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{{Short description|Officer of Royal Navy}}
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{{Infobox Military Person
{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2020}}
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{{Infobox military person
|name= Henry Parkyns Hoppner
|name= Henry Parkyns Hoppner
|image=
|image=
|caption=
|caption=
|born= 1795
|birth_date= 1795
|death_date= {{death date and age |1833|12|22 |1795 |df=yes}}
|died= [[1833-12-22]]
|placeofbirth= [[London]]
|birth_place= [[London]]
|placeofdeath= [[Lisbon]]
|death_place= [[Lisbon]]
|placeofburial=
|placeofburial=
|placeofburial_label=
|placeofburial_label=
|nickname=
|nickname=
|allegiance= England
|allegiance= {{UK}}
|branch= [[Royal Navy]]
|branch= [[Royal Navy]]
|serviceyears=
|serviceyears=
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|battles=[[Napoleonic Wars]],<br />[[War of 1812]]
|battles=[[Napoleonic Wars]],<br />[[War of 1812]]
|awards=
|awards=
|relations= Father, [[portrait|portraitist]] [[John Hoppner]],<br />Mother, Phoebe Wright, daughter of American [[sculptor]] [[Patience Lovell Wright]]
|relations= Father, [[portrait]]ist [[John Hoppner]],<br />Mother, Phoebe Wright, daughter of American [[sculptor]] [[Patience Lovell Wright]]
|laterwork=
|laterwork=
}}
}}
Captain '''Henry Parkyns Hoppner''' (1795, [[London]] &ndash; 22 December 1833, [[Lisbon]]) was an officer of the [[Royal Navy]], [[Arctic]] explorer, and [[draughtsman]]<ref>{{cite book |title=Voyages of discovery and research within the Arctic regions from the year 1818 to the present time : under the command of the several naval officers employed by sea and land in search of a Northwest Passage from the Atlantic to the Pacific, with two attempts to reach the North Pole : abridged and arranged from the official narratives with occasional remarks |last=[[John Barrow|Barrow, John, Sir]] |year=1846 |publisher=Harper |location=New York |oclc=166903065 |url=http://books.google.com/books?id=NvsGAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA233&lpg=PA233&dq=%22HP+Hoppner%22&source=web&ots=E9R-ltaK4p&sig=D3_NKrEcWdCX_38qKezc7CUo_Kw&hl=en&sa=X&oi=book_result&resnum=8&ct=result#PPA24,M1 |pages=p. 24}}</ref>/[[artist]]. His career included two ill-fated voyages culminating in the loss of the {{HMS|Alceste|1806|6}} in 1816 and the [[HMS Fury (1814)|HMS ''Fury'']] in 1825.
Captain '''Henry Parkyns Hoppner''' (1795{{snd}}22 December 1833) was an officer of the [[Royal Navy]], [[Arctic]] explorer, [[technical drawing|draughtsman]]{{sfn|Barrow|1846|p=24}} and [[artist]]. His career included two ill-fated voyages culminating in the loss of {{HMS|Alceste|1806|6}} in 1816 and [[HMS Fury (1814)|HMS ''Fury'']] in 1825.


