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[[File:Charles Green by Hilaire Ledru.jpg|right|thumb|Portrait of Charles Green by [[Hilaire Ledru]], 1835]]
[[File:Charles Green by Hilaire Ledru.jpg|right|thumb|Portrait of Charles Green by [[Hilaire Ledru]], 1835]]


'''Charles Green''' (31 January 1785 – 26 March 1870) was the United Kingdom's most famous [[Balloon (aircraft)|balloonist]] of the 19th century.<ref name=fai>[http://www.ballong.org/peter/jesper/cia/report.php?period=03&title=Part%203,%201801-1850 Balloon records], accessed May 2009</ref> He experimented with [[coal gas]] as a cheaper and more readily available alternative to [[hydrogen]] for lifting power. His first ascent was in a coal gas balloon on 19 July 1821. He became a professional balloonist and had made 200 ascents by 1835. In 1836, he set a major long distance record in the balloon ''Royal Vauxhall'', flying overnight from [[Vauxhall Gardens]] in [[London]] to [[Weilburg]], [[Duchy of Nassau]] (Germany)<ref name=fai/> a distance of {{convert|480|mi|km}}. By the time he retired in 1852, he had flown in a balloon more than 500 times.<ref name=salv/>
'''Charles Green''' (31 January 1785 – 26 March 1870) was the United Kingdom's most famous [[Balloon (aircraft)|balloonist]] of the 19th century.<ref name="fai"/> He experimented with [[coal gas]] as a cheaper and more readily available alternative to [[hydrogen]] for lifting power. His first ascent was in a coal gas balloon on 19 July 1821. He became a professional balloonist and had made 200 ascents by 1835. In 1836, he set a major long distance record in the balloon ''Royal Vauxhall'', flying overnight from [[Vauxhall Gardens]] in [[London]] to [[Weilburg]], [[Duchy of Nassau]] (Germany)<ref name=fai>[http://www.ballong.org/peter/jesper/cia/report.php?period=03&title=Part%203,%201801-1850 Balloon records], accessed May 2009</ref> a distance of {{convert|480|mi|km}}. By the time he retired in 1852, he had flown in a balloon more than 500 times.<ref name=salv/>


Green is credited with the invention of the trail rope as an aid to steering and landing a balloon.<ref name=fai/>
Green is credited with the invention of the trail rope as an aid to steering and landing a balloon.<ref name=fai/>


A trophy named after him, the "Charles Green Salver", is awarded by the [[British Balloon and Airship Club]] (BBAC) for exceptional flying achievements or contributions in ballooning.<ref name=salv>[http://www.bbac.org/trophyCG Charles Green Salver], BBAC, accessed May 2009</ref> The trophy was originally given to Green by [[Richard Crawshay]] after a ballon trip in Norfolk. Recipients have included [[Brian Jones (aeronaut)|Brian Jones]] and [[Bertrand Piccard]] for the first round-the-world balloon flight.
A trophy named after him, the "Charles Green Salver", is awarded by the [[British Balloon and Airship Club]] (BBAC) for exceptional flying achievements or contributions in ballooning.<ref name=salv>[http://www.bbac.org/trophyCG Charles Green Salver] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161204014935/http://www.bbac.org/trophyCG |date=4 December 2016 }}, BBAC, accessed May 2009</ref> The trophy was originally given to Green by [[Richard Crawshay]] after a balloon trip in Norfolk. Recipients have included [[Brian Jones (aeronaut)|Brian Jones]] and [[Bertrand Piccard]] for the first round-the-world balloon flight. Green was included in the ballooning hall of fame{{clarify|date=March 2016}} in 1999.<ref>[http://www.fai.org/ballooning/node/19 Fédération Aéronautique Internationale (FAI), Ballooning Commission Hall of Fame] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090618005856/http://www.fai.org/ballooning/node/19 |date=18 June 2009 }}, accessed May 2009</ref>


