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{{Short description|Species of snake}}
{{Short description|Species of snake}}
{{Italic title}}
{{Italic title}}
{{speciesbox
{{Speciesbox
| image = Pirmad Cat Snake imported from iNaturalist photo 127460262 on 28 October 2023.jpg
| image_caption = [[Tamil Nadu]], 2016
| name = ''Boiga dightoni''
| name = ''Boiga dightoni''
| status = DD
| status_system = IUCN3.1
| status_ref = <ref name=iucn>[[species:Chelmala Srinivasulu|Srinivasulu C]], [[species:Bhargavi Srinivasulu|Srinivasulu B]], [[species:Veerappan Deepak|Deepak V]], [[species:Pratyush P. Mohapatra|Mohapatra P]], [[species:Seenapuram Palaniswamy Vijayakumar|Vijayakumar SP]] (2013). "''Boiga dightoni'' ". The [[IUCN]] Red List of Threatened Species 2013: https://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2013-1.RLTS.T172674A1364625.en. Accessed on 19 Aug 2022.</ref>
| genus = Boiga
| genus = Boiga
| species = dightoni
| species = dightoni
| authority = ([[George Albert Boulenger|Boulenger]], 1894)
| authority = ([[George Albert Boulenger|Boulenger]], 1894)
| synonyms = *''Dipsas dightoni'' <br>{{small|Boulenger, 1894}}
| synonyms = *''Dipsas dightoni'' <br />{{small|Boulenger, 1894}}
*''Dipsadomorphus dightonii'' <br>{{small|— Boulenger, 1896}}
*''Dipsadomorphus dightonii'' <br />{{small|— Boulenger, 1896}}
*''Boiga dightoni'' <br>{{small|— [[Malcolm Arthur Smith|M.A. Smith]], 1943}}<ref>"''Boiga dightoni'' ". The Reptile Database. www.reptile-database.org.</ref>
*''Boiga dightoni'' <br />{{small|— [[Malcolm Arthur Smith|M.A. Smith]], 1943}}
| synonyms_ref = <ref name=RDB>{{EMBL species|genus=Boiga|species=dightoni}} www.reptile-database.org.</ref>
}}
}}


'''''Boiga dightoni''''', commonly known as the '''Pirmad cat snake''' or the '''Travancore cat snake''',<ref name="Das2002">[[:fr:Indraneil Das|Das I]] (2002). ''A Photographic Guide to Snakes and other Reptiles of India''. Sanibel Island, Florida: Ralph Curtis Books. 144 pp. {{ISBN|0-88359-056-5}}. (''Boiga dightoni'', p. 22).</ref><ref name="EDR"/> is a [[species]] of [[Opisthoglyphous|rear-fanged]] [[Colubridae|colubrid]] [[Endemism|endemic]] to the [[Western Ghats]] of [[India]].
'''''Boiga dightoni''''', commonly known as '''Dighton's catsnake''', the '''Pirmad cat snake''', and the '''Travancore cat snake''',<ref name="Das2002">[[:fr:Indraneil Das|Das I]] (2002). ''A Photographic Guide to Snakes and other Reptiles of India''. Sanibel Island, Florida: Ralph Curtis Books. 144 pp. {{ISBN|0-88359-056-5}}. (''Boiga dightoni'', p. 22).</ref><ref name="EDR"/> is a [[species]] of [[Opisthoglyphous|rear-fanged]] mildly [[venomous snake]] in the [[Family (biology)|family]] [[Colubridae]]. The species is [[Endemism|endemic]] to the [[Western Ghats]] of [[India]].


==Etymology==
==Etymology==
The common name, Pirmad cat snake, refers to [[Peermade]] (also spelled Peermad, Pirmaad, Pirmed, and Pirmedu), a place in [[Kerala]], [[India]], elevation 3,300 feet (1,006 m).
The common name, Pirmad cat snake, refers to [[Peermade]] (also spelled Peermad, Pirmaad, Pirmed, and Pirmedu), a place in [[Kerala]], [[India]], elevation 3,300 feet (1,006 m).


