1792–93 United States Senate elections: Difference between revisions
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| next_election = 1794–95 United States Senate elections |
| next_election = 1794–95 United States Senate elections |
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| next_year = {{Nowrap|1794 & 1795}} |
| next_year = {{Nowrap|1794 & 1795}} |
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| seats_for_election = 10 of the 30 seats in the [[United States Senate]]<br/>(as well as special elections) |
| seats_for_election = 10 of the 30 seats in the [[United States Senate]]<br />(as well as special elections) |
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| majority_seats = 16 |
| majority_seats = 16 |
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| election_date = Dates vary by state |
| election_date = Dates vary by state |
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| Line 31: | Line 31: | ||
| 2data2 = 5 |
| 2data2 = 5 |
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| title = Majority Faction |
| title = Majority Faction |
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| before_election = |
| before_election = |
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| before_party = Pro-Administration Party |
| before_party = Pro-Administration Party |
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| after_election = |
| after_election = |
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| after_party = Pro-Administration Party |
| after_party = Pro-Administration Party |
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| map_image = File:1792senatemap.svg |
| map_image = File:1792senatemap.svg |
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| map_caption = '''Results:'''<br/>{{Legend0|#bff3bf|Pro-Administration hold}} {{legend0|#008100|Pro-Administration gain}}<br/>{{Legend0|#c9f38c|Anti-Administration hold}} {{legend0|#92e811|Anti-Administration gain}} |
| map_caption = '''Results:'''<br />{{Legend0|#bff3bf|Pro-Administration hold}} {{legend0|#008100|Pro-Administration gain}}<br />{{Legend0|#c9f38c|Anti-Administration hold}} {{legend0|#92e811|Anti-Administration gain}} |
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}} |
}} |
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The '''1792–93 United States Senate elections''' were |
The '''1792–93 United States Senate elections''' were held on various dates in various states, coinciding with President [[George Washington]]'s [[1792 United States presidential election|unanimous re-election]]. As these [[United States Senate|U.S. Senate]] elections were prior to the ratification of the [[Seventeenth Amendment to the United States Constitution|Seventeenth Amendment]] in 1913, senators were chosen by [[State legislature (United States)|state legislatures]]. Senators were elected over a wide range of time throughout 1792 and 1793, and a seat may have been filled months late or remained vacant due to [[Gridlock (politics)|legislative deadlock]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.archives.gov/milestone-documents/17th-amendment|title=17th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution: Direct Election of U.S. Senators (1913)|website=National Archives and Records Administration|date=February 8, 2022}}</ref> In these elections, terms were up for the ten senators in [[Classes of United States senators|Class 2]]. |
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Formal organized political parties had yet to form in the United States, but two political factions were present: The coalition of Senators who supported George Washington's administration were known as the Pro-Administration Party, and the Senators against him as the [[Anti-Administration Party (United States)|Anti-Administration Party |
Formal organized political parties had yet to form in the United States, but two political factions were present: The coalition of Senators who supported George Washington's administration were known as the Pro-Administration Party, and the Senators against him as the [[Anti-Administration Party (United States)|Anti-Administration Party]]. |
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== Results summary == |
== Results summary == |
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Senate party division, [[3rd United States Congress|3rd Congress]] (1793–1795) |
Senate party division, [[3rd United States Congress|3rd Congress]] (1793–1795) |
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* Majority party: Pro-Administration Party (16) |
* Majority party: Pro-Administration Party (16) |
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* Minority party: Anti-Administration Party (13) |
* Minority party: Anti-Administration Party (13) |
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| Line 59: | Line 58: | ||
After the June 1792 admission of Kentucky. |
After the June 1792 admission of Kentucky. |
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{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; |
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;" |
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|- |
|- |
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| Line 70: | Line 69: | ||
|- |
|- |
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| width=10% {{party shading/Anti-Administration}} | A{{Sub|6}} |
| width=10% {{party shading/Anti-Administration}} | A{{Sub|6}} |
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| width=10% {{party shading/Anti-Administration/active}} | A{{Sub|7}}<br/>{{Small|[[#Georgia|Ga.]]}}<br/>{{Small|Ran}} |
| width=10% {{party shading/Anti-Administration/active}} | A{{Sub|7}}<br />{{Small|[[#Georgia|Ga.]]}}<br />{{Small|Ran}} |
||
| width=10% {{party shading/Anti-Administration/active}} | A{{Sub|8}}<br/>{{Small|[[#Kentucky|Ky.]]}}<br/>{{Small|Ran}} |
| width=10% {{party shading/Anti-Administration/active}} | A{{Sub|8}}<br />{{Small|[[#Kentucky|Ky.]]}}<br />{{Small|Ran}} |
||
| width=10% {{party shading/Anti-Administration/active}} | A{{Sub|9}}<br/>{{Small|[[#New Hampshire|N.H.]]}}<br/>{{Small|Ran}} |
| width=10% {{party shading/Anti-Administration/active}} | A{{Sub|9}}<br />{{Small|[[#New Hampshire|N.H.]]}}<br />{{Small|Ran}} |
||
| width=10% {{party shading/Anti-Administration/active}} | A{{Sub|10}}<br/>{{Small|[[#Rhode Island|R.I.]]}}<br/>{{Small|Unknown}} |
| width=10% {{party shading/Anti-Administration/active}} | A{{Sub|10}}<br />{{Small|[[#Rhode Island|R.I.]]}}<br />{{Small|Unknown}} |
||
| width=10% {{party shading/Anti-Administration/active}} | A{{Sub|11}}<br/>{{Small|[[#South Carolina|S.C.]]}}<br/>{{Small|Ran}} |
