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{{Short description|American Episcopal bishop}}
{{Other people|William Lawrence}}
{{Other people||William Lawrence (disambiguation){{!}}William Lawrence}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=May 2022}}
{{Infobox Christian leader
{{Infobox Christian leader
| type = bishop
| type = bishop
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<!---------- Personal details ---------->
<!---------- Personal details ---------->
| birth_name =
| birth_name =
| birth_date = March 30, 1850
| birth_date = {{Birth date|1850|05|30}}
| birth_place = [[Boston]], [[Massachusetts]], [[United States]]
| birth_place = [[Boston]], Massachusetts, United States
| death_date = November 6, 1941 (aged 91)
| death_date = {{Death date and age|1941|11|06|1850|05|30}}
| death_place = [[Milton, Massachusetts]], [[United States]]
| death_place = [[Milton, Massachusetts|Milton]], Massachusetts, United States
| buried = [[Mount Auburn Cemetery]]
| buried = [[Mount Auburn Cemetery]]
| resting_place_coordinates =
| resting_place_coordinates =
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| occupation =
| occupation =
| profession =
| profession =
| previous_post =
| previous_post =
| education =
| education =
| alma_mater = [[Harvard University]]<br>[[Harvard Divinity School]]
| alma_mater = [[Harvard University]]<br>[[Harvard Divinity School]]
| signature = Signature of bishop William Lawrence.png
}}
}}


'''William Lawrence''' (March 30, 1850 – November 6, 1941)<ref name="WLOBit1941"/> was elected as the 7th [[Bishop]] of the [[Episcopal Diocese of Massachusetts]] (1893–1927). Lawrence was the son of the notable textile industrialist [[Amos Adams Lawrence]] and a member of the influential [[Boston Brahmin|Boston family]], founded by his great-grandfather and [[United States|American]] revolutionary, [[Samuel Lawrence (revolutionary)|Samuel Lawrence]]. His grandfather was the famed philanthropist [[Amos Lawrence]].<ref name="WLOBit1941"/>
'''William Lawrence''' (May 30, 1850 – November 6, 1941) was elected as the 7th [[Bishop]] of the [[Episcopal Diocese of Massachusetts]] (1893–1927). Lawrence was the son of the notable textile industrialist [[Amos Adams Lawrence]] and a member of the influential [[Boston Brahmin|Boston family]], founded by his great-grandfather and [[United States|American]] revolutionary, [[Samuel Lawrence (revolutionary)|Samuel Lawrence]]. His grandfather was the famed philanthropist [[Amos Lawrence]].


==Early life==
==Early life==
Lawrence was born on March 30, 1850 in [[Boston]], [[Massachusetts]]. He was the son of Sarah Elizabeth Appleton (1822–1891) and [[Amos Adams Lawrence]] (1814–1886), a notable textile industrialist, and a member of the influential [[Boston Brahmin|Boston family]], founded by his great-grandfather and American revolutionary, [[Samuel_Lawrence_(revolutionary)|Samuel Lawrence]]. His grandfather was the famed philanthropist [[Amos Lawrence]].<ref name="WLOBit1941"/>
Lawrence was born on May 30, 1850, in [[Boston]], Massachusetts.<ref name=Twentieth>{{Cite book |url=https://archive.org/details/biographicaldict06johnuoft/page/354/mode/1up |title=The Twentieth Century Biographical Dictionary of Notable Americans |volume=VI |editor1-first=Rossiter |editor1-last=Johnson |editor2-first=John Howard |editor2-last=Brown |publisher=The Biographical Society |location=Boston |page=<!-- no page numbers --> |year=1904 |access-date=2022-05-04 |via=Internet Archive}}</ref> He was the son of Sarah Elizabeth Appleton (1822–1891) and [[Amos Adams Lawrence]] (1814–1886), a notable textile industrialist, and a member of the influential [[Boston Brahmin|Boston family]], founded by his great-grandfather and American revolutionary, [[Samuel_Lawrence_(revolutionary)|Samuel Lawrence]]. His grandfather was the famed philanthropist [[Amos Lawrence]].<ref name="WLOBit1941"/>