The [[Specific name (zoology)|specific name or epithet]], ''dightoni'', is in honor of [[Camellia sinensis|tea]] planter S.M. Dighton, the collector of the [[holotype]] specimen.<ref name="EDR">Beolens, Bo; Watkins, Michael; Grayson, Michael (2011). ''The Eponym Dictionary of Reptiles''. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. xiii + 296 pp. {{ISBN|978-1-4214-0135-5}}. (''Boiga dightoni'', p. 72).</ref>
The [[Specific name (zoology)|specific name or epithet]], ''dightoni'', is in honor of [[Camellia sinensis|tea]] planter S.M. Dighton, the collector of the [[holotype]] specimen.<ref name="EDR">[[species:Bo Beolens|Beolens, Bo]]; [[species:Michael Watkins|Watkins, Michael]]; Grayson, Michael (2011). ''The Eponym Dictionary of Reptiles''. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. xiii + 296 pp. {{ISBN|978-1-4214-0135-5}}. (''Boiga dightoni'', p. 72).</ref>


==Geographic range==
==Geographic range==
In India ''Boiga dightoni'' is found in the [[Ponmudi]] Hills and [[Travancore]] Hills of [[Kerala]] State, and in the [[Anaimalai Hills]] and [[Palni Hills]] of western [[Tamil Nadu]] State.<ref name="Das2002"/>
In India ''B. dightoni'' is found in the [[Ponmudi]] Hills and [[Travancore]] Hills of [[Kerala]] State, and in the [[Anaimalai Hills]] and [[Palni Hills]] of western [[Tamil Nadu]] State.<ref name="Das2002"/>


==Description==
==Description==
''Boiga dightoni'' is pale reddish-brown [[Dorsum (anatomy)|dorsally]], with a series of salmon-red blotches. Its head is pale brown with minute blackish dots. Ventrally, it is yellowish, finely-dotted with brown. The outer ends of the ventral scales are salmon-pink. It is medium-sized, adults attaining a total length (including tail) of 1.1 m (3.6 feet).<ref>[[George Albert Boulenger|Boulenger GA]] (1896). ''Catalogue of the Snakes in the British Museum (Natural History). Volume III., Containing the Colubridæ (Opisthoglyphæ and Proteroglyphæ) ...'' London: Trustees of the British Museum (Natural History). (Taylor and Francis, printers). xiv + 727 pp. + Plates I-XXV. (''Dipsadomorphus dightonii'', pp. 69-70).</ref>
''B. dightoni'' is pale reddish-brown [[Dorsum (anatomy)|dorsally]], with a series of salmon-red blotches. Its head is pale brown with minute blackish dots. Ventrally, it is yellowish, finely-dotted with brown. The outer ends of the ventral scales are salmon-pink. It is medium-sized, adults attaining a total length (including tail) of 1.1 m (3.6 feet).<ref>[[George Albert Boulenger|Boulenger GA]] (1896). ''Catalogue of the Snakes in the British Museum (Natural History). Volume III., Containing the Colubridæ (Opisthoglyphæ and Proteroglyphæ) ....'' London: Trustees of the British Museum (Natural History). (Taylor and Francis, printers). xiv + 727 pp. + Plates I-XXV. (''Dipsadomorphus dightonii'', new combination, pp. 69–70).</ref>


==Behavior==
==Behavior==
''Boiga dightoni'' is [[Arboreal locomotion|arboreal]] and [[Nocturnality|nocturnal]].<ref name="Das2002"/>
''B. dightoni'' is [[Arboreal locomotion|arboreal]] and [[Nocturnality|nocturnal]].<ref name="Das2002"/>


==Habitat==
==Habitat==
''Boiga dightoni'' [[Habitat|inhabits]] trees and shrubs in [[forest]]ed areas.<ref name="Das2002"/>
''B. dightoni'' [[Habitat|inhabits]] trees and shrubs in [[forest]]ed areas,<ref name="Das2002"/> at altitudes of {{cvt|800|–|1,100|m|ft}}.<ref name=iucn/>