==Early life==
[http://www.fai.org/ballooning/node/19 Fédération Aéronautique Internationale (FAI), Ballooning Commission Hall of Fame] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090618005856/http://www.fai.org/ballooning/node/19 |date=18 June 2009 }}, accessed May 2009</ref>
Charles Green was born on 31 January 1785 at 92 Goswell Road, London the son of Thomas Green, a fruiterer. Green on leaving school joined his father's business.<ref name=dnb>Dictionary of National Biography (1885–1900), by G. C. Boase, Published 1890 a publication now in the public domain.</ref>


==Biography==
==Balloonist==
{{1836 balloonists}}
{{1836 balloonists}}
⚫
Green's first ascent was from the [[Green Park, London]], on 19 July 1821, by order of the government, at the coronation of George IV, in the first ever balloon filled with [[carburetted hydrogen]] gas.<ref name=fai/><ref name=dnb/> The trip got into trouble and he had to be rescued by a passing ship captained by the mate, Francis Cheesman, who ran the silk through with his bowsprit, releasing the gas. After that time he made 526 ascents. On 16 August 1828 he ascended from the Eagle Tavern, [[City Road]], on the back of his pony, and after being up for half an hour descended at [[Beckenham]] in Kent. In 1836 he constructed the Great Nassau balloon for Gye and Hughes, proprietors of Vauxhall Gardens, from whom he subsequently purchased it for £500, and on 9 September in that year made the first ascent with it from Vauxhall Gardens, in company with eight persons, and, after remaining in the air about one hour and a half, descended at [[Cliffe, Kent|Cliffe]], near Gravesend. On 21 September he made a second ascent, accompanied by eleven persons, and descended at Beckenham in Kent. He also made four other ascents with it from Vauxhall, including the celebrated continental ascent, undertaken at the expense of [[Robert Hollond]], M.P. for Hastings, who, with [[Thomas Monck Mason|Monck Mason]], accompanied him. They left Vauxhall Gardens at 1:30&nbsp;p.m. on 7 November 1836, and, crossing the channel from Dover the same evening, descended the next day, at 7 a.m., at [[Weilburg]] in Nassau, Germany, having travelled altogether about five hundred miles in eighteen hours.<ref name=fai/> This journey was celebrated with a painting by John Hollins that is now in the [[National Portrait Gallery (London)|National Portrait Gallery]] in London.<ref name=hollin>[http://www.npg.org.uk/collections/search/portrait.php?search=ap&npgno=4710&eDate=&lDate= A Consultation prior to the Aerial Voyage to Weilburgh, 1836], John Hollins, 1836, National Portrait Gallery</ref> The painting shows Green, John Hollins (the artist), Robert Hollond M.P. [[William Milbourne James (judge)|Sir William Milbourne James]], [[Thomas Monck Mason]] and [[Walter Prideaux]].<ref name=hollin/>
Charles Green was born on the 31st of January, 1785 in London.
⚫
Green, son of Thomas Green, fruiterer, of Willow Walk, Goswell Street, London, who died in May 1850, aged 88, was born at 92 Goswell Road, London, on 31 January 1785, and on leaving school joined his father's business.<ref name=dnb>Dictionary of National Biography (1885–1900), by G. C. Boase, Published 1890 a publication now in the public domain.</ref> His first ascent was from the Green Park, London, on 19 July 1821, by order of the government, at the coronation of George IV, in the first ever balloon filled with carburetted hydrogen gas.<ref name=fai/><ref name=dnb/> The trip got into trouble and he had to be rescued by a passing ship captained by the mate, Francis Cheesman, who ran the silk through with his bowsprit, releasing the gas. After that time he made 526 ascents. On 16 August 1828 he ascended from the Eagle Tavern, City Road, on the back of his pony, and after being up for half an hour descended at Beckenham in Kent. In 1836 he constructed the Great Nassau balloon for Gye and Hughes, proprietors of Vauxhall Gardens, from whom he subsequently purchased it for 500 pounds, and on 9 September in that year made the first ascent with it from Vauxhall Gardens, in company with eight persons, and, after remaining in the air about one hour and a half, descended at Cliffe, near Gravesend. On 21 September he made a second ascent, accompanied by eleven persons, and descended at Beckenham in Kent. He also made four other ascents with it from Vauxhall, including the celebrated continental ascent, undertaken at the expense of [[Robert Hollond]], M.P. for Hastings, who, with [[Thomas Monck Mason|Monck Mason]], accompanied him. They left Vauxhall Gardens at 1:30&nbsp;p.m. on 7 November 1836, and, crossing the channel from Dover the same evening, descended the next day, at 7 a.m., at [[Weilburg]] in Nassau, Germany, having travelled altogether about five hundred miles in eighteen hours.<ref name=fai/> This journey was celebrated with a painting by John Hollins that is now in the [[National Portrait Gallery (London)|National Portrait Gallery]] in London.<ref name=hollin>[http://www.npg.org.uk/collections/search/portrait.php?search=ap&npgno=4710&eDate=&lDate= A Consultation prior to the Aerial Voyage to Weilburgh, 1836], John Hollins, 1836, National Portrait Gallery</ref> The painting shows Green, John Hollins (the artist), Robert Hollond M.P. [[William Milbourne James (judge)|Sir William Milbourne James]], [[Thomas Monck Mason]] and [[Walter Prideaux]].<ref name=hollin/>
On 19 December 1836 he again went up from Paris with six persons, and on 9 January 1837 with eight persons. The Great Nassau ascended from Vauxhall Gardens on 24 July, Green having with him [[Edward Spencer (aeronaut)|Edward Spencer]] and [[Robert Cocking]]. At a height of five thousand feet Cocking liberated himself from the balloon, and descending in a parachute of his own construction<ref name=salv/> into a field at Burnt Ash Farm near [[Lee, London|Lee]]. Cocking was killed on reaching the ground.<ref>Times, 25, 26, 27, and 29 July 1837</ref> The balloon came down the same evening near [[Town Malling]], Kent, and it was not until the next day that Green heard of the death of his companion.<ref name=dnb/>
On 19 December 1836 he again went up from Paris with six persons, and on 9 January 1837 with eight persons. The Great Nassau ascended from Vauxhall Gardens on 24 July, Green having with him [[Edward Spencer (aeronaut)|Edward Spencer]] and [[Robert Cocking]]. At a height of five thousand feet Cocking liberated himself from the balloon, and descending in a parachute of his own construction<ref name=salv/> into a field at Burnt Ash Farm near [[Lee, London|Lee]]. Cocking was killed on reaching the ground.<ref>Times, 25, 26, 27, and 29 July 1837</ref> The balloon came down the same evening near [[Town Malling]], Kent, and it was not until the next day that Green heard of the death of his companion.<ref name=dnb/>


