurve with an alternative solution of {{val|16.2954}} hours, or about half the period previously found, with an amplitude of 0.19 magnitude ({{small|[[LCDB quality code|U=2]]}}).<ref name="Waszczak-2016" />


=== Diameter and albedo ===
=== Diameter and albedo ===
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== Naming ==
== Naming ==


This [[minor planet]] was named for the [[Vltava]] ''(Moldau)'', the longest river within the Czech Republic, running through the city of Prague.<ref name="springer" /> Naming citation was published on 1 April 1980 ({{small|[[Minor Planet Circulars|M.P.C.]] 5283}}).<ref name="MPC-Circulars-Archive" />
This [[minor planet]] was named for the [[Vltava]] ''(Moldau)'', the longest river within the Czech Republic, running through the city of Prague.<ref name="springer" /> The approved naming citation was published by the [[Minor Planet Center]] on 1 April 1980 ({{small|[[Minor Planet Circulars|M.P.C.]] 5283}}).<ref name="MPC-Circulars-Archive" />


== References ==
== References ==
{{reflist
{{reflist|refs=
|refs=


<ref name="jpldata">{{cite web
<ref name="jpldata">{{cite web
|type = 2016-06-15 last obs.
|type = 2016-11-03 last obs.
|title = JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 2123 Vltava (1973 SL2)
|title = JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 2123 Vltava (1973 SL2)
|url = http://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/sbdb.cgi?sstr=2002123
|url = https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/sbdb.cgi?sstr=2002123
|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20200913130600/https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/sbdb.cgi?sstr=2002123
⚫
|publisher = Jet Propulsion Laboratory
|accessdate = 7 December 2016}}</ref>
|archive-date = 13 September 2020
⚫
|publisher = [[Jet Propulsion Laboratory]]
⚫
|access-date = 3 July 2017}}</ref>


<ref name="springer">{{cite book
<ref name="springer">{{cite book
|title = Dictionary of Minor Planet Names – (2123) Vltava
|title = Dictionary of Minor Planet Names – (2123) Vltava
|last = Schmadel | first = Lutz D.
|last = Schmadel | first = Lutz D.
|publisher = Springer Berlin Heidelberg
|publisher = [[Springer Berlin Heidelberg]]
|page = 172
|page = 172
|date = 2007
|date = 2007
|url = http://link.springer.com/referenceworkentry/10.1007/978-3-540-29925-7_2124
|isbn = 978-3-540-00238-3
|isbn = 978-3-540-00238-3
|doi = 10.1007/978-3-540-29925-7_2124 |chapter = (2123) Vltava }}</ref>
⚫
|accessdate = 14 April 2016}}</ref>


<ref name="MPC-Vltava">{{cite web
<ref name="MPC-Vltava">{{cite web
|title = 2123 Vltava (1973 SL2)
|title = 2123 Vltava (1973 SL2)
|work = Minor Planet Center
|work = Minor Planet Center
|url = http://www.minorplanetcenter.net/db_search/show_object?object_id=2123
|url = https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/db_search/show_object?object_id=2123
|accessdate = 14 April 2016}}</ref>
|access-date = 14 April 2016}}</ref>


<ref name="MPC-Circulars-Archive">{{cite web
<ref name="MPC-Circulars-Archive">{{cite web
|title = MPC/MPO/MPS Archive
|title = MPC/MPO/MPS Archive
|work = Minor Planet Center
|work = Minor Planet Center
|url = http://www.minorplanetcenter.net/iau/ECS/MPCArchive/MPCArchive_TBL.html
|url = https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/iau/ECS/MPCArchive/MPCArchive_TBL.html
|accessdate = 17 May 2016}}</ref>
|access-date = 17 May 2016}}</ref>


<ref name="lcdb">{{cite web
<ref name="lcdb">{{cite web
|title = LCDB Data for (2123) Vltava
|title = LCDB Data for (2123) Vltava
|publisher = Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB)
|publisher = Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB)
|url = http://www.minorplanet.info/PHP/GenerateALCDEFPage_Local.php?AstInfo=2123%7CVltava
|url = http://www.minorplanet.info/PHP/generateOneAsteroidInfo.php?AstInfo=2123%7CVltava
|accessdate = 17 May 2016}}</ref>
|access-date = 17 May 2016}}</ref>


<ref name="AKARI">{{cite journal
<ref name="AKARI">{{cite journal
Line 110: Line 113:
|date = October 2011
|date = October 2011
|title = Asteroid Catalog Using Akari: AKARI/IRC Mid-Infrared Asteroid Survey
|title = Asteroid Catalog Using Akari: AKARI/IRC Mid-Infrared Asteroid Survey
|url = http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/bib_query?bibcode=2011PASJ...63.1117U
|journal = Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan
|journal = Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan
|volume = 63
|volume = 63
Line 117: Line 119:
|bibcode = 2011PASJ...63.1117U
|bibcode = 2011PASJ...63.1117U
|doi = 10.1093/pasj/63.5.1117
|doi = 10.1093/pasj/63.5.1117
|access-date= 17 May 2016}}</ref>
|doi-access= free
}} ([http://vizier.cfa.harvard.edu/viz-bin/VizieR-5?-source=J/PASJ/63/1117/acua_v1&Num=2123 online], [https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/43545172.pdf AcuA catalog p. 153])</ref>