He graduated from [[Harvard College]], as was the tradition in his family. He earned his [[Doctor of Divinity]] (D.D.) degree from [[Harvard Divinity School]] in 1897. In 1910, he was honored with a [[Doctor of Laws]] (LL.D.) degree from Harvard presented by his cousin and then president of Harvard, [[A. Lawrence Lowell]].<ref name="WLOBit1941"/>
He graduated from [[Harvard College]], as was the tradition in his family. He earned his [[Doctor of Divinity]] (D.D.) degree from [[Harvard Divinity School]] in 1897. In 1910, he was honored with a [[Doctor of Laws]] (LL.D.) degree from Harvard presented by his cousin and then president of Harvard, [[A. Lawrence Lowell]].<ref name="WLOBit1941"/>


==Career==
==Career==
[[File:TIMEMagazine14Jan1924.jpg|thumb|''[[Time (magazine)|Time]]'' Cover, 14 Jan 1924]]
[[File:TIMEMagazine14Jan1924.jpg|thumb|''[[Time (magazine)|Time]]'' cover, January 14, 1924]]
Lawrence is best known for founding the church pension system. He was also known as "the banker bishop" because his fund-raising drives "invariably developed with [[Midas]]-like magic."{{citation needed|date=July 2013}} The financier [[J. P. Morgan, Jr.]] served as treasurer of the Church Pension Fund from its founding in 1918.
Lawrence is best known for founding the church pension system. He was also known as "the banker bishop" because of his wealth and successful fund-raising drives.<ref>{{Cite magazine |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=M-PumTq-XYIC&pg=RA2-PA5&ci=626%2C509%2C277%2C298 |title=National Affairs |magazine=[[Time (magazine)|Time]] |volume=VI |number=3 |page=5 |date=1925-07-20 |access-date=2022-05-04 |via=Google Books}}</ref> The financier [[J. P. Morgan, Jr.]] served as treasurer of the Church Pension Fund from its founding in 1918.


While bishop [[emeritus]], Lawrence was involved in an effort to proposition a new [[Book of Common Prayer#Further developments|Book of Common Prayer]] to the [[Church of England]]. Also, while in retirement, he realized the need for a chapel at [[Massachusetts General Hospital]] and in the late 1930s, as the White Building was under construction, convinced of the importance of faith and spirit in healing, he sent over fifteen hundred hand-written letters to friends of the hospital asking for their support "in this bit of pioneer hospital work."{{citation needed|date=July 2013}} Over eight hundred people of all faiths responded.
While bishop [[emeritus]], Lawrence was involved in an effort to proposition a new ''[[Book of Common Prayer]]'' to the [[Church of England]]. Also, while in retirement, he realized the need for a chapel at [[Massachusetts General Hospital]] and in the late 1930s, as the White Building was under construction, convinced of the importance of faith and spirit in healing, he sent letters to friends of the hospital asking for their support "in this bit of pioneer hospital work."<ref>{{Cite journal |url=https://archive.org/details/quarterlyrecord13031mghs/page/n495/mode/1up |title=The Chapel Massachusetts General Hospital |journal=The Quarterly Record |publisher=Massachusetts General Hospital Nurses Alumnae Association, Inc. |volume=XXXII |number=2 |pages=4–6 |date=June 1941 |access-date=2022-05-04 |via=Internet Archive}}</ref> Over eight hundred people of all faiths responded.


He was elected a member of the [[American Antiquarian Society]] in 1899.<ref>[http://www.americanantiquarian.org/memberlistl American Antiquarian Society Members Directory]</ref> In 1926, Lawrence published his autobiography, ''Memories of a Happy Life''. Several of his sons, following in his footsteps, also became bishops of the Episcopal Church.
He was elected a member of the [[American Antiquarian Society]] in 1899.<ref>[http://www.americanantiquarian.org/memberlistl American Antiquarian Society Members Directory]</ref> In 1926, Lawrence published his autobiography, ''Memories of a Happy Life''. Several of his sons, following in his footsteps, also became bishops of the Episcopal Church.