==Early years==
==Early years==
Born in London, Hoppner was the fourth child of English [[portrait]]ist [[John Hoppner]] and Phoebe Wright (1761–1827), daughter of American [[sculptor]] [[Patience Lovell Wright]].{{sfn|Halpenny|Holland|1966|pp=229-230}} Not much is known of his younger sibling. There were three older brothers whom the father painted in the 1791 oil on canvas, ''The Hoppner Children'', a part of the [[National Gallery of Art]]'s [[Joseph E. Widener|Widener collection]]:{{sfn|Hayes|1992|pp=130-131}}<ref name="footprints" />
[[Image:John Hoppner.jpg|thumb|right|[[John Hoppner]], portraitist]]
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* Catherine Hampden Hoppner (1784–1828), [[Magistrate]] in the service of the [[East India Company]]
Born in London, Hoppner was the fourth child of English [[portrait|portraitist]] [[John Hoppner]] and Phoebe Wright (1761&ndash;1827), daughter of American [[sculptor]] [[Patience Lovell Wright]].<ref name="dictionary">{{cite book |title=Dictionary of Canadian biography |last=Halpenny |first=F.G. |coauthors=Holland, C. |year=1966 |publisher=University of Toronto Press |location=Toronto |isbn=0802031420 |url=http://books.google.com/books?id=TIRtOjLunHwC&pg=PA330&lpg=PA330&dq=%22cape+Hoppner%22&source=web&ots=PTqmmfcceI&sig=rmRt37Uqhol2DIWMrz2hGTjY--8&hl=en&sa=X&oi=book_result&resnum=2&ct=result#PPA330,M1 |pages=pp. 229&ndash;230}}</ref> Not much is known of his younger sibling. There was three older brothers whom the father painted in the 1791 oil on canvas, ''The Hoppner Children'', a part of the [[National Gallery of Art]]'s [[Joseph E. Widener|Widener collection]]:<ref>{{cite book |title=British paintings of the sixteenth through nineteenth centuries |last=Hayes |first=John T. |year=1992 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |location=Washington, D.C. |isbn=0521410665 |url=http://books.google.com/books?id=2VT3aCo2j-gC&pg=PA130&lpg=PA130&dq=%22Richard+Belgrave+Hoppner+%22&source=web&ots=rry9oL42ac&sig=UluBIlc227vm4LgSI3Uams68uhM&hl=en&sa=X&oi=book_result&resnum=5&ct=result#PPA132,M1 |pages=pp. 130&ndash;133}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://footprints.org/9-100007.htm |title=Descendants List For Adam Wright and Mary Dennis |accessdate=2008-10-02 |publisher=footprints.org}}</ref>
* Richard Belgrave Hoppner (1786–1872), British [[Consul general]] at [[Venice]],{{sfn|Urban|1834|p=445}}
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* Catherine Hampden Hoppner (1784&ndash;1828), [[Magistrate]] in the service of the [[East India Company]]
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* Wilson (sometimes known as William) Lascelles Hoppner (1788–?), artist
* Richard Belgrave Hoppner (1786&ndash;1872), British [[Consul general]] at [[Venice]],<ref>{{cite book |title=The Gentleman's Magazine |year=1834 |isbn= |url=http://books.google.com/books?id=AfkRAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA445&lpg=PA445&dq=%22HP+Hoppner%22&source=web&ots=fyNhaHKu65&sig=Wmt4G3fswDOr_DHe9Dy6aZav2gE&hl=en&sa=X&oi=book_result&resnum=8&ct=result |pages=p. 445}}</ref>
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* Wilson (sometimes known as William) Lascelles Hoppner (1788&ndash;?), artist


==Career==
==Career==
Hoppner joined the Royal Navy in 1808, and served during the [[Napoleonic Wars]] and the [[War of 1812]]. His first shipboard experience was on the [[HMS Endymion (1797)|HMS ''Endymion'']] when she was ordered to [[A Coruña|Corruna]]. In 1815, he was commissioned as a [[junior lieutenant]]. The following year, he served aboard the ill-fated ''Alceste'' under Capt. [[Murray Maxwell]], escorting Lord Amherst to China on a diplomatic mission to the [[Emperor of China|Chinese Emperor]] [[Jiaqing Emperor|Jiaqing]]. With the ''Alceste'' shipwrecked, Hoppner switched to the [[East Indiaman]] ''Lion'' in order to assist his shipwrecked comrades.<ref>Brenton, p. 573</ref><ref>Gentleman's, pp. 445&ndash;446</ref>
Hoppner joined the Royal Navy in 1808, and served during the [[Napoleonic Wars]] and the [[War of 1812]]. His first shipboard experience was on [[HMS Endymion (1797)|HMS ''Endymion'']] when she was ordered to [[A Coruña|Corruna]]. In 1815, he was commissioned as a [[junior lieutenant]]. The following year, he served aboard the ill-fated ''Alceste'' under Capt. [[Murray Maxwell]], escorting Lord Amherst to China on a diplomatic mission to the [[Jiaqing Emperor]]. With the ''Alceste'' shipwrecked, Hoppner switched to the [[East Indiaman]] ''Lion'' in order to assist his shipwrecked comrades.{{sfn|Brenton|1837|p=573}}{{sfn|Urban|1834|p=445}}