[[File:Balloon Charles Green 1836.jpg|thumb|right|Charles Green's balloon at Weilburg, Germany, 1836.]]
[[File:Balloon Charles Green 1836.jpg|thumb|right|Charles Green's balloon at Weilburg, Germany, 1836.]]
In 1838 Green made two experimental ascents from Vauxhall Gardens at the expense of George Rush of Elsenham Hall, Essex. The first took place on 4 September, Rush and Edward Spencer accompanying the aeronaut. They attained the elevation of {{convert|19335|ft|m}}, and descended at Thaxted in Essex. The second experiment was made on 10 September, and was for the purpose of ascertaining the greatest altitude that could be attained with the Great Nassau balloon inflated with carburetted hydrogen gas and carrying two persons only. Green ascended with Rush for his companion, and they reached the elevation of {{convert|27146|ft|m}}, or about {{convert|5|mi|km|0|spell=in}} and a quarter, as indicated by the barometer, which fell from 30.50 to 11, the thermometer falling from 61° to 5°, or 27° below freezing point. On several occasions this balloon was carried by the upper currents between eighty and one hundred miles in the hour.
In 1838 Green made two experimental ascents from Vauxhall Gardens at the expense of George Rush of [[Elsenham Hall]], Essex. The first took place on 4 September, Rush and Edward Spencer accompanying the aeronaut. They attained the elevation of {{convert|19335|ft|m}}, and descended at [[Thaxted]] in Essex. The second experiment was made on 10 September, and was for the purpose of ascertaining the greatest altitude that could be attained with the Great Nassau balloon inflated with carburetted hydrogen gas and carrying two persons only. Green ascended with Rush for his companion, and they reached the elevation of {{convert|27146|ft|m}}, or about {{convert|5|mi|km|0|spell=in}} and a quarter, as indicated by the barometer, which fell from {{convert|30.50|to|11|inHg|hPa|abbr=on|comma=off}}, the thermometer falling from {{convert|61|to|5|°F|°C}}, or 27 °F below freezing point. On several occasions this balloon was carried by the upper currents between {{convert|80|and(-)|100|mph|kph|abbr=out|spell=in}}.


