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{{Short description|TV station in Louisville, Kentucky (1953–1954)}}
{{Infobox broadcast|
{{Infobox television station
call_letters = WKLO-TV|
city = |
| callsign = WKLO-TV
station_logo = |
| city =
station_slogan = |
| logo =
station_branding = |
| branding =
analog = 21 ([[UHF]])|
| analog = 21 ([[UHF]])
digital = |
| affiliations = Defunct
other_chs = |
| airdate = {{start date and age|1953|10|18}}
| last_airdate = {{end date and age|1954|4|20}} <br>({{age in years and months|1953|10|18|1954|4|20}})
⚫
subchannels = |
affiliations = [[dark (broadcasting)|silent]]|
| location = [[Louisville, Kentucky]]
founded = October 18, 1953 |
| callsign_meaning = Louisville
airdate = October 18, 1953
| owner = Mid-America Broadcasting Company
| enddate = April 20, 1954|
| licensee =
location = [[Louisville, Kentucky]] |
| sister_stations = [[WKJK|WKLO]]
⚫
| former_affiliations = [[DuMont Television Network|DuMont]], [[American Broadcasting Company|ABC]]
callsign_meaning = '''WK''' '''LO'''uisville|
former_callsigns = |
| erp =
⚫
| haat =
former_channel_numbers = |
owner = WKLO radio|
| class =
licensee = |
| facility_id =
⚫
| coordinates =
sister_stations = [[WKJK|WKLO]], [[WDJX|WKLO-FM]]|
⚫
| website =
⚫
former_affiliations = [[DuMont Television Network|DuMont]], [[American Broadcasting Company|ABC]] |
effective_radiated_power = |
erp_temporary = |
⚫
HAAT = |
⚫
class = |
facility_id = |
coordinates = |
homepage = |
}}
}}

'''WKLO-TV''' was a [[UHF]] [[television station]] in [[Louisville, Kentucky]] that operated from October 18, 1953 to April 20, 1954.
'''WKLO-TV''' was a [[UHF]] [[television station]] in [[Louisville, Kentucky]], United States, that operated from October 18, 1953, to April 20, 1954.


==History==
==History==
Radio station [[WKJK|WKLO]] had applied for a television station construction permit in 1947, shortly before the [[Federal Communications Commission]] (FCC) imposed a four-year freeze on the grant of new stations.<ref name="Cour510323">{{Cite news|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/94475532/fcc-proposes-changing-channels-for-st/|date=March 23, 1951|page=1|title=F.C.C. Proposes Changing Channels for Stations Here|newspaper=The Courier-Journal|location=Louisville, Kentucky|via=Newspapers.com|access-date=February 8, 2022}}</ref><!-- Fri --> The application specified channel 13, but when the freeze ended, Louisville wound up with just two VHF assignments, forcing WKLO to seek UHF channel 21 for its station.<ref name="Cour520610">{{Cite news|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/94475678/wklo-revises-tv-application/|date=June 10, 1952|page=17|title=WKLO Revises TV Application|newspaper=The Courier-Journal|location=Louisville, Kentucky|via=Newspapers.com|access-date=February 8, 2022}}</ref><!-- Tue --> WKLO's owner, the Mid-America Broadcasting Company, was approved for the permit on November 26, 1952.<ref name="Cour521127">{{Cite news|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/94475754/wklo-gets-right-to-build-third-louisvill/|date=November 27, 1952|page=1, [https://www.newspapers.com/clip/94475886/ 16]|first=Ed|last=Edstrom|title=WKLO Gets Right To Build Third Louisville TV Station|newspaper=The Courier-Journal|location=Louisville, Kentucky|via=Newspapers.com|access-date=February 8, 2022}}</ref><!-- Thu -->
WKLO-TV originally broadcast on channel 21 as an [[American Broadcasting Company|ABC]] and [[DuMont Television Network|DuMont]] affiliate,<ref>[http://www.dumonthistory.tv/a10.html The DuMont Television Network: Appendix Ten - A trail of bleached bones]</ref> using the personnel and facilities of [[WKJK|WKLO]] radio. Since very few television sets at that time could receive a UHF signal, WKLO-TV was at a disadvantage against the two existing [[VHF]] stations, [[WAVE-TV]] and [[WHAS-TV]]. The Louisville market has always been fairly large geographically, and UHF stations have never carried very far across large areas. This made advertisers reluctant to purchase commercial time on the station. Due to channel 21's signal issues, ABC allowed WAVE-TV and WHAS-TV to cherry-pick its stronger programming. Under the circumstances, channel 21 never had a profitable audience and suspended operations in 1953 after just six months on air.