In 1818, [[Lieutenant]] Hoppner served on the ''Alexander'' as second in command under Lt. [[William Edward Parry]]<ref>Halpenny, p. 329</ref> during Capt. [[John Ross (admiral)|John Ross]]' British Naval Northwest Passage Expedition of 1818, who commanded the HMS ''Isabella''.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ageofnelson.org/MichaelPhillips/info.php?ref=1232 |title= ISABELLA, Hired sloop |accessdate=2008-10-03 |last= |publisher=ageofnelson.org}}</ref>
In 1818, [[Lieutenant]] Hoppner served on the ''Alexander'' as second in command under Lieutenant [[William Edward Parry]]{{sfn|Halpenny|Holland|1966|p=329}} during Captain [[John Ross (Arctic explorer)|John Ross]]' British Naval Northwest Passage Expedition of 1818, who commanded HMS ''Isabella''.<ref name="ageofnelson.org1" />
Hoppner participated in three additional Arctic voyages under Parry's command:
Hoppner participated in three additional Arctic voyages under Parry's command:
*Parry's First Arctic Expedition, 1819&ndash;1820, subordinate lieutenant,<ref>Barrow p. 78</ref> on board the [[HMS Griper|HMS ''Griper'']]<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ageofnelson.org/MichaelPhillips/info.php?ref=1051 |title=GRIPER |accessdate=2008-10-02 |publisher=ageofnelson.org}}</ref> under Lt. Liddon, while Parry commanded the [[HMS Hecla (1815)|HMS ''Hecla'']].
*Parry's First Arctic Expedition, 1819–1820, subordinate lieutenant,{{sfn|Barrow|1846|p=78}} on board [[HMS Griper (1813)|HMS ''Griper'']]<ref name="ageofnelson.org2" /> under Lt. Matthew Liddon,{{sfn|Taylor|1898|p=173}} while Parry commanded [[HMS Hecla (1815)|HMS ''Hecla'']].
*Parry's Second Arctic Expedition, 1821&ndash;1823, lieutenant, on board the ''Hecla'', under Commander [[George Francis Lyon]], while Parry commanded the ''Fury''.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://pubs.aina.ucalgary.ca/arctic/Arctic12-2-98.pdf |title=Sir William Edward Parry |accessdate=2008-10-03 |last=Brown |first=R. |publisher=ucalgary.ca |pages=p. 104}}</ref> Having surveyed an arm of the [[Foxe Basin]]'s Lyon Inlet on the [[Melville Peninsula]], Hopper Inlet was named in his honour by Parry.<ref>Halpenny, p. 330</ref>
*Parry's Second Arctic Expedition, 1821–1823, lieutenant, on board the ''Hecla'', under Commander [[George Francis Lyon]], while Parry commanded the ''Fury''.{{sfn|Brown|2011|p=}} Having surveyed an arm of the [[Foxe Basin]]'s Lyon Inlet on the [[Melville Peninsula]], [[Hoppner Inlet]] was named in his honour by Parry.{{sfn|Halpenny|Holland|1966|p=330}}
*Parry's Third Arctic Expedition, 1824&ndash;1825: While Parry commanded the ''Hecla'', Hoppner, having attained the rank of Commander,<ref>Barrow, p. 234</ref> served as second in command of the expedition and commanded the ''Fury''.<ref name="brenton">{{cite book |title=The naval history of Great Britain, from the year MDCCLXXXIII. to MDCCCXXXVI |last=Brenton |first=Edward Pelham |year=1837 |publisher=H. Colburn |location=London |isbn= |oclc=4599420 |url=http://books.google.com/books?id=4uwLAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA573&lpg=PA573&dq=%22lieutenant+hoppner%22&source=web&ots=ml66zn_c0O&sig=ZMhSJf7Ta9ik90EG8rG5S3hnJ3M&hl=en&sa=X&oi=book_result&resnum=7&ct=result#PPA643,M1 |pages=661}}</ref> Hoppner's two lieutenants were [[Horatio Thomas Austin]] and [[James Clark Ross]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.arcticwebsite.com/Parry1824Roster.html |title=Parry's Third Expedition, 1824 Roster |accessdate=2008-10-02 | |publisher=http://www.arcticwebsite.com/Parry1824Roster.html}}</ref> Suffering from ice damage while overwintering, the ship's stores were unloaded onto the ice, and the ''Fury'' was abandoned on 25 August 1825 at Fury Beach on [[Somerset Island]]. Upon returning to England, the requisite court martial found Hoppner "no blame whatever",<ref>Halpenny, p. 330, column 1</ref> and in December, he was promoted to the rank of Commander. Over the next few decades, the ''Fury's'' abandoned provisions came to the rescue of many Arctic explorers, including that of (now Admiral) John Ross.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://images.rgs.org/imageDetails.aspx?barcode=33521 |title=Fury beach, Somerset Island, North West Passage, Nunavut, Canada |accessdate=2008-10-03 |publisher=Royal Geographical Society}}</ref>
*Parry's Third Arctic Expedition, 1824-1825: While Parry commanded the ''Hecla'', Hoppner, having attained the rank of Commander,{{sfn|Barrow|1846|p=234}} served as second in command of the expedition and commanded the ''Fury''.{{sfn|Brenton|1837|p=573}} Hoppner's two lieutenants were [[Horatio Thomas Austin]] and [[James Clark Ross]].<ref name="arcticwebsite.com" /> Suffering from ice damage while overwintering, the ship's stores were unloaded onto the ice, and the ''Fury'' was abandoned on 25 August 1825 at Fury Beach on [[Somerset Island (Nunavut)|Somerset Island]]. Upon returning to England, the requisite court martial found Hoppner "no blame whatever",{{sfn|Halpenny|Holland|1966|p=330}} and in December, he was promoted to the rank of Commander. Over the next few decades, the ''Fury's'' abandoned provisions came to the rescue of many Arctic explorers, including that of (now Admiral) John Ross.<ref name="rgs.org" />


