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| name = Abdul Ghani Othman
| name = Abdul Ghani Othman
| native_name = {{lang|ms|{{Script|Arab|عبدالغاني عثمان}}}}
| native_name = {{lang|ms|{{Script|Arab|عبدالغاني عثمان}}}}
| honorific-suffix = [[Royal Family Order of Johor|DK (Johor)]] [[Order of Loyalty to the Crown of Malaysia|PSM]] [[Order of the Crown of Johor|SPMJ]] [[List of post-nominal letters (Johor)|PIS]]
| honorific-suffix = {{post-nominals|country=MYS|size=100|DK I (Johor)|DK II (Johor)|PSM|SPMJ|SMJ|PIS}}
| image = Abdul Ghani MB Johor.png
| image =
| imagesize =
| imagesize =
| caption =
| caption =
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| predecessor1 = [[Muhyiddin Yassin]]
| predecessor1 = [[Muhyiddin Yassin]]
| successor1 = [[Mohamed Khaled Nordin]]
| successor1 = [[Mohamed Khaled Nordin]]
| constituency1 = {{nseat|Serom}}
| constituency1 = [[Serom (state constituency)|Serom]]
| order2 = [[Minister of Youth and Sports (Malaysia)|Minister of Youth and Sports]]
| order2 = [[Minister of Youth and Sports (Malaysia)|Minister of Youth and Sports]]
| monarch2 = [[Azlan Shah of Perak|Azlan Shah]] <br/> [[Ja'afar of Negeri Sembilan|Ja'afar]]
| monarch2 = [[Azlan Shah of Perak|Azlan Shah]] <br/> [[Ja'afar of Negeri Sembilan|Ja'afar]]
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| successor3 = Hashim Ismail ([[United Malays National Organisation|UMNO]]-[[Barisan Nasional|BN]])
| successor3 = Hashim Ismail ([[United Malays National Organisation|UMNO]]-[[Barisan Nasional|BN]])
| assembly4 = Johor State Legislative
| assembly4 = Johor State Legislative
| constituency_AM4 = {{nseat|Serom}}
| constituency_AM4 = [[Serom (state constituency)|Serom]]
| majority4 = 13,496 ([[1995 Malaysian general election|1995]])<br /> 8,248 ([[1999 Malaysian general election|1999]])<br />8,081 ([[2004 Malaysian general election|2004]])<br />4,971 ([[2008 Malaysian general election|2008]])
| majority4 = 13,496 ([[1995 Malaysian general election|1995]])<br /> 8,248 ([[1999 Malaysian general election|1999]])<br />8,081 ([[2004 Malaysian general election|2004]])<br />4,971 ([[2008 Malaysian general election|2008]])
| term_start4 = 25 April 1995
| term_start4 = 25 April 1995
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In December 1993, Abdul Ghani was promoted to become the Minister of Youth and Sports (1 December 1993 - March 1995). He immediately initiated a national youth program called 'Rakan Muda' (Young Friend), which helped mobilise Malaysian youths through healthy activities such as sports and cultural events.
In December 1993, Abdul Ghani was promoted to become the Minister of Youth and Sports (1 December 1993 - March 1995). He immediately initiated a national youth program called 'Rakan Muda' (Young Friend), which helped mobilise Malaysian youths through healthy activities such as sports and cultural events.


Abdul Ghani won the [[Johor State Legislative Assembly]] seat of {{nseat|Serom}} in the [[1995 Malaysian general election|1995 general election]]. In March 1995, Abdul Ghani was appointed to become the Menteri Besar of Johor and has held that position for the next 17 years.
Abdul Ghani won the [[Johor State Legislative Assembly]] seat of [[Serom (state constituency)|Serom]] in the [[1995 Malaysian general election|1995 general election]]. In March 1995, Abdul Ghani was appointed to become the Menteri Besar of Johor and has held that position for the next 17 years.


