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{{Short description|Egyptian Minister of Culture during the Nasserite era}}
⚫
'''Tharwat Okasha''' ({{lang-ar|ثروت عكاشة}}; 1921–27 February 2012) was an Egyptian writer, translator and [[Minister of Culture]] during the Nasserite era, Tharwat Okasha, who is referred to as the founder of Egypt's cultural institutions.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://english.ahram.org.eg/NewsContentP/18/35564/Books/Tharwat-Okasha,-a-founder-of-Egypt%E2%80%99s-culture-insti.aspx|title=Tharwat Okasha, a founder of Egypt’s culture institutions dies - Books - Ahram Online|website=english.ahram.org.eg|language=en|access-date=2017-10-27}}</ref>
[[File:Tharwat_Okasha.jpg|thumb|Tharwat Okasha]]


⚫
'''Tharwat Okasha''' (also spelt Sarwat Okasha, {{lang-ar|ثروت عكاشة}}; 1921–27 February 2012) was an Egyptian writer, translator and influential [[Ministry of Culture (Egypt)|Minister of Culture]] during the [[History of Egypt under Gamal Abdel Nasser|Nasserite era]], and is known as the "founder of Egypt's cultural institutions."<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://english.ahram.org.eg/NewsContentP/18/35564/Books/Tharwat-Okasha,-a-founder-of-Egypt%E2%80%99s-culture-insti.aspx|title=Tharwat Okasha, a founder of Egypt's culture institutions dies - Books - Ahram Online|website=english.ahram.org.eg|language=en|access-date=27 October 2017}}</ref>
==Life and career==
⚫
Tharwat Okasha was an army officer involved in the [[Free Officers Movement (Egypt)|Free Officers Movement]], along with former president [[Nasser]] and his comrades, which toppled [[King Farouk of Egypt]] from his crown in what is known as the 23 July Revolution of 1952. As a child of an aristocratic family, Okasha received a good education, read books in foreign languages, and learned music very early on in his home. This background made him the most cultured and enlightened officer among his group of army officers.


==Biography==
He was appointed minister of culture in the late 1950s by President [[Nasser]]. Okasha held the position twice from 1958 to 1962 and, again, from 1966 to 1970. The two terms made him the most prominent minister of culture in Egypt's modern history.
⚫
Tharwat Okasha was an army officer involved in the [[Free Officers Movement (Egypt)|Free Officers Movement]], along with former president [[Nasser]] and his comrades, which toppled [[King Farouk of Egypt]] from his crown in what is known as the 23 July Revolution of 1952.<ref name=tunzel>{{cite book|author=Alex von Tunzelmann|title=Blood and Sand: Suez, Hungary and the Crisis That Shook the World|publisher=Simon & Schuster|year=2016|isbn=978-1-4711-3557-6| url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wEWXCgAAQBAJ&pg=PP147|location=London|page=147}}</ref> As a child of an aristocratic family, Okasha received a good education, read books in foreign languages, and learned music very early on at home. This background made him the most cultured and enlightened officer among his group of army officers.


Okasha received his PhD in literature from [[Sorbonne]] in the 1960s and worked as visiting scholar at the [[Collège de France|College De France]]. He published more than 70 books, including his three-volume memoir titled ''My Memoirs in Politics and Culture'', which is considered a rich resource for historians of the Nasserite era; as well as a 38-volume encyclopedia of arts titled ''The Eye Listens and the Ear Sees''.
Okasha received his PhD in literature from [[University of Paris|Sorbonne]] in the 1960s and worked as visiting scholar at the [[Collège de France]]. He published more than 70 books, including his three-volume memoir titled ''My Memoirs in Politics and Culture'', which is considered a rich resource for historians of the Nasserite era; as well as a 38-volume encyclopedia of arts titled ''The Eye Listens and the Ear Sees''.


Okasha served as the press attaché at the Embassy of Egypt in Paris.<ref name=tunzel/> He was appointed Minister of Culture in the late 1950s by President [[Nasser]]. Okasha held the position twice, from 1958 to 1962, and again from 1966 to 1970.<ref>{{cite journal|author=Chihab El Khachab|title=A brief history of the future of culture in Egypt|journal=Journal of the African Literature Association|date=2021|volume=15|issue=3|page=371 |doi=10.1080/21674736.2021.1935065|s2cid=237823111 |url=https://doi.org/10.1080/21674736.2021.1935065|doi-access=free}}</ref> In his first term Okasha replaced Fathi Radwan in the post on 7 October 1958 and was succeeded by Mohammed Abdul Qader on 27 September 1962.<ref name=prem>{{cite web|title=Previous Ministers|url=http://www.moc.gov.eg/en/ministry/previous-ministers/ |publisher=Ministry of Culture|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200808094540/http://www.moc.gov.eg/en/ministry/previous-ministers/|archive-date=8 August 2020}}</ref> Okasha's second term began on 10 September 1966, and he was in office until 18 November 1970 when [[Badr Al Din Abu Ghazi]] was named minister of culture.<ref name=prem/>
⚫
During his terms in ministerial posts, he founded many cultural institutions that are still functioning and considered major Egyptian landmarks. For example, he founded the High Council for Culture and Arts (now called the Supreme Council for Culture), the Egyptian Book Organisation and, most importantly, the Arts Academy.