On 31 March 1841 Green ascended from Hastings, accompanied by Charles Frederick William, duke of Brunswick, and in five hours descended at Neufchatel, about {{convert|10|mi|km|0|spell=in}} south-west of Boulogne. His last and farewell public ascent took place from Vauxhall Gardens on Monday, 13 September 1852. In 1840 he had propounded his ideas about crossing the Atlantic in a balloon, and six years later made a proposal for carrying out such an undertaking.
On 31 March 1841 Green ascended from Hastings, accompanied by Charles Frederick William, duke of Brunswick, and in five hours descended at [[Neufchâtel-Hardelot|Neufchatel]], about {{convert|10|mi|km|0|spell=in}} south-west of Boulogne. His last and farewell public ascent took place from Vauxhall Gardens on Monday, 13 September 1852. In 1840 he had propounded his ideas about crossing the Atlantic in a balloon, and six years later made a proposal for carrying out such an undertaking.


Many of his ascents were made alone, as when he went up from Boston in June 1846, and again in July when he made a night ascent from Vauxhall. During his career he had many dangerous experiences. In 1822,<ref>The Strabane Morning Post 6 August 1822 reported that £20,000 had been bet on the outcome of the flight</ref> when ascending from Cheltenham, accompanied by Mr. Griffiths, some malicious person partly severed the ropes which attached the car to the balloon, so that in starting the car broke away from the balloon, and its occupants had to take refuge on the hoop of the balloon, in which position they had a perilous journey and a most dangerous descent, when they were both injured. Mr. Green received a serious contusion on the left side of the chest, and Mr. Griffith a severe injury of the spine.<ref>"The history and antiquities of Ecton" by John hall</ref> This is the only case on record of such a balloon voyage. In 1827 Green made his 69th ascent, from Newbury in Berkshire, accompanied by H. Simmons of Reading, a deaf and dumb gentleman, when a violent thunderstorm threatened the safety of the balloon.<ref name=dnb/> On 17 August 1841, on going up from Cremorne with Mr. Macdonnell, a jerk of the grappling-iron upset the car and went near to throwing out the aeronaut and his companion. Green was the first to demonstrate, in 1821, that coal-gas was applicable to the inflation of balloons. Before his time pure hydrogen gas was used, a substance very expensive, the generation of which was so slow that two days were required to fill a large balloon, and then the gas was excessively volatile. He was also the inventor of ‘the guide-rope,’ a rope trailing from the car, which could be lowered or raised by means of a windlass and used to regulate the ascent and descent of the balloon. After living in retirement for many years he died suddenly of heart disease at his residence, Ariel Villa, 51 Tufnell Park, Holloway, London, 26 March 1870.<ref name=dnb/>
Many of his ascents were made alone, as when he went up from [[Boston, Lincolnshire|Boston]] in June 1846, and again in July when he made a night ascent from Vauxhall. During his career he had many dangerous experiences. In 1822,<ref>The Strabane Morning Post 6 August 1822 reported that £20,000 had been bet on the outcome of the flight</ref> when ascending from Cheltenham, accompanied by Mr. Griffiths, some malicious person partly severed the ropes which attached the car to the balloon, so that in starting the car broke away from the balloon, and its occupants had to take refuge on the hoop of the balloon, in which position they had a perilous journey and a most dangerous descent, when they were both injured. Mr. Green received a serious contusion on the left side of the chest, and Mr. Griffith a severe injury of the spine.<ref>"The history and antiquities of Ecton" by John Hall</ref> This is the only case on record of such a balloon voyage. In 1827 Green made his 69th ascent, from Newbury in Berkshire, accompanied by H. Simmons of Reading, a deaf and dumb gentleman, when a violent thunderstorm threatened the safety of the balloon.<ref name=dnb/> On 17 August 1841, on going up from [[Cremorne Gardens, London|Cremorne]] with Mr. Macdonnell, a jerk of the grappling-iron upset the car and went near to throwing out the aeronaut and his companion. Green was the first to demonstrate, in 1821, that coal-gas was applicable to the inflation of balloons. Before his time pure hydrogen gas was used, a substance very expensive, the generation of which was so slow that two days were required to fill a large balloon, and then the gas was excessively volatile. He was also the inventor of the "guide-rope", a rope trailing from the car, which could be lowered or raised by means of a windlass and used to regulate the ascent and descent of the balloon.