| width=10% {{party shading/Anti-Administration/active}} | A{{Sub|11}}<br />{{Small|[[#South Carolina|S.C.]]}}<br />{{Small|Ran}} |
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| width=10% {{party shading/Anti-Administration/active}} | A{{Sub|12}}<br/>{{Small|[[#Virginia|Va.]]}}<br/>{{Small|Resigned/Ran}} |
| width=10% {{party shading/Anti-Administration/active}} | A{{Sub|12}}<br />{{Small|[[#Virginia|Va.]]}}<br />{{Small|Resigned/Ran}} |
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| width=10% {{party shading/Vacant}} | V{{Sub|1}}<br/>{{Small|[[#Pennsylvania (Special)|Pa.]]}} |
| width=10% {{party shading/Vacant}} | V{{Sub|1}}<br />{{Small|[[#Pennsylvania (Special)|Pa.]]}} |
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| width=10% {{party shading/Pro-Administration/active}} | P{{Sub|15}}<br/>{{Small|[[#North Carolina|N.C.]]}}<br/>{{Small|Ran}} |
| width=10% {{party shading/Pro-Administration/active}} | P{{Sub|15}}<br />{{Small|[[#North Carolina|N.C.]]}}<br />{{Small|Ran}} |
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| rowspan=2 width=10% {{party shading/Pro-Administration/active}} | P{{Sub|17}}<br/>{{Small|[[#New Jersey|N.J.]]}}<br/>{{Small|Retired}} |
| rowspan=2 width=10% {{party shading/Pro-Administration/active}} | P{{Sub|17}}<br />{{Small|[[#New Jersey|N.J.]]}}<br />{{Small|Retired}} |
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|- |
|- |
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| Line 91: | Line 90: | ||
| {{party shading/Pro-Administration}} | P{{Sub|11}} |
| {{party shading/Pro-Administration}} | P{{Sub|11}} |
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| {{party shading/Pro-Administration}} | P{{Sub|12}} |
| {{party shading/Pro-Administration}} | P{{Sub|12}} |
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| {{party shading/Pro-Administration/active}} | P{{Sub|16}}<br/>{{Small|[[#Delaware|Del.]]}}<br/>{{Small|Unknown}} |
| {{party shading/Pro-Administration/active}} | P{{Sub|16}}<br />{{Small|[[#Delaware|Del.]]}}<br />{{Small|Unknown}} |
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| {{party shading/Pro-Administration/active}} | P{{Sub|13}}<br/>{{Small|[[#Maryland (Special)|{{Abbr|Md. (sp)|Maryland (Special)}}]]}}<br/>{{Small|Resigned}} |
| {{party shading/Pro-Administration/active}} | P{{Sub|13}}<br />{{Small|[[#Maryland (Special)|{{Abbr|Md. (sp)|Maryland (Special)}}]]}}<br />{{Small|Resigned}} |
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| {{party shading/Pro-Administration/active}} | P{{Sub|14}}<br/>{{Small|[[#Massachusetts|Mass.]]}}<br/>{{Small|Ran}} |
| {{party shading/Pro-Administration/active}} | P{{Sub|14}}<br />{{Small|[[#Massachusetts|Mass.]]}}<br />{{Small|Ran}} |
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|- |
|- |
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| Line 106: | Line 105: | ||
=== Results of the election === |
=== Results of the election === |
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{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; |
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;" |
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|- |
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| Line 117: | Line 116: | ||
|- |
|- |
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| width=10% {{party shading/Anti-Administration}} | A{{sub|6}} |
| width=10% {{party shading/Anti-Administration}} | A{{sub|6}} |
||
| width=10% {{party shading/Anti-Administration/active}} | A{{sub|7}}<br/>{{Small|[[#Georgia|Ga.]]}}<br/>{{Small|Hold}} |
| width=10% {{party shading/Anti-Administration/active}} | A{{sub|7}}<br />{{Small|[[#Georgia|Ga.]]}}<br />{{Small|Hold}} |
||
| width=10% {{party shading/Anti-Administration/active}} | A{{sub|8}}<br/>{{Small|[[#Kentucky|Ky.]]}}<br/>{{Small|Re-elected}} |
| width=10% {{party shading/Anti-Administration/active}} | A{{sub|8}}<br />{{Small|[[#Kentucky|Ky.]]}}<br />{{Small|Re-elected}} |
||
| width=10% {{party shading/Anti-Administration/active}} | A{{sub|9}}<br/>{{Small|[[#North Carolina|N.C.]]}}<br/>{{Small|Gain}} |
| width=10% {{party shading/Anti-Administration/active}} | A{{sub|9}}<br />{{Small|[[#North Carolina|N.C.]]}}<br />{{Small|Gain}} |
||
| width=10% {{party shading/Anti-Administration/active}} | A{{sub|10}}<br/>{{Small|[[#South Carolina|S.C.]]}}<br/>{{Small|Re-elected}} |
| width=10% {{party shading/Anti-Administration/active}} | A{{sub|10}}<br />{{Small|[[#South Carolina|S.C.]]}}<br />{{Small|Re-elected}} |
||
| width=10% {{party shading/Anti-Administration/active}} | A{{sub|11}}<br/>{{Small|[[#Virginia|Va.]]}}<br/>{{Small|Ran/Re-elected}} |
| width=10% {{party shading/Anti-Administration/active}} | A{{sub|11}}<br />{{Small|[[#Virginia|Va.]]}}<br />{{Small|Ran/Re-elected}} |
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| width=10% {{party shading/Vacant}} | V{{sub|1}}<br/>{{Small|[[#Pennsylvania (Special)|Pa.]]}} |
| width=10% {{party shading/Vacant}} | V{{sub|1}}<br />{{Small|[[#Pennsylvania (Special)|Pa.]]}} |
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| width=10% {{party shading/Pro-Administration/active}} | P{{sub|18}}<br/>{{Small|[[#Rhode Island|R.I.]]}}<br/>{{Small|Gain}} |
| width=10% {{party shading/Pro-Administration/active}} | P{{sub|18}}<br />{{Small|[[#Rhode Island|R.I.]]}}<br />{{Small|Gain}} |
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| width=10% {{party shading/Pro-Administration/active}} | P{{sub|16}}<br/>{{Small|[[#New Jersey|N.J.]]}}<br/>{{Small|Hold}} |
| width=10% {{party shading/Pro-Administration/active}} | P{{sub|16}}<br />{{Small|[[#New Jersey|N.J.]]}}<br />{{Small|Hold}} |
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| rowspan=2 width=10% {{party shading/Pro-Administration/active}} | P{{sub|17}}<br/>{{Small|[[#New Hampshire|N.H.]]}}<br/>{{Small|Gain}} |
| rowspan=2 width=10% {{party shading/Pro-Administration/active}} | P{{sub|17}}<br />{{Small|[[#New Hampshire|N.H.]]}}<br />{{Small|Gain}} |
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|- |
|- |
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| Line 138: | Line 137: | ||
| {{party shading/Pro-Administration}} | P{{sub|11}} |
| {{party shading/Pro-Administration}} | P{{sub|11}} |
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| {{party shading/Pro-Administration}} | P{{sub|12}} |
| {{party shading/Pro-Administration}} | P{{sub|12}} |
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| {{party shading/Pro-Administration/active}} | P{{sub|15}}<br/>{{Small|[[#Delaware|Del.]]}}<br/>{{Small|Hold}} |
| {{party shading/Pro-Administration/active}} | P{{sub|15}}<br />{{Small|[[#Delaware|Del.]]}}<br />{{Small|Hold}} |
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| {{party shading/Pro-Administration/active}} | P{{Sub|13}}<br/>{{Small|[[#Maryland (Special)|{{Abbr|Md. (sp)|Maryland (Special)}}]]}}<br/>{{Small|Hold}} |
