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1814–15 United States Senate elections: Difference between revisions

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{{Short description|none}}
{{For|related races|1814 United States elections}}
{{Infobox election
{{Infobox election
| election_name = 1814 and 1815 United States Senate elections
| election_name = 1814–15 United States Senate elections
| country = United States
| country = United States
| flag_year = 1795
| flag_year = 1795
| type = legislative
| type = legislative
| ongoing = no
| ongoing = no
| previous_election = 1812 and 1813 United States Senate elections
| previous_election = 1812–13 United States Senate elections
| previous_year = 1812/13
| previous_year = {{Nowrap|1812 & 1813}}
| next_election = 1816 and 1817 United States Senate elections
| next_election = 1816–17 United States Senate elections
| next_year = 1816/17
| next_year = {{Nowrap|1816 & 1817}}
| seats_for_election = 12 of the 36 seats in the [[United States Senate]] (plus special elections)
| seats_for_election = 12 of the 36 seats in the [[United States Senate]] (plus special elections)
| majority_seats = 19
| majority_seats = 19
| election_date = Dates vary by state
| election_date = Dates vary by state
| image_size = 100px
| image_size = 100px
| 1blank = Seats up
| 1blank = Seats up
| image1 =

| party1 = Democratic-Republican Party
| image1 =
| last_election1 = '''28 seats'''
| party1 = Democratic-Republican Party
| last_election1 = '''28 seats'''
| seats_before1 = '''26'''
| seats_before1 = '''26'''
| seats1 = '''5'''
| seats1 = '''5'''
| seats_after1 = '''22'''
| seat_change1 = {{decrease}} 3
| seats_after1 = '''22'''
| 1data1 = 8
| seat_change1 = {{decrease}} 3
| 1data1 = 8
| image2 =
| party2 = Federalist Party

| last_election2 = 8 seats
| image2 =
| seats_before2 = 10
| party2 = Federalist Party
| seats2 = '''5'''
| last_election2 = 8 seats
| seats_after2 = 11
| seats_before2 = 10
| seat_change2 = {{increase}} 1
| seats2 = '''5'''
| 1data2 = 4
| seats_after2 = 11
| title = Majority Party
| seat_change2 = {{increase}} 1
| 1data2 = 4
| before_election =
| before_party = Democratic-Republican Party

| after_election =
| title = Majority Party
| after_party = Democratic-Republican Party
| before_election =
| map_image = File:1814senatemap.svg
| before_party = Democratic-Republican Party
| map_caption = '''Results:'''<br/>{{Legend0|#f2bfa6|Federalist hold}} {{legend0|#e27036|Federalist gain}}<br/>{{Legend0|#bef3be|Dem-Republican hold}} {{legend0|#000000ff|Legislature Failed To Elect}}
| after_election =
| after_party = Democratic-Republican Party
}}
}}
The '''1814–15 United States Senate elections''' were held on various dates in various states. As these [[United States Senate|U.S. Senate]] elections were prior to the ratification of the [[Seventeenth Amendment to the United States Constitution|Seventeenth Amendment]] in 1913, senators were chosen by [[State legislature (United States)|state legislatures]]. Senators were elected over a wide range of time throughout 1814 and 1815, and a seat may have been filled months late or remained vacant due to [[Gridlock (politics)|legislative deadlock]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.archives.gov/milestone-documents/17th-amendment|title=17th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution: Direct Election of U.S. Senators (1913)|website=National Archives and Records Administration|date=February 8, 2022}}</ref> In these elections, terms were up for the senators in [[Classes of United States senators|Class 1]].
The '''United States Senate elections of 1814 and 1815''' were elections that had the [[Democratic-Republican Party]] lose a seat but still retain an overwhelming majority in the [[United States Senate]]. Unlike in recent elections, the minority Federalists had gone into the elections with a chance of regaining their long-lost majority had they swept almost all the seats. However, only one seat switched parties. Two seats held by Democratic-Republicans were left unfilled until long after the next Congress began.


The [[Democratic-Republican Party]] lost a seat but still retained their overwhelming Senate majority. Unlike in recent elections, the minority Federalists had gone into the elections with a chance of regaining their long-lost majority had they swept almost all the seats. However, only one seat switched parties. Two seats held by Democratic-Republicans were left unfilled until long after the next Congress began.
As these elections were prior to ratification of the [[Seventeenth Amendment to the United States Constitution|seventeenth amendment]], Senators were chosen by [[State legislature (United States)|state legislatures]].


== Change in composition ==
== Change in composition ==
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|-
|-
| colspan=9 style="text-align:right" | '''Majority →'''
| colspan=9 style="text-align:right" | '''Majority →'''
| rowspan=2 {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican/active}} | DR{{Sub|19}}<br/>{{Small|[[#New Jersey|{{abbr|N.J.|New Jersey}}]]}}<br/>{{Small|Ran}}
| rowspan=2 {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican/active}} | DR{{Sub|19}}<br/>{{Small|[[#Maryland|{{Abbr|Md.|Maryland}}]]}}<br/>{{Small|Unknown}}


|-
|-
| {{Party shading/Federalist/active}} | F{{Sub|9}}<br/>{{Small|[[#Massachusetts|{{abbr|Mass.|Massachusetts}}]]}}<br/>{{Small|Ran}}
| {{Party shading/Federalist/active}} | F{{Sub|9}}<br/>{{Small|[[#Massachusetts (Regular)|{{Abbr|Mass.|Massachusetts}} (reg)]]}}<br/>{{Small|Ran}}
| {{Party shading/Federalist/active}} | F{{Sub|10}}<br/>{{Small|[[#Rhode Island|{{abbr|R.I.|Rhode Island}}]]}}<br/>{{Small|Ran}}
| {{Party shading/Federalist/active}} | F{{Sub|10}}<br/>{{Small|[[#Rhode Island|{{Abbr|R.I.|Rhode Island}}]]}}<br/>{{Small|Ran}}
| {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican/active}} | DR{{Sub|26}}<br/>{{Small|[[#Vermont|{{abbr|Vt.|Vermont}}]]}}<br/>{{Small|Retired}}
| {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican/active}} | DR{{Sub|26}}<br/>{{Small|[[#Virginia|{{Abbr|Va.|Virginia}}]]}}<br/>{{Small|Ran}}
| {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican/active}} | DR{{Sub|25}}<br/>{{Small|[[#Tennessee|{{abbr|Tenn.|Tennessee}}]]}}<br/>{{Small|Retired}}
| {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican/active}} | DR{{Sub|25}}<br/>{{Small|[[#Vermont|{{Abbr|Vt.|Vermont}}]]}}<br/>{{Small|Retired}}
| {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican/active}} | DR{{Sub|24}}<br/>{{Small|[[#Ohio|Ohio]]}}<br/>{{Small|Retired}}
| {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican/active}} | DR{{Sub|24}}<br/>{{Small|[[#Tennessee (Regular)|{{Abbr|Tenn.|Tennessee}} (reg)]]}}<br/>{{Small|Retired}}
| {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican/active}} | DR{{Sub|23}}<br/>{{Small|[[#New York|{{abbr|N.Y.|New York}}]]}}<br/>{{Small|Unknown}}
| {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican/active}} | DR{{Sub|23}}<br/>{{Small|[[#Pennsylvania (Regular)|{{Abbr|Pa.|Pennsylvania}}]]}}<br/>{{Small|Ran}}
| {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican/active}} | DR{{Sub|22}}<br/>{{Small|[[#Maryland|{{abbr|Md.|Maryland}}]]}}<br/>{{Small|Unknown}}
| {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican/active}} | DR{{Sub|22}}<br/>{{Small|[[#Ohio (Regular)|Ohio (reg)]]}}<br/>{{Small|Retired}}
| {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican/active}} | DR{{Sub|21}}<br/>{{Small|[[#Virginia|{{abbr|Va.|Virginia}}]]}}<br/>{{Small|Ran}}
| {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican/active}} | DR{{Sub|21}}<br/>{{Small|[[#New York|{{Abbr|N.Y.|New York}}]]}}<br/>{{Small|Unknown}}
| {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican/active}} | DR{{Sub|20}}<br/>{{Small|[[#Pennsylvania|{{abbr|Pa.|Pennsylvania}}]]}}<br/>{{Small|Ran}}
| {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican/active}} | DR{{Sub|20}}<br/>{{Small|[[#New Jersey|{{Abbr|N.J.|New Jersey}}]]}}<br/>{{Small|Ran}}


|-
|-
| {{Party shading/Federalist/active}} | F{{Sub|8}}<br/>{{Small|[[#Delaware|{{abbr|Del.|Delaware}}]]}}<br/>{{Small|Ran}}
| {{Party shading/Federalist/active}} | F{{Sub|8}}<br/>{{Small|[[#Delaware|{{Abbr|Del.|Delaware}}]]}}<br/>{{Small|Ran}}
| {{Party shading/Federalist/active}} | F{{Sub|7}}<br/>{{Small|[[#Connecticut|{{abbr|Conn.|Connecticut}}]]}}<br/>{{Small|Ran}}
| {{Party shading/Federalist/active}} | F{{Sub|7}}<br/>{{Small|[[#Connecticut|{{Abbr|Conn.|Connecticut}}]]}}<br/>{{Small|Ran}}
| {{Party shading/Federalist}} | F{{Sub|6}}
| {{Party shading/Federalist}} | F{{Sub|6}}
| {{Party shading/Federalist}} | F{{Sub|5}}
| {{Party shading/Federalist}} | F{{Sub|5}}
Line 99: Line 98:
|}
|}


=== Result of the general elections ===
=== Result of the regular elections ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width=800px
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" width=800px