Hoppner's artistic and creative talents were useful during these voyages. His illustrations were published with the expedition narratives of John Ross<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ucalgary.ca/lib-old/SpecColl/OccPaper/hessocc.htm |title=A Voyage of Discovery, Made Under the Orders of the Admiralty, in His Majesty's Ships Isabella and Alexander, for the Purpose of Exploring Baffin's Bay, and Enquiry into the probability of a North-West Passage (1818) |accessdate=2008-10-03 |last= |first= |coauthors= |date= |work= |publisher=ucalgary.ca}}</ref> and Parry. In addition, Hoppner participated for two seasons in the Royal Arctic Theatre, established by Parry to relieve boredom during the long Arctic winters. Hoppner is also credited with organizing "bals masqués", [[masquerade ball]]s held each month while overwintering in the Arctic.<ref>{{cite book |title=Polar Pioneers: John Ross and James Clark Ross |last=Ross |first=Maurice James |year=1994 |publisher=McGill-Queen's Press |location= |isbn=0773512349 |url=http://books.google.com/books?id=XZPf2RzV-PkC&pg=PA89&lpg=PA89&dq=%22Henry+Parkyns+Hoppner%22&source=web&ots=lLVDeVCa-G&sig=2LrRdiTG-lR0a1O3cPpSfMPK_84&hl=en&sa=X&oi=book_result&resnum=7&ct=result#PPA90,M1 |pages=p. 90}}</ref> Regarding the masquarades, Parry remarked, "It is impossible that any other idea could have proved more happy, or more exactly suited to our situation."<ref>Barrow, p. 247</ref>
Hoppner's artistic and creative talents were useful during these voyages. His illustrations were published with the expedition narratives of John Ross{{sfn|Ross|1819|p=}} and Parry. In addition, Hoppner participated for two seasons in the Royal Arctic Theatre, established by Parry to relieve boredom during the long Arctic winters. Hoppner is also credited with organizing ''bals masqués'', [[masquerade ball]]s held each month while overwintering in the Arctic.{{sfn|Ross|1994|p=89}} Regarding the masquerades, Parry remarked, "It is impossible that any other idea could have proved more happy, or more exactly suited to our situation."{{sfn|Barrow|1846|p=247}}