| {{party shading/Pro-Administration/active}} | P{{Sub|13}}<br />{{Small|[[#Maryland (Special)|{{Abbr|Md. (sp)|Maryland (Special)}}]]}}<br />{{Small|Hold}} |
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| {{party shading/Pro-Administration/active}} | P{{sub|14}}<br/>{{Small|[[#Massachusetts|Mass.]]}}<br/>{{Small|Re-elected}} |
| {{party shading/Pro-Administration/active}} | P{{sub|14}}<br />{{Small|[[#Massachusetts|Mass.]]}}<br />{{Small|Re-elected}} |
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| Line 156: | Line 155: | ||
The vacant seat in [[#Pennsylvania (Special)|Pennsylvania]] was filled February 28, 1793 by an Anti-Administration senator. |
The vacant seat in [[#Pennsylvania (Special)|Pennsylvania]] was filled February 28, 1793 by an Anti-Administration senator. |
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{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; |
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;" |
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| Line 172: | Line 171: | ||
| width=10% {{party shading/Anti-Administration}} | A{{Sub|10}} |
| width=10% {{party shading/Anti-Administration}} | A{{Sub|10}} |
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| width=10% {{party shading/Anti-Administration}} | A{{Sub|11}} |
| width=10% {{party shading/Anti-Administration}} | A{{Sub|11}} |
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| width=10% {{party shading/Anti-Administration/active}} | A{{Sub|12}}<br/>{{Small|[[John Langdon (politician)|N.H. (cl. 1)]]}}<br/>{{Small|Changed}} |
| width=10% {{party shading/Anti-Administration/active}} | A{{Sub|12}}<br />{{Small|[[John Langdon (politician)|N.H. (cl. 1)]]}}<br />{{Small|Changed}} |
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| width=10% {{party shading/Anti-Administration/active}} | A{{Sub|13}}<br/>{{Small|[[Benjamin Hawkins|N.C. (cl. 3)]]}}<br/>{{Small|Changed}} |
| width=10% {{party shading/Anti-Administration/active}} | A{{Sub|13}}<br />{{Small|[[Benjamin Hawkins|N.C. (cl. 3)]]}}<br />{{Small|Changed}} |
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| width=10% {{party shading/Anti-Administration/active}} | A{{Sub|14}}<br/>{{Small|[[#Pennsylvania (Special)|Pa.]]}}<br/>{{Small|Late}} |
| width=10% {{party shading/Anti-Administration/active}} | A{{Sub|14}}<br />{{Small|[[#Pennsylvania (Special)|Pa.]]}}<br />{{Small|Late}} |
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| rowspan=2 width=10% {{party shading/Pro-Administration}} | P{{Sub|16}} |
| rowspan=2 width=10% {{party shading/Pro-Administration}} | P{{Sub|16}} |
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| Line 235: | Line 234: | ||
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! [[#Kentucky|Kentucky]]<br/>(Class 2) |
! [[#Kentucky|Kentucky]]<br />(Class 2) |
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| colspan=3 | New seat |
| colspan=3 | New seat |
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| {{Party shading/Anti-Administration}} | Kentucky was admitted to the Union June 1, 1792.<br/>Winner [[1792 United States Senate elections in Kentucky|elected]] '''June 18, 1792'''.<br/>'''Anti-Administration gain'''. |
| {{Party shading/Anti-Administration}} | Kentucky was admitted to the Union June 1, 1792.<br />Winner [[1792 United States Senate elections in Kentucky|elected]] '''June 18, 1792'''.<br />'''Anti-Administration gain'''. |
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| nowrap | {{Plainlist| |
| nowrap | {{Plainlist| |
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* {{Party stripe|Anti-Administration Party (US)}}'''{{Aye}} [[John Brown (Kentucky politician, born 1757)|John Brown]]''' (Anti-Administration): 100% |
* {{Party stripe|Anti-Administration Party (US)}}'''{{Aye}} [[John Brown (Kentucky politician, born 1757)|John Brown]]''' (Anti-Administration): 100% |
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| Line 244: | Line 243: | ||
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|- |
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! [[#Kentucky|Kentucky]]<br/>(Class 3) |
! [[#Kentucky|Kentucky]]<br />(Class 3) |
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| colspan=3 | New seat |
| colspan=3 | New seat |
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| {{Party shading/Anti-Administration}} | Kentucky was admitted to the Union June 1, 1792.<br/>Winner [[1792 United States Senate elections in Kentucky|elected]] '''June 18, 1792'''.<br/>'''Anti-Administration gain'''. |
| {{Party shading/Anti-Administration}} | Kentucky was admitted to the Union June 1, 1792.<br />Winner [[1792 United States Senate elections in Kentucky|elected]] '''June 18, 1792'''.<br />'''Anti-Administration gain'''. |
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| nowrap | {{Plainlist| |
| nowrap | {{Plainlist| |
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* {{Party stripe|Anti-Administration Party (US)}}'''{{Aye}} [[John Edwards (Kentucky)|John Edwards]]''' (Anti-Administration) |
* {{Party stripe|Anti-Administration Party (US)}}'''{{Aye}} [[John Edwards (Kentucky)|John Edwards]]''' (Anti-Administration) |
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| Line 253: | Line 252: | ||
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! [[#Virginia (Special)|Virginia]]<br/>(Class 2) |
! [[#Virginia (Special)|Virginia]]<br />(Class 2) |
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| [[Richard Henry Lee]] |
| [[Richard Henry Lee]] |
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| {{Party shading/Anti-Administration}} | Anti-Administration |
| {{Party shading/Anti-Administration}} | Anti-Administration |
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| [[1788 United States Senate elections in Virginia|1788]] |
| [[1788 United States Senate elections in Virginia|1788]] |
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| {{Party shading/Hold}} | Incumbent resigned October 8, 1792.<br/>Winner [[1792 United States Senate special election in Virginia|elected]] '''October 18, 1792'''.<br/>Anti-Administration hold. |
| {{Party shading/Hold}} | Incumbent resigned October 8, 1792.<br />Winner [[1792 United States Senate special election in Virginia|elected]] '''October 18, 1792'''.<br />Anti-Administration hold. |
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| nowrap | {{Plainlist| |
| nowrap | {{Plainlist| |
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* {{Party stripe|Anti-Administration Party (US)}}'''{{Aye}} [[John Taylor of Caroline|John Taylor]]''' (Anti-Administration) 90 |
* {{Party stripe|Anti-Administration Party (US)}}'''{{Aye}} [[John Taylor of Caroline|John Taylor]]''' (Anti-Administration) 90 |