==Family life==
He married Martha Morrell, who died at North Hill, Highgate, London. His son, George Green, who had made 83 ascents with the Nassau balloon, died at Belgrave Villa, Holloway, London, on 10 February 1864, aged 57.<ref name=dnb/> He is buried in [[Highgate Cemetery]] (East). His monument is a small pedestal surmounted by the sculpted top half of a hot-air balloon.
[[File:Grave of Charles Green in Highgate Cemetery.jpg|thumb|left|Grave of Charles Green in [[Highgate Cemetery]]]]
Green married Martha Morrell and they had a son George Green, who had made 83 ascents with the Nassau balloon<ref name=dnb/> After living in retirement for many years he died suddenly of heart disease at his residence, Ariel Villa, 51 Tufnell Park, Holloway, London, 26 March 1870.<ref name=dnb/>

He is buried in the eastern side of [[Highgate Cemetery]]. His monument is a small pedestal surmounted by the sculpted top half of a hot-air balloon.


==See also==
==See also==
{{Portal|Biography}}
{{Portal|Biography}}
*[[Timeline of aviation - 19th century#1830s|Timeline of aviation — 1830s]]
*[[Timeline of aviation – 19th century#1830s|Timeline of aviation – 1830s]]


==References==
==References==
Line 37: Line 41:
==External links==
==External links==
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20070207015724/http://www.bbac.org/trophy2.php British Balloon and Airship Club, Charles Green Salver]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20070207015724/http://www.bbac.org/trophy2.php British Balloon and Airship Club, Charles Green Salver]
*{{Find a Grave|10611}}


{{Authority control}}
{{Authority control}}

{{S-start}}
{{Succession box
| title = Human altitude record
| years = 1838-1862
| with = George Rush
| before = [[Étienne-Gaspard Robert]] and Auguste Lhoëst
| after = [[James Glaisher]] and [[Henry Tracey Coxwell]]
}}
{{S-end}}


{{DEFAULTSORT:Green, Charles}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Green, Charles}}
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[[Category:1785 births]]
[[Category:1785 births]]
[[Category:1870 deaths]]
[[Category:1870 deaths]]
[[Category:Burials at Highgate Cemetery]]
[[Category:Flight altitude record holders]]
[[Category:Flight altitude record holders]]
[[Category:Balloon flight record holders]]
[[Category:Balloon flight record holders]]

Latest revision as of 05:25, 15 January 2024

Portrait of Charles Green by Hilaire Ledru, 1835

Charles Green (31 January 1785 – 26 March 1870) was the United Kingdom's most famous balloonist of the 19th century.[1] He experimented with coal gas as a cheaper and more readily available alternative to hydrogen for lifting power. His first ascent was in a coal gas balloon on 19 July 1821. He became a professional balloonist and had made 200 ascents by 1835. In 1836, he set a major long distance record in the balloon Royal Vauxhall, flying overnight from Vauxhall Gardens in London to Weilburg, Duchy of Nassau (Germany)[1] a distance of 480 miles (770 km). By the time he retired in 1852, he had flown in a balloon more than 500 times.[2]