===Famous quote===
===Famous quote===
The "banker bishop" is quoted as having said, "In the long run it is only to the man of morality that wealth comes... We, like the Psalmists, occasionally see the wicked prosper, but only occasionally. Godliness is in league with riches.”<ref>"The Relation of Wealth to Morals," in <i>The World's Work</i> (Doubleday, 1901), Vol 1 p. 287</ref>
The "banker bishop" is quoted as having said, "In the long run it is only to the man of morality that wealth comes... We, like the Psalmists, occasionally see the wicked prosper, but only occasionally. Godliness is in league with riches."<ref>"The Relation of Wealth to Morals", in ''The World's Work'' (Doubleday, 1901), Vol 1 p. 287</ref>


==Legacy==
==Legacy==
Lawrence was married to Julia Cunningham (1853–1927),<ref name="JCLObit1927">{{cite news|title=MRS. JULIA LAWRENCE.; Wife of Former Episcopal Bishop of Massachusetts Dies at 74.|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1927/09/07/archives/mrs-julia-lawrence-wife-of-former-episcopal-bishop-of-massachusetts.html|access-date=15 March 2018|work=[[The New York Times]]|date=7 September 1927}}</ref> the daughter of Frederic Cunningham and Sarah Maria ([[née]] Parker) Cunningham.<ref name="JCLObit1927"/> Together, they were the parents of:<ref name="WLOBit1941"/>
Lawrence was married to Julia Cunningham (1853–1927),<ref name="JCLObit1927">{{cite news|title=Mrs. Julia Lawrence.; Wife of Former Episcopal Bishop of Massachusetts Dies at 74.|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1927/09/07/archives/mrs-julia-lawrence-wife-of-former-episcopal-bishop-of-massachusetts.html|access-date=15 March 2018|work=[[The New York Times]] |page=29 |date=7 September 1927 |url-access=subscription}}</ref> the daughter of Frederic Cunningham and Sarah Maria ([[née]] Parker) Cunningham.<ref name="JCLObit1927"/> Together, they were the parents of:<ref name="WLOBit1941"/>