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| Line 265: | Line 264: | ||
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|- |
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! [[#Maryland (Special)|Maryland]]<br/>(Class 1) |
! [[#Maryland (Special)|Maryland]]<br />(Class 1) |
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| [[Charles Carroll of Carrollton|Charles Carroll]] |
| [[Charles Carroll of Carrollton|Charles Carroll]] |
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| {{Party shading/Pro-Administration}} | Pro-Administration |
| {{Party shading/Pro-Administration}} | Pro-Administration |
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| [[1788 United States Senate elections in Maryland|1788]] |
| [[1788 United States Senate elections in Maryland|1788]] |
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| {{Party shading/Hold}} | Incumbent resigned November 30, 1792.<br/>Winner [[1793 United States Senate special election in Maryland|elected]] '''January 10, 1793'''.<br/>Pro-Administration hold. |
| {{Party shading/Hold}} | Incumbent resigned November 30, 1792.<br />Winner [[1793 United States Senate special election in Maryland|elected]] '''January 10, 1793'''.<br />Pro-Administration hold. |
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| nowrap | {{Plainlist| |
| nowrap | {{Plainlist| |
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* {{Party stripe|Pro-Administration Party (US)}}'''{{Aye}} [[Richard Potts]]''' (Pro-Administration) |
* {{Party stripe|Pro-Administration Party (US)}}'''{{Aye}} [[Richard Potts]]''' (Pro-Administration) |
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| Line 276: | Line 275: | ||
|- |
|- |
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! [[#Pennsylvania (Special)|Pennsylvania]]<br/>(Class 1) |
! [[#Pennsylvania (Special)|Pennsylvania]]<br />(Class 1) |
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| colspan=3 | Vacant |
| colspan=3 | Vacant |
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| {{Party shading/Anti-Administration}} | Legislature had failed to elect in |
| {{Party shading/Anti-Administration}} | Legislature had failed to elect in 1791–1792, leaving the seat vacant.<br />Winner [[1793 United States Senate special election in Pennsylvania|elected]] '''February 28, 1793'''.<br />'''Anti-Administration gain'''. |
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| nowrap | {{Plainlist| |
| nowrap | {{Plainlist| |
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* {{Party stripe|Anti-Administration Party (US)}}'''{{Aye}} [[Albert Gallatin]]''' (Anti-Administration) 45 |
* {{Party stripe|Anti-Administration Party (US)}}'''{{Aye}} [[Albert Gallatin]]''' (Anti-Administration) 45 |
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| Line 310: | Line 309: | ||
| {{Party shading/Pro-Administration}} | Pro-Administration |
| {{Party shading/Pro-Administration}} | Pro-Administration |
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| [[1788 United States Senate elections in Delaware|1788]] |
| [[1788 United States Senate elections in Delaware|1788]] |
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| {{Party shading/Hold}} | Unknown if incumbent retired or lost re-election.<br/>Winner [[1793 United States Senate election in Delaware|elected]] in 1793.<br/>Pro-Administration hold. |
| {{Party shading/Hold}} | Unknown if incumbent retired or lost re-election.<br />Winner [[1793 United States Senate election in Delaware|elected]] in 1793.<br />Pro-Administration hold. |
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| nowrap | {{Plainlist| |
| nowrap | {{Plainlist| |
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* {{Party stripe|Pro-Administration Party (US)}}'''{{Aye}} [[John Vining]]''' (Pro-Administration) |
* {{Party stripe|Pro-Administration Party (US)}}'''{{Aye}} [[John Vining]]''' (Pro-Administration) |
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| Line 321: | Line 320: | ||
| {{Party shading/Anti-Administration}} | Anti-Administration |
| {{Party shading/Anti-Administration}} | Anti-Administration |
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| [[1789 United States Senate elections in Georgia|1789]] |
| [[1789 United States Senate elections in Georgia|1789]] |
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| {{Party shading/Hold}} | Incumbent lost re-election.<br/>Winner [[1793 United States Senate election in Georgia|elected]] in 1793.<br/>Anti-Administration hold. |
| {{Party shading/Hold}} | Incumbent lost re-election.<br />Winner [[1793 United States Senate election in Georgia|elected]] in 1793.<br />Anti-Administration hold. |
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| nowrap | {{Plainlist| |
| nowrap | {{Plainlist| |
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* {{Party stripe|Anti-Administration Party (US)}}'''{{Aye}} [[James Jackson (Georgia politician)|James Jackson]]''' (Anti-Administration) 35 |
* {{Party stripe|Anti-Administration Party (US)}}'''{{Aye}} [[James Jackson (Georgia politician)|James Jackson]]''' (Anti-Administration) 35 |
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| Line 331: | Line 330: | ||
| [[John Brown (Kentucky politician, born 1757)|John Brown]] |
| [[John Brown (Kentucky politician, born 1757)|John Brown]] |
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| {{Party shading/Anti-Administration}} | Anti-Administration |
| {{Party shading/Anti-Administration}} | Anti-Administration |
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| [[1792 United States Senate elections in Kentucky|1792{{Small| ( |
| [[1792 United States Senate elections in Kentucky|1792{{Small| (new state)}}]] |
||
| Incumbent [[1792 United States Senate elections in Kentucky|re-elected]] December 11, 1792. |
| Incumbent [[1792 United States Senate elections in Kentucky|re-elected]] December 11, 1792. |
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| nowrap | {{Plainlist| |
| nowrap | {{Plainlist| |
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| Line 354: | Line 353: | ||
| {{Party shading/Anti-Administration}} | Anti-Administration |
| {{Party shading/Anti-Administration}} | Anti-Administration |
||
| [[1788 United States Senate elections in New Hampshire|1788]] |
| [[1788 United States Senate elections in New Hampshire|1788]] |
||
| {{Party shading/Pro-Administration}} | Incumbent lost re-election.<br/>Winner [[1792 United States Senate election in New Hampshire|elected]] in 1792.<br/>'''Pro-Administration gain'''. |
| {{Party shading/Pro-Administration}} | Incumbent lost re-election.<br />Winner [[1792 United States Senate election in New Hampshire|elected]] in 1792.<br />'''Pro-Administration gain'''. |