<ref name="WISE">{{cite journal
<ref name="WISE">{{cite journal
Line 244: Line 247:
|first14 = E. |last14 = DeBaun
|first14 = E. |last14 = DeBaun
|first15 = D. |last15 = Elsbury
|first15 = D. |last15 = Elsbury
|first16 = T., IV |last16 = Gautier
|first16 = T. IV |last16 = Gautier
|first17 = S. |last17 = Gomillion
|first17 = S. |last17 = Gomillion
|first18 = A. |last18 = Wilkins
|first18 = A. |last18 = Wilkins
Line 262: Line 265:


== External links ==
== External links ==
* [http://www.minorplanet.info/PHP/lcdbsummaryquery.php Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB)], query form ([http://www.minorplanet.info/lightcurvedatabase.html info])
* [http://www.minorplanet.info/PHP/lcdbsummaryquery.php Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB)], query form ([http://www.minorplanet.info/lightcurvedatabase.html info] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171216050541/http://www.minorplanet.info/lightcurvedatabase.html |date=16 December 2017 }})
* [https://books.google.com/books?id=aeAg1X7afOoC&pg Dictionary of Minor Planet Names], Google books
* [https://books.google.com/books?id=aeAg1X7afOoC&pg Dictionary of Minor Planet Names], Google books
* [http://obswww.unige.ch/~behrend/page_cou.html Asteroids and comets rotation curves, CdR] – Observatoire de Genève, Raoul Behrend
* [http://obswww.unige.ch/~behrend/page_cou.html Asteroids and comets rotation curves, CdR] – Observatoire de Genève, Raoul Behrend
* [http://www.minorplanetcenter.net/iau/lists/NumberedMPs000001.html Discovery Circumstances: Numbered Minor Planets (1)-(5000)] – Minor Planet Center
* [https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/iau/lists/NumberedMPs000001.html Discovery Circumstances: Numbered Minor Planets (1)-(5000)] – Minor Planet Center
* {{AstDys|2123}}
* {{JPL small body}}
* {{JPL small body}}


{{Minor planets navigator|2122 Pyatiletka|number=2123|2124 Nissen}}
{{Minor planets navigator |2122 Pyatiletka |number=2123 |2124 Nissen}}
{{Small Solar System bodies}}
{{Small Solar System bodies}}
{{Authority control}}


{{DEFAULTSORT:Vltava}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Vltava}}
[[Category:Koronis asteroids|002123]]
[[Category:Koronis asteroids|002123]]
[[Category:Numbered minor planets|002123]]
[[Category:Discoveries by Nikolai Chernykh]]
[[Category:Discoveries by Nikolai Chernykh]]
[[Category:Minor planets named for rivers]]
[[Category:Named minor planets]]
[[Category:Named minor planets]]
[[Category:Astronomical objects discovered in 1973|19730922]]
[[Category:Astronomical objects discovered in 1973|19730922]]

Latest revision as of 19:00, 24 December 2023

2123 Vltava
Discovery [1]
Discovered byN. Chernykh
Discovery siteCrimean Astrophysical Obs.
Discovery date22 September 1973
Designations
(2123) Vltava
Named after
Vltava [2]
(Czech national river)
1973 SL2 · 1934 PB
1936 AE · 1942 EV
1951 AQ1 · 1954 UL
1956 AJ · 1956 CE
1964 VZ · 1975 AR
1977 JB1 · 1978 SO
main-belt · (outer)
Koronis [3]
Orbital characteristics [1]
Epoch 4 September 2017 (JD 2458000.5)
Uncertainty parameter 0
Observation arc82.23 yr (30,036 days)
Aphelion3.0862 AU
Perihelion2.6337 AU
2.8600 AU
Eccentricity0.0791
4.84 yr (1,767 days)
11.862°
0° 12m 13.68s / day
Inclination1.0106°
311.62°
58.849°
Physical characteristics
Dimensions14.42±1.3 km (IRAS:2)[3]
14.461±0.186[4]
14.800±0.252 km[5]
15.12±0.75 km[6]
16.2954±0.0282 h[7]
34.0 h[8]
0.2032±0.0183[5]
0.212±0.034[4]
0.2135±0.046 (IRAS:2)[3]
0.220±0.025[6]
S [3]
11.327±0.001 (R)[7] · 11.50 (IRAS:2)[1][3] · 11.5[6][5] · 11.75±0.09[8] · 12.09±0.50[9]

2123 Vltava, provisional designation 1973 SL2, is a stony Koronian asteroid from the outer region of the asteroid belt, approximately 15 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 22 September 1973, by Soviet–Russian astronomer Nikolai Chernykh at the Crimean Astrophysical Observatory on the Crimean peninsula in Nauchnyj.[10] It is named for the river Vltava (Moldau).[2]

Classification and orbit

[edit]

