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{{Short description|English author and translator}}
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{{Infobox writer <!-- for more information see [[:Template:Infobox writer/doc]] -->
{{Infobox writer <!-- for more information see [[:Template:Infobox writer/doc]] -->
| name = Sir Thomas Stanley
| name = Sir Thomas Stanley
| image = Thomas Stanley 1660.jpg
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==Life==
==Life==
He was born in [[Cumberlow]], [[Hertfordshire]], the son of Sir Thomas Stanley of [[Cumberlow]], [[Hertfordshire]] and his wife, Mary Hammond. Mary was the cousin of [[Richard Lovelace]], and Stanley was educated in company with the son of [[Edward Fairfax]], the translator of [[Torquato Tasso|Tasso]]. He proceeded to Cambridge in 1637, in his thirteenth year, as a gentleman commoner of [[Pembroke Hall]]. In 1641 he took his M.A. degree, but seems by that time to have proceeded to Oxford.<ref>{{acad|id= STNY639T|name=Stanley, Thomas}}</ref> He subsequently embarked on a legal career.
He was born in [[Cumberlow]], [[Hertfordshire]], the son of Sir Thomas Stanley of Cumberlow and his wife, Mary Hammond. Mary was the cousin of [[Richard Lovelace (poet)|Richard Lovelace]], and Stanley was educated in company with the son of [[Edward Fairfax]], the translator of [[Torquato Tasso|Tasso]]. He proceeded to Cambridge in 1637, in his thirteenth year, as a [[gentleman commoner]] of [[Pembroke Hall]]. In 1641, he took his M.A. degree, but seems by that time to have proceeded to Oxford.<ref>{{acad|id= STNY639T|name=Stanley, Thomas}}</ref> He subsequently embarked on a legal career, entering the [[Middle Temple]] in 1664 to study law.<ref>{{cite book|title=A Catalogue of Notable Middle Templars: With Brief Biographical Notices|first=John|last=Hutchinson|page=233}}</ref>


He was wealthy, married early, and travelled much on the [[Europe|Continent]]. He was the friend and companion, and at need the helper, of many poets, and was himself both a writer and a translator of verse. His portrait was painted by Sir [[Peter Lely]] and by Sir [[Godfrey Kneller]]; in all he was painted at least fifteen times.
He was wealthy, married early, and travelled much in Europe. He was the friend and companion, and at need the helper, of many poets, and was himself both a writer and a translator of verse. His portrait was painted by Sir [[Peter Lely]] and by Sir [[Godfrey Kneller]]; in all he was painted at least fifteen times.


==Writing==
==Writing==
Stanley is a transitional figure in English literature. Born into a later generation than that of [[Edmund Waller|Waller]] and [[John Denham (poet)|Denham]], he rejected their reforms, and was the last to cling to the old prosody and forms of fancy. He is the frankest of all English poets in his preference of decadent and [[Alexandrine]] schools of imagination; among the ancients he admired [[Moschus]], [[Ausonius]], and the ''[[Pervigilium Veneris]]''; among the moderns, [[Joannes Secundus]], Gongora and [[Giambattista Marino|Marino]]. The English metaphysical school closes in Stanley, in whom it finds its most delicate and autumnal exponent, who went on weaving his fantastic conceits in elaborately artificial measures far into the days of [[John Dryden|Dryden]] and [[Samuel Butler (schoolmaster)|Butler]].
Stanley is the last of the [[metaphysical poets]]; born into a later generation than that of [[Edmund Waller]] and [[John Denham (poet)|John Denham]], he rejected their influence in prosody and forms of fancy. He admired [[Moschus]], [[Ausonius]], and the ''[[Pervigilium Veneris]]''; among the moderns, [[Joannes Secundus]], [[Luis de Góngora|Góngora]] and [[Giambattista Marino]].