During the [[2013 Malaysian general election]] however, he was defeated in an upset result by [[Democratic Action Party (Malaysia)|Democratic Action Party]] (DAP) advisor [[Lim Kit Siang]] in [[Gelang Patah]], Johor and was replaced by [[Mohamed Khaled Nordin]] as Menteri Besar for Johor.
During the [[2013 Malaysian general election]] however, he was defeated in an upset result by [[Democratic Action Party (Malaysia)|Democratic Action Party]] (DAP) advisor [[Lim Kit Siang]] in [[Gelang Patah]], Johor and was replaced by [[Mohamed Khaled Nordin]] as Menteri Besar for Johor.
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After the 2006 [[UMNO]] Annual General Assembly, Ghani elaborated that his opposition to ''[[Bangsa Malaysia]]'' and ''Malaysian Malaysia'' was because:
After the 2006 [[UMNO]] Annual General Assembly, Ghani elaborated that his opposition to ''[[Bangsa Malaysia]]'' and ''Malaysian Malaysia'' was because:
{{quote|It is about everything being equal and this does not capture the hearts of Malaysians. Therefore, regardless of whatever name is given, the concept is similar and this is against ''idea kenegaraan'' (the idea of nationhood) which we have inherited.}}
{{blockquote|It is about everything being equal and this does not capture the hearts of Malaysians. Therefore, regardless of whatever name is given, the concept is similar and this is against ''idea kenegaraan'' (the idea of nationhood) which we have inherited.}}