The S-type asteroid is a member of the Koronis family, which is named after 158 Koronis and consists of about 300 known bodies with nearly co-planar ecliptical orbits. The asteroid orbits the Sun in the outer main-belt at a distance of 2.6–3.1 AU once every 4 years and 10 months (1,767 days). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.08 and an inclination of 1° with respect to the ecliptic.[1] A first precovery taken at Heidelberg in 1934, extends the body's observation arc by 39 years prior to its official discovery observation at Nauchnyj.[10]

Physical characteristics

[edit]

Rotation period

[edit]

Between 1998 and 2005, a survey of members of the Koronis family by seven different observatories obtained a large number of rotational lightcurves from . For Vltava, the survey gave an ambiguous rotation period of 34.0 hours with a brightness variation of 0.21 in magnitude (U=2).[8] In 2014, photometric observations at the Palomar Transient Factory in California rendered a lightcurve with an alternative solution of 16.2954 hours, or about half the period previously found, with an amplitude of 0.19 magnitude (U=2).[7]

Diameter and albedo

[edit]

According to the surveys carried out by the international Infrared Astronomical Satellite (IRAS), the Japanese Akari satellite, and the NEOWISE mission of NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer, the asteroid measures between 14.4 and 15.1 kilometers in diameter and its surface has an albedo between 0.20 and 0.22.[1][4][5][6]

Naming

[edit]

This minor planet was named for the Vltava (Moldau), the longest river within the Czech Republic, running through the city of Prague.[2] The approved naming citation was published by the Minor Planet Center on 1 April 1980 (M.P.C. 5283).[11]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b c d e "JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 2123 Vltava (1973 SL2)" (2016-11-03 last obs.). Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Archived from the original on 13 September 2020. Retrieved 3 July 2017.
  2. ^ a b c Schmadel, Lutz D. (2007). "(2123) Vltava". Dictionary of Minor Planet Names – (2123) Vltava. Springer Berlin Heidelberg. p. 172. doi:10.1007/978-3-540-29925-7_2124. ISBN 978-3-540-00238-3.
  3. ^ a b c d e "LCDB Data for (2123) Vltava". Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB). Retrieved 17 May 2016.
  4. ^ a b c Masiero, Joseph R.; Mainzer, A. K.; Grav, T.; Bauer, J. M.; Cutri, R. M.; Dailey, J.; et al. (November 2011). "Main Belt Asteroids with WISE/NEOWISE. I. Preliminary Albedos and Diameters". The Astrophysical Journal. 741 (2): 20. arXiv:1109.4096. Bibcode:2011ApJ...741...68M. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/741/2/68. Retrieved 7 December 2016.
  5. ^ a b c d Mainzer, A.; Grav, T.; Masiero, J.; Hand, E.; Bauer, J.; Tholen, D.; et al. (November 2011). "NEOWISE Studies of Spectrophotometrically Classified Asteroids: Preliminary Results". The Astrophysical Journal. 741 (2): 25. arXiv:1109.6407. Bibcode:2011ApJ...741...90M. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/741/2/90. Retrieved 17 May 2016.
  6. ^ a b c d Usui, Fumihiko; Kuroda, Daisuke; Müller, Thomas G.; Hasegawa, Sunao; Ishiguro, Masateru; Ootsubo, Takafumi; et al. (October 2011). "Asteroid Catalog Using Akari: AKARI/IRC Mid-Infrared Asteroid Survey". Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan. 63 (5): 1117–1138. Bibcode:2011PASJ...63.1117U. doi:10.1093/pasj/63.5.1117. (online, AcuA catalog p. 153)
  7. ^ a b c Waszczak, Adam; Chang, Chan-Kao; Ofek, Eran O.; Laher, Russ; Masci, Frank; Levitan, David; et al. (September 2015). "Asteroid Light Curves from the Palomar Transient Factory Survey: Rotation Periods and Phase Functions from Sparse Photometry". The Astronomical Journal. 150 (3): 35. arXiv:1504.04041. Bibcode:2015AJ....150...75W. doi:10.1088/0004-6256/150/3/75. Retrieved 17 May 2016.
  8. ^ a b c Slivan, Stephen M.; Binzel, Richard P.; Boroumand, Shaida C.; Pan, Margaret W.; Simpson, Christine M.; Tanabe, James T.; et al. (May 2008). "Rotation rates in the Koronis family, complete to H≈11.2". Icarus. 195 (1): 226–276. Bibcode:2008Icar..195..226S. doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2007.11.019. Retrieved 17 May 2016.
  9. ^ Veres, Peter; Jedicke, Robert; Fitzsimmons, Alan; Denneau, Larry; Granvik, Mikael; Bolin, Bryce; et al. (November 2015). "Absolute magnitudes and slope parameters for 250,000 asteroids observed by Pan-STARRS PS1 - Preliminary results". Icarus. 261: 34–47. arXiv:1506.00762. Bibcode:2015Icar..261...34V. doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2015.08.007. Retrieved 17 May 2016.
  10. ^ a b "2123 Vltava (1973 SL2)". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved 14 April 2016.
  11. ^ "MPC/MPO/MPS Archive". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved 17 May 2016.
[edit]
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