After initially proposing a tower in downtown Louisville, WKLO opted to build instead at the Floyds Knobs site in [[New Albany, Indiana]], near a mast then being built by [[WAVE (TV)|WAVE-TV]].<ref name="Cour530204">{{Cite news|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/94475941/wklo-plans-video-tower-atop-knob-site-n/|date=February 4, 1953|page=2:2|title=WKLO Plans Video Tower Atop Knob: Site Near New Albany To Increase Range|newspaper=The Courier-Journal|location=Louisville, Kentucky|via=Newspapers.com|access-date=February 8, 2022}}</ref><!-- Wed --> Like the radio station, it was aligned with [[American Broadcasting Company|ABC]].<ref name="Cour530809">{{Cite news|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/94476102/wklo-tv-will-be-in-the-national-spotligh/|date=August 9, 1953|page=5:15|first=Bill|last=Ladd|title=WKLO-TV Will Be In The National Spotlight As It Bucks Competition Here Within A Month|newspaper=The Courier-Journal|location=Louisville, Kentucky|via=Newspapers.com|access-date=February 8, 2022}}</ref><!-- Sun --> Some [[DuMont Television Network]] programs were also seen.<ref name="Cour540421">{{Cite news|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/94478216/wklo-telecasts-go-off-air-indefinitely/|date=April 21, 1954|page=2:2|title=WKLO Telecasts Go Off Air Indefinitely|newspaper=The Courier-Journal|location=Louisville, Kentucky|via=Newspapers.com|access-date=February 8, 2022}}</ref><!-- Wed -->

The first test pattern went out on September 7, 1953,<ref name="Cour530908">{{Cite news|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/94477883/wklo-tv-goes-on-air-with-test-pattern/|date=September 8, 1953|page=2:1|title=WKLO-TV Goes on Air With Test Pattern|newspaper=The Courier-Journal|location=Louisville, Kentucky|via=Newspapers.com|access-date=February 8, 2022}}</ref><!-- Tue --> but the first programs were broadcast on October 18.<ref name="Cour531018">{{Cite news|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/94478009/third-louisville-television-station-wkl/|date=October 18, 1953|page=5:1|title=Third Louisville Television Station, WKLO-TV, Goes on Air This Afternoon|first=Bill|last=Ladd|newspaper=The Courier-Journal|location=Louisville, Kentucky|via=Newspapers.com|access-date=February 8, 2022}}</ref><!-- Sun -->

Channel 21 suffered from the third—and UHF—station in a two-VHF market with insufficient coverage and a poor conversion rate. Because not all televisions could receive UHF signals without converters or a tuning strip—and only some 70,000 to 80,000 sets had been converted out of a total of 330,000—few advertisers were willing to purchase commercial time.{{r|Cour540421}} As a result, WKLO-TV ceased broadcasting on April 20, 1954.{{r|Cour540421}} Mid-America Broadcasting retained the construction permit and began years of campaigning to get a third VHF channel moved to Louisville for its use, first appealing for channel 13 to be reassigned from [[Bowling Green, Kentucky|Bowling Green]] and possibly [[Indianapolis]].<ref name="Cour540708">{{Cite news|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/94478429/wklo-tv-asks-for-channel-13-instead-of-p/|date=July 8, 1954|page=2:2|title=WKLO-TV Asks for Channel 13 Instead of Present U.H.F. Spot|newspaper=The Courier-Journal|location=Louisville, Kentucky|via=Newspapers.com|access-date=February 8, 2022}}</ref><!-- Thu --> In 1956, Mid-America maneuvered to try and relocate channel 7 from [[Evansville, Indiana]], but it was unsuccessful in preventing [[WTVW]] from starting up there,<ref name="Cour560822">{{Cite news|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/94478593/wklo-tv-loses-evansville-gets-channel-7/|date=August 22, 1956|page=2:2|title=WKLO-TV Loses, Evansville Gets Channel 7 Permit|newspaper=The Courier-Journal|location=Louisville, Kentucky|via=Newspapers.com|access-date=February 8, 2022}}</ref><!-- Wed --> despite a favorable FCC ruling in 1958.<ref name="Cour581219">{{Cite news|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/94478730/channel-7-moves-step-nearer-here/|date=December 19, 1958|page=2:2|title=Channel 7 Moves Step Nearer Here|newspaper=The Courier-Journal|location=Louisville, Kentucky|via=Newspapers.com|access-date=February 8, 2022}}</ref><!-- Fri --> By this time, the call letters on the permit had changed from WKLO-TV to WEZI.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://worldradiohistory.com/Archive-BC/BC-1958/1958-03-03-BC.pdf|date=March 3, 1958|work=Broadcasting|title=Existing TV Stations: Call Letters Assigned|page=91|via=World Radio History}}</ref>