==Diet==
==Diet==
''Boiga dightoni'' [[Predation|preys]] on [[lizards]], including ''[[Calotes versicolor]].<ref name="Das2002"/>
''B. dightoni'' [[Predation|preys]] on [[lizards]], including ''[[Calotes versicolor]].<ref name="Das2002"/>

==Reproduction==
''B. dightoni'' is [[Oviparity|oviparous]].<ref name=RDB/>


==Venom==
==Venom==
Although rear-fanged and possessing a mild [[venom]], ''Boiga dightoni'' is not considered dangerous to humans, mainly due to its small size.<ref name="Das2002"/>
Although rear-fanged and possessing a mild [[venom]], ''B. dightoni'' is not considered dangerous to humans, mainly due to its small size.<ref name="Das2002"/>


==References==
==References==
Line 40: Line 49:


==Further reading==
==Further reading==
*[[George Albert Boulenger|Boulenger GA]] (1894). "Description of a New Snake Found in Travancore, by Mr. S. Dighton. Pirmaad." ''J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc.'' '''8''': 528 + one plate. (''Dipsas dightoni'', new species).
*[[George Albert Boulenger|Boulenger GA]] (1894). "Description of a New Snake Found in Travancore, by Mr. S. Dighton. Pirmaad." ''Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society'' '''8''': 528 + one plate. (''Dipsas dightoni'', new species).
*[[Robert F. Inger|Inger RF]], [[species:Howard Bradley Shaffer|Shaffer HB]], [[species:Mammen Koshy|Koshy M]], [[species:Ramesh Bakde|Bakde R]] (1984). "A report on a collection of amphibians and reptiles from the Ponmudi, Kerala, South India". ''Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society'' '''81''' (3): 551–570. (''Boiga dightoni'', pp. 567–568).
⚫
*[[Malcolm Arthur Smith|Smith MA]] (1943). ''The Fauna of British India, Ceylon and Burma, Including the Whole of the Indo-Chinese Sub-region. Reptilia and Amphibia. Vol. III.—Serpentes.'' London: Secretary of State for India. (Taylor and Francis, printers). xii + 583 pp. (''Boiga dightoni'', pp.&nbsp;359–360).
*Kanagavel, Arun; [[species:Sumaithangi Rajagopalan Ganesh|Ganesh, S.R.]] (2921). "Recent Record of the Rare Travancore Catsnake, ''Boiga dightoni'' (Boulenger 1894) (Reptilia: Colubridae), from the Ponmudi Hills in the Southern Western Ghats, India". ''Reptiles & Amphibians'' '''28''' (1): 67–70.
⚫
*[[Malcolm Arthur Smith|Smith MA]] (1943). ''The Fauna of British India, Ceylon and Burma, Including the Whole of the Indo-Chinese Sub-region. Reptilia and Amphibia. Vol. III.—Serpentes.'' London: Secretary of State for India. (Taylor and Francis, printers). xii + 583 pp. (''Boiga dightoni'', new combination, pp.&nbsp;359–360).


{{Taxonbar|from=Q2908844}}
{{Taxonbar|from=Q2908844}}
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{{Colubrids-stub}}
{{Colubrinae-stub}}

Latest revision as of 00:26, 17 January 2024

Boiga dightoni
Tamil Nadu, 2016
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Reptilia
Order: Squamata
Suborder: Serpentes
Family: Colubridae
Genus: Boiga
Species:
B. dightoni
Binomial name
Boiga dightoni
(Boulenger, 1894)
Synonyms[2]
  • Dipsas dightoni
    Boulenger, 1894
  • Dipsadomorphus dightonii
    — Boulenger, 1896
  • Boiga dightoni
    — M.A. Smith, 1943

Boiga dightoni, commonly known as Dighton's catsnake, the Pirmad cat snake, and the Travancore cat snake,[3][4] is a species of rear-fanged mildly venomous snake in the family Colubridae. The species is endemic to the Western Ghats of India.