Stanley's most serious work was his ''The History of Philosophy'', which appeared in three successive volumes between 1655 and 1661. A fourth volume (1662), bearing the title of ''The History of Chaldaick Philosophy'', was translated into Latin by [[Jean Leclerc (theologian)|Jean Le Clerc]] (Amsterdam, 1690). The three earlier volumes were published in an enlarged Latin version by Godfrey Olearius (Leipzig, 1711). In 1664 Stanley published in folio a monumental edition of the text of [[Aeschylus]].
Stanley's major work was ''The History of Philosophy'', a series of critical biographies of philosophers, beginning with [[Thales]]; the life of [[Socrates]] included a [[blank verse]] translation of ''[[The Clouds of Aristophanes]].'' It appeared in three volumes between 1655 and 1661. A fourth volume (1662), bearing the title of ''The History of Chaldaick Philosophy'', was translated into Latin by [[Jean Leclerc (theologian)|Jean Le Clerc]] (Amsterdam, 1690). The three earlier volumes were published in an enlarged Latin version by [[Gottfried Olearius]] (Leipzig, 1711). In 1664 Stanley published in folio a monumental edition of the text of [[Aeschylus]]. [[Richard Bentley]] is said to have appreciated his scholarship, and to have made use of Stanley's notes, on [[Callimachus]].

His ''The History of Philosophy'' was long the principal authority on the progress of thought in [[ancient Greece]]. It took the form of a series of critical biographies of the philosophers, beginning with [[Thales]]; what Stanley aimed at was the providing of necessary information concerning all "those on whom the attribute of Wise was conferred." He is particularly full on the great [[Attica|Attic]] masters, and introduces, "not as a comical divertisement for the reader, but as a necessary supplement to the life of [[Socrates]]," a blank verse translation of ''[[The Clouds of Aristophanes]].'' [[Richard Bentley]] is said to have had a very high appreciation of his scholarship, and to have made use of the poet's copious notes, still in manuscript (in the [[British Museum]], now the [[British Library]]), on [[Callimachus]].


==Works==
==Works==
[[File:Stanley - History of philosophy, 1731 - 4713768.tif|thumb|''History of philosophy'', 1731]]
*''Poems'' (1647)
*''Poems'' (1647)
*''Aurora and the Prince'', from the Spanish of [[Juan Pérez de Montalbán]]; with ''Oronta, the Cyprian Virgin'', from the Italian of [[Girolamo Preti]] (1647)<ref>London: printed for Humphrey Moseley, at the signe of the Princes Armes in St. Pauls Church-yard, 1647</ref>
*''Aurora and the Prince'', from the Spanish of [[Juan Pérez de Montalbán]]; with ''Oronta, the Cyprian Virgin'', from the Italian of [[Girolamo Preti]] (1647)<ref>London: printed for Humphrey Moseley, at the signe of the Princes Armes in St. Pauls Church-yard, 1647</ref>
*Europa, Cupid Crucified, Venus Vigils (1649)
*Europa, Cupid Crucified, Venus Vigils (1649)
*[[Anacreon]]; Bion; Moschus; Kisses by Secundus...'', a volume of translations (1651)
*[[Anacreon]]; Bion; Moschus; Kisses by Secundus...'', a volume of translations (1651)
*''[[The History of Philosophy]]'' ([[London]], [[Humphrey Moseley]] and [[Thomas Dring]]) in 1655, three volumes, (1655, 1656, 1660); a fourth was published in 1662
*''The History of Philosophy'' ([[London]], [[Humphrey Moseley]] and [[Thomas Dring]]) in 1655, three volumes, (1655, 1656, 1660); a fourth was published in 1662.
*"Psalterium Carolinum: The Devotions of His Sacred Majestie in His Solitudes And Sufferings" (1657), a verse rendering of the ''[[Eikon Basilike]]'' with music by [[John Wilson (composer)|John Wilson]].
*''Poems'' (1814) edited by [[Samuel Egerton Brydges]]
*''Poems'' (1814) edited by [[Samuel Egerton Brydges]]
*''Anacreon'' (1883) translation, edited by [[A. H. Bullen]] (with Greek original)
*''Anacreon'' (1883) translation, edited by [[A. H. Bullen]] (with Greek original)