==Later years==
==Later years==
Ill-health kept him from accompanying Parry in 1827 during his attempt on the [[North Pole]]. Hoppner's request to accompany Admiral Ross in 1829 was rejected.
Ill-health kept him from accompanying Parry in 1827 during his attempt on the [[North Pole]]. Hoppner's request to accompany Admiral Ross in 1829 was rejected.


Hoppner never married. In 22 December 1833, he died in Lisbon during a trip through southern Europe.
Hoppner never married. On 22 December 1833, he died in Lisbon during a trip through southern Europe.


==Honours==
==Honours==
Several Canadian landforms were named in his honour, including:{{sfn|Anon|1910|p=44}}{{sfn|Taylor|1898|p=149}}
Several Canadian landforms were named in his honour, including:<ref>{{cite book |title=Ontario History |last=Ontario Historical Society |year=1910 |publisher=Kraus Reprint Co. |location=Millwood, N.Y. |oclc= 22735988 |url=http://books.google.com/books?id=RwYVAAAAYAAJ&pg=RA2-PA44&lpg=RA2-PA44&dq=%22henry+p.+hoppner%22&source=web&ots=srmSN6zWkJ&sig=tTtqXK8v81cZ0luE_vfBg3oaXBk&hl=en&sa=X&oi=book_result&resnum=7&ct=result |pages=p. 44}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |title=Names and Their Histories: A Handbook of Historical Geography and Topographical Nomenclature |last=Taylor |first=Isaac |year=1898 |publisher=Rivingtons |location=London |oclc=4161840 |url=http://books.google.com/books?id=vqgYAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA149&lpg=PA149&dq=%22HP+Hoppner%22&source=web&ots=gFWoNJzcVo&sig=2Js-cCvKEarvYzzZWr2pXRcqa0A&hl=en&sa=X&oi=book_result&resnum=4&ct=result |pages=p. 149}}</ref>
* [[Cape Hoppner]] in the [[Northwest Territories]]
* [[Cape Hoppner]] in the [[Northwest Territories]]
* [[Hoppner Inlet]], [[Hoppner River]], [[Hoppner Strait]] in [[Nunavut]]
* [[Hoppner Inlet]], [[Hoppner River]], [[Hoppner Strait]] in [[Nunavut]]
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==References==
==References==
{{Reflist}}
{{Reflist|30em|refs=
<ref name="ageofnelson.org1">{{cite web |url=http://www.ageofnelson.org/MichaelPhillips/info.php?ref=1232 |title= ISABELLA, Hired sloop |access-date=2008-10-03 |publisher=ageofnelson.org}}</ref>
<ref name="ageofnelson.org2">{{cite web |url=http://www.ageofnelson.org/MichaelPhillips/info.php?ref=1051 |title=GRIPER |access-date=2008-10-02 |publisher=ageofnelson.org}}</ref>
<ref name="footprints">{{cite web|url=http://footprints.org/9-100007.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20030705210934/http://footprints.org/9-100007.htm |url-status=dead |archive-date=2003-07-05 |title=Descendants List For Adam Wright and Mary Dennis |access-date=2008-10-02 |publisher=footprints.org }}</ref>
<ref name="arcticwebsite.com">{{cite web |url=http://www.arcticwebsite.com/Parry1824Roster.html |title=Parry's Third Expedition, 1824 Roster |access-date=2008-10-02 |publisher=arcticwebsite.com}}</ref>
<ref name="rgs.org">{{cite web |url=http://images.rgs.org/imageDetails.aspx?barcode=33521 |title=Fury beach, Somerset Island, North West Passage, Nunavut, Canada |access-date=2008-10-03 |publisher=Royal Geographical Society}}</ref>