Line 126: Line 125:
|-
|-
| colspan=9 style="text-align:right" | '''Majority →'''
| colspan=9 style="text-align:right" | '''Majority →'''
| rowspan=2 {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican/active}} | DR{{Sub|19}}<br/>{{Small|[[#Pennsylvania|{{abbr|Pa.|Pennsylvania}}]]}}<br/>{{Small|Re-elected}}
| rowspan=2 {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican/active}} | DR{{Sub|19}}<br/>{{Small|[[#New Jersey|{{Abbr|N.J.|New Jersey}}]]}}<br/>{{Small|Hold}}


|-
|-
| {{Party shading/Federalist/active}} | F{{Sub|9}}<br/>{{Small|[[#Massachusetts|{{abbr|Mass.|Massachusetts}}]]}}<br/>{{Small|Re-elected}}
| {{Party shading/Federalist/active}} | F{{Sub|9}}<br/>{{Small|[[#Massachusetts (Regular)|{{Abbr|Mass.|Massachusetts}} (reg)]]}}<br/>{{Small|Re-elected}}
| {{Party shading/Federalist/active}} | F{{Sub|10}}<br/>{{Small|[[#Rhode Island|{{abbr|R.I.|Rhode Island}}]]}}<br/>{{Small|Re-elected}}
| {{Party shading/Federalist/active}} | F{{Sub|10}}<br/>{{Small|[[#Rhode Island|{{Abbr|R.I.|Rhode Island}}]]}}<br/>{{Small|Re-elected}}
| {{Party shading/Federalist/active}} | F{{Sub|11}}<br/>{{Small|[[#Vermont|{{abbr|Vt.|Vermont}}]]}}<br/>{{Small|Gain}}
| {{Party shading/Federalist/active}} | F{{Sub|11}}<br/>{{Small|[[#Vermont|{{Abbr|Vt.|Vermont}}]]}}<br/>{{Small|Gain}}
| {{Party shading/Vacant/active}} | V{{Sub|1}}<br/>{{Small|[[#Tennessee|{{abbr|Tenn.|Tennessee}}]]}}<br/>{{Small|DR Loss}}
| {{Party shading/Vacant/active}} | V{{Sub|1}}<br/>{{Small|[[#Tennessee (Regular)|{{Abbr|Tenn.|Tennessee}} (reg)]]}}<br/>{{Small|DR Loss}}
| {{Party shading/Vacant/active}} | V{{Sub|2}}<br/>{{Small|[[#Maryland|{{abbr|Md.|Maryland}}]]}}<br/>{{Small|DR Loss}}
| {{Party shading/Vacant/active}} | V{{Sub|2}}<br/>{{Small|[[#Maryland|{{Abbr|Md.|Maryland}}]]}}<br/>{{Small|DR Loss}}
| {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican/active}} | DR{{Sub|23}}<br/>{{Small|[[#Virginia|{{abbr|Va.|Virginia}}]]}}<br/>{{Small|Hold}}
| {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican/active}} | DR{{Sub|23}}<br/>{{Small|[[#Virginia|{{Abbr|Va.|Virginia}}]]}}<br/>{{Small|Hold}}
| {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican/active}} | DR{{Sub|22}}<br/>{{Small|[[#Ohio|Ohio]]}}<br/>{{Small|Hold}}
| {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican/active}} | DR{{Sub|22}}<br/>{{Small|[[#Pennsylvania (Regular)|{{Abbr|Pa.|Pennsylvania}} (reg)]]}}<br/>{{Small|Re-elected}}
| {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican/active}} | DR{{Sub|21}}<br/>{{Small|[[#New York|{{abbr|N.Y.|New York}}]]}}<br/>{{Small|Hold}}
| {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican/active}} | DR{{Sub|21}}<br/>{{Small|[[#Ohio (Regular)|Ohio (reg)]]}}<br/>{{Small|Hold}}
| {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican/active}} | DR{{Sub|20}}<br/>{{Small|[[#New Jersey|{{abbr|N.J.|New Jersey}}]]}}<br/>{{Small|Hold}}
| {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican/active}} | DR{{Sub|20}}<br/>{{Small|[[#New York|{{Abbr|N.Y.|New York}}]]}}<br/>{{Small|Hold}}


|-
|-
| {{Party shading/Federalist/active}} | F{{Sub|8}}<br/>{{Small|[[#Delaware|{{abbr|Del.|Delaware}}]]}}<br/>{{Small|Re-elected}}
| {{Party shading/Federalist/active}} | F{{Sub|8}}<br/>{{Small|[[#Delaware|{{Abbr|Del.|Delaware}}]]}}<br/>{{Small|Re-elected}}
| {{Party shading/Federalist/active}} | F{{Sub|7}}<br/>{{Small|[[#Connecticut|{{abbr|Conn.|Connecticut}}]]}}<br/>{{Small|Re-elected}}
| {{Party shading/Federalist/active}} | F{{Sub|7}}<br/>{{Small|[[#Connecticut|{{Abbr|Conn.|Connecticut}}]]}}<br/>{{Small|Re-elected}}
| {{Party shading/Federalist}} | F{{Sub|6}}
| {{Party shading/Federalist}} | F{{Sub|6}}
| {{Party shading/Federalist}} | F{{Sub|5}}
| {{Party shading/Federalist}} | F{{Sub|5}}
Line 153: Line 152:
{|
{|
|- valign=top
|- valign=top
! Key:
! Key
|
|
{| class=wikitable
{| class=wikitable
Line 187: Line 186:


|-
|-
! [[#Pennsylvania (Special)|Pennsylvania]]<br/>(Class 3)
! [[#Pennsylvania (special)|Pennsylvania]]<br/>(Class 3)
| [[Michael Leib]]
| [[Michael Leib]]
| {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | Democratic-<br/>Republican
| {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | Democratic-<br/>Republican
| [[1809 United States Senate special election in Pennsylvania|1809{{Small| (Special)}}]]<br/>[[1808 United States Senate election in Pennsylvania|1808]]
| [[1809 United States Senate special election in Pennsylvania|1809{{Small| (special)}}]]<br/>[[1808 United States Senate election in Pennsylvania|1808]]
| {{Party shading/Hold}} | Incumbent resigned to become [[Postmaster of Philadelphia]].<br/>New senator [[1814 United States Senate special election in Pennsylvania|elected]] '''February 24, 1814'''.<ref name="PA Sp">{{cite web | title=U.S. Senate Election - February 24, 1814 | url=http://staffweb.wilkes.edu/harold.cox/sen/PaSen1814A.pdf | publisher=Wilkes University | access-date=December 21, 2012}}</ref><br/>Democratic-Republican hold.<br/>Winner was never seated due to a failure to qualify.
| {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican/Hold}} | Incumbent resigned to become [[Postmaster of Philadelphia]].<br/>New senator [[1814 United States Senate special election in Pennsylvania|elected]] '''February 24, 1814'''.<ref name="PA Sp">{{cite web | title=U.S. Senate Election - February 24, 1814 | url=http://staffweb.wilkes.edu/harold.cox/sen/PaSen1814A.pdf | publisher=Wilkes University | access-date=December 21, 2012}}</ref><br/>Democratic-Republican hold.<br/>Winner was never seated due to a failure to qualify.
| nowrap | {{Plainlist|
| nowrap | '''{{Aye}} [[Jonathan Roberts (politician)|Jonathan Roberts]]''' (Democratic-Republican) 82<br/>[[Thomas Sergeant]] (Democratic-Republican) 23<br/>[[Horace Binney]] (Federalist) 8<br/>John Steele (Federalist) 1<br/>[[Horatio Gates Jones]] (Democratic-Republican) 1<br/>[[Isaac Wayne]] (Federalist) 1<br/>Not voting 10<ref name="PA Sp"/>
* {{Party stripe|Democratic-Republican Party}}'''{{Aye}} [[Jonathan Roberts (politician)|Jonathan Roberts]]''' (Democratic-Republican) 82
* {{Party stripe|Democratic-Republican Party}}[[Thomas Sergeant]] (Democratic-Republican) 23
* {{Party stripe|Federalist Party}}[[Horace Binney]] (Federalist) 8
* {{Party stripe|Federalist Party}}John Steele (Federalist) 1
* {{Party stripe|Democratic-Republican Party}}[[Horatio Gates Jones]] (Democratic-Republican) 1
* {{Party stripe|Federalist Party}}[[Isaac Wayne]] (Federalist) 1
* {{Party stripe|Unknown}}Not voting 10<ref name="PA Sp"/>
}}


|-
|-
! [[#New Hampshire (Special)|New Hampshire]]<br/>(Class 2)
! [[#New Hampshire (special)|New Hampshire]]<br/>(Class 2)
| [[Nicholas Gilman]]
| [[Nicholas Gilman]]
| {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | Democratic-<br/>Republican
| {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | Democratic-<br/>Republican
| [[1804 United States Senate election in New Hampshire|1804]]<br/>[[1810 United States Senate election in New Hampshire|1810]]
| [[1804 United States Senate election in New Hampshire|1804]]<br/>[[1810 United States Senate election in New Hampshire|1810]]
| {{Party shading/Federalist}} | Incumbent died May 4, 1814.<br/>New senator <!--[[1814 United States Senate special election in New Hampshire|elected]]-->elected '''June 24, 1814'''.<br/>'''Federalist gain'''.
| {{Party shading/Federalist}} | Incumbent died May 4, 1814.<br/>New senator <!--[[1814 United States Senate special election in New Hampshire|elected]]-->elected '''June 24, 1814'''.<br/>'''Federalist gain'''.
| nowrap | {{Plainlist|
| nowrap | '''{{Aye}} [[Thomas W. Thompson]]''' (Federalist) 93<br/>[[Samuel Bell]] 80<br/>Scattering 5<ref>{{cite web | publisher= [[Tufts University]] | work= Tufts Digital Collations and Archives | series= A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825 | access-date= February 25, 2018 | title= New Hampshire 1814 U.S. Senate, Special | url= https://elections.lib.tufts.edu/catalog/tufts:nh.ussenator.1814}}, citing Concord Gazette (Concord, NH). June 28, 1814. Turner, Lynn Warren. The Ninth State: New Hampshire's Formative Years. Chapel Hill, NC: The University of North Carolina Press, 1983. 292.</ref>
* {{Party stripe|Federalist Party}}'''{{Aye}} [[Thomas W. Thompson]]''' (Federalist) 93
* {{Party stripe|Democratic-Republican Party}}[[Samuel Bell (New Hampshire politician)|Samuel Bell]] (Democratic-Republican) 80
* {{Party stripe|Unknown}}Scattering 5<ref>{{cite web | publisher= [[Tufts University]] | work= Tufts Digital Collations and Archives | series= A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825 | access-date= February 25, 2018 | title= New Hampshire 1814 U.S. Senate, Special | url= https://elections.lib.tufts.edu/catalog/tufts:nh.ussenator.1814}}, citing Concord Gazette (Concord, NH). June 28, 1814. Turner, Lynn Warren. The Ninth State: New Hampshire's Formative Years. Chapel Hill, NC: The University of North Carolina Press, 1983. 292.</ref>
}}