||
| nowrap | {{Plainlist| |
| nowrap | {{Plainlist| |
||
* {{Party stripe|Pro-Administration Party (US)}}'''{{Aye}} [[Samuel Livermore]]''' (Pro-Administration) 52 |
* {{Party stripe|Pro-Administration Party (US)}}'''{{Aye}} [[Samuel Livermore]]''' (Pro-Administration) 52 |
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| Line 366: | Line 365: | ||
| [[Philemon Dickinson]] |
| [[Philemon Dickinson]] |
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| {{Party shading/Pro-Administration}} | Pro-Administration |
| {{Party shading/Pro-Administration}} | Pro-Administration |
||
| [[1790 United States Senate special election in New Jersey|1790{{Small| ( |
| [[1790 United States Senate special election in New Jersey|1790{{Small| (special)}}]] |
||
| {{Party shading/Hold}} | Incumbent retired.<br/>Winner's election date unknown.<br/>Pro-Administration hold. |
| {{Party shading/Hold}} | Incumbent retired.<br />Winner's election date unknown.<br />Pro-Administration hold. |
||
| nowrap | {{Plainlist| |
| nowrap | {{Plainlist| |
||
* {{Party stripe|Pro-Administration Party (US)}}'''{{Aye}} [[Frederick Frelinghuysen (general)|Frederick Frelinghuysen]]''' (Pro-Administration) |
* {{Party stripe|Pro-Administration Party (US)}}'''{{Aye}} [[Frederick Frelinghuysen (general)|Frederick Frelinghuysen]]''' (Pro-Administration) |
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| Line 378: | Line 377: | ||
| {{Party shading/Pro-Administration}} | Pro-Administration |
| {{Party shading/Pro-Administration}} | Pro-Administration |
||
| [[1789 United States Senate elections in North Carolina|1789]] |
| [[1789 United States Senate elections in North Carolina|1789]] |
||
| {{Party shading/Anti-Administration}} | Incumbent lost re-election.<br/>Winner [[1792 United States Senate election in North Carolina|elected]] in 1792.<ref>{{Cite web |title=North Carolina 1792 U.S. Senate |url=https://elections.lib.tufts.edu/catalog/tufts:nc.ussenator1.1792 |access-date=January 24, 2018 |series=A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825 |publisher=[[Tufts University]] Digital Collections and Archives}} (referencing Legislative Papers. State Archives of North Carolina, Raleigh.; Legislative Papers 1792 Box 119. State Archives of North Carolina, Raleigh.)</ref><br/>'''Anti-Administration gain'''. |
| {{Party shading/Anti-Administration}} | Incumbent lost re-election.<br />Winner [[1792 United States Senate election in North Carolina|elected]] in 1792.<ref>{{Cite web |title=North Carolina 1792 U.S. Senate |url=https://elections.lib.tufts.edu/catalog/tufts:nc.ussenator1.1792 |access-date=January 24, 2018 |series=A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825 |publisher=[[Tufts University]] Digital Collections and Archives}} (referencing Legislative Papers. State Archives of North Carolina, Raleigh.; Legislative Papers 1792 Box 119. State Archives of North Carolina, Raleigh.)</ref><br />'''Anti-Administration gain'''. |
||
| nowrap | {{Plainlist| |
| nowrap | {{Plainlist| |
||
* {{Party stripe|Anti-Administration Party (US)}}'''{{Aye}} [[Alexander Martin]]''' (Anti-Administration) 42 |
* {{Party stripe|Anti-Administration Party (US)}}'''{{Aye}} [[Alexander Martin]]''' (Anti-Administration) 42 |
||
| Line 397: | Line 396: | ||
| {{Party shading/Anti-Administration}} | Anti-Administration |
| {{Party shading/Anti-Administration}} | Anti-Administration |
||
| [[1790 United States Senate elections in Rhode Island|1790]] |
| [[1790 United States Senate elections in Rhode Island|1790]] |
||
| {{Party shading/Pro-Administration}} | Unknown if incumbent retired or lost re-election.<br/>Winner [[1793 United States Senate election in Rhode Island|elected]] in 1793.<br/>'''Pro-Administration gain'''. |
| {{Party shading/Pro-Administration}} | Unknown if incumbent retired or lost re-election.<br />Winner [[1793 United States Senate election in Rhode Island|elected]] in 1793.<br />'''Pro-Administration gain'''. |
||
| nowrap | {{Plainlist| |
| nowrap | {{Plainlist| |
||
* {{Party stripe|Pro-Administration Party (US)}}'''{{Aye}} [[William Bradford (Rhode Island)|William Bradford]]''' (Pro-Administration) |
* {{Party stripe|Pro-Administration Party (US)}}'''{{Aye}} [[William Bradford (Rhode Island)|William Bradford]]''' (Pro-Administration) |
||
| Line 424: | Line 423: | ||
| [[John Taylor of Caroline|John Taylor]] |
| [[John Taylor of Caroline|John Taylor]] |
||
| {{Party shading/Anti-Administration}} | Anti-Administration |
| {{Party shading/Anti-Administration}} | Anti-Administration |
||
| [[1792 United States Senate special election in Virginia|1792{{Small| ( |
| [[1792 United States Senate special election in Virginia|1792{{Small| (special)}}]] |
||
| Incumbent [[1793 United States Senate election in Virginia|re-elected]] in 1793. |
| Incumbent [[1793 United States Senate election in Virginia|re-elected]] in 1793. |
||
| nowrap | {{Plainlist| |
| nowrap | {{Plainlist| |
||
| Line 449: | Line 448: | ||
|- |
|- |
||
! [[#Connecticut (Special)|Connecticut]]<br/>(Class 3) |
! [[#Connecticut (Special)|Connecticut]]<br />(Class 3) |
||
| [[Roger Sherman]] |
| [[Roger Sherman]] |
||
| {{Party shading/Pro-Administration}} | Pro-Administration |
| {{Party shading/Pro-Administration}} | Pro-Administration |
||
| [[1791 United States Senate special election in Connecticut|1791{{Small| ( |
| [[1791 United States Senate special election in Connecticut|1791{{Small| (special)}}]] |
||
| {{Party shading/Hold}} | Incumbent died July 23, 1793.<br/>Winner [[1793 United States Senate special election in Connecticut|elected]] '''December 2, 1793'''.<br/>Pro-Administration hold. |
| {{Party shading/Hold}} | Incumbent died July 23, 1793.<br />Winner [[1793 United States Senate special election in Connecticut|elected]] '''December 2, 1793'''.<br />Pro-Administration hold. |
||
| nowrap | {{Plainlist| |
| nowrap | {{Plainlist| |
||
* {{Party stripe|Pro-Administration Party (US)}}'''{{Aye}} [[Stephen Mix Mitchell|Stephen Mitchell]]''' (Pro-Administration) |
* {{Party stripe|Pro-Administration Party (US)}}'''{{Aye}} [[Stephen Mix Mitchell|Stephen Mitchell]]''' (Pro-Administration) |
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| Line 461: | Line 460: | ||
|} |
|} |
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== Connecticut ( |
== Connecticut (special) == |
||
<!--{{Main|1793 United States Senate special election in Connecticut}}--> |
<!--{{Main|1793 United States Senate special election in Connecticut}}--> |
||
{{See also|List of United States senators from Connecticut}} |
{{See also|List of United States senators from Connecticut}} |