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}}
{{refbegin}}
*{{cite book|author=Anon |title=Ontario History |publisher=Ontario Historical Society |year=1910 |via=Kraus Reprint Co. |location=Millwood, N.Y. |oclc=22735988 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=RwYVAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA44 |pages=44}}
*{{cite book |title=Voyages of discovery and research within the Arctic regions from the year 1818 to the present time : under the command of the several naval officers employed by sea and land in search of a Northwest Passage from the Atlantic to the Pacific, with two attempts to reach the North Pole : abridged and arranged from the official narratives with occasional remarks |author-link=Sir John Barrow, 1st Baronet|last=Barrow|first=Sir John|year=1846 |publisher=Harper |location=New York |oclc=166903065 |url=https://archive.org/details/voyagesdiscover01barrgoog |page=[https://archive.org/details/voyagesdiscover01barrgoog/page/n253 233] |isbn=9780665295850 }}
*{{cite book |title=The naval history of Great Britain, from the year MDCCLXXXIII. to MDCCCXXXVI |last=Brenton |first=Edward Pelham |year=1837 |publisher=H. Colburn |location=London |oclc=4599420 |url=https://archive.org/details/navalhistorygre04brengoog |pages=[https://archive.org/details/navalhistorygre04brengoog/page/n697 661]}}
*{{cite book|last=Brown|first=R. N. Rudmose |editor-first=Vilhjalmur |editor-last=Stefansson|title=Encyclopedia Arctica|url=http://pubs.aina.ucalgary.ca/arctic/Arctic12-2-98.pdf|year=2011|publisher=Dartmouth College Library|chapter=Sir William Edward Parry}}
*{{cite book|last=Faraday|first=Michael |author-link=Michael Faraday|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ARLKmH794L8C&pg=PA35| title= The Correspondence of Michael Faraday: 1832-1840 |year=1991 |isbn=9780863412493 }}
*{{cite book |title=Dictionary of Canadian biography |last=Halpenny |first=F.G. |last2=Holland |first2=C. |year=1966 |publisher=University of Toronto Press |location=Toronto |isbn=0-8020-3142-0 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=TIRtOjLunHwC&pg=PA330 }}
*{{cite book |title=British paintings of the sixteenth through nineteenth centuries |last=Hayes |first=John T. |year=1992 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |location=Washington, D.C. |isbn=0-521-41066-5 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2VT3aCo2j-gC&pg=PA130 }}
*{{cite book|last=Ross|first=Sir John |author-link=John Ross (Royal Navy officer)|title=A voyage of discovery: made under the orders of the admiralty, in his majesty's ships Isabella and Alexander, for the purpose of exploring Baffin's bay, and enquiring into the probability of a North-west passage|url=https://archive.org/details/avoyagediscover07rossgoog|page=[https://archive.org/details/avoyagediscover07rossgoog/page/n4 1]|year=1819|publisher=Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, and Brown|location=London}}
*{{cite book |title=Polar Pioneers: John Ross and James Clark Ross |last=Ross |first=Maurice James |year=1994 |publisher=McGill-Queen's Press |isbn=0-7735-1234-9 |url=https://archive.org/details/polarpioneersjoh0000ross |url-access=registration |page=[https://archive.org/details/polarpioneersjoh0000ross/page/89 89] }}
*{{cite book|last=Taylor|first=Isaac |title=Names and Their Histories: A Handbook of Historical Geography and Topographical Nomenclature|publisher=Rivingtons|year=1898|oclc=4161840|url=https://archive.org/details/namesandtheirhi00taylgoog|page=[https://archive.org/details/namesandtheirhi00taylgoog/page/n187 173]}}
*{{cite book|last=Urban|first=Sylvanus |title=The Gentleman's Magazine |year=1834 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=AfkRAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA445 |page=445|location=London|publisher=Wm. Pickering}}
{{refend}}