In 1964, the FCC asked Mid-America to activate WEZI again or risk losing the permit.<ref name="Cour641106">{{Cite news|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/52633719/channel-21-faces-loss-of-permit/|date=November 6, 1964|page=21|title=Channel 21 Faces Loss Of Permit|newspaper=The Courier-Journal|location=Louisville, Kentucky|via=Newspapers.com|access-date=February 8, 2022}}</ref><!-- Fri --> Mid-America sold the permit to South Central Broadcasting, which owned television station [[WVLT-TV|WTVK]] in [[Knoxville, Tennessee]], as well as radio stations in Evansville, in 1965.<ref name="Mess651013">{{Cite news|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/94478933/tv-station-sale-approved-by-cc/|date=October 13, 1965|page=1-B|agency=Associated Press|title=TV Station Sale Approved by CC|newspaper=Messenger-Inquirer|location=Owensboro, Kentucky|via=Newspapers.com|access-date=February 8, 2022}}</ref><!-- Wed --> With [[WLKY]] on the air since 1961 as Kentuckiana's third commercial station, South Central proposed to operate channel 21 as either an independent or an affiliate of a fourth network being considered.<ref name="Padu651014">{{Cite news|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/94479027/louisville-may-get-tv-station/|date=October 14, 1965|page=2-A|title=Louisville May Get TV Station|newspaper=The Paducah Sun|location=Paducah, Kentucky|via=Newspapers.com|access-date=February 8, 2022}}</ref><!-- Thu --> It also slated a {{convert|1766|ft|m|adj=on}} tower at Floyds Knobs, which the [[Federal Aviation Administration]] declined, citing an existing height limit of {{convert|1000|ft|m|sp=us}}.<ref name="Cour670309">{{Cite news|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/94479125/air-board-flying-club-in-substantial/|date=March 9, 1967|page=B1|title=Air Board, Flying Club In 'Substantial' Accord|newspaper=The Courier-Journal|location=Louisville, Kentucky|via=Newspapers.com|access-date=February 8, 2022}}</ref><!-- Thu --> However, WEZI was never rebuilt.


In 1977, [[WDRB]] (channel 41) proposed a move to channel 21. However, Word Broadcasting Network also filed for channel 21. In 1981, an administrative law judge denied the WDRB application and preferred the competing bid from the Word Broadcasting Network, only for the FCC review board to overturn the decision.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://worldradiohistory.com/Archive-BC/BC-1982/BC-1982-03-01.pdf|access-date=February 28, 2021|date=March 1, 1982|work=Broadcasting|page=114|title=In Contest}}</ref> However, when WDRB was sold in 1983, the new owners dropped the channel 21 proposal,<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/72350298/|work=The Courier-Journal|date=December 21, 1983|page=B3|first=Sheldon|last=Shafer|title=FCC issues license for new TV station|access-date=February 28, 2021}}</ref> which cleared the way for WBNA to begin in 1986.<ref name="Cour860403">{{Cite news|url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/94479592/christian-tv-station-in-kentucky-wbna/|date=April 3, 1986|page=B6|first=Bob|last=Cunningham|title=Christian TV station in Kentucky, WBNA, goes on the air at last|newspaper=The Courier-Journal|location=Louisville, Kentucky|via=Newspapers.com|access-date=February 8, 2022}}</ref><!-- Thu -->
On July 13, 1956 WKLO-TV asked the [[Federal Communications Commission]] (FCC) to allow it to use [[Very high frequency|VHF]] Channel 7, which at the time was reserved for [[WTVW]] in [[Evansville, Indiana]]-a VHF/UHF intermixed market with channels 7, 14 and (then) 50 assigned-now Ch. 25. WKLO-TV's request would have made Louisville's assignments channels 3, 7, and 11-all VHF, while Evansville
would have channels 14, 21 and either 25, 32 or 50 as the third-all UHF.
However, the FCC turned this request down, despite the FCC's "de-intermixture" market policies on VHF/UHF assignments.<ref>[http://bulk.resource.org/courts.gov/c/F2/262/262.F2d.702.13776.13777.14044.14046.14047.html 262 F.2d 702<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref> The transmitter site and tower were eventually used for [[WDJX|WKLO-FM]] in 1962.<ref>[http://1080wklo.proboards28.com/index.cgi?board=general&action=print&thread=1113396369 E-mail We've Received<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref> Although Louisville was big enough to support three full network affiliates, ABC would not get a full-time affiliate in Louisville until [[WLKY-TV]] signed on in September, 1961. WKLO-TV changed calls to WEZI and did not surrender its CP until 1972.<ref>http://www.dumonthistory.tv/a12.html</ref> Channel 21 was not used again in Louisville until 1985 when [[WBNA]] signed on.<ref>Encyclopedia of Louisville Page 127</ref>