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| Line 536: | Line 535: | ||
|} |
|} |
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{{Expand section|date=August 2019}} |
{{Expand section|date=August 2019}} |
||
{{Clear}} |
|||
== Kentucky == |
== Kentucky == |
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| Line 565: | Line 566: | ||
Incumbent [[John Brown (Kentucky politician, born 1757)|John Brown]], who had previously been elected in a special election was easily reelected with no opposition and 100% of votes from the legislators.{{Expand section|date=August 2019}} |
Incumbent [[John Brown (Kentucky politician, born 1757)|John Brown]], who had previously been elected in a special election was easily reelected with no opposition and 100% of votes from the legislators.{{Expand section|date=August 2019}} |
||
{{Clear}} |
|||
| ⚫ | |||
| ⚫ | |||
<!-- {{Main|1793 United States Senate special election in Maryland}} --> |
<!-- {{Main|1793 United States Senate special election in Maryland}} --> |
||
{{See also|List of United States senators from Maryland}} |
{{See also|List of United States senators from Maryland}} |
||
| Line 582: | Line 585: | ||
| party2 = Federalist Party |
| party2 = Federalist Party |
||
| candidate2 = Josh Hoskins Stone |
| candidate2 = Josh Hoskins Stone |
||
| image2 = |
| image2 = |
||
| next_year = 1796 |
| next_year = 1796 |
||
| next_election = 1796 United States Senate special election in Maryland |
| next_election = 1796 United States Senate special election in Maryland |
||
| Line 595: | Line 598: | ||
[[Richard Potts]] won election to fill the seat vacated by [[Charles Carroll of Carrollton|Charles Carroll]] over Josh Hoskins Stone by a margin of 21.84%, or 19 votes, for the Class 1 seat.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=122399|title=Our Campaigns - MD US Senate Race - Dec 06, 1792|access-date=2022-11-04|website=www.ourcampaigns.com}}</ref> |
[[Richard Potts]] won election to fill the seat vacated by [[Charles Carroll of Carrollton|Charles Carroll]] over Josh Hoskins Stone by a margin of 21.84%, or 19 votes, for the Class 1 seat.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=122399|title=Our Campaigns - MD US Senate Race - Dec 06, 1792|access-date=2022-11-04|website=www.ourcampaigns.com}}</ref> |
||
{{Clear}} |
|||
== Massachusetts == |
== Massachusetts == |
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| Line 639: | Line 644: | ||
}} |
}} |
||
Incumbent U.S. Senator [[Paine Wingate]] was not reelected. The [[New Hampshire General Court]] instead elected [[Federalist Party|Federalist]] [[Samuel Livermore]], a U.S. Representative, to the seat. Livermore, like his fellow senator, [[John Langdon (politician)|John Langdon]], would go on to serve as [[President pro tempore of the United States Senate|President Pro-Tempore]] during this term.{{Expand section|date=August 2019}} |
Incumbent U.S. Senator [[Paine Wingate]] was not reelected. The [[New Hampshire General Court]] instead elected [[Federalist Party|Federalist]] [[Samuel Livermore]], a U.S. Representative, to the seat. Livermore, like his fellow senator, [[John Langdon (politician)|John Langdon]], would go on to serve as [[President pro tempore of the United States Senate|President Pro-Tempore]] during this term.{{Expand section|date=August 2019}} |
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{{Clear}} |
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== New Jersey == |
== New Jersey == |
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| Line 651: | Line 658: | ||
Pro-Administration [[Samuel Johnston]] lost re-election to Anti-Administration [[Alexander Martin]] for the class 2 seat. The other senator, [[Benjamin Hawkins]], switched his support from Pro- to Anti-Administration. |
Pro-Administration [[Samuel Johnston]] lost re-election to Anti-Administration [[Alexander Martin]] for the class 2 seat. The other senator, [[Benjamin Hawkins]], switched his support from Pro- to Anti-Administration. |
||
== Pennsylvania ( |
== Pennsylvania (special) == |
||
{{Main|1793 United States Senate special election in Pennsylvania}} |
{{Main|1793 United States Senate special election in Pennsylvania}} |
||
{{See also|List of United States senators from Pennsylvania}} |
{{See also|List of United States senators from Pennsylvania}} |
||
There was a special election on February 28, 1793 for the Class 1 seat from Pennsylvania. Incumbent [[William Maclay (politician)|William Maclay]]'s term had ended on March 3, 1791, but the legislature failed to elect a successor due to a disagreement on the procedure to be followed in the election. |
There was a special election on February 28, 1793, for the Class 1 seat from Pennsylvania. Incumbent [[William Maclay (politician)|William Maclay]]'s term had ended on March 3, 1791, but the legislature failed to elect a successor due to a disagreement on the procedure to be followed in the election. |
||
The seat remained vacant until [[Albert Gallatin]] was elected by the [[Pennsylvania General Assembly]] to the seat during this election.<ref name=Pennsylvania>{{cite web|title=U.S. Senate Election - 28 February 1793|url=http://staffweb.wilkes.edu/harold.cox/sen/PaSen1793.pdf|publisher=Wilkes University|access-date=December 21, 2012}}</ref> |
The seat remained vacant until [[Albert Gallatin]] was elected by the [[Pennsylvania General Assembly]] to the seat during this election.<ref name=Pennsylvania>{{cite web|title=U.S. Senate Election - 28 February 1793|url=http://staffweb.wilkes.edu/harold.cox/sen/PaSen1793.pdf|publisher=Wilkes University|access-date=December 21, 2012}}</ref> |
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Latest revision as of 20:50, 31 December 2023
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10 of the 30 seats in the United States Senate (as well as special elections) 16 seats needed for a majority | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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 Results: Pro-Administration hold Pro-Administration gain Anti-Administration hold Anti-Administration gain | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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The 1792–93 United States Senate elections were held on various dates in various states, coinciding with President George Washington's unanimous re-election. As these U.S. Senate elections were prior to the ratification of the Seventeenth Amendment in 1913, senators were chosen by state legislatures. Senators were elected over a wide range of time throughout 1792 and 1793, and a seat may have been filled months late or remained vacant due to legislative deadlock.[1] In these elections, terms were up for the ten senators in Class 2.