Ghani defined his ''idea kenegaraan'' as "the idea that has united the Malays, and also the same idea that has given privileges to other races to be citizens, live together and share power and prosperity."<ref>Tan, Marsha (3 December 2006). [https://web.archive.org/web/20070928015922/http://thestaronline.com/news/story.asp?file=%2F2006%2F12%2F3%2Fnation%2F16212464&sec=nation Ghani on why people cannot accept concept]. ''The Star''.</ref>
Ghani defined his ''idea kenegaraan'' as "the idea that has united the Malays, and also the same idea that has given privileges to other races to be citizens, live together and share power and prosperity."<ref>Tan, Marsha (3 December 2006). [https://web.archive.org/web/20070928015922/http://thestaronline.com/news/story.asp?file=%2F2006%2F12%2F3%2Fnation%2F16212464&sec=nation Ghani on why people cannot accept concept]. ''The Star''.</ref>
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| publisher = [[Malaysiakini]]
| publisher = [[Malaysiakini]]
| url = http://undi.info/#
| url = http://undi.info/#
| accessdate = 4 February 2017}} Results only available from the [[2004 Malaysian general election|2004 election]].</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://resultpru13.spr.gov.my/module/keputusan/paparan/paparan_laporan.php|title=KEPUTUSAN PILIHAN RAYA UMUM 13|work=Sistem Pengurusan Maklumat Pilihan Raya Umum|publisher=[[Election Commission of Malaysia]]|accessdate=24 March 2017}}Results only available for the [[2013 Malaysian general election|2013 election]].</ref>
| accessdate = 4 February 2017}} Results only available from the [[2004 Malaysian general election|2004 election]].</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://resultpru13.spr.gov.my/module/keputusan/paparan/paparan_laporan.php|title=KEPUTUSAN PILIHAN RAYA UMUM 13|work=Sistem Pengurusan Maklumat Pilihan Raya Umum|publisher=[[Election Commission of Malaysia]]|accessdate=24 March 2017|archive-date=14 March 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210314141057/http://resultpru13.spr.gov.my/module/keputusan/paparan/paparan_laporan.php|url-status=dead}}Results only available for the [[2013 Malaysian general election|2013 election]].</ref>
!|Year
!|Year
!|Constituency
!|Constituency
!colspan=2|Government
!colspan=2|Candidate
!|Votes
!|Votes
!|Pct
!|Pct
!colspan=2|Opposition
!colspan=2|Opponent(s)
!|Votes
!|Votes
!|Pct
!|Pct
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|rowspan=2|'''P116 [[Ledang (federal constituency)|Ledang]], Johor'''
|rowspan=2|'''P116 [[Ledang (federal constituency)|Ledang]], Johor'''
|{{Party shading/Barisan Nasional}} |
|{{Party shading/Barisan Nasional}} |
|'''Abdul Ghani Othman''' ([[United Malays National Organisation|'''UMNO''']])
|{{nowrap|'''Abdul Ghani Othman'''}} ([[United Malays National Organisation|'''UMNO''']])
|align="right" |'''21,558'''
|align="right" |'''21,558'''
|'''66.43%'''
|'''66.43%'''
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|42.04%
|42.04%
|{{Party shading/Democratic Action Party}} |
|{{Party shading/Democratic Action Party}} |
|'''[[Lim Kit Siang]]''' ([[Democratic Action Party (Malaysia)|'''DAP''']])
|{{nowrap|'''[[Lim Kit Siang]]'''}} ([[Democratic Action Party (Malaysia)|'''DAP''']])
|align="right" |'''54,284'''
|align="right" |'''54,284'''
|'''57.74%'''
|'''57.74%'''
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!|Year
!|Year
!|Constituency
!|Constituency
!colspan=2|Government
!colspan=2|Candidate
!|Votes
!|Votes
!|Pct
!|Pct
!colspan=2|Opposition
!colspan=2|Opponent(s)
!|Votes
!|Votes
!|Pct
!|Pct
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| rowspan=2|'''N04 [[Serom (state constituency)|Serom]]'''
| rowspan=2|'''N04 [[Serom (state constituency)|Serom]]'''
|{{Party shading/Barisan Nasional}} |
|{{Party shading/Barisan Nasional}} |
|'''Abdul Ghani Othman''' ([[United Malays National Organisation|'''UMNO''']])
|{{nowrap|'''Abdul Ghani Othman'''}} ([[United Malays National Organisation|'''UMNO''']])
|align="right" |'''16,789'''
|align="right" |'''16,789'''
|'''80.15%'''
|'''80.15%'''
|{{Party shading/PAS}} |
|{{Party shading/S46}} |
|Husni Md. Alip ([[Parti Melayu Semangat 46|S46]])
|Husni Md. Alip ([[Parti Melayu Semangat 46|S46]])
|align="right" |3,293
|align="right" |3,293
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===Honours of Malaysia===
===Honours of Malaysia===
* {{Flag|Malaysia}} :
* {{Flag|Malaysia}} :
**[[File:Order_of_Loyalty_to_the_Crown_of_Malaysia_-_PSM.svg|50px]] Commander of the [[Order of Loyalty to the Crown of Malaysia#Commander|Order of Loyalty to the Crown of Malaysia]] (PSM) – '''Tan Sri''' (2014)<ref name=":1">{{cite web|title=SEMAKAN PENERIMA DARJAH KEBESARAN, BINTANG DAN PINGAT|url=http://www.istiadat.gov.my/index.php/component/semakanlantikanskp/|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201017142036/http://www.istiadat.gov.my/index.php/component/semakanlantikanskp/|archive-date=17 October 2020|access-date=26 April 2021|publisher=[[Prime Minister's Department (Malaysia)]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|date=7 June 2014|title=IGP leads King's honours list|url=https://www.thestar.com.my/news/nation/2014/06/07/igp-leads-kings-honours-list-five-mca-leaders-among-recipients-of-tan-sri-award|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200128131200/https://www.thestar.com.my/news/nation/2014/06/07/igp-leads-kings-honours-list-five-mca-leaders-among-recipients-of-tan-sri-award|archive-date=28 January 2020|access-date=26 April 2021|website=[[The Star (Malaysia)|The