Battle of Maguindanao: Difference between revisions
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|date=January to September 1945 |
|date=January to September 1945 |
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|place=Maguindanao |
|place=Maguindanao |
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|result= |
|result=[[Allies_of_World_War_II|Allied]] victory |
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|combatant1={{flag|Commonwealth of the Philippines}} |
|combatant1={{flag|United States|1912}} |
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*{{flag|Commonwealth of the Philippines}} |
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|combatant2={{ |
|combatant2={{flagcountry|Empire of Japan}} |
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{{flag|Second Philippine Republic}} |
*{{flag|Second Philippine Republic}} |
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|commander1= {{flagicon| |
|commander1= {{flagicon|United States|1912}} [[Wendell Fertig]]<br>{{flagicon|Philippine Commonwealth}} [[Gumbay Piang]]<br>{{flagicon|Philippine Commonwealth}} [[Salipada Pendatun|Salipada K. Pendatun]] |
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|commander2= {{flagicon|Empire of Japan |
|commander2= {{flagicon|Empire of Japan|army}} [[Gyosaku Morozumi]] |
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|units1= '''Philippine 108th Division:'''<br>Expeditionary Battalion<br>105th Infantry<br>Maguindanao Militia Force (a Moro force under operational control of 108th Division){{sfn|Smith|1993|p=621}} |
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|units1= '''Philippine Commonwealth military''' <br /> [[6th Infantry Division (Philippine Commonwealth Army)|6thInfantry Division (PCA) ]] <br /> [[10th Infantry Division (Philippine Commonwealth Army)|10th Infantry Division (PCA)]] <br /> [[101st Infantry Division (Philippine Commonwealth Army)|101st Infantry Division (PCA)]] <br /> [[102nd Infantry Division (Philippine Commonwealth Army)|102nd Infantry Division (PCA)]] <br /> [[104th Infantry Division (Philippine Commonwealth Army)|104th Infantry Division (PCA)]] <br /> [[106th Infantry Division (Philippine Commonwealth Army)|106th Infantry Division (PCA)]] <br /> [[10th Infantry Regiment (Philippine Constabulary)|10th Infantry Regiment (PC)]] <br /> '''Recognized Guerrilla Unit''' <br /> Maguindanao Guerrilla Forces <br /> Maguindanao Bolo Battalion <br /> Bukidnon-Cotabato Force <br /> 10th Military District, Mindanao Guerrillas <br /> Maranao Militia force |
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|units2=Japanese 166th Independent Infantry Battalion, 100th Division{{sfn|Smith|1993|p=621}} |
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|units2= '''Imperial Japanese military''' <br /> [[Thirty-Fifth Army (Japan)|Japanese 25th Area Army]] |
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|strength1= |
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|strength1=110,000 Filipino troops <br /> 25,000 guerrillas and Moro swordman |
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|strength2= |
|strength2= |
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|casualties1= |
|casualties1=17 killed<br>21 wounded |
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|casualties2= |
|casualties2=about 250 killed{{sfn|Smith|1993|p=621 fn4}} |
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}} |
}} |
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{{Campaignbox Philippines, 1944-45}} |
{{Campaignbox Philippines, 1944-45}} |
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The '''Battle of Maguindanao''' or '''Cotabato and Maguindanao Campaign''' ([[Filipino language|Filipino]]: ''Labanan sa Maguindanao |
The '''Battle of Maguindanao''' or '''Cotabato and Maguindanao Campaign''' ([[Filipino language|Filipino]]: ''Labanan sa Maguindanao o Kampanya sa Cotabato at Maguindanao'') was one of the final battles of the [[Philippines campaign (1944-45)|Philippines Campaign]] of [[World War II]]. The battle was fought in advance of U.S. landings by [[Philippine Commonwealth]] military forces and the recognized Christian and Muslim guerrilla fighters against [[Imperial Japanese Army]] troops. |
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Japanese forces, numbering about 1,500 men of the 166th Independent Infantry Battalion, in the Malabang-Cotabato area were part of the [[100th Division (Imperial Japanese Army)|100th Division]] garrison troops, approximately one third Koreans, that were demoralized by poor officers and a defeatist attitude.{{sfn|Smith|1993|p=623}} The guerrillas had been destroying supplies, blowing bridges and making even small truck convoys or small patrols impossible for months even before their direct offensive operations began in April.{{sfn|Smith|1993|p=623}} |
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Since early March 1945, the 108th Division, part of Col. [[Wendell Fertig]]'s 10th Military District guerrilla force, had been attacking the Japanese garrison at Malabang, and by late March [[Stinson L-5 Sentinel]] liaison planes could use the Malabang strip, and Marine Corps aircraft on 5 April. By 11 April, the Japanese had fled toward Parang, "and the guerrillas had completed the occupation of the entire Malabang region." On 13 April, "the Japanese had probably evacuated the Cotabato areas as well." American forces landed on 17 April.<ref name=Smith>Smith, R.R., 2005, Triumph in the Philippines, Honolulu: University Press of the Pacific, ISBN 1-4102-2495-3</ref>{{rp|621}} |
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Beginning in early March 1945 part of Colonel [[Wendell Fertig]]'s [[10th Military District]] guerrilla force, the guerrilla 108th Division began attacking the Japanese garrison at Malabang with some air support from [[United States Marine Corps|U.S. Marine Corps]] and [[United States Army Air Forces]] aircraft.{{sfn|Smith|1993|p=621}} The 108th was commanded by Lt. Col. Charles W. Hedges, an unsurrendered U.S. Army officer, with forces at Malabang commanded by an Australian officer who had escaped from Borneo, Maj. Rex Blow.{{sfn|Smith|1993|p=621 fn3}} The elements of the 108th directly involved were the Expeditionary Battalion, part of the 105th Infantry and the [[Moro people|Moro]] Maranao Militia Force that was under the operational control of the 108th.{{sfn|Smith|1993|p=621 fn3}} |