==References==
==References==
Line 46: Line 46:
{{Louisville TV}}
{{Louisville TV}}


[[Category:Television stations in Kentucky]]
[[Category:Television stations in Louisville, Kentucky|KLO-TV]]
[[Category:Media in Louisville, Kentucky]]
[[Category:Defunct mass media in Louisville, Kentucky]]
[[Category:Defunct terrestrial television stations in the United States]]
[[Category:Defunct television stations in the United States]]
[[Category:Television channels and stations established in 1953]]
[[Category:1953 establishments in Kentucky]]
[[Category:Television channels and stations disestablished in 1954]]
[[Category:1954 disestablishments in Kentucky]]

Latest revision as of 23:51, 25 February 2024

WKLO-TV
Channels
Programmierung
AffiliationsDefunct
Ownership
OwnerMid-America Broadcasting Company
WKLO
History
First air date
October 18, 1953; 70 years ago (1953-10-18)
Last air date
April 20, 1954; 70 years ago (1954-04-20)
(6 months)
DuMont, ABC
Call sign meaning
Louisville

WKLO-TV was a UHF television station in Louisville, Kentucky, United States, that operated from October 18, 1953, to April 20, 1954.

History

[edit]

Radio station WKLO had applied for a television station construction permit in 1947, shortly before the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) imposed a four-year freeze on the grant of new stations.[1] The application specified channel 13, but when the freeze ended, Louisville wound up with just two VHF assignments, forcing WKLO to seek UHF channel 21 for its station.[2] WKLO's owner, the Mid-America Broadcasting Company, was approved for the permit on November 26, 1952.[3]

After initially proposing a tower in downtown Louisville, WKLO opted to build instead at the Floyds Knobs site in New Albany, Indiana, near a mast then being built by WAVE-TV.[4] Like the radio station, it was aligned with ABC.[5] Some DuMont Television Network programs were also seen.[6]

The first test pattern went out on September 7, 1953,[7] but the first programs were broadcast on October 18.[8]

Channel 21 suffered from the third—and UHF—station in a two-VHF market with insufficient coverage and a poor conversion rate. Because not all televisions could receive UHF signals without converters or a tuning strip—and only some 70,000 to 80,000 sets had been converted out of a total of 330,000—few advertisers were willing to purchase commercial time.[6] As a result, WKLO-TV ceased broadcasting on April 20, 1954.[6] Mid-America Broadcasting retained the construction permit and began years of campaigning to get a third VHF channel moved to Louisville for its use, first appealing for channel 13 to be reassigned from Bowling Green and possibly Indianapolis.[9] In 1956, Mid-America maneuvered to try and relocate channel 7 from Evansville, Indiana, but it was unsuccessful in preventing WTVW from starting up there,[10] despite a favorable FCC ruling in 1958.[11] By this time, the call letters on the permit had changed from WKLO-TV to WEZI.[12]

In 1964, the FCC asked Mid-America to activate WEZI again or risk losing the permit.[13] Mid-America sold the permit to South Central Broadcasting, which owned television station WTVK in Knoxville, Tennessee, as well as radio stations in Evansville, in 1965.[14] With WLKY on the air since 1961 as Kentuckiana's third commercial station, South Central proposed to operate channel 21 as either an independent or an affiliate of a fourth network being considered.[15] It also slated a 1,766-foot (538 m) tower at Floyds Knobs, which the Federal Aviation Administration declined, citing an existing height limit of 1,000 feet (300 m).[16] However, WEZI was never rebuilt.