Star]]}}</ref>
**[[File:Order of Loyalty to the Crown of Malaysia - PSM.svg|50px]] Commander of the [[Order of Loyalty to the Crown of Malaysia#Commander|Order of Loyalty to the Crown of Malaysia]] (PSM) – '''Tan Sri''' (2014)<ref name=":1">{{cite web|title=SEMAKAN PENERIMA DARJAH KEBESARAN, BINTANG DAN PINGAT|url=http://www.istiadat.gov.my/index.php/component/semakanlantikanskp/|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201017142036/http://www.istiadat.gov.my/index.php/component/semakanlantikanskp/|archive-date=17 October 2020|access-date=26 April 2021|publisher=[[Prime Minister's Department (Malaysia)]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|date=7 June 2014|title=IGP leads King's honours list|url=https://www.thestar.com.my/news/nation/2014/06/07/igp-leads-kings-honours-list-five-mca-leaders-among-recipients-of-tan-sri-award|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200128131200/https://www.thestar.com.my/news/nation/2014/06/07/igp-leads-kings-honours-list-five-mca-leaders-among-recipients-of-tan-sri-award|archive-date=28 January 2020|access-date=26 April 2021|website=[[The Star (Malaysia)|The Star]]}}</ref>
* {{Flag|Johor}} :
* {{Flag|Johor}} :
**[[File:Most_Honourable_Order_of_the_Crown_of_Johor_-_ribbon_bar.png|50px]] Companion of the [[Order of the Crown of Johor]] (SMJ) (1989)<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CaJUAAAAIBAJ&dq=johor+awards+list&pg=PA1&article_id=2798,1806942|title=Dr M Heads Johore Sultan's Awards|publisher=[[New Straits Times]]|date=8 April 1989}}</ref>
**[[File:Order of the Crown of Johor ribbon bar.svg|50px]] Companion of the [[Order of the Crown of Johor]] (SMJ) (1989)<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CaJUAAAAIBAJ&dq=johor+awards+list&pg=PA1&article_id=2798,1806942|title=Dr M Heads Johore Sultan's Awards|publisher=[[New Straits Times]]|date=8 April 1989}}</ref>
**[[File:Most Esteemed Royal Family Order of Johor - ribbon bar.svg|50px]] Second Class of the [[Royal Family Order of Johor]] (DK II) (1996)<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":0" />
**[[File:Most Esteemed Royal Family Order of Johor - ribbon bar.svg|50px]] Second Class of the [[Royal Family Order of Johor]] (DK II) (1996)<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":0" />
**[[File:Most_Honourable_Order_of_the_Crown_of_Johor_-_ribbon_bar.png|50px]] Knight Grand Commander of the [[Order of the Crown of Johor]] (SPMJ) – '''Dato'''' (2004)<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":11"></ref>
**[[File:Order of the Crown of Johor ribbon bar.svg|50px]] Knight Grand Commander of the [[Order of the Crown of Johor]] (SPMJ) – '''Dato'''' (2004)<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":11" />
**[[File:Sultan Ibrahim Coronation Medal ribbon.gif|50px]] First Class of the [[List of post-nominal letters (Johor)|Sultan Ibrahim Medal]] (PIS I) (2008)<ref>{{cite web|date=8 April 2008|title=Ghani to receive highest award in Johor|url=https://www.thestar.com.my/news/nation/2008/04/08/ghani-to-receive-highest-award-in-johor|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191228012008/https://www.thestar.com.my/news/nation/2008/04/08/ghani-to-receive-highest-award-in-johor|archive-date=28 December 2019|access-date=26 April 2021|website=[[The Star (Malaysia)|The Star]]}}</ref>
**[[File:Sultan Ibrahim Coronation Medal ribbon.gif|50px]] First Class of the [[List of post-nominal letters (Johor)|Sultan Ibrahim Medal]] (PIS I) (2008)<ref>{{cite web|date=8 April 2008|title=Ghani to receive highest award in Johor|url=https://www.thestar.com.my/news/nation/2008/04/08/ghani-to-receive-highest-award-in-johor|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191228012008/https://www.thestar.com.my/news/nation/2008/04/08/ghani-to-receive-highest-award-in-johor|archive-date=28 December 2019|access-date=26 April 2021|website=[[The Star (Malaysia)|The Star]]}}</ref>
**[[File:Most Esteemed Royal Family Order of Johor - ribbon bar.svg|50px]] First Class of the [[Royal Family Order of Johor]] (DK I) (2009)<ref>{{cite web|date=11 April 2009|title=Sultan of Johor Birthday's Honours List 2009|url=https://www.thestar.com.my/news/community/2009/04/11/sultan-of-johor-birthdays-honours-list-2009/|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190510073502/https://www.thestar.com.my/news/community/2009/04/11/sultan-of-johor-birthdays-honours-list-2009/|archive-date=10 May 2019|access-date=26 April 2021|website=[[The Star (Malaysia)|The Star]]}}</ref>
**[[File:Most Esteemed Royal Family Order of Johor - ribbon bar.svg|50px]] First Class of the [[Royal Family Order of Johor]] (DK I) (2009)<ref>{{cite web|date=11 April 2009|title=Sultan of Johor Birthday's Honours List 2009|url=https://www.thestar.com.my/news/community/2009/04/11/sultan-of-johor-birthdays-honours-list-2009/|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190510073502/https://www.thestar.com.my/news/community/2009/04/11/sultan-of-johor-birthdays-honours-list-2009/|archive-date=10 May 2019|access-date=26 April 2021|website=[[The Star (Malaysia)|The Star]]}}</ref>
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[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:People from Muar]]
[[Category:People from Muar]]
[[Category:People from Johor]]
[[Category:Malaysian politicians of Malay descent]]
[[Category:Malaysian people of Malay descent]]
[[Category:Malaysian Muslims]]
[[Category:Malaysian Muslims]]
[[Category:Malaysian expatriates in Australia]]
[[Category:Malaysian expatriates in Australia]]