⚫
During his terms in ministerial posts, he founded many cultural institutions that are still functioning and considered major Egyptian landmarks. For example, he founded the High Council for Culture and Arts (now called the Supreme Council for Culture), the General Egyptian Book Organisation and, most importantly, the Arts Academy.
⚫
==His Works==

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==Works==
===Books and studies===
===Books and studies===
* Encyclopedia of History of Art: (The eye hears and the ear sees):
* Encyclopedia of the History of Art. The Listening Eye, the Seeing Ear:
# Ancient Egyptian Art: Architecture (1971).
# Ancient Egyptian Art: Architecture (1971).
# Ancient Egyptian art: Sculpture and Painting (1972).
# Ancient Egyptian Art: Sculpture and Painting (1972).
# Ancient Egyptian Art: Alexandrian and Coptic Art (1976).
# Ancient Egyptian Art: Alexandrian and Coptic Art (1976).
# The Ancient Iraqi Art (1974).
# Ancient Iraqi Art (1974).
# Religious Islamic and Arab Painting Art(1978).
# Religious Islamic and Arab Painting (1978).
# Islamic Persian and Turkish Painting Art (1983).
# Islamic Persian and Turkish Painting (1983).
# The Greek Art (1981).
# Greek Art (1981).
# The Ancient Persian art (1989).
# Ancient Persian Art (1989).
# Renaissance Art: Renaissance, Baroque and Rococo (1988).
# Renaissance Art: Renaissance, Baroque and Rococo (1988).
# Roman art (1991).
# Roman art (1991).
# Byzantine Art (1992).
# Byzantine Art (1992).
# Art of the Middle Ages (1992).
# Art of the Middle Ages (1992).
# Painting Art in the Islamic Moghol India (1995).
# Painting in Islamic Moghol India (1995).


* Time and the Melody Songs: from Apollo's Songs to Turangalila (1980).
* Time and the Melody Songs: from Apollo's Songs to Turangalila (1980).
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* Modern Man Crowning Ramses' Era (1971).
* Modern Man Crowning Ramses' Era (1971).
* Hurricane from the East or Genghis Khan (1952).
* Hurricane from the East or Genghis Khan (1952).
* Egypt in the eyes of Outsiders (1984).
* Egypt in the Eyes of Outsiders (1984).
* My Diary in Politics and Culture (1988).
* My Memoirs in Politics and Culture (1988).
* Series of lectures in College de France in 1973.
* Series of lectures at Collège de France in 1973.


===Translations===
===Translations===
Okasha had translated books, many, including:
Okasha translated many books into Arabic, including:
* The works of the poet Ovid such as Amores and Metamorphoses .
* The works of the poet [[Ovid]], such as [[Amores (Ovid)|''Amores'']] and ''[[Metamorphoses]]''.
* The works of Khalil Gibran such as the Prophet.
* The works of [[Kahlil Gibran]], such as [[The Prophet (book)|''The Prophet'']].
* Ancient Egyptian Theatre, by Étienne Drioton (1967).
* ''Le théâtre égyptien'', by [[Étienne Drioton]] (1967).
* Fond of Wagner, George Bernard Shaw (1965).
* ''[[The Perfect Wagnerite]]'', by [[George Bernard Shaw]] (1965).
* Back to the Faith, by Henry Nick (1950).
* Back to the Faith, by Henry Nick (1950).
* Mr. Adam, by Ban Frank (1948).
* ''[[Mr. Adam]]'', by [[Pat Frank]] (1948).
* Pastor's Pants, Thorne-Smith (1952).
* ''The Bishop's Jaegers'', by [[Thorne Smith]] (1952).
* Mechanical War, Gen. Fuller (1942).
* ''Machine Warfare'', by [[J. F. C. Fuller]] (1942).


===The most important achievements of culture and civilization===
===Important achievements in the field of culture and heritage===
* Project of saving the Monuments of Nubia and the Temple of Abu Simbel and Philae Temple.
* The [[International Campaign to Save the Monuments of Nubia]].
* Institutes of Ballet and Conservatoire, Cinema and Art Criticism, then these institutes included in the Academy of Arts.
* The Institutes of Ballet, Music, and Cinematography; later amalgamated into the [[Academy of Arts (Egypt)|Academy of Arts]].
* The New Egyptian Book Library and Archives (Dar al-Kutub).
* The [[Egyptian National Library and Archives]] (Dar al-Kutub).
* Cultural Palaces.
* Cultural Palaces.
* Cairo Opera Ballet team.
* The [[Cairo Opera Ballet Company]].
* Sound and light shows in Giza pyramids and the Saladin castle and Karnak temple.
* Sound and light shows at the [[Giza pyramid complex|pyramids of Giza]], the [[Cairo Citadel|Citadel of Saladin (Cairo)]], and the [[Karnak|Karnak Temple Complex]].
* The sun boats Museum.
* The [[Giza Solar boat museum|Giza Solar Boat Museum]].