Green is credited with the invention of the trail rope as an aid to steering and landing a balloon.[1]

A trophy named after him, the "Charles Green Salver", is awarded by the British Balloon and Airship Club (BBAC) for exceptional flying achievements or contributions in ballooning.[2] The trophy was originally given to Green by Richard Crawshay after a balloon trip in Norfolk. Recipients have included Brian Jones and Bertrand Piccard for the first round-the-world balloon flight. Green was included in the ballooning hall of fame[clarification needed] in 1999.[3]

Early life

[edit]

Charles Green was born on 31 January 1785 at 92 Goswell Road, London the son of Thomas Green, a fruiterer. Green on leaving school joined his father's business.[4]

Balloonist

[edit]
Walter Prideaux - lawyerJohn Hollins ... who painted thisWilliam Milbourne James - Lord Chief JusticeRobert Holland ... who funded the tripCharles Green the AeronautThomas Monck Mason - entrepreneurUse a cursor to explore or press button for larger image & copyright
A Consultation prior to the Aerial Voyage to Weilburgh, 1836 A painting by John Hollins[5] The people can be identified using a cursor.

Green's first ascent was from the Green Park, London, on 19 July 1821, by order of the government, at the coronation of George IV, in the first ever balloon filled with carburetted hydrogen gas.[1][4] The trip got into trouble and he had to be rescued by a passing ship captained by the mate, Francis Cheesman, who ran the silk through with his bowsprit, releasing the gas. After that time he made 526 ascents. On 16 August 1828 he ascended from the Eagle Tavern, City Road, on the back of his pony, and after being up for half an hour descended at Beckenham in Kent. In 1836 he constructed the Great Nassau balloon for Gye and Hughes, proprietors of Vauxhall Gardens, from whom he subsequently purchased it for £500, and on 9 September in that year made the first ascent with it from Vauxhall Gardens, in company with eight persons, and, after remaining in the air about one hour and a half, descended at Cliffe, near Gravesend. On 21 September he made a second ascent, accompanied by eleven persons, and descended at Beckenham in Kent. He also made four other ascents with it from Vauxhall, including the celebrated continental ascent, undertaken at the expense of Robert Hollond, M.P. for Hastings, who, with Monck Mason, accompanied him. They left Vauxhall Gardens at 1:30 p.m. on 7 November 1836, and, crossing the channel from Dover the same evening, descended the next day, at 7 a.m., at Weilburg in Nassau, Germany, having travelled altogether about five hundred miles in eighteen hours.[1] This journey was celebrated with a painting by John Hollins that is now in the National Portrait Gallery in London.[6] The painting shows Green, John Hollins (the artist), Robert Hollond M.P. Sir William Milbourne James, Thomas Monck Mason and Walter Prideaux.[6] On 19 December 1836 he again went up from Paris with six persons, and on 9 January 1837 with eight persons. The Great Nassau ascended from Vauxhall Gardens on 24 July, Green having with him Edward Spencer and Robert Cocking. At a height of five thousand feet Cocking liberated himself from the balloon, and descending in a parachute of his own construction[2] into a field at Burnt Ash Farm near Lee. Cocking was killed on reaching the ground.[7] The balloon came down the same evening near Town Malling, Kent, and it was not until the next day that Green heard of the death of his companion.[4]

Charles Green's balloon at Weilburg, Germany, 1836.

In 1838 Green made two experimental ascents from Vauxhall Gardens at the expense of George Rush of Elsenham Hall, Essex. The first took place on 4 September, Rush and Edward Spencer accompanying the aeronaut. They attained the elevation of 19,335 feet (5,893 m), and descended at Thaxted in Essex. The second experiment was made on 10 September, and was for the purpose of ascertaining the greatest altitude that could be attained with the Great Nassau balloon inflated with carburetted hydrogen gas and carrying two persons only. Green ascended with Rush for his companion, and they reached the elevation of 27,146 feet (8,274 m), or about five miles (8 km) and a quarter, as indicated by the barometer, which fell from 30.50 to 11 inHg (1033 to 373 hPa), the thermometer falling from 61 to 5 °F (16 to −15 °C), or 27 °F below freezing point. On several occasions this balloon was carried by the upper currents between eighty and one hundred miles per hour (130–160 km/h).