|-
|-
! [[#Ohio (Special)|Ohio]]<br/>(Class 1)
! [[#Ohio (special)|Ohio]]<br/>(Class 1)
| [[Thomas Worthington (governor)|Thomas Worthington]]
| [[Thomas Worthington (governor)|Thomas Worthington]]
| {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | Democratic-<br/>Republican
| {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | Democratic-<br/>Republican
| [[1803 United States Senate elections in Ohio|1803]]<br/>1807{{Small| (Retired)}}<br/>[[1810 United States Senate special election in Ohio|1810{{Small| (Special)}}]]
| [[1803 United States Senate elections in Ohio|1803]]<br/>1807{{Small| (Retired)}}<br/>[[1810 United States Senate special election in Ohio|1810{{Small| (special)}}]]
| {{Party shading/Hold}} | Incumbent resigned to become [[Governor of Ohio]].<br/>New senator <!--[[1814 United States Senate special election in Ohio|elected]]-->elected '''December 10, 1814''' on the fourth ballot.<br/>Democratic-Republican hold.
| {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican/Hold}} | Incumbent resigned to become [[Governor of Ohio]].<br/>New senator <!--[[1814 United States Senate special election in Ohio|elected]]-->elected '''December 10, 1814''' on the fourth ballot.<br/>Democratic-Republican hold.
| nowrap | {{Plainlist|
| nowrap | '''{{Aye}} [[Joseph Kerr]]''' (Democratic-Republican) 42<br/>[[Benjamin Ruggles]] 36<br/>[[Duncan MacArthur]] 1<br/>[[David Purviance]] 1<ref name=OhioSpecial>{{cite book | title = Ohio in Congress from 1803 to 1901 with Notes and Sketches of Senators and Representatives and Other Historical Data and Incidents | last1 = Taylor | first1 = William A.| year = 1900 | pages=[https://archive.org/details/ohioincongressfr00tayl/page/98 98]–99 | publisher = The XX. Century Publishing Co. | location= [[Columbus, Ohio]] | ref = {{sfnRef | Taylor}} | url = https://archive.org/details/ohioincongressfr00tayl | via= [[Internet Archive]]}}</ref>
* {{Party stripe|Democratic-Republican Party}}'''{{Aye}} [[Joseph Kerr]]''' (Democratic-Republican) 42
* {{Party stripe|Democratic-Republican Party}}[[Benjamin Ruggles]] (Democratic-Republican) 36
* {{Party stripe|Unknown}}[[Duncan MacArthur (American politician)|Duncan MacArthur]] 1
* {{Party stripe|Unknown}}[[David Purviance]] 1<ref name=OhioSpecial>{{cite book | title = Ohio in Congress from 1803 to 1901 with Notes and Sketches of Senators and Representatives and Other Historical Data and Incidents | last1 = Taylor | first1 = William A.| year = 1900 | pages=[https://archive.org/details/ohioincongressfr00tayl/page/98 98]–99 | publisher = The XX. Century Publishing Co. | location= [[Columbus, Ohio]] | ref = {{sfnRef | Taylor}} | url = https://archive.org/details/ohioincongressfr00tayl | via= [[Internet Archive]]}}</ref>
}}


|-
|-
! [[#Kentucky (Special)|Kentucky]]<br/>(Class 2)
! [[#Kentucky (special)|Kentucky]]<br/>(Class 2)
| [[George Walker (Kentucky)|George Walker]]
| [[George Walker (Kentucky politician)|George Walker]]
| {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | Democratic-<br/>Republican
| {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | Democratic-<br/>Republican
| 1814{{Small| (Appointed)}}
| 1814{{Small| (Appointed)}}
| {{Party shading/Hold}} | Interim appointee retired.<br/>New senator <!--[[1814 United States Senate special election in Kentucky|elected]]-->elected '''December 16, 1814'''.<br/>Democratic-Republican hold.
| {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican/Hold}} | Interim appointee retired.<br/>New senator <!--[[1814 United States Senate special election in Kentucky|elected]]-->elected '''December 16, 1814'''.<br/>Democratic-Republican hold.
| nowrap | {{Plainlist|
| nowrap | '''{{Aye}} [[William T. Barry]]''' (Democratic-Republican) 58<br/>[[Benjamin Mills]] 48<ref>{{cite web | publisher= [[Tufts University]] | work= Tufts Digital Collations and Archives | series= A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825 | access-date= February 25, 2018 | title= Kentucky 1814 U.S. Senate | url= https://elections.lib.tufts.edu/catalog/tufts:ky.ussenate.1814}}, citing The Western Monitor (Lexington, KY). December 23, 1814. Argus of Western America (Frankfort, KY). December 17, 1814.</ref>
* {{Party stripe|Democratic-Republican Party}}'''{{Aye}} [[William T. Barry]]''' (Democratic-Republican) 58
* {{Party stripe|Unknown}}[[Benjamin Mills]] 48<ref>{{cite web | publisher= [[Tufts University]] | work= Tufts Digital Collations and Archives | series= A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825 | access-date= February 25, 2018 | title= Kentucky 1814 U.S. Senate | url= https://elections.lib.tufts.edu/catalog/tufts:ky.ussenate.1814}}, citing The Western Monitor (Lexington, KY). December 23, 1814. Argus of Western America (Frankfort, KY). December 17, 1814.</ref>
}}


|-
|-
! [[#North Carolina (Special)|North Carolina]]<br/>(Class 3)
! [[#North Carolina (special)|North Carolina]]<br/>(Class 3)
| [[David Stone (politician)|David Stone]]
| [[David Stone (politician)|David Stone]]
| {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | Democratic-<br/>Republican
| {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | Democratic-<br/>Republican
| [[1800 United States Senate election in North Carolina|1800]]<br/>1807{{Small| (Resigned)}}<br/>[[1812 United States Senate election in North Carolina|1812]]
| [[1800 United States Senate election in North Carolina|1800]]<br/>1807{{Small| (Resigned)}}<br/>[[1812 United States Senate election in North Carolina|1812]]
| {{Party shading/Hold}} | Incumbent resigned December 24, 1814.<br/>New senator <!--[[1814 United States Senate special election in North Carolina|elected]]-->elected '''December 30, 1814''' on the eleventh ballot.<ref name=NCGeneral>{{cite web | publisher= [[Tufts University]] | work= Tufts Digital Collations and Archives | series= A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825 | access-date= February 26, 2018 | title= North Carolina 1814 U.S. Senate, Special, Ballot 11 | url= https://elections.lib.tufts.edu/catalog/tufts:nc.ussenator11.1814}}, citing Norfolk Gazette and Publick Ledger (Norfolk, VA). January 4, 1815.</ref><ref name="NC3A">{{cite web | title= NC US Senate - Special Election | url=http://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=273867 | work=Our Campaigns | date= January 6, 2008 | access-date=February 24, 2015}}</ref><br/>Democratic-Republican hold.<br/>Winner was never seated due to a failure to qualify.
| {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican/Hold}} | Incumbent resigned December 24, 1814.<br/>New senator <!--[[1814 United States Senate special election in North Carolina|elected]]-->elected '''December 30, 1814''' on the eleventh ballot.<ref name=NCGeneral>{{cite web | publisher= [[Tufts University]] | work= Tufts Digital Collations and Archives | series= A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825 | access-date= February 26, 2018 | title= North Carolina 1814 U.S. Senate, Special, Ballot 11 | url= https://elections.lib.tufts.edu/catalog/tufts:nc.ussenator11.1814}}, citing Norfolk Gazette and Publick Ledger (Norfolk, VA). January 4, 1815.</ref><ref name="NC3A">{{cite web | title= NC US Senate - Special Election | url=http://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=273867 | work=Our Campaigns | date= January 6, 2008 | access-date=February 24, 2015}}</ref><br/>Democratic-Republican hold.<br/>Winner was never seated due to a failure to qualify.
| nowrap | {{Plainlist|
| nowrap | '''{{Aye}} [[Francis Locke Jr.]]''' (Democratic-Republican) 104<br/>[[John Stanly]] (Federalist) 75<ref name=NCGeneral/>
* {{Party stripe|Democratic-Republican Party}}'''{{Aye}} [[Francis Locke Jr.]]''' (Democratic-Republican) 104
* {{Party stripe|Federalist Party}}[[John Stanly (politician)|John Stanly]] (Federalist) 75<ref name=NCGeneral/>
}}


|-
|-
! [[#Virginia (Special)|Virginia]]<br/>(Class 1)
! [[#Virginia (special)|Virginia]]<br/>(Class 1)
| [[Richard Brent (politician)|Richard Brent]]
| [[Richard Brent (politician)|Richard Brent]]
| {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | Democratic-<br/>Republican
| {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | Democratic-<br/>Republican
| [[1809 United States Senate election in Virginia|1809]]
| [[1809 United States Senate election in Virginia|1809]]
| {{Party shading/Hold}} | Incumbent died December 30, 1814, having lost re-election, see below.<br/>New senator <!--[[1815 United States Senate special elections in Virginia|elected]]-->elected '''January 2, 1815''', having already won election to the next term.<br/>Democratic-Republican hold.
| {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican/Hold}} | Incumbent died December 30, 1814, having lost re-election, see below.<br/>New senator <!--[[1815 United States Senate special elections in Virginia|elected]]-->elected '''January 2, 1815''', having already won election to the next term.<br/>Democratic-Republican hold.
| nowrap | {{Plainlist|
| nowrap | '''{{Aye}} [[James Barbour]]''' (Democratic-Republican) 107<br/>[[William Wirt (Attorney General)|William Wirt]] 80<br/>Scattering 4<ref name=VA1>{{cite web | publisher= [[Tufts University]] | work= Tufts Digital Collations and Archives | series= A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825 | access-date= February 27, 2018 | title= Virginia 1814 U.S. Senate | url= https://elections.lib.tufts.edu/catalog/tufts:va.ussenate.a.1814}}, citing Norfolk Gazette and Publick Ledger (Norfolk, VA). November 19, 1814.</ref>
* {{Party stripe|Democratic-Republican Party}}'''{{Aye}} [[James Barbour]]''' (Democratic-Republican) 107
* {{Party stripe|Democratic-Republican Party}}[[William Wirt (Attorney General)|William Wirt]] (Democratic-Republican) 80
* {{Party stripe|Unknown}}Scattering 4<ref name=VA1>{{cite web | publisher= [[Tufts University]] | work= Tufts Digital Collations and Archives | series= A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825 | access-date= February 27, 2018 | title= Virginia 1814 U.S. Senate | url= https://elections.lib.tufts.edu/catalog/tufts:va.ussenate.a.1814}}, citing Norfolk Gazette and Publick Ledger (Norfolk, VA). November 19, 1814.</ref>
}}


|-
|-
! [[#Kentucky (Special)|Kentucky]]<br/>(Class 3)
! [[#Kentucky (special)|Kentucky]]<br/>(Class 3)
| [[Jesse Bledsoe]]
| [[Jesse Bledsoe]]
| {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | Democratic-<br/>Republican
| {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | Democratic-<br/>Republican
| [[1813 United States Senate election in Kentucky|1813]]
| [[1813 United States Senate election in Kentucky|1813]]
| {{Party shading/Hold}} | Incumbent resigned.<br/>New senator <!--[[1815 United States Senate special election in Kentucky|elected]]-->elected '''January 3, 1815''' on the second ballot.<br/>Democratic-Republican hold.
| {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican/Hold}} | Incumbent resigned.<br/>New senator <!--[[1815 United States Senate special election in Kentucky|elected]]-->elected '''January 3, 1815''' on the second ballot.<br/>Democratic-Republican hold.
| nowrap | {{Plainlist|
| nowrap | '''{{Aye}} [[Isham Talbot]]''' (Democratic-Republican) 56<br/>[[Benjamin Mills]] 50<ref>{{cite web | publisher= [[Tufts University]] | work= Tufts Digital Collations and Archives | series= A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825 | access-date= February 25, 2018 | title= Kentucky 1815 U.S. Senate, Ballot 2 | url= https://elections.lib.tufts.edu/catalog/tufts:ky.ussenateballot2.1815}}, citing The Union (Washington, KY). January 14, 1815. Argus of Western America (Frankfort, KY). January 7, 1815.</ref>
* {{Party stripe|Democratic-Republican Party}}'''{{Aye}} [[Isham Talbot]]''' (Democratic-Republican) 56

* {{Party stripe|Unknown}}[[Benjamin Mills]] 50<ref>{{cite web | publisher= [[Tufts University]] | work= Tufts Digital Collations and Archives | series= A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825 | access-date= February 25, 2018 | title= Kentucky 1815 U.S. Senate, Ballot 2 | url= https://elections.lib.tufts.edu/catalog/tufts:ky.ussenateballot2.1815}}, citing The Union (Washington, KY). January 14, 1815. Argus of Western America (Frankfort, KY). January 7, 1815.</ref>
}}
|}
|}


=== Races leading to the next Congress ===
=== Races leading to the next Congress ===
In these general elections, the winner was seated on March 4, 1815; ordered by state.
In these regular elections, the winner was seated on March 4, 1815; ordered by state.