==References==
==References==
{{Reflist}}
{{Reflist}}

{{s-start}}
{{s-off}}
{{s-bef|before=''Office established''}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[Ministry of Culture (Egypt)|Minister of Culture of Egypt]]
|years=1958 – 1962, 1967 - 1970}}
{{s-inc}}
{{end}}


{{Authority control}}
{{Authority control}}
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[[Category:1921 births]]
[[Category:1921 births]]
[[Category:2012 deaths]]
[[Category:2012 deaths]]
[[Category:Government ministers of Egypt]]
[[Category:Culture ministers of Egypt]]
[[Category:Egyptian translators]]
[[Category:Egyptian translators]]
[[Category:20th-century translators]]
[[Category:20th-century translators]]
[[Category:University of Paris alumni]]
[[Category:University of Paris alumni]]
[[Category:Egyptian expatriates in France]]
[[Category:Egyptian expatriates in France]]
[[Category:Syrian ministers of culture]]

Latest revision as of 01:31, 25 January 2024

Tharwat Okasha

Tharwat Okasha (also spelt Sarwat Okasha, Arabic: ثروت عكاشة; 1921–27 February 2012) was an Egyptian writer, translator and influential Minister of Culture during the Nasserite era, and is known as the "founder of Egypt's cultural institutions."[1]

Biography

[edit]

Tharwat Okasha was an army officer involved in the Free Officers Movement, along with former president Nasser and his comrades, which toppled King Farouk of Egypt from his crown in what is known as the 23 July Revolution of 1952.[2] As a child of an aristocratic family, Okasha received a good education, read books in foreign languages, and learned music very early on at home. This background made him the most cultured and enlightened officer among his group of army officers.

Okasha received his PhD in literature from Sorbonne in the 1960s and worked as visiting scholar at the Collège de France. He published more than 70 books, including his three-volume memoir titled My Memoirs in Politics and Culture, which is considered a rich resource for historians of the Nasserite era; as well as a 38-volume encyclopedia of arts titled The Eye Listens and the Ear Sees.

Okasha served as the press attaché at the Embassy of Egypt in Paris.[2] He was appointed Minister of Culture in the late 1950s by President Nasser. Okasha held the position twice, from 1958 to 1962, and again from 1966 to 1970.[3] In his first term Okasha replaced Fathi Radwan in the post on 7 October 1958 and was succeeded by Mohammed Abdul Qader on 27 September 1962.[4] Okasha's second term began on 10 September 1966, and he was in office until 18 November 1970 when Badr Al Din Abu Ghazi was named minister of culture.[4]

During his terms in ministerial posts, he founded many cultural institutions that are still functioning and considered major Egyptian landmarks. For example, he founded the High Council for Culture and Arts (now called the Supreme Council for Culture), the General Egyptian Book Organisation and, most importantly, the Arts Academy.

Works

[edit]

Books and studies

[edit]
  • Encyclopedia of the History of Art. The Listening Eye, the Seeing Ear:
  1. Ancient Egyptian Art: Architecture (1971).
  2. Ancient Egyptian Art: Sculpture and Painting (1972).
  3. Ancient Egyptian Art: Alexandrian and Coptic Art (1976).
  4. Ancient Iraqi Art (1974).
  5. Religious Islamic and Arab Painting (1978).
  6. Islamic Persian and Turkish Painting (1983).
  7. Greek Art (1981).
  8. Ancient Persian Art (1989).
  9. Renaissance Art: Renaissance, Baroque and Rococo (1988).
  10. Roman art (1991).
  11. Byzantine Art (1992).
  12. Art of the Middle Ages (1992).
  13. Painting in Islamic Moghol India (1995).
  • Time and the Melody Songs: from Apollo's Songs to Turangalila (1980).
  • Aesthetic Values in Islamic Architecture (1981).
  • Greeks Between Mythology and Innovation (1978).
  • Michelangelo (1980).
  • Miraj Nameh (1981).
  • Al-Wasiti's Art through Al-Hariri's Maqamat (1999).
  • Dictionary of the Cultural Idioms.
  • Cautious Fond of Wagner (1975).
  • Modern Man Crowning Ramses' Era (1971).
  • Hurricane from the East or Genghis Khan (1952).
  • Egypt in the Eyes of Outsiders (1984).
  • My Memoirs in Politics and Culture (1988).
  • Series of lectures at Collège de France in 1973.

Translations

[edit]

Okasha translated many books into Arabic, including:

Important achievements in the field of culture and heritage

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "Tharwat Okasha, a founder of Egypt's culture institutions dies - Books - Ahram Online". english.ahram.org.eg. Retrieved 27 October 2017.
  2. ^ a b Alex von Tunzelmann (2016). Blood and Sand: Suez, Hungary and the Crisis That Shook the World. London: Simon & Schuster. p. 147. ISBN 978-1-4711-3557-6.
  3. ^ Chihab El Khachab (2021). "A brief history of the future of culture in Egypt". Journal of the African Literature Association. 15 (3): 371. doi:10.1080/21674736.2021.1935065. S2CID 237823111.
  4. ^ a b "Previous Ministers". Ministry of Culture. Archived from the original on 8 August 2020.
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