Revision as of 18:03, 25 February 2024

In this Malay name, there is no surname or family name. The name Othman is a patronymic, and the person should be referred to by their given name, Abdul Ghani. The word "bin" or "binti"/"binte" means 'son of' or 'daughter of', respectively.
Yang Berbahagia Tan Sri Dato' Haji
Abdul Ghani Othman
DK I (Johor) DK II (Johor) PSM SPMJ SMJ PIS
عبدالغاني عثمان‎
14th Menteri Besar of Johor
In office
3 May 1995 – 14 May 2013
MonarchsIskandar
Ibrahim Ismail
Preceded byMuhyiddin Yassin
Succeeded byMohamed Khaled Nordin
ConstituencySerom
Minister of Youth and Sports
In office
1 December 1993 – 7 May 1995
MonarchsAzlan Shah
Ja'afar
DeputyTeng Gaik Kwan
Preceded byAnnuar Musa
Succeeded byMuhyiddin Yassin
ConstituencyLedang
Member of the Malaysian Parliament
for Ledang
In office
3 August 1986 – 24 April 1995
Preceded byNgah Abdul Rahman (UMNO-BN)
Succeeded byHashim Ismail (UMNO-BN)
Majority10,665 (1986)
7,547 (1990)
Member of the Johor State Legislative Assembly
for Serom
In office
25 April 1995 – 5 May 2013
Preceded byHashim Ismail (UMNO-BN)
Succeeded byAbd Razak Minhat (UMNO-BN)
Majority13,496 (1995)
8,248 (1999)
8,081 (2004)
4,971 (2008)
Personal details
Born
Abdul Ghani bin Othman

(1946-11-14) 14 November 1946 (age 77)
Sungai Mati, Tangkak (formerly part of Muar District), Johor, Malayan Union (now Malaysia)
CitizenshipMalaysian
Political partyUnited Malays National Organisation (UMNO)
Other political
affiliations		Barisan Nasional (BN)
Perikatan Nasional (PN)
Muafakat Nasional (MN)
SpouseJamilah Ariffin
Alma materLa Trobe University
University of Queensland
OccupationPolitician

Abdul Ghani bin Othman (Jawi: عبدالغاني بن عثمان; born 14 November 1946) served as the 14th Menteri Besar of Johor in Malaysia from 1995 to 2013. He is a member of the United Malays National Organisation (UMNO), a component party of Barisan Nasional (BN) coalition. He had held the political party position of Ledang Division Chairman, Johor State Liaison Chairman and national Supreme Council member in UMNO before. Currently, he serves as Chairman of Sime Darby Berhad, starting from 1 July 2013.[1]

