Gegepterus: Difference between revisions
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{{Short description|Genus of ctenochasmatid pterosaur from the Early Cretaceous}} |
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{{Automatic taxobox |
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{{Taxobox |
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| taxon = Gegepterus |
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| regnum = [[Animal]]ia |
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| phylum = [[Chordate|Chordata]] |
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| type_species_authority = Wang ''et al.'', 2007 |
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| classis = [[Reptile|Sauropsida]] |
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| ordo = [[Pterosauria]] |
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| subordo = [[Pterodactyloidea]] |
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| familia = [[Ctenochasmatidae]] |
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| genus = '''''Gegepterus''''' |
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'''''Gegepterus''''' |
'''''Gegepterus''''' is a [[genus]] of [[Ctenochasmatidae|ctenochasmatid]] [[pterosaur]] from the [[Early Cretaceous]] period of what is now the [[Yixian Formation]] of [[Liaoning]], [[People's Republic of China|China]]. Only one species is known, '''''G. changi'''''. |
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==History and etymology== |
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The genus was named in 2007 by [[Wang Xiaolin]], [[Alexander Kellner]], [[Zhou Zhonge (paleontologist)|Zhou Zhonge]] and [[Diogenes de Almeida Campos]]. The [[type species]] is ''Gegepterus changi''. The [[genus|generic name]] is derived from [[Manchu language|Manchu]] ''ge ge'', the title of a princess, in reference to the dainty gracility of the specimen, and a Latinized Greek ''pteron'', "wing". The [[specific name (zoology)|specific name]] honors female paleontologist [[Chang Meemann]], who over the years established a cordial relationship between the Chinese and Brazilian authors.<ref name=WKZA07/> In 2008 Wang emended the epithet to ''changae'',<ref>Wang X., 2008, "Order Pterosauria" In: Li J., Wu X., Zhnag F. eds. ''Chinese Fossil Reptiles and their Kin'' 2nd edition, Science Press, Beijing p. 215-234</ref> but such changes are no longer allowed by the [[International Code of Zoological Nomenclature|ICZN]]. |
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It is known from two specimens. The first is [[holotype]] '''IVPP V 11981''', which was in 2001 found in grey [[shale]]s from the lower part of the [[rock formation|formation]] (estimated at 125 million years old), near the city of [[Beipiao]]. It consists of a crushed and damaged partial skeleton of a [[juvenile (organism)|subadult]] including skull, lower jaws, cervical and sacral [[vertebra]]e, ribs, [[gastralium|gastralia]] ("belly ribs"), [[shoulder girdle]] and hindlimb remains, along with dark soft tissue remains near the skull and gastralia and in the orbit; unfortunately, the soft tissue remains show no structure except for some small, unbranched fibers at the back of the head. The jaws are very elongated; the snout is flat and concave on top, with a low and thin crest. The forehead slightly projects to the front. The cervicals are elongated.<ref name=WKZA07>Wang, X., Kellner, A.W.A., Zhou, Z., and Campos, D.A. (2007). "A new pterosaur (Ctenochasmatidae, Archaeopterodactyloidea) from the Lower Cretaceous Yixian Formation of China." ''Cretaceous Research'', '''28'''(2): 2245-260. {{doi|10.1016/j.cretres.2006.08.004}}</ref> |
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In 2011, a second, smaller specimen was described, IVPP V 11972, which increased the known skeletal elements and showed a more extensive covering of hair-like structures.<ref>Jiang Shun-Xing & Wang Xiao-Lin, 2011, "Important features of ''Gegepterus changae'' (Pterosauria: Archaeopterodactyloidea, Ctenochasmatidae) from a new specimen", ''Vertebrata PalAsiatica'' '''49'''(2): 172-184 http://www.ivpp.cas.cn/cbw/gjzdwxb/xbwzxz/201105/P020110530510419201105.pdf</ref> |
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{{reflist}} |
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==Classification== |
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| ⚫ | The authors assigned ''Gegepterus'' to the [[Ctenochasmatidae]], on the basis of its long [[beak|rostrum]] and numerous needle-like [[teeth]], about 150 in total. This is the first uncontroversial report of the Ctenochasmatidae from the Yixian Formation, as the fossils of other assumed ctenochasmatids have not preserved the dentition. It was at first suspected to be the juvenile of some known species.<ref name=WKZA07/> |
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[[Category:Prehistoric reptiles of Asia]] |
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Below is [[cladogram]] following a topology by Andres, Clark and Xu (2014). In the analysis, they recovered ''Gegepterus'' within the family Ctenochasmatidae, more precisely within the tribe [[Pterodaustrini]], sister taxon to ''[[Beipiaopterus]]''.<ref name=kryptodrakon>{{Cite journal | url = https://www.cell.com/current-biology/pdfExtended/S0960-9822(14)00322-4 | doi = 10.1016/j.cub.2014.03.030| title = The Earliest Pterodactyloid and the Origin of the Group| journal = Current Biology| year = 2014| last1 = Andres | first1 = B. | last2 = Clark | first2 = J. | last3 = Xu | first3 = X. | pmid=24768054 | volume=24 | issue = 9| pages=1011–6| doi-access = free }}</ref> |
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{{clade| style=font-size:90%;line-height:90% |
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{{pterosaur-stub}} |
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|label1= [[Ctenochasmatidae]] |
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|1={{clade |
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|2={{clade |
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|1=''[[Kepodactylus insperatus]]'' |
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|2={{clade |
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|1=''[[Elanodactylus prolatus]]'' |
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|2={{clade |
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|label1= [[Moganopterinae]] |
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|1={{clade |