* Marianne Lawrence (1875–1974), who married Harold Peabody (1880–1961)
* Marianne Lawrence (1875–1974), who married Harold Peabody (1880–1961)
* Julia Lawrence (1877–1962), who married Morton Lazell Fearey (1876–1948)
* Julia Lawrence (1877–1962), who married Morton Lazell Fearey (1876–1948)
* Sarah Lawrence (1878–1950), who founded the Junior League of Boston in 1906,<ref>[http://www.jlboston.org/jlb/npo.jsp?pg=about4 ] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110326065313/http://www.jlboston.org/jlb/npo.jsp?pg=about4 |date=March 26, 2011 }}</ref> and married Bishop [[Charles Lewis Slattery]] (1867–1930) in 1923.<ref name="BSObit1930">{{cite book|title=Bishop Slattery of Mass. Victim of Heart Attack {{!}} Successor to Bishop Lawrence Held Office Less Than Three Years--Former Teacher at Groton School|date=March 13, 1930|publisher=[[The Daily Telegraph|The Telegraph]]|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=2209&dat=19300313&id=AhpAAAAAIBAJ&sjid=h6QMAAAAIBAJ&pg=3810,5079580|access-date=15 March 2018}}</ref>
* Sarah Lawrence (1878–1950), who founded the Junior League of Boston in 1906,<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.jlboston.org/jlb/npo.jsp?pg=about4 |title=History & Structure |publisher=[[Junior League of Boston]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110326065313/http://www.jlboston.org/jlb/npo.jsp?pg=about4 |archive-date=March 26, 2011 |url-status=dead |access-date=2022-05-04}}</ref> and married Bishop [[Charles Lewis Slattery]] (1867–1930) in 1923.<ref name="BSObit1930">{{cite book|title=Bishop Slattery of Mass. Victim of Heart Attack {{!}} Successor to Bishop Lawrence Held Office Less Than Three Years--Former Teacher at Groton School|date=March 13, 1930|publisher=[[The Daily Telegraph|The Telegraph]]|url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=2209&dat=19300313&id=AhpAAAAAIBAJ&sjid=h6QMAAAAIBAJ&pg=3810,5079580|access-date=15 March 2018}}</ref>
* Ruth Lawrence (1886–1973), who married Lansing P. Reed
* Ruth Lawrence (1886–1973), who married Lansing P. Reed
* [[William Appleton Lawrence]] (1889–1968), who was elected 3rd Bishop of the [[Episcopal Diocese of Western Massachusetts]] (1925–41).<ref name="WLobit1969">{{cite news|title=William Lawrence, Retired Bishop, 79|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1969/01/06/archives/william-lawrence-retired-bishop-79.html|access-date=15 March 2018|work=[[The New York Times]]|date=January 6, 1969}}</ref>
* [[William Appleton Lawrence]] (1889–1968), who was elected 3rd Bishop of the [[Episcopal Diocese of Western Massachusetts]] (1925–41).<ref name="WLobit1969">{{cite news|title=William Lawrence, Retired Bishop, 79|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1969/01/06/archives/william-lawrence-retired-bishop-79.html|access-date=15 March 2018|work=[[The New York Times]] |page=47 |date=January 6, 1969 |url-access=subscription}}</ref>
* Elinor Lawrence (1894–1963), who married Lewis Hunt Mills (1892–1953)
* Elinor Lawrence (1894–1963), who married Lewis Hunt Mills (1892–1953)
* [[Frederic C. Lawrence|Frederic Cunningham Lawrence]] (1899–1989), who was elected [[suffragan bishop]] of the Episcopal Diocese of Massachusetts (1956–68).
* [[Frederic C. Lawrence|Frederic Cunningham Lawrence]] (1899–1989), who was elected [[suffragan bishop]] of the Episcopal Diocese of Massachusetts (1956–68).


Lawrence died on November 6, 1941 at the age of 91 in [[Milton, Massachusetts]].<ref name="WLOBit1941">{{cite news|title=DR. LAWRENCE DIES; BISHOP EMERITUS; Successor to Phillips Brooks as Head of Massachusetts Episcopal Diocese Was 91 FOUNDED CHURCH PENSION Known for His Liberalism and Tolerance Urged Inquiry Into Sacco-Vanzetti Case|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1941/11/07/archives/gel-lawrence-dies-bishop-emeritus-i-successor-to-phihips-brooks-as.html|access-date=15 March 2018|work=[[The New York Times]]|date=7 November 1941}}</ref><ref name="1941Bequests">{{cite news|title=Bequests by Bishop Lawrence|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1941/11/19/archives/bequests-by-bishop-lawrence.html|access-date=15 March 2018|work=[[The New York Times]]|date=19 November 1941}}</ref><ref name="1941Funeral">{{cite news|title=3,000 ATTEND SERVICE FOR BISHOP LAWRENCE; His Two Sons Conduct Rites at Cemetery in Cambridge, Mass.|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1941/11/09/archives/3000-attend-service-for-bishop-lawrence-his-two-sons-conduct-rites.html|access-date=15 March 2018|work=[[The New York Times]]|date=9 November 1941}}</ref>
Lawrence died on November 6, 1941, at the age of 91 in [[Milton, Massachusetts]].<ref name="WLOBit1941">{{cite news|title=Dr. Lawrence Dies; Bishop Emeritus; Successor to Phillips Brooks as Head of Massachusetts Episcopal Diocese Was 91 Founded Church Pension; Known for His Liberalism and Tolerance Urged Inquiry Into Sacco-Vanzetti Case|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1941/11/07/archives/gel-lawrence-dies-bishop-emeritus-i-successor-to-phihips-brooks-as.html|access-date=15 March 2018|work=[[The New York Times]] |page=23 |date=7 November 1941 |url-access=subscription}}</ref><ref name="1941Bequests">{{cite news|title=Bequests by Bishop Lawrence|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1941/11/19/archives/bequests-by-bishop-lawrence.html|access-date=15 March 2018|work=[[The New York Times]] |page=25 |date=19 November 1941 |url-access=subscription}}</ref><ref name="1941Funeral">{{cite news|title=3,000 Attend Service for Bishop Lawrence; His Two Sons Conduct Rites at Cemetery in Cambridge, Mass.|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1941/11/09/archives/3000-attend-service-for-bishop-lawrence-his-two-sons-conduct-rites.html|access-date=15 March 2018|work=[[The New York Times]] |page=52 |date=9 November 1941 |url-access=subscription}}</ref>