All of the elections involved the Class 1 seats.
All of the elections involved the Class 1 seats.
Line 265: Line 293:
| [[Samuel W. Dana|Samuel Dana]]
| [[Samuel W. Dana|Samuel Dana]]
| {{Party shading/Federalist}} | Federalist
| {{Party shading/Federalist}} | Federalist
| [[1810 United States Senate special election in Connecticut|1810{{Small| (Special)}}]]
| [[1810 United States Senate special election in Connecticut|1810{{Small| (special)}}]]
| Incumbent <!--[[1814 United States Senate election in Connecticut|re-elected]]-->re-elected in 1814.
| Incumbent <!--[[1814 United States Senate election in Connecticut|re-elected]]-->re-elected in 1814.
| nowrap | '''{{Aye}} [[Samuel W. Dana|Samuel Dana]]''' (Federalist)<br/>{{dm|date=February 2020}}
| nowrap | {{Plainlist|
* {{Party stripe|Federalist Party}}'''{{Aye}} [[Samuel W. Dana|Samuel Dana]]''' (Federalist)
* {{dm|date=February 2020}}
}}


|-
|-
Line 273: Line 304:
| [[Outerbridge Horsey]]
| [[Outerbridge Horsey]]
| {{Party shading/Federalist}} | Federalist
| {{Party shading/Federalist}} | Federalist
| [[1810 United States Senate special election in Delaware|1810{{Small| (Special)}}]]
| [[1810 United States Senate special election in Delaware|1810{{Small| (special)}}]]
| Incumbent <!--[[1815 United States Senate election in Delaware|re-elected]]-->re-elected January 13, 1815.
| Incumbent <!--[[1815 United States Senate election in Delaware|re-elected]]-->re-elected January 13, 1815.
| nowrap | {{Plainlist|
| nowrap | '''{{Aye}} [[Outerbridge Horsey]]''' (Federalist) 18<br/>John Warner (Democratic-Republican) 8<ref>{{cite web | publisher= [[Tufts University]] | work= Tufts Digital Collations and Archives | series= A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825 | access-date= February 25, 2018 | title= Delaware 1815 U.S. Senate | url= https://elections.lib.tufts.edu/catalog/tufts:de.ussenator.1815}}, citing Journal of the Delaware House of Representatives, 1815. 37.</ref>
* {{Party stripe|Federalist Party}}'''{{Aye}} [[Outerbridge Horsey]]''' (Federalist) 18
* {{Party stripe|Democratic-Republican Party}}John Warner (Democratic-Republican) 8<ref>{{cite web | publisher= [[Tufts University]] | work= Tufts Digital Collations and Archives | series= A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825 | access-date= February 25, 2018 | title= Delaware 1815 U.S. Senate | url= https://elections.lib.tufts.edu/catalog/tufts:de.ussenator.1815}}, citing Journal of the Delaware House of Representatives, 1815. 37.</ref>
}}


|-
|-
! [[#Maryland|Maryland]]
! [[#Maryland|Maryland]]
| [[Samuel Smith (Maryland)|Samuel Smith]]
| [[Samuel Smith (Maryland politician)|Samuel Smith]]
| {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | Democratic-<br/>Republican
| {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | Democratic-<br/>Republican
| [[1802 United States Senate election in Maryland|1802]]<br/>[[1808 United States Senate election in Maryland|1808]]
| [[1802 United States Senate election in Maryland|1802]]<br/>[[1808 United States Senate election in Maryland|1808]]
Line 286: Line 320:


|-
|-
! [[#Massachusetts (General)|Massachusetts]]
! [[#Massachusetts (Regular)|Massachusetts]]
| [[Christopher Gore]]
| [[Christopher Gore]]
| {{Party shading/Federalist}} | Federalist
| {{Party shading/Federalist}} | Federalist
| 1813{{Small| (Appointed)}}
| 1813{{Small| (Appointed)}}
| Interim appointee <!--[[1815 United States Senate election in Massachusetts|elected]]-->elected in 1815.
| Interim appointee <!--[[1815 United States Senate election in Massachusetts|elected]]-->elected in 1815.
| nowrap | {{Plainlist|
| nowrap | '''{{Aye}} [[Christopher Gore]]''' (Federalist)<br/>{{dm|date=February 2020}}
* {{Party stripe|Federalist Party}}'''{{Aye}} [[Christopher Gore]]''' (Federalist)
* {{dm|date=February 2020}}
}}


|-
|-
Line 298: Line 335:
| {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | Democratic-<br/>Republican
| {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | Democratic-<br/>Republican
| [[1808 United States Senate election in New Jersey|1808]]
| [[1808 United States Senate election in New Jersey|1808]]
| {{Party shading/Hold}} | Incumbent lost re-election.<br/>New senator <!--[[1815 United States Senate election in New Jersey|elected]]-->elected February 1, 1815 on the third ballot.<ref name="NJ">{{cite web | title= NJ US Senate | url=http://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=353662 | work=Our Campaigns | date= April 1, 2007 | access-date=February 26, 2015}}</ref><br/>Democratic-Republican hold.
| {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican/Hold}} | Incumbent lost re-election.<br/>New senator <!--[[1815 United States Senate election in New Jersey|elected]]-->elected February 1, 1815 on the third ballot.<ref name="NJ">{{cite web | title= NJ US Senate | url=http://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=353662 | work=Our Campaigns | date= April 1, 2007 | access-date=February 26, 2015}}</ref><br/>Democratic-Republican hold.
| nowrap | {{Plainlist|
| nowrap | '''{{Aye}} [[James J. Wilson|James Wilson]]''' (Democratic-Republican) 29<ref name=NJElected>{{cite web | publisher= [[Tufts University]] | work= Tufts Digital Collations and Archives | series= A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825 | access-date= February 26, 2018 | title= New Jersey 1815 U.S. Senate | url= https://elections.lib.tufts.edu/catalog/tufts:nj.ussenate.1815}}, citing New Jersey Privy Council Records, 1814. 306-307.</ref><br/>[[John Lambert (politician)|John Lambert]] (Federalist) 17<ref name=NJElected/><br/>[[Ebenezer Elmer]] Withdrew<ref name=NJElected/>
* {{Party stripe|Democratic-Republican Party}}'''{{Aye}} [[James J. Wilson|James Wilson]]''' (Democratic-Republican) 29<ref name=NJElected>{{cite web | publisher= [[Tufts University]] | work= Tufts Digital Collations and Archives | series= A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825 | access-date= February 26, 2018 | title= New Jersey 1815 U.S. Senate | url= https://elections.lib.tufts.edu/catalog/tufts:nj.ussenate.1815}}, citing New Jersey Privy Council Records, 1814. 306–307.</ref>
* {{Party stripe|Federalist Party}}[[John Lambert (politician)|John Lambert]] (Federalist) 17<ref name=NJElected/>
* {{Party stripe|Democratic-Republican Party}}[[Ebenezer Elmer]] (Democratic-Republican) Withdrew<ref name=NJElected/>
}}


|-
|-
Line 306: Line 347:
| {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | Democratic-<br/>Republican
| {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | Democratic-<br/>Republican
| [[1809 United States Senate election in New York|1809]]
| [[1809 United States Senate election in New York|1809]]
| {{Party shading/Hold}} | {{dm|date=February 2020}}<br/>New senator [[1815 United States Senate election in New York|elected]] February 7, 1815.<ref name=NYElected>{{cite web | publisher= [[Tufts University]] | work= Tufts Digital Collations and Archives | series= A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825 | access-date= February 26, 2018 | title= New York 1815 U.S. Senate | url= https://elections.lib.tufts.edu/catalog/tufts:ny.ussenate.1815}}, citing Ontario Messenger (Canandaigua, NY). February 21, 1815.</ref><ref name=NYOurC>{{cite web | url=http://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=392187 | work=Our Campaigns | title= NY US Senate | access-date=February 23, 2015}}</ref><br/>Democratic-Republican hold.
| {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican/Hold}} | {{dm|date=February 2020}}<br/>New senator [[1815 United States Senate election in New York|elected]] February 7, 1815.<ref name=NYElected>{{cite web | publisher= [[Tufts University]] | work= Tufts Digital Collations and Archives | series= A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825 | access-date= February 26, 2018 | title= New York 1815 U.S. Senate | url= https://elections.lib.tufts.edu/catalog/tufts:ny.ussenate.1815}}, citing Ontario Messenger (Canandaigua, NY). February 21, 1815.</ref><ref name=NYOurC>{{cite web | url=http://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=392187 | work=Our Campaigns | title= NY US Senate | access-date=February 23, 2015}}</ref><br/>Democratic-Republican hold.
| nowrap | {{Plainlist|
| nowrap | '''{{Aye}} [[Nathan Sanford]]''' (Democratic-Republican) 89<br/>[[James Emott]] (Federalist) 40<br/>[[John Jay]] (Federalist) 1<br/>[[Philetus Swift]] (Democratic-Republican) 1<ref name=NYElected/><ref name=NYOurC/>
* {{Party stripe|Democratic-Republican Party}}'''{{Aye}} [[Nathan Sanford]]''' (Democratic-Republican) 89
* {{Party stripe|Federalist Party}}[[James Emott]] (Federalist) 40
* {{Party stripe|Federalist Party}}[[John Jay]] (Federalist) 1
* {{Party stripe|Democratic-Republican Party}}[[Philetus Swift]] (Democratic-Republican) 1<ref name=NYElected/><ref name=NYOurC/>
}}