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⚫ | |||
In late March progress was such that [[Stinson L-5 Sentinel]] liaison planes could use the Malabang strip and on 5 April Marine Corps aircraft were using the strip. By the 11 April, the Japanese had fled toward Parang and on 13 April Colonel Fertig notified Eighth Army that U.S. forces could land unopposed at Malabang and Parang with indication the Japanese had probably evacuated the Cotabato area.{{sfn|Smith|1993|p=621}} The reoccupation effort cost the guerrillas 17 dead and 21 wounded with perhaps 250 Japanese losses with an estimated fewer than 100 escaping.{{sfn|Smith|1993|p=621 fn4}} After confirmation by Marine air reconnaissance previous plans were changed so that one battalion of the 24th Division assault forces of Task Group 78.2 would go ashore at Malabang with the rest going directly to Parang.{{sfn|Smith|1993|p=621}} Despite Fertig's assertion no shore bombardment would be necessary a bombardment preceded the landings beginning shortly after 0730 on 17 April.{{sfn|Smith|1993|pp=621, 623}} |
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⚫ | |||
*[[Battle of Mindanao]] |
*[[Battle of Mindanao]] |
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*[[List of American guerrillas in the Philippines]] |
*[[List of American guerrillas in the Philippines]] |
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==References== |
==References== |
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{{Reflist}} |
{{Reflist}} |
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==Bibliography== |
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{{refbegin}} |
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*{{cite book |last1=Smith |first1=Robert Ross |year= 1993 |title=Triumph in the Philippines |series=United States Army In World War II—The War in the Pacific |location=Washington, DC |publisher=Center Of Military History, United States Army |lccn=62060000 |url=http://history.army.mil/html/books/005/5-10-1/index.html }} |
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{{refend}} |
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{{coord|7.13333|124.3|display=title}} |
{{coord|7.13333|124.3|display=title}} |
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[[Category: |
[[Category:Philippines campaign (1944–1945)|Maguindanao]] |
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[[Category:Battles of World War II involving Japan|Maguindanao]] |
[[Category:Battles of World War II involving Japan|Maguindanao]] |
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[[Category: |
[[Category:Philippine resistance against Japan|Maguindanao]] |
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[[Category: |
[[Category:History of Maguindanao del Norte]] |
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[[Category: |
[[Category:History of Maguindanao del Sur]] |
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[[Category:History of Maguindanao]] |
Latest revision as of 12:52, 16 January 2024
Battle of Maguindanao | |||||||
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Belligerents | |||||||
Commanders and leaders | |||||||
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Units involved | |||||||
Philippine 108th Division: Expeditionary Battalion 105th Infantry Maguindanao Militia Force (a Moro force under operational control of 108th Division)[1] | Japanese 166th Independent Infantry Battalion, 100th Division[1] | ||||||
Casualties and losses | |||||||
17 killed 21 wounded | about 250 killed[2] |
The Battle of Maguindanao or Cotabato and Maguindanao Campaign (Filipino: Labanan sa Maguindanao o Kampanya sa Cotabato at Maguindanao) was one of the final battles of the Philippines Campaign of World War II. The battle was fought in advance of U.S. landings by Philippine Commonwealth military forces and the recognized Christian and Muslim guerrilla fighters against Imperial Japanese Army troops.
Japanese forces, numbering about 1,500 men of the 166th Independent Infantry Battalion, in the Malabang-Cotabato area were part of the 100th Division garrison troops, approximately one third Koreans, that were demoralized by poor officers and a defeatist attitude.[3] The guerrillas had been destroying supplies, blowing bridges and making even small truck convoys or small patrols impossible for months even before their direct offensive operations began in April.[3]
Beginning in early March 1945 part of Colonel Wendell Fertig's 10th Military District guerrilla force, the guerrilla 108th Division began attacking the Japanese garrison at Malabang with some air support from U.S. Marine Corps and United States Army Air Forces aircraft.[1] The 108th was commanded by Lt. Col. Charles W. Hedges, an unsurrendered U.S. Army officer, with forces at Malabang commanded by an Australian officer who had escaped from Borneo, Maj. Rex Blow.[4] The elements of the 108th directly involved were the Expeditionary Battalion, part of the 105th Infantry and the Moro Maranao Militia Force that was under the operational control of the 108th.[4]
In late March progress was such that Stinson L-5 Sentinel liaison planes could use the Malabang strip and on 5 April Marine Corps aircraft were using the strip. By the 11 April, the Japanese had fled toward Parang and on 13 April Colonel Fertig notified Eighth Army that U.S. forces could land unopposed at Malabang and Parang with indication the Japanese had probably evacuated the Cotabato area.[1] The reoccupation effort cost the guerrillas 17 dead and 21 wounded with perhaps 250 Japanese losses with an estimated fewer than 100 escaping.[2] After confirmation by Marine air reconnaissance previous plans were changed so that one battalion of the 24th Division assault forces of Task Group 78.2 would go ashore at Malabang with the rest going directly to Parang.[1] Despite Fertig's assertion no shore bombardment would be necessary a bombardment preceded the landings beginning shortly after 0730 on 17 April.[5]
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ a b c d e Smith 1993, p. 621.
- ^ a b Smith 1993, p. 621 fn4.
- ^ a b Smith 1993, p. 623.
- ^ a b Smith 1993, p. 621 fn3.
- ^ Smith 1993, pp. 621, 623.
Bibliography
[edit]- Smith, Robert Ross (1993). Triumph in the Philippines. United States Army In World War II—The War in the Pacific. Washington, DC: Center Of Military History, United States Army. LCCN 62060000.