On 31 March 1841 Green ascended from Hastings, accompanied by Charles Frederick William, duke of Brunswick, and in five hours descended at Neufchatel, about ten miles (16 km) south-west of Boulogne. His last and farewell public ascent took place from Vauxhall Gardens on Monday, 13 September 1852. In 1840 he had propounded his ideas about crossing the Atlantic in a balloon, and six years later made a proposal for carrying out such an undertaking.

Many of his ascents were made alone, as when he went up from Boston in June 1846, and again in July when he made a night ascent from Vauxhall. During his career he had many dangerous experiences. In 1822,[8] when ascending from Cheltenham, accompanied by Mr. Griffiths, some malicious person partly severed the ropes which attached the car to the balloon, so that in starting the car broke away from the balloon, and its occupants had to take refuge on the hoop of the balloon, in which position they had a perilous journey and a most dangerous descent, when they were both injured. Mr. Green received a serious contusion on the left side of the chest, and Mr. Griffith a severe injury of the spine.[9] This is the only case on record of such a balloon voyage. In 1827 Green made his 69th ascent, from Newbury in Berkshire, accompanied by H. Simmons of Reading, a deaf and dumb gentleman, when a violent thunderstorm threatened the safety of the balloon.[4] On 17 August 1841, on going up from Cremorne with Mr. Macdonnell, a jerk of the grappling-iron upset the car and went near to throwing out the aeronaut and his companion. Green was the first to demonstrate, in 1821, that coal-gas was applicable to the inflation of balloons. Before his time pure hydrogen gas was used, a substance very expensive, the generation of which was so slow that two days were required to fill a large balloon, and then the gas was excessively volatile. He was also the inventor of the "guide-rope", a rope trailing from the car, which could be lowered or raised by means of a windlass and used to regulate the ascent and descent of the balloon.

Family life

[edit]
Grave of Charles Green in Highgate Cemetery

Green married Martha Morrell and they had a son George Green, who had made 83 ascents with the Nassau balloon[4] After living in retirement for many years he died suddenly of heart disease at his residence, Ariel Villa, 51 Tufnell Park, Holloway, London, 26 March 1870.[4]

He is buried in the eastern side of Highgate Cemetery. His monument is a small pedestal surmounted by the sculpted top half of a hot-air balloon.

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
Wikisource has original text related to this article:
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Charles Green (balloonist).
  1. ^ a b c d e Balloon records, accessed May 2009
  2. ^ a b c Charles Green Salver Archived 4 December 2016 at the Wayback Machine, BBAC, accessed May 2009
  3. ^ Fédération Aéronautique Internationale (FAI), Ballooning Commission Hall of Fame Archived 18 June 2009 at the Wayback Machine, accessed May 2009
  4. ^ a b c d e f Dictionary of National Biography (1885–1900), by G. C. Boase, Published 1890 a publication now in the public domain.
  5. ^ John Hollins, National Portrait Gallery, London, accessed May 2009
  6. ^ a b A Consultation prior to the Aerial Voyage to Weilburgh, 1836, John Hollins, 1836, National Portrait Gallery
  7. ^ Times, 25, 26, 27, and 29 July 1837
  8. ^ The Strabane Morning Post 6 August 1822 reported that £20,000 had been bet on the outcome of the flight
  9. ^ "The history and antiquities of Ecton" by John Hall
  • Bacon, John M. The Dominion of the Air; the story of aerial navigation, Chapters VI-VII, reprint. ISBN 1-4065-0417-3.
[edit]
Preceded by
Étienne-Gaspard Robert and Auguste Lhoëst
 Human altitude record
1838-1862
With: George Rush 		Succeeded by
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