|-
|-
! [[#Ohio (General)|Ohio]]
! [[#Ohio (Regular)|Ohio]]
| [[Joseph Kerr]]
| [[Joseph Kerr]]
| {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | Democratic-<br/>Republican
| {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | Democratic-<br/>Republican
| [[1814 United States Senate special election in Ohio|1814{{Small| (Special)}}]]
| [[1814 United States Senate special election in Ohio|1814{{Small| (special)}}]]
| {{Party shading/Hold}} | Incumbent retired.<br/>New senator <!--[[1815 United States Senate election in Ohio|elected]]-->elected January 7, 1815 on the third ballot.<ref name=OhioGeneral>{{cite book | title = Ohio in Congress from 1803 to 1901 with Notes and Sketches of Senators and Representatives and Other Historical Data and Incidents | last1 = Taylor | first1 = William A.| year = 1900 | page=[https://archive.org/details/ohioincongressfr00tayl/page/99 99] | publisher = The XX. Century Publishing Co. | location= [[Columbus, Ohio]] | ref = {{sfnRef | Taylor}} | url = https://archive.org/details/ohioincongressfr00tayl | via= [[Internet Archive]]}}</ref><br/>Democratic-Republican hold.
| {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican/Hold}} | Incumbent retired.<br/>New senator <!--[[1815 United States Senate election in Ohio|elected]]-->elected January 7, 1815 on the third ballot.<ref name=OhioGeneral>{{cite book | title = Ohio in Congress from 1803 to 1901 with Notes and Sketches of Senators and Representatives and Other Historical Data and Incidents | last1 = Taylor | first1 = William A.| year = 1900 | page=[https://archive.org/details/ohioincongressfr00tayl/page/99 99] | publisher = The XX. Century Publishing Co. | location= [[Columbus, Ohio]] | ref = {{sfnRef | Taylor}} | url = https://archive.org/details/ohioincongressfr00tayl | via= [[Internet Archive]]}}</ref><br/>Democratic-Republican hold.
| nowrap | {{Plainlist|
| nowrap | '''{{Aye}} [[Benjamin Ruggles]]''' (Democratic-Republican) 42<br/>[[Duncan MacArthur]] 34<br/>[[William Creighton Jr.]] 5<br/>[[Peter Hitchcock (judge)|Peter Hitchcock]] 2<ref name=OhioGeneral/>
* {{Party stripe|Democratic-Republican Party}}'''{{Aye}} [[Benjamin Ruggles]]''' (Democratic-Republican) 42
* {{Party stripe|Unknown}}[[Duncan MacArthur (American politician)|Duncan MacArthur]] 34
* {{Party stripe|Democratic-Republican Party}}[[William Creighton Jr.]] (Democratic-Republican) 5
* {{Party stripe|Democratic-Republican Party}}[[Peter Hitchcock (judge)|Peter Hitchcock]] (Democratic-Republican) 2<ref name=OhioGeneral/>
}}


|-
|-
! [[#Pennsylvania (General)|Pennsylvania]]
! [[#Pennsylvania (Regular)|Pennsylvania]]
| [[Jonathan Roberts (politician)|Jonathan Roberts]]
| [[Jonathan Roberts (politician)|Jonathan Roberts]]
| {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | Democratic-<br/>Republican
| {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | Democratic-<br/>Republican
| [[1814 United States Senate special election in Pennsylvania|1814{{Small| (Special)}}]]
| [[1814 United States Senate special election in Pennsylvania|1814{{Small| (special)}}]]
| Incumbent [[1814 United States Senate election in Pennsylvania|re-elected]] December 10, 1814.<ref name="PA Gen">{{cite web | title=U.S. Senate Election - December 10, 1814 | url=http://staffweb.wilkes.edu/harold.cox/sen/PaSen1814B.pdf | publisher=Wilkes University | access-date=December 21, 2012}}</ref>
| Incumbent [[1814 United States Senate election in Pennsylvania|re-elected]] December 10, 1814.<ref name="PA Gen">{{cite web | title=U.S. Senate Election - December 10, 1814 | url=http://staffweb.wilkes.edu/harold.cox/sen/PaSen1814B.pdf | publisher=Wilkes University | access-date=December 21, 2012}}</ref>
| nowrap | {{Plainlist|
| nowrap | '''{{Aye}} [[Jonathan Roberts (politician)|Jonathan Roberts]]''' (Democratic-Republican) 84 <br/>[[Samuel Sitgreaves]] (Federalist) 32<br/>[[Jared Ingersoll]] (Federalist) 1<br/>Not voting 9<ref name="PA Gen"/>
* {{Party stripe|Democratic-Republican Party}}'''{{Aye}} [[Jonathan Roberts (politician)|Jonathan Roberts]]''' (Democratic-Republican) 84
* {{Party stripe|Federalist Party}}[[Samuel Sitgreaves]] (Federalist) 32
* {{Party stripe|Federalist Party}}[[Jared Ingersoll]] (Federalist) 1
* {{Party stripe|Unknown}}Not voting 9<ref name="PA Gen"/>
}}


|-
|-
Line 329: Line 385:
| [[William Hunter (Senator)|William Hunter]]
| [[William Hunter (Senator)|William Hunter]]
| {{Party shading/Federalist}} | Federalist
| {{Party shading/Federalist}} | Federalist
| [[1811 United States Senate special election in Rhode Island|1811{{Small| (Special)}}]]
| [[1811 United States Senate special election in Rhode Island|1811{{Small| (special)}}]]
| Incumbent <!--[[1814 United States Senate election in Rhode Island|re-elected]]-->re-elected November 4, 1814.
| Incumbent <!--[[1814 United States Senate election in Rhode Island|re-elected]]-->re-elected November 4, 1814.
| nowrap | {{Plainlist|
| nowrap | '''{{Aye}} [[William Hunter (Senator)|William Hunter]]''' (Federalist) Unanimous<ref name=RIElected>{{cite web | publisher= [[Tufts University]] | work= Tufts Digital Collations and Archives | series= A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825 | access-date= February 27, 2018 | title= Rhode Island 1814 U.S. Senate | url= https://elections.lib.tufts.edu/catalog/tufts:ri.ussenator.1814}}, citing The Rhode-Island American, and General Advertiser (Providence, RI). November 8, 1814.</ref>
* {{Party stripe|Federalist Party}}'''{{Aye}} [[William Hunter (Senator)|William Hunter]]''' (Federalist) Unanimous<ref name=RIElected>{{cite web | publisher= [[Tufts University]] | work= Tufts Digital Collations and Archives | series= A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825 | access-date= February 27, 2018 | title= Rhode Island 1814 U.S. Senate | url= https://elections.lib.tufts.edu/catalog/tufts:ri.ussenator.1814}}, citing The Rhode-Island American, and General Advertiser (Providence, RI). November 8, 1814.</ref>
}}


|-
|-
! [[#Tennessee (General)|Tennessee]]
! [[#Tennessee (Regular)|Tennessee]]
| [[Joseph Anderson]]
| [[Joseph Anderson (Tennessee politician)|Joseph Anderson]]
| {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | Democratic-<br/>Republican
| {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | Democratic-<br/>Republican
| [[1797 United States Senate special elections in Tennessee|1797{{Small| (Special)}}]]<br/>1799{{Small| (Resigned)}}<br/>[[1799 United States Senate special election in Tennessee|1799{{Small| (Special)}}]]<br/>[[1803 United States Senate elections in Tennessee|1803]]<br/>1809{{Small| (Appointed)}}<br/>[[1809 United States Senate special elections in Tennessee|1809{{Small| (Special)}}]]
| [[1797 United States Senate special elections in Tennessee|1797{{Small| (special)}}]]<br/>1799{{Small| (Resigned)}}<br/>[[1799 United States Senate special election in Tennessee|1799{{Small| (special)}}]]<br/>[[1803 United States Senate elections in Tennessee|1803]]<br/>1809{{Small| (Appointed)}}<br/>[[1809 United States Senate special elections in Tennessee|1809{{Small| (special)}}]]
| {{Party shading/Loss}} | Incumbent retired.<br/>Legislature failed to elect.<br/>'''Democratic-Republican loss.'''<br/>A new senator would later be elected, see below.
| {{Party shading/Loss}} | Incumbent retired.<br/>Legislature failed to elect.<br/>'''Democratic-Republican loss.'''<br/>A new senator would later be elected, see below.
| nowrap | None.
| nowrap | None.
Line 345: Line 403:
| [[Jonathan Robinson (American politician)|Jonathan Robinson]]
| [[Jonathan Robinson (American politician)|Jonathan Robinson]]
| {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | Democratic-<br/>Republican
| {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | Democratic-<br/>Republican
| [[1807 United States Senate special election in Vermont|1807{{Small| (Special)}}]]<br/>[[1808 United States Senate election in Vermont|1808]]
| [[1807 United States Senate special election in Vermont|1807{{Small| (special)}}]]<br/>[[1808 United States Senate election in Vermont|1808]]
| {{Party shading/Federalist}} | Incumbent retired.<br/>New senator elected October 25, 1814<br/>'''Federalist gain.'''
| {{Party shading/Federalist}} | Incumbent retired.<br/>New senator elected October 25, 1814<br/>'''Federalist gain.'''
| nowrap | {{Plainlist|
| nowrap | '''{{Aye}} [[Isaac Tichenor]]''' (Federalist) 111<br/>[[Jonathan Robinson (American politician)|Jonathan Robinson]] (Democratic-Republican) 83<br/>[[John Strong (Vermont)|John Strong]] (Democratic-Republican) 7<br/>Scattering, 1.<ref name=VTGeneral>{{cite news |date=October 27, 1814 | title=Tuesday, October 25th: Senator | url=http://www.genealogybank.com | newspaper=Vermont Watchman | location=Montpelier, VT | page=3 |url-access=subscription }} In addition to winning a majority in the legislature, Tichenor also unanimously received the 12 votes of the [[Governor of Vermont|Governor]] and [[Colonial government in the Thirteen Colonies#The Council|Council]].</ref>
* {{Party stripe|Federalist Party}}'''{{Aye}} [[Isaac Tichenor]]''' (Federalist) 111
* {{Party stripe|Democratic-Republican Party}}[[Jonathan Robinson (American politician)|Jonathan Robinson]] (Democratic-Republican) 83
* {{Party stripe|Democratic-Republican Party}}[[John Strong (Vermont politician)|John Strong]] (Democratic-Republican) 7
* {{Party stripe|Unknown}}Scattering 1<ref name=VTGeneral>{{cite news |date=October 27, 1814 | title=Tuesday, October 25th: Senator | url=http://www.genealogybank.com | newspaper=Vermont Watchman | location=Montpelier, VT | page=3 |url-access=subscription }} In addition to winning a majority in the legislature, Tichenor also unanimously received the 12 votes of the [[Governor of Vermont|Governor]] and [[Colonial government in the Thirteen Colonies#The Council|Council]].</ref>
}}