Formal organized political parties had yet to form in the United States, but two political factions were present: The coalition of Senators who supported George Washington's administration were known as the Pro-Administration Party, and the Senators against him as the Anti-Administration Party.
Results summary
[edit]Senate party division, 3rd Congress (1793–1795)
- Majority party: Pro-Administration Party (16)
- Minority party: Anti-Administration Party (13)
- Other parties: 0
- Total seats: 30
- Vacant: 1 (later filled by Pro-Administration)
Change in composition
[edit]Note: There were no political parties in this Congress. Members are informally grouped into factions of similar interest, based on an analysis of their voting record.[2]
Virginia's elections are considered a single race here.
Before the elections
[edit]After the June 1792 admission of Kentucky.
| A5 | A4 | A3 | A2 | A1 | |||||
| A6 | A7 Ga. Ran |
A8 Ky. Ran |
A9 N.H. Ran |
A10 R.I. Unknown |
A11 S.C. Ran |
A12 Va. Resigned/Ran |
V1 Pa. |
P15 N.C. Ran |
P17 N.J. Retired |
| Majority → | |||||||||
| P6 | P7 | P8 | P9 | P10 | P11 | P12 | P16 Del. Unknown |
P13 Md. (sp) Resigned |
P14 Mass. Ran |
| P5 | P4 | P3 | P2 | P1 | |||||
Results of the election
[edit]| A5 | A4 | A3 | A2 | A1 | |||||
| A6 | A7 Ga. Hold |
A8 Ky. Re-elected |
A9 N.C. Gain |
A10 S.C. Re-elected |
A11 Va. Ran/Re-elected |
V1 Pa. |
P18 R.I. Gain |
P16 N.J. Hold |
P17 N.H. Gain |
| Majority → | |||||||||
| P6 | P7 | P8 | P9 | P10 | P11 | P12 | P15 Del. Hold |
P13 Md. (sp) Hold |
P14 Mass. Re-elected |
| P5 | P4 | P3 | P2 | P1 | |||||
Beginning of the next Congress
[edit]Two Pro-Administration senators (Benjamin Hawkins of North Carolina and John Langdon of New Hampshire) changed to Anti-Administration.
The vacant seat in Pennsylvania was filled February 28, 1793 by an Anti-Administration senator.
| A5 | A4 | A3 | A2 | A1 | |||||
| A6 | A7 | A8 | A9 | A10 | A11 | A12 N.H. (cl. 1) Changed |
A13 N.C. (cl. 3) Changed |
A14 Pa. Late |
P16 |
| Majority → | |||||||||
| P6 | P7 | P8 | P9 | P10 | P11 | P12 | P13 | P14 | P15 |
| P5 | P4 | P3 | P2 | P1 | |||||
| Key: |
|
|---|
Race summaries
[edit]Except if/when noted, the number following candidates is the whole number vote(s), not a percentage.
Elections during the 2nd Congress
[edit]In these elections, the winner was seated before March 4, 1793; ordered by election date.
| State | Incumbent | Results | Candidates | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Senator | Party | First elected | |||
| Kentucky (Class 2) |
New seat | Kentucky was admitted to the Union June 1, 1792. Winner elected June 18, 1792. Anti-Administration gain. |
| ||
| Kentucky (Class 3) |
New seat | Kentucky was admitted to the Union June 1, 1792. Winner elected June 18, 1792. Anti-Administration gain. |
| ||
| Virginia (Class 2) |
Richard Henry Lee | Anti-Administration | 1788 | Incumbent resigned October 8, 1792. Winner elected October 18, 1792. Anti-Administration hold. |
|
| Maryland (Class 1) |
Charles Carroll | Pro-Administration | 1788 | Incumbent resigned November 30, 1792. Winner elected January 10, 1793. Pro-Administration hold. |
|
| Pennsylvania (Class 1) |
Vacant | Legislature had failed to elect in 1791–1792, leaving the seat vacant. Winner elected February 28, 1793. Anti-Administration gain. |
| ||
Races leading to the 3rd Congress
[edit]In these regular elections, the winner was seated on March 4, 1793; ordered by state.
All of the elections involved the Class 2 seats.
| State | Incumbent | Results | Candidates | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Senator | Party | First elected | |||
| Delaware | Richard Bassett | Pro-Administration | 1788 | Unknown if incumbent retired or lost re-election. Winner elected in 1793. Pro-Administration hold. |
|
| Georgia | William Few | Anti-Administration | 1789 | Incumbent lost re-election. Winner elected in 1793. Anti-Administration hold. |
|
| Kentucky | John Brown | Anti-Administration | 1792 (new state) | Incumbent re-elected December 11, 1792. |
|
| Massachusetts | Caleb Strong | Pro-Administration | 1788 | Incumbent re-elected in 1793. |
|
| New Hampshire | Paine Wingate | Anti-Administration | 1788 | Incumbent lost re-election. Winner elected in 1792. Pro-Administration gain. |
|
| New Jersey | Philemon Dickinson | Pro-Administration | 1790 (special) | Incumbent retired. Winner's election date unknown. Pro-Administration hold. |
|
| North Carolina | Samuel Johnston | Pro-Administration | 1789 | Incumbent lost re-election. Winner elected in 1792.[9] Anti-Administration gain. |
|
| Rhode Island | Joseph Stanton Jr. | Anti-Administration | 1790 | Unknown if incumbent retired or lost re-election. Winner elected in 1793. Pro-Administration gain. |
|
| South Carolina | Pierce Butler | Anti-Administration | 1789 | Incumbent re-elected December 5, 1792. |
|
| Virginia | John Taylor | Anti-Administration | 1792 (special) | Incumbent re-elected in 1793. |
|
Election in 1793 during the 3rd Congress
[edit]In this special election, the winner was seated after March 4, 1793, the beginning of the next Congress.
| State | Incumbent | Results | Candidates | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Senator | Party | First elected | |||
| Connecticut (Class 3) |
Roger Sherman | Pro-Administration | 1791 (special) | Incumbent died July 23, 1793. Winner elected December 2, 1793. Pro-Administration hold. |
|
Connecticut (special)
[edit]![[icon]](/wiki/File:Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg){kind=small} | This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (August 2019) |
Delaware
[edit] | This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (August 2019) |
Georgia
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One-term Anti-Federalist William Few was defeated by fellow Anti-Federalist, James Jackson. Jackson won 24 votes in the Georgia House of Representatives and 11 in the State Senate for a combined total of 35. Few won 3 in the House and 2 in the Senate for a combined total of 5. Jackson took office as a member of the 3rd United States Congress on March 4, 1793. He would later resign in 1795 to run for his state's legislature.