In 1977, WDRB (channel 41) proposed a move to channel 21. However, Word Broadcasting Network also filed for channel 21. In 1981, an administrative law judge denied the WDRB application and preferred the competing bid from the Word Broadcasting Network, only for the FCC review board to overturn the decision.[17] However, when WDRB was sold in 1983, the new owners dropped the channel 21 proposal,[18] which cleared the way for WBNA to begin in 1986.[19]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "F.C.C. Proposes Changing Channels for Stations Here". The Courier-Journal. Louisville, Kentucky. March 23, 1951. p. 1. Retrieved February 8, 2022 – via Newspapers.com.
  2. ^ "WKLO Revises TV Application". The Courier-Journal. Louisville, Kentucky. June 10, 1952. p. 17. Retrieved February 8, 2022 – via Newspapers.com.
  3. ^ Edstrom, Ed (November 27, 1952). "WKLO Gets Right To Build Third Louisville TV Station". The Courier-Journal. Louisville, Kentucky. p. 1, 16. Retrieved February 8, 2022 – via Newspapers.com.
  4. ^ "WKLO Plans Video Tower Atop Knob: Site Near New Albany To Increase Range". The Courier-Journal. Louisville, Kentucky. February 4, 1953. p. 2:2. Retrieved February 8, 2022 – via Newspapers.com.
  5. ^ Ladd, Bill (August 9, 1953). "WKLO-TV Will Be In The National Spotlight As It Bucks Competition Here Within A Month". The Courier-Journal. Louisville, Kentucky. p. 5:15. Retrieved February 8, 2022 – via Newspapers.com.
  6. ^ a b c "WKLO Telecasts Go Off Air Indefinitely". The Courier-Journal. Louisville, Kentucky. April 21, 1954. p. 2:2. Retrieved February 8, 2022 – via Newspapers.com.
  7. ^ "WKLO-TV Goes on Air With Test Pattern". The Courier-Journal. Louisville, Kentucky. September 8, 1953. p. 2:1. Retrieved February 8, 2022 – via Newspapers.com.
  8. ^ Ladd, Bill (October 18, 1953). "Third Louisville Television Station, WKLO-TV, Goes on Air This Afternoon". The Courier-Journal. Louisville, Kentucky. p. 5:1. Retrieved February 8, 2022 – via Newspapers.com.
  9. ^ "WKLO-TV Asks for Channel 13 Instead of Present U.H.F. Spot". The Courier-Journal. Louisville, Kentucky. July 8, 1954. p. 2:2. Retrieved February 8, 2022 – via Newspapers.com.
  10. ^ "WKLO-TV Loses, Evansville Gets Channel 7 Permit". The Courier-Journal. Louisville, Kentucky. August 22, 1956. p. 2:2. Retrieved February 8, 2022 – via Newspapers.com.
  11. ^ "Channel 7 Moves Step Nearer Here". The Courier-Journal. Louisville, Kentucky. December 19, 1958. p. 2:2. Retrieved February 8, 2022 – via Newspapers.com.
  12. ^ "Existing TV Stations: Call Letters Assigned" (PDF). Broadcasting. March 3, 1958. p. 91 – via World Radio History.
  13. ^ "Channel 21 Faces Loss Of Permit". The Courier-Journal. Louisville, Kentucky. November 6, 1964. p. 21. Retrieved February 8, 2022 – via Newspapers.com.
  14. ^ "TV Station Sale Approved by CC". Messenger-Inquirer. Owensboro, Kentucky. Associated Press. October 13, 1965. p. 1-B. Retrieved February 8, 2022 – via Newspapers.com.
  15. ^ "Louisville May Get TV Station". The Paducah Sun. Paducah, Kentucky. October 14, 1965. p. 2-A. Retrieved February 8, 2022 – via Newspapers.com.
  16. ^ "Air Board, Flying Club In 'Substantial' Accord". The Courier-Journal. Louisville, Kentucky. March 9, 1967. p. B1. Retrieved February 8, 2022 – via Newspapers.com.
  17. ^ "In Contest" (PDF). Broadcasting. March 1, 1982. p. 114. Retrieved February 28, 2021.
  18. ^ Shafer, Sheldon (December 21, 1983). "FCC issues license for new TV station". The Courier-Journal. p. B3. Retrieved February 28, 2021.
  19. ^ Cunningham, Bob (April 3, 1986). "Christian TV station in Kentucky, WBNA, goes on the air at last". The Courier-Journal. Louisville, Kentucky. p. B6. Retrieved February 8, 2022 – via Newspapers.com.
[edit]
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