|-
|-
! [[#Virginia (General)|Virginia]]
! [[#Virginia (Regular)|Virginia]]
| [[Richard Brent (politician)|Richard Brent]]
| [[Richard Brent (politician)|Richard Brent]]
| {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | Democratic-<br/>Republican
| {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | Democratic-<br/>Republican
| [[1808 United States Senate election in Virginia|1808]]
| [[1808 United States Senate election in Virginia|1808]]
| {{Party shading/Hold}} | Incumbent lost re-election, and then died after the election.<br/>New senator <!--[[1814 United States Senate election in Virginia|elected]]-->elected November 14, 1814.<br/>Democratic-Republican hold.
| {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican/Hold}} | Incumbent lost re-election, and then died after the election.<br/>New senator <!--[[1814 United States Senate election in Virginia|elected]]-->elected November 14, 1814.<br/>Democratic-Republican hold.
| nowrap | {{Plainlist|
| nowrap | '''{{Aye}} [[James Barbour]]''' (Democratic-Republican) 107<br/>[[William Wirt (Attorney General)|William Wirt]] 80<br/>Scattering 4<ref name=VA1/>
* {{Party stripe|Democratic-Republican Party}}'''{{Aye}} [[James Barbour]]''' (Democratic-Republican) 107
* {{Party stripe|Democratic-Republican Party}}[[William Wirt (Attorney General)|William Wirt]] (Democratic-Republican) 80
* {{Party stripe|Unknown}}Scattering 4<ref name=VA1/>
}}


|}
|}
Line 375: Line 442:


|-
|-
! [[#Tennessee (Special, Class 1)|Tennessee]]<br/>(Class 1)
! [[#Tennessee (special, Class 1)|Tennessee]]<br/>(Class 1)
| colspan=3 | Vacant
| colspan=3 | ''Vacant''
| {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | Legislature had failed to elect, see above.<br/>New senator <!--[[1815 United States Senate special elections in Tennessee|elected]]-->elected '''October 10, 1815'''.<br/>'''Democratic-Republican gain.'''
| {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | Legislature had failed to elect, see above.<br/>New senator <!--[[1815 United States Senate special elections in Tennessee|elected]]-->elected '''October 10, 1815'''.<br/>'''Democratic-Republican gain.'''
| nowrap | {{Plainlist|
| nowrap | '''{{Aye}} [[George W. Campbell]]''' (Democratic-Republican) 37<br/>[[Parry Wayne Humphreys]] 23<ref name=TN1>{{cite web | publisher= [[Tufts University]] | work= Tufts Digital Collations and Archives | series= A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825 | access-date= February 27, 2018 | title= Tennessee 1815 U.S. Senate | url= https://elections.lib.tufts.edu/catalog/tufts:tn.ussenate.1815}}, citing Original Tally Sheet. Tennessee State Library and Archives, Nashville. Journal of the Tennessee House of Representatives, 1815. 112. Journal of the Tennessee State Senate, 1815. 96-97.</ref>
* {{Party stripe|Democratic-Republican Party}}'''{{Aye}} [[George W. Campbell]]''' (Democratic-Republican) 37
* {{Party stripe|Democratic-Republican Party}}[[Parry Wayne Humphreys]] (Democratic-Republican) 23<ref name=TN1>{{cite web | publisher= [[Tufts University]] | work= Tufts Digital Collations and Archives | series= A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825 | access-date= February 27, 2018 | title= Tennessee 1815 U.S. Senate | url= https://elections.lib.tufts.edu/catalog/tufts:tn.ussenate.1815}}, citing Original Tally Sheet. Tennessee State Library and Archives, Nashville. Journal of the Tennessee House of Representatives, 1815. 112. Journal of the Tennessee State Senate, 1815. 96–97.</ref>
}}


|-
|-
! [[#Tennessee (Special, Class 2)|Tennessee]]<br/>(Class 2)
! [[#Tennessee (special, Class 2)|Tennessee]]<br/>(Class 2)
| [[Jesse Wharton]]
| [[Jesse Wharton]]
| {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | Democratic-<br/>Republican
| {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | Democratic-<br/>Republican
| 1814{{Small| (Appointed)}}
| 1814{{Small| (Appointed)}}
| {{Party shading/Hold}} | Interim appointee retired.<br/>New senator <!--[[1815 United States Senate special elections in Tennessee|elected]]-->elected '''October 10, 1815'''.<br/>Democratic-Republican hold.
| {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican/Hold}} | Interim appointee retired.<br/>New senator <!--[[1815 United States Senate special elections in Tennessee|elected]]-->elected '''October 10, 1815'''.<br/>Democratic-Republican hold.
| nowrap | {{Plainlist|
| nowrap | '''{{Aye}} [[John Williams (Tennessee)|John Williams]]''' (Democratic-Republican) 32<br/>[[John Rhea]] 26<ref name=TN2>{{cite web | publisher= [[Tufts University]] | work= Tufts Digital Collations and Archives | series= A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825 | access-date= February 27, 2018 | title= Tennessee 1815 U.S. Senate, Special | url= https://elections.lib.tufts.edu/catalog/tufts:tn.ussenate.2.1815}}, citing Original Tally Sheet. Tennessee State Library and Archives, Nashville. Journal of the Tennessee House of Representatives, 1815. 112. Journal of the Tennessee State Senate, 1815. 96-97.</ref>
* {{Party stripe|Democratic-Republican Party}}'''{{Aye}} [[John Williams (Tennessee politician)|John Williams]]''' (Democratic-Republican) 32
* {{Party stripe|Democratic-Republican Party}}[[John Rhea]] (Democratic-Republican) 26<ref name=TN2>{{cite web | publisher= [[Tufts University]] | work= Tufts Digital Collations and Archives | series= A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825 | access-date= February 27, 2018 | title= Tennessee 1815 U.S. Senate, Special | url= https://elections.lib.tufts.edu/catalog/tufts:tn.ussenate.2.1815}}, citing Original Tally Sheet. Tennessee State Library and Archives, Nashville. Journal of the Tennessee House of Representatives, 1815. 112. Journal of the Tennessee State Senate, 1815. 96–97.</ref>
}}


|-
|-
! [[#North Carolina (Special)|North Carolina]]<br/>(Class 3)
! [[#North Carolina (special)|North Carolina]]<br/>(Class 3)
| [[Francis Locke Jr.]]
| [[Francis Locke Jr.]]
| {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | Democratic-<br/>Republican
| {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | Democratic-<br/>Republican
| [[1800 United States Senate election in North Carolina|1800]]<br/>[[1812 United States Senate election in North Carolina|1812]]
| [[1800 United States Senate election in North Carolina|1800]]<br/>[[1812 United States Senate election in North Carolina|1812]]
| {{Party shading/Hold}} | Incumbent resigned, having failed to qualify.<br/>New senator <!--[[1815 United States Senate special election in North Carolina|elected]]-->elected '''December 5, 1815''' on the fifth ballot.<ref name=NCSpecial>{{cite web | publisher= [[Tufts University]] | work= Tufts Digital Collations and Archives | series= A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825 | access-date= February 26, 2018 | title= North Carolina 1815 U.S. Senate, Special, Ballot 5 | url= https://elections.lib.tufts.edu/catalog/tufts:nc.ussenator5.1815}}, citing The Star (Raleigh, NC). December 8, 1815.</ref><ref name="NC3B">{{cite web | title= NC US Senate - Special Election | url=http://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=273868 | work=Our Campaigns | date= January 6, 2008 | access-date=February 24, 2015}}</ref><br/>Democratic-Republican hold.
| {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican/Hold}} | Incumbent resigned, having failed to qualify.<br/>New senator <!--[[1815 United States Senate special election in North Carolina|elected]]-->elected '''December 5, 1815''' on the fifth ballot.<ref name=NCSpecial>{{cite web | publisher= [[Tufts University]] | work= Tufts Digital Collations and Archives | series= A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825 | access-date= February 26, 2018 | title= North Carolina 1815 U.S. Senate, Special, Ballot 5 | url= https://elections.lib.tufts.edu/catalog/tufts:nc.ussenator5.1815}}, citing The Star (Raleigh, NC). December 8, 1815.</ref><ref name="NC3B">{{cite web | title= NC US Senate - Special Election | url=http://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=273868 | work=Our Campaigns | date= January 6, 2008 | access-date=February 24, 2015}}</ref><br/>Democratic-Republican hold.
| nowrap | {{Plainlist|
| nowrap | '''{{Aye}} [[Nathaniel Macon]]''' (Democratic-Republican) 101<br/>[[John Branch Jr.]] (Democratic-Republican) 59<br/>Scattering 27<ref name=NCSpecial/><ref name="NC3B"/>
* {{Party stripe|Democratic-Republican Party}}'''{{Aye}} [[Nathaniel Macon]]''' (Democratic-Republican) 101
* {{Party stripe|Democratic-Republican Party}}[[John Branch Jr.]] (Democratic-Republican) 59
* {{Party stripe|Unknown}}Scattering 27<ref name=NCSpecial/><ref name="NC3B"/>
}}


|-
|-
! [[#Virginia (Special)|Virginia]]<br/>(Class 2)
! [[#Virginia (special)|Virginia]]<br/>(Class 2)
| [[William B. Giles]]
| [[William B. Giles]]
| {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | Democratic-<br/>Republican
| {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican}} | Democratic-<br/>Republican
| 1804{{Small| (Appointed)}}<br/>[[1804 United States Senate special elections in Virginia|1804{{Small| (Special)}}]]<br/>[[1804 United States Senate election in Virginia|1804]]<br/>[[1811 United States Senate election in Virginia|1811]]
| 1804{{Small| (Appointed)}}<br/>[[1804 United States Senate special elections in Virginia|1804{{Small| (special)}}]]<br/>[[1804 United States Senate election in Virginia|1804]]<br/>[[1811 United States Senate election in Virginia|1811]]
| {{Party shading/Hold}} | Incumbent resigned March 3, 1815.<br/>New senator <!--[[1815 United States Senate special elections in Virginia|elected]]-->elected '''December 7, 1815'''.<br/>Democratic-Republican hold.<br/>Winner subsequently declined to serve.<br/>A new senator was later [[1816 United States Senate special election in Virginia|elected in 1816]].
| {{Party shading/Democratic-Republican/Hold}} | Incumbent resigned March 3, 1815.<br/>New senator <!--[[1815 United States Senate special elections in Virginia|elected]]-->elected '''December 7, 1815'''.<br/>Democratic-Republican hold.<br/>Winner subsequently declined to serve.<br/>A new senator was later [[1816 United States Senate special election in Virginia|elected in 1816]].
| nowrap | {{Plainlist|
| nowrap | '''{{Aye}} [[John Wayles Eppes|John Eppes]]''' (Democratic-Republican) 125<br/>John Mercer 43
* {{Party stripe|Democratic-Republican Party}}'''{{Aye}} [[John Wayles Eppes|John Eppes]]''' (Democratic-Republican) 125
* {{Party stripe|Democratic-Republican Party}}John Mercer (Democratic-Republican) 43
}}


|}
|}
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{{Expand section|date=October 2019}}
{{Expand section|date=October 2019}}