| Party | Candidate | Votes in the House | Votes in the Senate | Total | % |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Anti-Federalist | James Jackson | 24 | 11 | 35 | 85.4% |
| Anti-Federalist | William Few (incumbent) | 3 | 2 | 5 | 12.2% |
| Anti-Federalist | George Mathews | 1 | - | 1 | 2.4% |
| This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (August 2019) |
Kentucky
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Incumbent John Brown, who had previously been elected in a special election was easily reelected with no opposition and 100% of votes from the legislators.
| This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (August 2019) |
Maryland (special)
[edit] | This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (November 2022) |
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80 members of the Maryland General Assembly | ||||||||||||||||
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_(cropped).jpg)
Richard Potts won election to fill the seat vacated by Charles Carroll over Josh Hoskins Stone by a margin of 21.84%, or 19 votes, for the Class 1 seat.[12]
Massachusetts
[edit] | This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (August 2019) |
New Hampshire
[edit] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Incumbent U.S. Senator Paine Wingate was not reelected. The New Hampshire General Court instead elected Federalist Samuel Livermore, a U.S. Representative, to the seat. Livermore, like his fellow senator, John Langdon, would go on to serve as President Pro-Tempore during this term.
| This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (August 2019) |
New Jersey
[edit] | This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (August 2019) |
North Carolina
[edit] | This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (August 2019) |
Pro-Administration Samuel Johnston lost re-election to Anti-Administration Alexander Martin for the class 2 seat. The other senator, Benjamin Hawkins, switched his support from Pro- to Anti-Administration.
Pennsylvania (special)
[edit]There was a special election on February 28, 1793, for the Class 1 seat from Pennsylvania. Incumbent William Maclay's term had ended on March 3, 1791, but the legislature failed to elect a successor due to a disagreement on the procedure to be followed in the election.
The seat remained vacant until Albert Gallatin was elected by the Pennsylvania General Assembly to the seat during this election.[13]
Upon agreement between the two houses of the Pennsylvania General Assembly, the House of Representatives and the Senate, regarding the procedure to elect a new Senator, an election was finally held on February 28, 1793. The results of the vote of both houses combined are as follows:
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Anti-Administration | Albert Gallatin | 45 | 51.72% | |
| Pro-Administration | Henry Miller | 35 | 40.23% | |
| Pro-Administration | Arthur St. Clair | 1 | 1.15% | |
| Pro-Administration | William Irvine | 1 | 1.15% | |
| N/A | Not voting | 5 | 5.75% | |
| Total votes | 87 | 100% | ||
On February 28, 1794, the Senate determined that Gallatin did not satisfy the citizenship requirement for service and he was removed from office. He later went on to serve in the U.S. House of Representatives. Gallatin was replaced in the Senate by a special election in 1794.[14]
Rhode Island
[edit] | This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (August 2019) |
South Carolina
[edit] | This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (August 2019) |
Virginia
[edit]Anti-Administration senator Richard Henry Lee resigned October 8, 1792, just before the March 3, 1793 end of term. Anti-administration John Taylor of Caroline was elected October 18, 1792 to finish Lee's term and then re-elected in 1793 to the next term.
Special
[edit]| Candidate | Votes | % | |
|---|---|---|---|
| John Taylor of Caroline | 90 | 55.6 | |
| Arthur Lee | 39 | 24.1 | |
| Francis Corbin | 33 | 20.4 | |
Regular
[edit] | This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (August 2019) |
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ "17th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution: Direct Election of U.S. Senators (1913)". National Archives and Records Administration. February 8, 2022.
- ^ Martis, Kenneth C. The Historical Atlas of Political Parties in the United States Congress.
- ^ "A New Nation Votes". elections.lib.tufts.edu. Retrieved 2021-03-10.
- ^ "Virginia 1792 U.S. Senate, Special". A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825. Tufts University Digital Collections and Archives. Retrieved January 24, 2018. (referencing Mattern, David B., J. C. A. Stagg, Jeanne K. Cross and Susan Holbrook Perdue, ed. The Papers of James Madison, Congressional Series. Vol. 14. Charlottesville, VA: University of Virginia Press, 1983. 392.)
- ^ "Pennsylvania 1793 U.S. Senate". A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825. Tufts University Digital Collections and Archives. Retrieved January 24, 2018. (referencing The Pennsylvania Journal and the Weekly Advertiser (Philadelphia, PA). March 6, 1793)
- ^ "Georgia 1792 U.S. Senate". A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825. Tufts University Digital Collections and Archives. Retrieved January 24, 2018. (referencing The Augusta Chronicle and Gazette of the State (Augusta, GA). December 1, 1792.)
- ^ "Kentucky 1792 U.S. Senate". A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825. Tufts University Digital Collections and Archives. Retrieved January 24, 2018. (referencing The Mirrour (Concord, NH). January 28, 1793.; Election of United States Senators by the General Assembly (typed manuscript). Kentucky Historical Society, Frankfort.)
- ^ "New Hampshire 1792 U.S. Senate". A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825. Tufts University Digital Collections and Archives. Retrieved January 24, 2018. (referencing Osborne's Newhampshire Spy (Portsmouth, NH). June 23, 1792.)
- ^ "North Carolina 1792 U.S. Senate". A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825. Tufts University Digital Collections and Archives. Retrieved January 24, 2018. (referencing Legislative Papers. State Archives of North Carolina, Raleigh.; Legislative Papers 1792 Box 119. State Archives of North Carolina, Raleigh.)
- ^ "South Carolina 1792 U.S. Senate". A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825. Tufts University Digital Collections and Archives. Retrieved January 24, 2018. (referencing "Rough House Journals.")
- ^ "A New Nation Votes". elections.lib.tufts.edu. Retrieved 2021-03-10.
- ^ "Our Campaigns - MD US Senate Race - Dec 06, 1792". www.ourcampaigns.com. Retrieved 2022-11-04.
- ^ a b "U.S. Senate Election - 28 February 1793" (PDF). Wilkes University. Retrieved December 21, 2012.
- ^ "GALLATIN, Albert, (1761 - 1849)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Retrieved December 21, 2012.
- ^ "Virginia 1792 U.S. Senate, Special". A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825. Tufts University Digital Collections and Archives. Retrieved January 24, 2018. (referencing Mattern, David B., J. C. A. Stagg, Jeanne K. Cross and Susan Holbrook Perdue, ed. The Papers of James Madison, Congressional Series. Vol. 14. Charlottesville, VA: University of Virginia Press, 1983. 392.)
External links
[edit]- Party Division in the Senate, 1789–present via Senate.gov