==Family==
==Family and death==
His first wife was '''Dorothy Emyon''', daughter and coheir of Sir James Emyon, of [[Flower, Northamptonshire]], with issue:
Stanley's first wife was '''Dorothy Emyon''', daughter and coheir of Sir James Emyon, of [[Flore, Northamptonshire]], with issue Thomas Stanley (1650 – death unknown).
* '''Thomas Stanley''' (1650-d. unknown)


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After Dorothy's death, Stanley married [[Catherine Killigrew]], with no issue. He died at his lodgings in Suffolk Street, [[Strand, London]] on 12 April 1678, and was buried in the church of [[St Martin-in-the-Fields]].<ref>{{cite ODNB|id=26281|first=Walter|last=Chernaik|title=Stanley, Thomas}}</ref> His widow died in [[Cumberlow]] in 1689.
After Dorothy's death, he remarried to '''[[Catherine Killigrew]]''', with no issue

⚫
He died at his lodgings in Suffolk Street, [[Strand, London]] on 12 April 1678, and was buried in the church of [[St Martin-in-the-Fields]].{{disputed-inline|date=November 2010}}

His widow died in [[Cumberlow]] in 1689.


==Notes==
==Notes==
{{reflist}}
{{Reflist}}


==References==
==References==
*{{EB1911|wstitle=Stanley, Thomas|volume=25|last= Gosse |first= Edmund William |author-link= Edmund William Gosse|page=781–782}}
*{{EB1911}}


==External links==
==External links==
*{{commons category inline}}
* {{commons category-inline}}
*{{cite DNB|wstitle=Stanley, Thomas (1625-1678)}}
* {{cite DNB|wstitle=Stanley, Thomas (1625-1678)}}
*[http://www.univie.ac.at/igl.geschichte/europaquellen/quellen17/stanley1649.htm Thomas Stanley Esquire (1649)] {{de icon}}
* [http://www.univie.ac.at/igl.geschichte/europaquellen/quellen17/stanley1649.htm Thomas Stanley Esquire (1649)] {{in lang|de}}
* {{Gutenberg author | id=36145}}
*[http://www.1911encyclopedia.org/Thomas_Stanley Thomas Stanley entry in the 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica]
* {{Internet Archive author |sname=Thomas Stanley |birth=1625 |death=1678 |sopt=t }}
* {{Librivox author |id=8224}}


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{{Authority control}}
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{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2010}}


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{{Persondata <!-- Metadata: see [[Wikipedia:Persondata]]. -->
|name= Stanley, Thomas
|alternative names=
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|short description= English historian and writer
|date of birth= 1625
|place of birth=Cumberlow, Hertfordshire
|date of death= 1678-04-12
|place of death= Suffolk Street, Strand, London
}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Stanley, Thomas}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Stanley, Thomas}}
[[Category:1625 births]]
[[Category:1625 births]]
[[Category:1678 deaths]]
[[Category:1678 deaths]]
[[Category:English historians]]
[[Category:People from North Hertfordshire District]]
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[[Category:English poets]]
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[[Category:Original Fellows of the Royal Society]]
[[Category:Alumni of Pembroke College, Cambridge]]
[[Category:Alumni of Pembroke College, Cambridge]]
[[Category:Burials in London]]
[[Category:Members of the Middle Temple]]
[[Category:People from Hertfordshire]]
[[Category:17th-century English historians]]
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[[Category:Original Fellows of the Royal Society]]
[[Category:17th-century English writers]]
[[Category:17th-century English writers]]
[[Category:17th-century English male writers]]
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[[Category:English male poets]]

Revision as of 13:38, 24 January 2024

Sir Thomas Stanley
Born1625
Cumberlow, Hertfordshire
Died12 April 1678(1678-04-12) (aged 53)
Suffolk Street, Strand, London
Resting placeSt Martin-in-the-Fields, London
OccupationAuthor and translator
SpracheEnglisch
BildungB.A. (Cantab), M.A. (Cantab)
Alma materPembroke Hall, Cambridge
Notable worksThe History of Philosophy,
The History of Chaldaick Philosophy
SpouseDorothy Emyon,
Catherine Killigrew

Sir Thomas Stanley (1625 – 12 April 1678) was an English author and translator.