== Kentucky (Special) ==
== Kentucky (special) ==
<!--{{Main|1814 United States Senate special election in Kentucky (Special)|1815 United States Senate special election in Kentucky}}-->
<!--{{Main|1814 United States Senate special election in Kentucky (special)|1815 United States Senate special election in Kentucky}}-->
{{See also|List of United States senators from Kentucky}}
{{See also|List of United States senators from Kentucky}}
{{Expand section|date=October 2019}}
{{Expand section|date=October 2019}}
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{{See also|List of United States senators from Massachusetts|1814–1815 United States House of Representatives elections in Massachusetts}}
{{See also|List of United States senators from Massachusetts|1814–1815 United States House of Representatives elections in Massachusetts}}


=== Massachusetts (General) ===
=== Massachusetts (regular) ===
<!--{{Main|1815 United States Senate election in Massachusetts}}-->
<!--{{Main|1815 United States Senate election in Massachusetts}}-->
{{Expand section|date=October 2019}}
{{Expand section|date=October 2019}}


=== Massachusetts (Special) ===
=== Massachusetts (special) ===
<!--{{Main|1815 United States Senate special election in Massachusetts}}-->
<!--{{Main|1815 United States Senate special election in Massachusetts}}-->
{{Expand section|date=October 2019}}
{{Expand section|date=October 2019}}


== New Hampshire (Special) ==
== New Hampshire (special) ==
<!--{{Main|1814 United States Senate special election in New Hampshire}}-->
<!--{{Main|1814 United States Senate special election in New Hampshire}}-->
{{See also|List of United States senators from New Hampshire}}
{{See also|List of United States senators from New Hampshire}}
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{{Expand section|date=October 2019}}
{{Expand section|date=October 2019}}


== North Carolina (Special) ==
== North Carolina (special) ==
<!--{{Main|1814 United States Senate special election in North Carolina}}-->
<!--{{Main|1814 United States Senate special election in North Carolina}}-->
{{See also|List of United States senators from North Carolina}}
{{See also|List of United States senators from North Carolina}}
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{{See also|List of United States senators from Ohio|1814 United States House of Representatives elections in Ohio}}
{{See also|List of United States senators from Ohio|1814 United States House of Representatives elections in Ohio}}


=== Ohio (General) ===
=== Ohio (regular) ===
<!--{{Main|1815 United States Senate election in Ohio}}-->
<!--{{Main|1815 United States Senate election in Ohio}}-->
{{Expand section|date=October 2019}}
{{Expand section|date=October 2019}}


=== Ohio (Special) ===
=== Ohio (special) ===
<!--{{Main|1814 United States Senate special election in Ohio}}-->
<!--{{Main|1814 United States Senate special election in Ohio}}-->
{{Expand section|date=October 2019}}
{{Expand section|date=October 2019}}
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{{See also|List of United States senators from Pennsylvania|1814 United States House of Representatives elections in Pennsylvania}}
{{See also|List of United States senators from Pennsylvania|1814 United States House of Representatives elections in Pennsylvania}}


=== Pennsylvania (Special) ===
=== Pennsylvania (special) ===
<!--{{Main|1814 United States Senate special election in Pennsylvania}}-->
<!--{{Main|1814 United States Senate special election in Pennsylvania}}-->
{{Expand section|date=October 2019}}
{{Expand section|date=October 2019}}


=== Pennsylvania (General) ===
=== Pennsylvania (regular) ===
<!--{{Main|1814 United States Senate election in Pennsylvania}}-->
<!--{{Main|1814 United States Senate election in Pennsylvania}}-->
{{Expand section|date=October 2019}}
{{Expand section|date=October 2019}}
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{{See also|List of United States senators from Tennessee|1815 United States House of Representatives elections in Tennessee}}
{{See also|List of United States senators from Tennessee|1815 United States House of Representatives elections in Tennessee}}


=== Tennessee (General) ===
=== Tennessee (regular) ===
<!--{{Main|1814 or 1815 United States Senate election in Tennessee}}-->
<!--{{Main|1814 or 1815 United States Senate election in Tennessee}}-->
{{Expand section|date=October 2019}}
{{Expand section|date=October 2019}}


=== Tennessee (Special, Class 1) ===
=== Tennessee (special, class 1) ===
<!--{{Main|1815 United States Senate special elections in Tennessee}}-->
<!--{{Main|1815 United States Senate special elections in Tennessee}}-->
{{Expand section|date=October 2019}}
{{Expand section|date=October 2019}}


=== Tennessee (Special, Class 2) ===
=== Tennessee (special, class 2) ===
<!--{{Main|1815 United States Senate special elections in Tennessee}}-->
<!--{{Main|1815 United States Senate special elections in Tennessee}}-->
{{Expand section|date=October 2019}}
{{Expand section|date=October 2019}}
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{{See also|List of United States senators from Virginia}}
{{See also|List of United States senators from Virginia}}


=== Virginia (General) ===
=== Virginia (regular) ===
<!--{{Main|1814 United States Senate election in Virginia}}-->
<!--{{Main|1814 United States Senate election in Virginia}}-->
{{Expand section|date=October 2019}}
{{Expand section|date=October 2019}}


=== Virginia (Special) ===
=== Virginia (special) ===
<!--{{Main|1815 United States Senate special election in Virginia}}-->
<!--{{Main|1815 United States Senate special election in Virginia}}-->
{{Expand section|date=October 2019}}
{{Expand section|date=October 2019}}
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== See also ==
== See also ==
* [[1814 United States elections]]
* [[1814 United States elections]]
** [[1814 and 1815 United States House of Representatives elections]]
** [[1814–15 United States House of Representatives elections]]
* [[13th United States Congress]]
* [[13th United States Congress]]
* [[14th United States Congress]]
* [[14th United States Congress]]
Line 533: Line 613:
{{reflist|30em}}
{{reflist|30em}}
{{United States Senate elections}}
{{United States Senate elections}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:1814-15 United States Senate elections}}
[[Category:1814 United States Senate elections| ]]
[[Category:1814 United States Senate elections| ]]
[[Category:1815 United States Senate elections| ]]
[[Category:1815 United States Senate elections| ]]

Latest revision as of 09:03, 3 February 2024

1814–15 United States Senate elections
← 1812 & 1813 Dates vary by state 1816 & 1817 →
12 of the 36 seats in the United States Senate (plus special elections)
19 seats needed for a majority
  Majority party Minority party
 
Party Democratic-Republican Federalist
Last election 28 seats 8 seats
Seats before 26 10
Seats won 5 5
Seats after 22 11
Seat change Decrease 3 Increase 1
Seats up 8 4
Results:
     Federalist hold      Federalist gain
     Dem-Republican hold      Legislature Failed To Elect
Majority Party before election


Democratic-Republican

Elected Majority Party


Democratic-Republican

The 1814–15 United States Senate elections were held on various dates in various states. As these U.S. Senate elections were prior to the ratification of the Seventeenth Amendment in 1913, senators were chosen by state legislatures. Senators were elected over a wide range of time throughout 1814 and 1815, and a seat may have been filled months late or remained vacant due to legislative deadlock.[1] In these elections, terms were up for the senators in Class 1.

The Democratic-Republican Party lost a seat but still retained their overwhelming Senate majority. Unlike in recent elections, the minority Federalists had gone into the elections with a chance of regaining their long-lost majority had they swept almost all the seats. However, only one seat switched parties. Two seats held by Democratic-Republicans were left unfilled until long after the next Congress began.

Change in composition

[edit]

Before the elections

[edit]

Composition after June 1814 special election in New Hampshire.

DR8 DR7 DR6 DR5 DR4 DR3 DR2 DR1
DR9 DR10 DR11 DR12 DR13 DR14 DR15 DR16 DR17 DR18
Majority → DR19
Md.
Unknown
F9
Mass. (reg)
Ran 		F10
R.I.
Ran 		DR26
Va.
Ran 		DR25
Vt.
Retired 		DR24
Tenn. (reg)
Retired 		DR23
Pa.
Ran 		DR22
Ohio (reg)
Retired 		DR21
N.Y.
Unknown 		DR20
N.J.
Ran
F8
Del.
Ran 		F7
Conn.
Ran 		F6 F5 F4 F3 F2 F1

Result of the regular elections

[edit]
DR8 DR7 DR6 DR5 DR4 DR3 DR2 DR1
DR9 DR10 DR11 DR12 DR13 DR14 DR15 DR16 DR17 DR18
Majority → DR19
N.J.
Hold
F9
Mass. (reg)
Re-elected 		F10
R.I.
Re-elected 		F11
Vt.
Gain 		V1
Tenn. (reg)
DR Loss 		V2
Md.
DR Loss 		DR23
Va.
Hold 		DR22
Pa. (reg)
Re-elected 		DR21
Ohio (reg)
Hold 		DR20
N.Y.
Hold
F8
Del.
Re-elected 		F7
Conn.
Re-elected 		F6 F5 F4 F3 F2 F1
Key
DR# Democratic-Republican
F# Federalist
V# Vacant

Race summaries

[edit]

Except when noted, number following candidates is whole number votes.

Special elections during the preceding Congress

[edit]

In these special elections, the winner was elected during 1814 or before March 4, 1815; ordered by election date.

State Incumbent Results Candidates
Senator Party Electoral
history
Pennsylvania
(Class 3) 		Michael Leib Democratic-
Republican 		1809 (special)
1808 		Incumbent resigned to become Postmaster of Philadelphia.
New senator elected February 24, 1814.[2]
Democratic-Republican hold.
Winner was never seated due to a failure to qualify.
New Hampshire
(Class 2) 		Nicholas Gilman Democratic-
Republican 		1804
1810 		Incumbent died May 4, 1814.
New senator elected June 24, 1814.
Federalist gain.
Ohio
(Class 1) 		Thomas Worthington Democratic-
Republican 		1803
1807 (Retired)
1810 (special) 		Incumbent resigned to become Governor of Ohio.
New senator elected December 10, 1814 on the fourth ballot.
Democratic-Republican hold.
Kentucky
(Class 2) 		George Walker Democratic-
Republican 		1814 (Appointed) Interim appointee retired.
New senator elected December 16, 1814.
Democratic-Republican hold.
North Carolina
(Class 3) 		David Stone Democratic-
Republican 		1800
1807 (Resigned)
1812 		Incumbent resigned December 24, 1814.
New senator elected December 30, 1814 on the eleventh ballot.[6][7]
Democratic-Republican hold.
Winner was never seated due to a failure to qualify.
Virginia
(Class 1) 		Richard Brent Democratic-
Republican 		1809 Incumbent died December 30, 1814, having lost re-election, see below.
New senator elected January 2, 1815, having already won election to the next term.
Democratic-Republican hold.
Kentucky
(Class 3) 		Jesse Bledsoe Democratic-
Republican 		1813 Incumbent resigned.
New senator elected January 3, 1815 on the second ballot.
Democratic-Republican hold.