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|1=''[[Feilongus youngi]]'' |
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|2=''[[Moganopterus zhuiana]]''}} |
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|label2= [[Gnathosaurinae]] |
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|2={{clade |
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|1=''[[Huanhepterus quingyangensis]]'' |
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|2={{clade |
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|1=''[[Plataleorhynchus streptophorodon]]'' |
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|2={{clade |
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|1=''[[Gnathosaurus subulatus]]'' |
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|2=''[[Gnathosaurus macrurus]]''}} }} }} }} }} }} |
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|label1= [[Ctenochasmatinae]] |
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|1={{clade |
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|1=''[[Ctenochasma]]'' |
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|label2= [[Pterodaustrini]] |
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|2={{clade |
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|1=''[[Pterodaustro guinazui]]'' |
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|2={{clade |
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|1=''[[Eosipterus yangi]]'' |
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|2={{clade |
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|1=''[[Beipiaopterus chenianus]]'' |
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|2='''''Gegepterus changi'''''}} }} }} }} }} }} |
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* [[Timeline of pterosaur research]] |
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[[nl:Gegepterus]] |
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{{Reflist}} |
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[[zh:格格翼龍]] |
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{{Pterosauria|Ar.}} |
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{{Taxonbar|from=Q1012748}} |
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{{Portal bar|Paleontology|China}} |
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[[Category:Fossil taxa described in 2007]] |
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[[Category:Taxa named by Alexander Kellner]] |
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[[Category:Yixian fauna]] |
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Latest revision as of 15:46, 11 February 2024
| Gegepterus Temporal range: Early Cretaceous,
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Scientific classification 
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| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Order: | †Pterosauria |
| Suborder: | †Pterodactyloidea |
| Family: | †Ctenochasmatidae |
| Tribe: | †Pterodaustrini |
| Genus: | †Gegepterus Wang et al., 2007 |
| Type species | |
| †Gegepterus changi Wang et al., 2007
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Gegepterus is a genus of ctenochasmatid pterosaur from the Early Cretaceous period of what is now the Yixian Formation of Liaoning, China. Only one species is known, G. changi.
History and etymology
[edit]The genus was named in 2007 by Wang Xiaolin, Alexander Kellner, Zhou Zhonge and Diogenes de Almeida Campos. The type species is Gegepterus changi. The generic name is derived from Manchu ge ge, the title of a princess, in reference to the dainty gracility of the specimen, and a Latinized Greek pteron, "wing". The specific name honors female paleontologist Chang Meemann, who over the years established a cordial relationship between the Chinese and Brazilian authors.[1] In 2008 Wang emended the epithet to changae,[2] but such changes are no longer allowed by the ICZN.
It is known from two specimens. The first is holotype IVPP V 11981, which was in 2001 found in grey shales from the lower part of the formation (estimated at 125 million years old), near the city of Beipiao. It consists of a crushed and damaged partial skeleton of a subadult including skull, lower jaws, cervical and sacral vertebrae, ribs, gastralia ("belly ribs"), shoulder girdle and hindlimb remains, along with dark soft tissue remains near the skull and gastralia and in the orbit; unfortunately, the soft tissue remains show no structure except for some small, unbranched fibers at the back of the head. The jaws are very elongated; the snout is flat and concave on top, with a low and thin crest. The forehead slightly projects to the front. The cervicals are elongated.[1]
In 2011, a second, smaller specimen was described, IVPP V 11972, which increased the known skeletal elements and showed a more extensive covering of hair-like structures.[3]
Classification
[edit]The authors assigned Gegepterus to the Ctenochasmatidae, on the basis of its long rostrum and numerous needle-like teeth, about 150 in total. This is the first uncontroversial report of the Ctenochasmatidae from the Yixian Formation, as the fossils of other assumed ctenochasmatids have not preserved the dentition. It was at first suspected to be the juvenile of some known species.[1]
Below is cladogram following a topology by Andres, Clark and Xu (2014). In the analysis, they recovered Gegepterus within the family Ctenochasmatidae, more precisely within the tribe Pterodaustrini, sister taxon to Beipiaopterus.[4]
| Ctenochasmatidae |
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See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ a b c Wang, X., Kellner, A.W.A., Zhou, Z., and Campos, D.A. (2007). "A new pterosaur (Ctenochasmatidae, Archaeopterodactyloidea) from the Lower Cretaceous Yixian Formation of China." Cretaceous Research, 28(2): 2245-260. doi:10.1016/j.cretres.2006.08.004
- ^ Wang X., 2008, "Order Pterosauria" In: Li J., Wu X., Zhnag F. eds. Chinese Fossil Reptiles and their Kin 2nd edition, Science Press, Beijing p. 215-234
- ^ Jiang Shun-Xing & Wang Xiao-Lin, 2011, "Important features of Gegepterus changae (Pterosauria: Archaeopterodactyloidea, Ctenochasmatidae) from a new specimen", Vertebrata PalAsiatica 49(2): 172-184 http://www.ivpp.cas.cn/cbw/gjzdwxb/xbwzxz/201105/P020110530510419201105.pdf
- ^ Andres, B.; Clark, J.; Xu, X. (2014). "The Earliest Pterodactyloid and the Origin of the Group". Current Biology. 24 (9): 1011–6. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2014.03.030. PMID 24768054.