==Works==
==Works==
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* {{wikisource author-inline}}
* {{wikisource author-inline}}
* [http://www.diomass.org/ Episcopal Diocese of Massachusetts] - official website
* [http://www.diomass.org/ Episcopal Diocese of Massachusetts] - official website
* {{worldcat id|lccn-n90-678163}}


{{s-start}}
{{s-start}}
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[[Category:Episcopal bishops of Massachusetts]]
[[Category:Episcopal bishops of Massachusetts]]
[[Category:Members of the American Antiquarian Society]]
[[Category:Members of the American Antiquarian Society]]
[[Category:Presidents of the Religious Education Association]]

Latest revision as of 00:33, 4 February 2024

For other people with the same name, see William Lawrence.

The Right Reverend

William Lawrence

D.D., LL.D.
Bishop of Massachusetts
William Lawrence (between 1910 and 1915)
ChurchEpiscopal Church
DioceseMassachusetts
ElectedMay 4, 1893
In office1893–1927
PredecessorPhillips Brooks
SuccessorCharles Lewis Slattery
Orders
OrdinationJune 11, 1876
by Benjamin Henry Paddock
ConsecrationOctober 5, 1893
by John Williams
Personal details
Born(1850-05-30)May 30, 1850
Boston, Massachusetts, United States
DiedNovember 6, 1941(1941-11-06) (aged 91)
Milton, Massachusetts, United States
BuriedMount Auburn Cemetery
NationalityAmerican
DenominationAnglican
ParentsAmos Adams Lawrence &
Sarah Elizabeth Appleton
SpouseJulia Cunningham (d. 1900)
Children5
Alma materHarvard University
Harvard Divinity School
SignatureWilliam Lawrence's signature

William Lawrence (May 30, 1850 – November 6, 1941) was elected as the 7th Bishop of the Episcopal Diocese of Massachusetts (1893–1927). Lawrence was the son of the notable textile industrialist Amos Adams Lawrence and a member of the influential Boston family, founded by his great-grandfather and American revolutionary, Samuel Lawrence. His grandfather was the famed philanthropist Amos Lawrence.

Early life

[edit]

Lawrence was born on May 30, 1850, in Boston, Massachusetts.[1] He was the son of Sarah Elizabeth Appleton (1822–1891) and Amos Adams Lawrence (1814–1886), a notable textile industrialist, and a member of the influential Boston family, founded by his great-grandfather and American revolutionary, Samuel Lawrence. His grandfather was the famed philanthropist Amos Lawrence.[2]

He graduated from Harvard College, as was the tradition in his family. He earned his Doctor of Divinity (D.D.) degree from Harvard Divinity School in 1897. In 1910, he was honored with a Doctor of Laws (LL.D.) degree from Harvard presented by his cousin and then president of Harvard, A. Lawrence Lowell.[2]

Career

[edit]
Time cover, January 14, 1924

Lawrence is best known for founding the church pension system. He was also known as "the banker bishop" because of his wealth and successful fund-raising drives.[3] The financier J. P. Morgan, Jr. served as treasurer of the Church Pension Fund from its founding in 1918.