Etymology

[edit]

The common name, Pirmad cat snake, refers to Peermade (also spelled Peermad, Pirmaad, Pirmed, and Pirmedu), a place in Kerala, India, elevation 3,300 feet (1,006 m).

The specific name or epithet, dightoni, is in honor of tea planter S.M. Dighton, the collector of the holotype specimen.[4]

Geographic range

[edit]

In India B. dightoni is found in the Ponmudi Hills and Travancore Hills of Kerala State, and in the Anaimalai Hills and Palni Hills of western Tamil Nadu State.[3]

Description

[edit]

B. dightoni is pale reddish-brown dorsally, with a series of salmon-red blotches. Its head is pale brown with minute blackish dots. Ventrally, it is yellowish, finely-dotted with brown. The outer ends of the ventral scales are salmon-pink. It is medium-sized, adults attaining a total length (including tail) of 1.1 m (3.6 feet).[5]

Behavior

[edit]

B. dightoni is arboreal and nocturnal.[3]

Habitat

[edit]

B. dightoni inhabits trees and shrubs in forested areas,[3] at altitudes of 800–1,100 m (2,600–3,600 ft).[1]

Diet

[edit]

B. dightoni preys on lizards, including Calotes versicolor.[3]

Reproduction

[edit]

B. dightoni is oviparous.[2]

Venom

[edit]

Although rear-fanged and possessing a mild venom, B. dightoni is not considered dangerous to humans, mainly due to its small size.[3]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b Srinivasulu C, Srinivasulu B, Deepak V, Mohapatra P, Vijayakumar SP (2013). "Boiga dightoni ". The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2013: https://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2013-1.RLTS.T172674A1364625.en. Accessed on 19 Aug 2022.
  2. ^ a b Species Boiga dightoni at The Reptile Database www.reptile-database.org.
  3. ^ a b c d e f Das I (2002). A Photographic Guide to Snakes and other Reptiles of India. Sanibel Island, Florida: Ralph Curtis Books. 144 pp. ISBN 0-88359-056-5. (Boiga dightoni, p. 22).
  4. ^ a b Beolens, Bo; Watkins, Michael; Grayson, Michael (2011). The Eponym Dictionary of Reptiles. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. xiii + 296 pp. ISBN 978-1-4214-0135-5. (Boiga dightoni, p. 72).
  5. ^ Boulenger GA (1896). Catalogue of the Snakes in the British Museum (Natural History). Volume III., Containing the Colubridæ (Opisthoglyphæ and Proteroglyphæ) .... London: Trustees of the British Museum (Natural History). (Taylor and Francis, printers). xiv + 727 pp. + Plates I-XXV. (Dipsadomorphus dightonii, new combination, pp. 69–70).

Further reading

[edit]
  • Boulenger GA (1894). "Description of a New Snake Found in Travancore, by Mr. S. Dighton. Pirmaad." Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society 8: 528 + one plate. (Dipsas dightoni, new species).
  • Inger RF, Shaffer HB, Koshy M, Bakde R (1984). "A report on a collection of amphibians and reptiles from the Ponmudi, Kerala, South India". Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society 81 (3): 551–570. (Boiga dightoni, pp. 567–568).
  • Kanagavel, Arun; Ganesh, S.R. (2921). "Recent Record of the Rare Travancore Catsnake, Boiga dightoni (Boulenger 1894) (Reptilia: Colubridae), from the Ponmudi Hills in the Southern Western Ghats, India". Reptiles & Amphibians 28 (1): 67–70.
  • Smith MA (1943). The Fauna of British India, Ceylon and Burma, Including the Whole of the Indo-Chinese Sub-region. Reptilia and Amphibia. Vol. III.—Serpentes. London: Secretary of State for India. (Taylor and Francis, printers). xii + 583 pp. (Boiga dightoni, new combination, pp. 359–360).


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