Leben

He was born in Cumberlow, Hertfordshire, the son of Sir Thomas Stanley of Cumberlow and his wife, Mary Hammond. Mary was the cousin of Richard Lovelace, and Stanley was educated in company with the son of Edward Fairfax, the translator of Tasso. He proceeded to Cambridge in 1637, in his thirteenth year, as a gentleman commoner of Pembroke Hall. In 1641, he took his M.A. degree, but seems by that time to have proceeded to Oxford.[1] He subsequently embarked on a legal career, entering the Middle Temple in 1664 to study law.[2]

He was wealthy, married early, and travelled much in Europe. He was the friend and companion, and at need the helper, of many poets, and was himself both a writer and a translator of verse. His portrait was painted by Sir Peter Lely and by Sir Godfrey Kneller; in all he was painted at least fifteen times.

Writing

Stanley is the last of the metaphysical poets; born into a later generation than that of Edmund Waller and John Denham, he rejected their influence in prosody and forms of fancy. He admired Moschus, Ausonius, and the Pervigilium Veneris; among the moderns, Joannes Secundus, Góngora and Giambattista Marino.

Stanley's major work was The History of Philosophy, a series of critical biographies of philosophers, beginning with Thales; the life of Socrates included a blank verse translation of The Clouds of Aristophanes. It appeared in three volumes between 1655 and 1661. A fourth volume (1662), bearing the title of The History of Chaldaick Philosophy, was translated into Latin by Jean Le Clerc (Amsterdam, 1690). The three earlier volumes were published in an enlarged Latin version by Gottfried Olearius (Leipzig, 1711). In 1664 Stanley published in folio a monumental edition of the text of Aeschylus. Richard Bentley is said to have appreciated his scholarship, and to have made use of Stanley's notes, on Callimachus.

Works

History of philosophy, 1731
  • Poems (1647)
  • Aurora and the Prince, from the Spanish of Juan Pérez de Montalbán; with Oronta, the Cyprian Virgin, from the Italian of Girolamo Preti (1647)[3]
  • Europa, Cupid Crucified, Venus Vigils (1649)
  • Anacreon; Bion; Moschus; Kisses by Secundus..., a volume of translations (1651)
  • The History of Philosophy (London, Humphrey Moseley and Thomas Dring) in 1655, three volumes, (1655, 1656, 1660); a fourth was published in 1662.
  • "Psalterium Carolinum: The Devotions of His Sacred Majestie in His Solitudes And Sufferings" (1657), a verse rendering of the Eikon Basilike with music by John Wilson.
  • Poems (1814) edited by Samuel Egerton Brydges
  • Anacreon (1883) translation, edited by A. H. Bullen (with Greek original)

Family and death

Stanley's first wife was Dorothy Emyon, daughter and coheir of Sir James Emyon, of Flore, Northamptonshire, with issue Thomas Stanley (1650 – death unknown).

After Dorothy's death, Stanley married Catherine Killigrew, with no issue. He died at his lodgings in Suffolk Street, Strand, London on 12 April 1678, and was buried in the church of St Martin-in-the-Fields.[4] His widow died in Cumberlow in 1689.

Notes

  1. ^ "Stanley, Thomas (STNY639T)". A Cambridge Alumni Database. University of Cambridge.
  2. ^ Hutchinson, John. A Catalogue of Notable Middle Templars: With Brief Biographical Notices. p. 233.
  3. ^ London: printed for Humphrey Moseley, at the signe of the Princes Armes in St. Pauls Church-yard, 1647
  4. ^ Chernaik, Walter. "Stanley, Thomas". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/26281. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)

References

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