Races leading to the next Congress

[edit]

In these regular elections, the winner was seated on March 4, 1815; ordered by state.

All of the elections involved the Class 1 seats.

State Incumbent Results Candidates
Senator Party Electoral
history
Connecticut Samuel Dana Federalist 1810 (special) Incumbent re-elected in 1814.
Delaware Outerbridge Horsey Federalist 1810 (special) Incumbent re-elected January 13, 1815.
Maryland Samuel Smith Democratic-
Republican 		1802
1808 		Legislature failed to elect.
A winner would not be elected until 1816.[11]
Democratic-Republican loss. 		[data missing]
Massachusetts Christopher Gore Federalist 1813 (Appointed) Interim appointee elected in 1815.
New Jersey John Lambert Democratic-
Republican 		1808 Incumbent lost re-election.
New senator elected February 1, 1815 on the third ballot.[12]
Democratic-Republican hold.
New York Obadiah German Democratic-
Republican 		1809 [data missing]
New senator elected February 7, 1815.[14][15]
Democratic-Republican hold.
Ohio Joseph Kerr Democratic-
Republican 		1814 (special) Incumbent retired.
New senator elected January 7, 1815 on the third ballot.[16]
Democratic-Republican hold.
Pennsylvania Jonathan Roberts Democratic-
Republican 		1814 (special) Incumbent re-elected December 10, 1814.[17]
Rhode Island William Hunter Federalist 1811 (special) Incumbent re-elected November 4, 1814.
Tennessee Joseph Anderson Democratic-
Republican 		1797 (special)
1799 (Resigned)
1799 (special)
1803
1809 (Appointed)
1809 (special) 		Incumbent retired.
Legislature failed to elect.
Democratic-Republican loss.
A new senator would later be elected, see below. 		None.
Vermont Jonathan Robinson Democratic-
Republican 		1807 (special)
1808 		Incumbent retired.
New senator elected October 25, 1814
Federalist gain.
Virginia Richard Brent Democratic-
Republican 		1808 Incumbent lost re-election, and then died after the election.
New senator elected November 14, 1814.
Democratic-Republican hold.

Special elections during the next Congress

[edit]

In this special election, the winner was elected in 1815 after March 4; ordered by election date.

State Incumbent Results Candidates
Senator Party Electoral
history
Tennessee
(Class 1) 		Vacant Legislature had failed to elect, see above.
New senator elected October 10, 1815.
Democratic-Republican gain.
Tennessee
(Class 2) 		Jesse Wharton Democratic-
Republican 		1814 (Appointed) Interim appointee retired.
New senator elected October 10, 1815.
Democratic-Republican hold.
North Carolina
(Class 3) 		Francis Locke Jr. Democratic-
Republican 		1800
1812 		Incumbent resigned, having failed to qualify.
New senator elected December 5, 1815 on the fifth ballot.[22][23]
Democratic-Republican hold.
Virginia
(Class 2) 		William B. Giles Democratic-
Republican 		1804 (Appointed)
1804 (special)
1804
1811 		Incumbent resigned March 3, 1815.
New senator elected December 7, 1815.
Democratic-Republican hold.
Winner subsequently declined to serve.
A new senator was later elected in 1816.
  • ▌Green tickY John Eppes (Democratic-Republican) 125
  • ▌John Mercer (Democratic-Republican) 43

Connecticut

[edit]
See also: List of United States senators from Connecticut

Delaware

[edit]
See also: List of United States senators from Delaware

Kentucky (special)

[edit]
See also: List of United States senators from Kentucky

There were two special elections in Kentucky: one in 1814 and the other in 1815.

Maryland

[edit]
See also: List of United States senators from Maryland

Massachusetts

[edit]
See also: List of United States senators from Massachusetts and 1814–1815 United States House of Representatives elections in Massachusetts

Massachusetts (regular)

[edit]

Massachusetts (special)

[edit]

New Hampshire (special)

[edit]
See also: List of United States senators from New Hampshire

New Jersey

[edit]
See also: List of United States senators from New Jersey

New York

[edit]
Main article: 1815 United States Senate election in New York
See also: List of United States senators from New York

North Carolina (special)

[edit]
See also: List of United States senators from North Carolina

Ohio

[edit]
See also: List of United States senators from Ohio and 1814 United States House of Representatives elections in Ohio

Ohio (regular)

[edit]

Ohio (special)

[edit]

Pennsylvania

[edit]
See also: List of United States senators from Pennsylvania and 1814 United States House of Representatives elections in Pennsylvania

Pennsylvania (special)

[edit]

Pennsylvania (regular)

[edit]

Rhode Island

[edit]
See also: List of United States senators from Rhode Island

Tennessee

[edit]
See also: List of United States senators from Tennessee and 1815 United States House of Representatives elections in Tennessee

Tennessee (regular)

[edit]

Tennessee (special, class 1)

[edit]

Tennessee (special, class 2)

[edit]

Vermont

[edit]
See also: List of United States senators from Vermont

Virginia

[edit]
See also: List of United States senators from Virginia

Virginia (regular)

[edit]

Virginia (special)

[edit]

Virginia

[edit]
See also: List of United States senators from Virginia

See also

[edit]

Notes

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "17th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution: Direct Election of U.S. Senators (1913)". National Archives and Records Administration. February 8, 2022.
  2. ^ a b "U.S. Senate Election - February 24, 1814" (PDF). Wilkes University. Retrieved December 21, 2012.
  3. ^ "New Hampshire 1814 U.S. Senate, Special". Tufts Digital Collations and Archives. A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825. Tufts University. Retrieved February 25, 2018., citing Concord Gazette (Concord, NH). June 28, 1814. Turner, Lynn Warren. The Ninth State: New Hampshire's Formative Years. Chapel Hill, NC: The University of North Carolina Press, 1983. 292.
  4. ^ Taylor, William A. (1900). Ohio in Congress from 1803 to 1901 with Notes and Sketches of Senators and Representatives and Other Historical Data and Incidents. Columbus, Ohio: The XX. Century Publishing Co. pp. 98–99 – via Internet Archive.
  5. ^ "Kentucky 1814 U.S. Senate". Tufts Digital Collations and Archives. A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825. Tufts University. Retrieved February 25, 2018., citing The Western Monitor (Lexington, KY). December 23, 1814. Argus of Western America (Frankfort, KY). December 17, 1814.
  6. ^ a b "North Carolina 1814 U.S. Senate, Special, Ballot 11". Tufts Digital Collations and Archives. A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825. Tufts University. Retrieved February 26, 2018., citing Norfolk Gazette and Publick Ledger (Norfolk, VA). January 4, 1815.
  7. ^ "NC US Senate - Special Election". Our Campaigns. January 6, 2008. Retrieved February 24, 2015.
  8. ^ a b "Virginia 1814 U.S. Senate". Tufts Digital Collations and Archives. A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825. Tufts University. Retrieved February 27, 2018., citing Norfolk Gazette and Publick Ledger (Norfolk, VA). November 19, 1814.
  9. ^ "Kentucky 1815 U.S. Senate, Ballot 2". Tufts Digital Collations and Archives. A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825. Tufts University. Retrieved February 25, 2018., citing The Union (Washington, KY). January 14, 1815. Argus of Western America (Frankfort, KY). January 7, 1815.
  10. ^ "Delaware 1815 U.S. Senate". Tufts Digital Collations and Archives. A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825. Tufts University. Retrieved February 25, 2018., citing Journal of the Delaware House of Representatives, 1815. 37.
  11. ^ "MD US Senate". Our Campaigns. August 29, 2004. Retrieved February 27, 2015.
  12. ^ "NJ US Senate". Our Campaigns. April 1, 2007. Retrieved February 26, 2015.
  13. ^ a b c "New Jersey 1815 U.S. Senate". Tufts Digital Collations and Archives. A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825. Tufts University. Retrieved February 26, 2018., citing New Jersey Privy Council Records, 1814. 306–307.
  14. ^ a b "New York 1815 U.S. Senate". Tufts Digital Collations and Archives. A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825. Tufts University. Retrieved February 26, 2018., citing Ontario Messenger (Canandaigua, NY). February 21, 1815.
  15. ^ a b "NY US Senate". Our Campaigns. Retrieved February 23, 2015.
  16. ^ a b Taylor, William A. (1900). Ohio in Congress from 1803 to 1901 with Notes and Sketches of Senators and Representatives and Other Historical Data and Incidents. Columbus, Ohio: The XX. Century Publishing Co. p. 99 – via Internet Archive.
  17. ^ a b "U.S. Senate Election - December 10, 1814" (PDF). Wilkes University. Retrieved December 21, 2012.
  18. ^ "Rhode Island 1814 U.S. Senate". Tufts Digital Collations and Archives. A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825. Tufts University. Retrieved February 27, 2018., citing The Rhode-Island American, and General Advertiser (Providence, RI). November 8, 1814.
  19. ^ "Tuesday, October 25th: Senator". Vermont Watchman. Montpelier, VT. October 27, 1814. p. 3. In addition to winning a majority in the legislature, Tichenor also unanimously received the 12 votes of the Governor and Council.
  20. ^ "Tennessee 1815 U.S. Senate". Tufts Digital Collations and Archives. A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825. Tufts University. Retrieved February 27, 2018., citing Original Tally Sheet. Tennessee State Library and Archives, Nashville. Journal of the Tennessee House of Representatives, 1815. 112. Journal of the Tennessee State Senate, 1815. 96–97.
  21. ^ "Tennessee 1815 U.S. Senate, Special". Tufts Digital Collations and Archives. A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825. Tufts University. Retrieved February 27, 2018., citing Original Tally Sheet. Tennessee State Library and Archives, Nashville. Journal of the Tennessee House of Representatives, 1815. 112. Journal of the Tennessee State Senate, 1815. 96–97.
  22. ^ a b "North Carolina 1815 U.S. Senate, Special, Ballot 5". Tufts Digital Collations and Archives. A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825. Tufts University. Retrieved February 26, 2018., citing The Star (Raleigh, NC). December 8, 1815.
  23. ^ a b "NC US Senate - Special Election". Our Campaigns. January 6, 2008. Retrieved February 24, 2015.
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