==External links==
==External links==
* [http://libweb5.princeton.edu/visual_materials/maps/websites/northwest-passage/parry1-2.htm Burnet Inlet, Barrow's Strait, from a sketch by Henry Parkyns Hoppner]
* [http://libweb5.princeton.edu/visual_materials/maps/websites/northwest-passage/parry1-2.htm Burnet Inlet, Barrow's Strait, from a sketch by Henry Parkyns Hoppner]
* [http://images.rgs.org/imageDetails.aspx?barcode=33521 Photo, Fury beach, Somerset Island, Nunavut, Canada]
* [http://images.rgs.org/imageDetails.aspx?barcode=33521 Photo, Fury beach, Somerset Island, Nunavut, Canada]
* [http://books.google.com/books?id=ARLKmH794L8C&pg=RA1-PA35&lpg=RA1-PA35&dq=%22HP+Hoppner%22&source=web&ots=v8FrFZjXFG&sig=zDtc7WhHXoZN207fa32ZHNKawRI&hl=en&sa=X&oi=book_result&resnum=1&ct=result Transcript of 1832 letter to English physicist [[Michael Faraday]]]


{{Royal Navy Arctic exploration}}
<!-- Metadata: see [[Wikipedia:Persondata]] -->
{{Polar exploration|state=collapsed}}
{{Persondata

|NAME = Hoppner, Henry Parkyns
{{Authority control}}
|ALTERNATIVE NAMES = Hoppner, Henry Parkyn;<br />Hoppner, Henry Parkins
|SHORT DESCRIPTION = Arctic explorer
|DATE OF BIRTH = 1795
|PLACE OF BIRTH = [[London]]
|DATE OF DEATH = [[1833-12-22]]
|PLACE OF DEATH = [[Lisbon]]
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}}


{{DEFAULTSORT:Hoppner, Henry Parkyns}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Hoppner, Henry Parkyns}}
[[Category:1795 births]]
[[Category:1795 births]]
[[Category:1833 deaths]]
[[Category:1833 deaths]]
[[Category:People from London]]
[[Category:English people of German descent]]
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[[Category:Royal Navy officers]]
[[Category:Explorers of the Arctic]]
[[Category:Explorers of the Arctic]]
[[Category:British naval personnel of the Napoleonic Wars]]
[[Category:Military personnel from London]]
[[Category:British naval personnel of the War of 1812]]
[[Category:Royal Navy officers]]
[[Category:Royal Navy personnel of the Napoleonic Wars]]
[[Category:Royal Navy personnel of the War of 1812]]
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[[Category:Royal Navy captains]]

Latest revision as of 20:47, 31 December 2023

Henry Parkyns Hoppner
Born1795
London
Died22 December 1833(1833-12-22) (aged 37–38)
Lisbon
Allegiance United Kingdom
Service/branchRoyal Navy
RankCaptain
Commands heldHMS Fury
Battles/warsNapoleonic Wars,
War of 1812
RelationsFather, portraitist John Hoppner,
Mother, Phoebe Wright, daughter of American sculptor Patience Lovell Wright

Captain Henry Parkyns Hoppner (1795 – 22 December 1833) was an officer of the Royal Navy, Arctic explorer, draughtsman[1] and artist. His career included two ill-fated voyages culminating in the loss of HMS Alceste in 1816 and HMS Fury in 1825.

Early years

[edit]

Born in London, Hoppner was the fourth child of English portraitist John Hoppner and Phoebe Wright (1761–1827), daughter of American sculptor Patience Lovell Wright.[2] Not much is known of his younger sibling. There were three older brothers whom the father painted in the 1791 oil on canvas, The Hoppner Children, a part of the National Gallery of Art's Widener collection:[3][4]

Career

[edit]

Hoppner joined the Royal Navy in 1808, and served during the Napoleonic Wars and the War of 1812. His first shipboard experience was on HMS Endymion when she was ordered to Corruna. In 1815, he was commissioned as a junior lieutenant. The following year, he served aboard the ill-fated Alceste under Capt. Murray Maxwell, escorting Lord Amherst to China on a diplomatic mission to the Jiaqing Emperor. With the Alceste shipwrecked, Hoppner switched to the East Indiaman Lion in order to assist his shipwrecked comrades.[6][5]