While bishop emeritus, Lawrence was involved in an effort to proposition a new Book of Common Prayer to the Church of England. Also, while in retirement, he realized the need for a chapel at Massachusetts General Hospital and in the late 1930s, as the White Building was under construction, convinced of the importance of faith and spirit in healing, he sent letters to friends of the hospital asking for their support "in this bit of pioneer hospital work."[4] Over eight hundred people of all faiths responded.

He was elected a member of the American Antiquarian Society in 1899.[5] In 1926, Lawrence published his autobiography, Memories of a Happy Life. Several of his sons, following in his footsteps, also became bishops of the Episcopal Church.

Famous quote

[edit]

The "banker bishop" is quoted as having said, "In the long run it is only to the man of morality that wealth comes... We, like the Psalmists, occasionally see the wicked prosper, but only occasionally. Godliness is in league with riches."[6]

Legacy

[edit]

Lawrence was married to Julia Cunningham (1853–1927),[7] the daughter of Frederic Cunningham and Sarah Maria (née Parker) Cunningham.[7] Together, they were the parents of:[2]

Lawrence died on November 6, 1941, at the age of 91 in Milton, Massachusetts.[2][11][12]

Works

[edit]
  • Lawrence, William (1914). Memoir of John Pierpont Morgan (1837–1913): written in the form of a letter to Herbert L. Satterlee dated January 6, 1914.
  • A Life of Roger Wolcott, Governor of Massachusetts (1902)[13]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Johnson, Rossiter; Brown, John Howard, eds. (1904). The Twentieth Century Biographical Dictionary of Notable Americans. Vol. VI. Boston: The Biographical Society. Retrieved May 4, 2022 – via Internet Archive.
  2. ^ a b c d "Dr. Lawrence Dies; Bishop Emeritus; Successor to Phillips Brooks as Head of Massachusetts Episcopal Diocese Was 91 Founded Church Pension; Known for His Liberalism and Tolerance Urged Inquiry Into Sacco-Vanzetti Case". The New York Times. November 7, 1941. p. 23. Retrieved March 15, 2018.
  3. ^ "National Affairs". Time. Vol. VI, no. 3. July 20, 1925. p. 5. Retrieved May 4, 2022 – via Google Books.
  4. ^ "The Chapel Massachusetts General Hospital". The Quarterly Record. XXXII (2). Massachusetts General Hospital Nurses Alumnae Association, Inc.: 4–6 June 1941. Retrieved May 4, 2022 – via Internet Archive.
  5. ^ American Antiquarian Society Members Directory
  6. ^ "The Relation of Wealth to Morals", in The World's Work (Doubleday, 1901), Vol 1 p. 287
  7. ^ a b "Mrs. Julia Lawrence.; Wife of Former Episcopal Bishop of Massachusetts Dies at 74". The New York Times. September 7, 1927. p. 29. Retrieved March 15, 2018.
  8. ^ "History & Structure". Junior League of Boston. Archived from the original on March 26, 2011. Retrieved May 4, 2022.
  9. ^ Bishop Slattery of Mass. Victim of Heart Attack | Successor to Bishop Lawrence Held Office Less Than Three Years--Former Teacher at Groton School. The Telegraph. March 13, 1930. Retrieved March 15, 2018.
  10. ^ "William Lawrence, Retired Bishop, 79". The New York Times. January 6, 1969. p. 47. Retrieved March 15, 2018.
  11. ^ "Bequests by Bishop Lawrence". The New York Times. November 19, 1941. p. 25. Retrieved March 15, 2018.
  12. ^ "3,000 Attend Service for Bishop Lawrence; His Two Sons Conduct Rites at Cemetery in Cambridge, Mass". The New York Times. November 9, 1941. p. 52. Retrieved March 15, 2018.
  13. ^ Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Lawrence, Amos Adams § William Lawrence" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 16 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 305.
[edit]
Episcopal Church (USA) titles
Preceded by 7th Bishop of Massachusetts
1893–1927 		Succeeded by
Awards and achievements
Preceded by Cover of Time Magazine
14 January 1924 		Succeeded by
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