Early life and education

He received his primary education at Tangkak Boys School (Sekolah Laki-Laki Tangkak) before entering Muar High School (Sekolah Tinggi Muar). Qualifying for a Colombo Plan scholarship, Abdul Ghani furthered his studies at La Trobe University in Melbourne, Australia. He graduated with a bachelor's degree in economics (Hons). Prior to returning to Malaysia, Abdul Ghani completed a master's degree in economics at the University of Queensland. Upon returning to his homeland, he joined the Economics Faculty of University Malaya (1974–1980) and within several years, was promoted to be the Dean of the School (1980–1984). In addition to that, he also served as Master of First College (Residential) for University of Malaya (1979 – 1984).[2]

Political career

Abdul Ghani's political career began when he was first appointed to be a Senator (December 1984 - July 1986). This was followed by his election to the Federal Parliament in 1986 general election for Ledang seat.

From May 1987 to November 1990, Abdul Ghani held the post of Deputy Minister for Energy, Telecommunication and Post. Subsequently, he was then given the portfolio of Deputy Minister of Finance from 1990 to 1993.

In December 1993, Abdul Ghani was promoted to become the Minister of Youth and Sports (1 December 1993 - March 1995). He immediately initiated a national youth program called 'Rakan Muda' (Young Friend), which helped mobilise Malaysian youths through healthy activities such as sports and cultural events.

Abdul Ghani won the Johor State Legislative Assembly seat of Serom in the 1995 general election. In March 1995, Abdul Ghani was appointed to become the Menteri Besar of Johor and has held that position for the next 17 years.

During the 2013 Malaysian general election however, he was defeated in an upset result by Democratic Action Party (DAP) advisor Lim Kit Siang in Gelang Patah, Johor and was replaced by Mohamed Khaled Nordin as Menteri Besar for Johor.

Controversy

Bangsa Malaysia

Ghani did not agree with the Bangsa Malaysia concept and alleging that Bangsa Malaysia was a "nebulous concept" which overstepped the bounds of the Constitution. "Even if the term Bangsa Malaysia is to be used, it must only be applied in the context of all the peoples of Malaysia with the Malays as the pivotal race," he said.[3]

Ghani insisted that those advocating Bangsa Malaysia were echoing Lee Kuan Yew's call for a Malaysian Malaysia made during the early 1960s when Singapore was a state in Malaysia, even though the campaign had been repudiated by the government.[4]

After the 2006 UMNO Annual General Assembly, Ghani elaborated that his opposition to Bangsa Malaysia and Malaysian Malaysia was because:

It is about everything being equal and this does not capture the hearts of Malaysians. Therefore, regardless of whatever name is given, the concept is similar and this is against idea kenegaraan (the idea of nationhood) which we have inherited.

Ghani defined his idea kenegaraan as "the idea that has united the Malays, and also the same idea that has given privileges to other races to be citizens, live together and share power and prosperity."[5]

Election results

Parliament of Malaysia[6][7][8]
Year Constituency Candidate Votes Pct Opponent(s) Votes Pct Ballots cast Majority Turnout
1986 P116 Ledang, Johor Abdul Ghani Othman (UMNO) 21,558 66.43% Lee Tiong King (DAP) 10,893 33.57% 33,679 10,665 71.39%
1990 Abdul Ghani Othman (UMNO) 21,802 60.47% Othman Tambi (S46) 14,255 39.53% 37,569 7,547 73.13%
2013 P162 Gelang Patah, Johor Abdul Ghani Othman (UMNO) 39,522 42.04% Lim Kit Siang (DAP) 54,284 57.74% 95,071 14,762 89.08%
Johor State Legislative Assembly[6][7]
Year Constituency Candidate Votes Pct Opponent(s) Votes Pct Ballots cast Majority Turnout
1995 N04 Serom Abdul Ghani Othman (UMNO) 16,789 80.15% Husni Md. Alip (S46) 3,293 15.72% 20,946 13,496 71.79%
1999 Abdul Ghani Othman (UMNO) 14,652 67.12% Abdullah Husin (PAS) 6,404 29.34% 21,830 8,248 71.75%
2004 N11 Serom Abdul Ghani Othman (UMNO) 11,276 75.99% Abu Bakar Tambi (PAS) 3,195 21.53% 14,838 8,081 73.08%
2008 Abdul Ghani Othman (UMNO) 10,088 64.63% Rusman Kemin (PAS) 5,117 32.78% 15,609 4,971 75.85%