In 1818, Lieutenant Hoppner served on the Alexander as second in command under Lieutenant William Edward Parry[7] during Captain John Ross' British Naval Northwest Passage Expedition of 1818, who commanded HMS Isabella.[8] Hoppner participated in three additional Arctic voyages under Parry's command:

  • Parry's First Arctic Expedition, 1819–1820, subordinate lieutenant,[9] on board HMS Griper[10] under Lt. Matthew Liddon,[11] while Parry commanded HMS Hecla.
  • Parry's Second Arctic Expedition, 1821–1823, lieutenant, on board the Hecla, under Commander George Francis Lyon, while Parry commanded the Fury.[12] Having surveyed an arm of the Foxe Basin's Lyon Inlet on the Melville Peninsula, Hoppner Inlet was named in his honour by Parry.[13]
  • Parry's Third Arctic Expedition, 1824-1825: While Parry commanded the Hecla, Hoppner, having attained the rank of Commander,[14] served as second in command of the expedition and commanded the Fury.[6] Hoppner's two lieutenants were Horatio Thomas Austin and James Clark Ross.[15] Suffering from ice damage while overwintering, the ship's stores were unloaded onto the ice, and the Fury was abandoned on 25 August 1825 at Fury Beach on Somerset Island. Upon returning to England, the requisite court martial found Hoppner "no blame whatever",[13] and in December, he was promoted to the rank of Commander. Over the next few decades, the Fury's abandoned provisions came to the rescue of many Arctic explorers, including that of (now Admiral) John Ross.[16]

Hoppner's artistic and creative talents were useful during these voyages. His illustrations were published with the expedition narratives of John Ross[17] and Parry. In addition, Hoppner participated for two seasons in the Royal Arctic Theatre, established by Parry to relieve boredom during the long Arctic winters. Hoppner is also credited with organizing bals masqués, masquerade balls held each month while overwintering in the Arctic.[18] Regarding the masquerades, Parry remarked, "It is impossible that any other idea could have proved more happy, or more exactly suited to our situation."[19]

Later years

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Ill-health kept him from accompanying Parry in 1827 during his attempt on the North Pole. Hoppner's request to accompany Admiral Ross in 1829 was rejected.

Hoppner never married. On 22 December 1833, he died in Lisbon during a trip through southern Europe.

Honours

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Several Canadian landforms were named in his honour, including:[20][21]

References

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  1. ^ Barrow 1846, p. 24.
  2. ^ Halpenny & Holland 1966, pp. 229–230.
  3. ^ Hayes 1992, pp. 130–131.
  4. ^ "Descendants List For Adam Wright and Mary Dennis". footprints.org. Archived from the original on 5 July 2003. Retrieved 2 October 2008.
  5. ^ a b Urban 1834, p. 445.
  6. ^ a b Brenton 1837, p. 573.
  7. ^ Halpenny & Holland 1966, p. 329.
  8. ^ "ISABELLA, Hired sloop". ageofnelson.org. Retrieved 3 October 2008.
  9. ^ Barrow 1846, p. 78.
  10. ^ "GRIPER". ageofnelson.org. Retrieved 2 October 2008.
  11. ^ Taylor 1898, p. 173.
  12. ^ Brown 2011.
  13. ^ a b Halpenny & Holland 1966, p. 330.
  14. ^ Barrow 1846, p. 234.
  15. ^ "Parry's Third Expedition, 1824 Roster". arcticwebsite.com. Retrieved 2 October 2008.
  16. ^ "Fury beach, Somerset Island, North West Passage, Nunavut, Canada". Royal Geographical Society. Retrieved 3 October 2008.
  17. ^ Ross 1819.
  18. ^ Ross 1994, p. 89.
  19. ^ Barrow 1846, p. 247.
  20. ^ Anon 1910, p. 44.
  21. ^ Taylor 1898, p. 149.
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