Honours and awards

The Sultan of Johor awarded Abdul Ghani the Order of the Crown of Johor; Setia Mahkota Johor (SMJ) medal in 1989 and the Royal Family Order of Johor; Darjah Kerabat Johor Yang Amat Dihormati Pangkat Kedua (D.K. II) in 1996.[9] He was then conferred the Darjah Seri Paduka Mahkota Johor (SPMJ) in 2004, which carries the title Dato'.[10]

On 9 April 2009, Sultan Iskandar bestowed upon Abdul Ghani the highest award in the State of Johor, DK (I). It is very rare for a commoner to receive such an award, which is normally given to royals.

Honours of Malaysia

References

  1. ^ "Board of Directors". Archived from the original on 21 December 2014. Retrieved 27 December 2014.
  2. ^ "kk1.um.edu.my". Archived from the original on 21 April 2013. Retrieved 2013-04-30.
  3. ^ Nambiar, Ravi & Nadzmi, Siti Nurbaiyah (6 November 2006). "Ghani: Bangsa Malaysia is rojak and unacceptable" Archived 13 October 2007 at the Wayback Machine, p. 10. New Straits Times.
  4. ^ Nambiar, Ravi & Nadzmi, Siti Nurbaiyah (7 November 2006). "No Bangsa Malaysia in Constitution, says Najib", p. 6. New Straits Times.
  5. ^ Tan, Marsha (3 December 2006). Ghani on why people cannot accept concept. The Star.
  6. ^ a b "Keputusan Pilihan Raya Umum Parlimen/Dewan Undangan Negeri". Election Commission of Malaysia. Retrieved 27 May 2010. Percentage figures exclude informal votes. Independent and third party candidates not listed.
  7. ^ a b "Malaysia General Election". undiinfo Malaysian Election Data. Malaysiakini. Retrieved 4 February 2017. Results only available from the 2004 election.
  8. ^ "KEPUTUSAN PILIHAN RAYA UMUM 13". Sistem Pengurusan Maklumat Pilihan Raya Umum. Election Commission of Malaysia. Archived from the original on 14 March 2021. Retrieved 24 March 2017.Results only available for the 2013 election.
  9. ^ a b "Pengurniaan Darjah Kebesaran Bergelar Bagi Tahun 1996 Mengikut Negeri" (PDF). Prime Minister's Department (Malaysia). Archived (PDF) from the original on 5 February 2020. Retrieved 26 April 2021.
  10. ^ a b "Abdullah tops Johor Sultan's birthday list". The Star. 8 April 2004. Archived from the original on 10 May 2019. Retrieved 26 April 2021.
  11. ^ a b c "SEMAKAN PENERIMA DARJAH KEBESARAN, BINTANG DAN PINGAT". Prime Minister's Department (Malaysia). Archived from the original on 17 October 2020. Retrieved 26 April 2021.
  12. ^ "IGP leads King's honours list". The Star. 7 June 2014. Archived from the original on 28 January 2020. Retrieved 26 April 2021.
  13. ^ Dr M Heads Johore Sultan's Awards. New Straits Times. 8 April 1989.
  14. ^ "Ghani to receive highest award in Johor". The Star. 8 April 2008. Archived from the original on 28 December 2019. Retrieved 26 April 2021.
  15. ^ "Sultan of Johor Birthday's Honours List 2009". The Star. 11 April 2009. Archived from the original on 10 May 2019. Retrieved 26 April 2021.
Political offices
Preceded by Menteri Besar of Johor
3 May 1995 – 14 May 2013 		Succeeded by
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