1668 in England: Difference between revisions

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Events from the year 1668 in England.

Incumbents

Monarch – Charles II

Events

17 January – George Villiers, 2nd Duke of Buckingham, fights a duel with Francis Talbot, 11th Earl of Shrewsbury (with whose wife he was having an affair) in which the latter is fatally wounded^[1] and a second is killed.
23 January – England signs the Triple Alliance with the Dutch Republic and Sweden.^[2]
13 February – Charles II mediates a peace treaty between Spain and Portugal.
13 April – John Dryden becomes Poet Laureate.^[3]
April (traditional date) – Actress Nell Gwyn becomes the King's mistress.^[4]
7 May – Queen Catherine miscarries.^[5]
May – The King's former mistress, Barbara Castlemaine, leaves the Court and is pensioned.^[5]
21 September – The British East India Company takes over Bombay under a Royal Charter of 27 March.
December – William Penn imprisoned for nearly 8 months in the Tower of London for writing a pamphlet attacking Trinitarian doctrine.^[2]

Undated

The Forest of Dean is re-established as a royal forest.
Isaac Newton builds the first reflecting telescope (Newton's reflector)^[6]
Richard Duckworth's Tintinnalogia, or, the Art of Ringing, the first work on change ringing, is compiled and published complete by Fabian Stedman in London.^[7]
George Villiers, 2nd Duke of Buckingham, probably originates the field sport of organised fox hunting in England with The Bilsdale Hunt in Yorkshire.
1668 or 1669 – James, Duke of York, the heir to the throne, secretly takes Eucharist in the Roman Catholic Church.

Births

November (baptised) – Thomas Woolston, deist (died 1733)
December (baptised) – Sarah Fyge Egerton, poet (died 1723)
John Eccles, composer (died 1735)
Approximate date
- Thomas Archer, baroque architect (died 1743)
- John Poulett, 1st Earl Poulett (died 1743)

Deaths

21 February – John Thurloe, Puritan spy (born 1616)
16 March – Francis Talbot, 11th Earl of Shrewsbury (born 1623)
7 April – Sir William Davenant, poet (born 1606)
19 September – Sir William Waller, English Civil War general (born c. 1635)
17 November – Joseph Alleine, English non–conformist preacher (born 1634)
probable date – Daniel Blagrave, Member of Parliament (born 1603)

References

^ "January 17th". Chambers' Book of Days. Archived from the original on 17 December 2007. Retrieved 2007-12-16.
^ ^a ^b Palmer, Alan; Palmer, Veronica (1992). The Chronology of British History. London: Century Ltd. pp. 190–191. ISBN 0-7126-5616-2.
^ Penguin Pocket On This Day. Penguin Reference Library. 2006. ISBN 0-14-102715-0.
^ Beauclerk, Charles (2005). Nell Gwyn: Mistress to a King. Atlantic Monthly Press. p. 128. ISBN 0-87113-926-X.
^ ^a ^b Uglow, Jenny (2010) [2009]. A Gambling Man. London: Faber. p. 458. ISBN 978-0-571-21734-2.
^ Hall, Rupert (11 April 1996). Isaac Newton: adventurer in thought. p. 67. ISBN 9780521566698.
^ Eisel, John C. (September 2014). "Stedman, Fabian (bap. 1640, d. 1713)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/68907. ISBN 9780198614111. Retrieved 2015-04-23. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)

[1] "January 17th". Chambers' Book of Days. Archived from the original on 17 December 2007. Retrieved 2007-12-16.

[CBH-2] Palmer, Alan; Palmer, Veronica (1992). The Chronology of British History. London: Century Ltd. pp. 190–191. ISBN 0-7126-5616-2.

[Pocket_On_This_Day-3] Penguin Pocket On This Day. Penguin Reference Library. 2006. ISBN 0-14-102715-0.

[4] Beauclerk, Charles (2005). Nell Gwyn: Mistress to a King. Atlantic Monthly Press. p. 128. ISBN 0-87113-926-X.

[Uglow-5] Uglow, Jenny (2010) [2009]. A Gambling Man. London: Faber. p. 458. ISBN 978-0-571-21734-2.

[6] Hall, Rupert (11 April 1996). Isaac Newton: adventurer in thought. p. 67. ISBN 9780521566698.

[7] Eisel, John C. (September 2014). "Stedman, Fabian (bap. 1640, d. 1713)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/68907. ISBN 9780198614111. Retrieved 2015-04-23. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)

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@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
+{{Year in England|1668}}
-{| class="infobox" width=350
+Events from the year '''[[1668]] in [[Kingdom of England|England]]'''.
-|-
-| align="center" | [[Image:Flag of England.svg|30px]] '''1668 in England:''' [[Image:Flag of England.svg|30px]]
-|- style="background-color:#f3f3f3"
-| align="center" | <small>''Other years''</small>
-|-
-| align="center"  | [[1666 in England|1666]] | [[1667 in England|1667]] | '''1668''' | [[1669 in England|1669]] | [[1670 in England|1670]]
-|}
-Events from the year 1668 which occurred in [[England]].
 ==Incumbents==
-*'''Monarch''' - [[Charles II of England|King Charles II]]
+* [[English monarch|Monarch]] – [[Charles II of England|Charles II]]
 ==Events==
+* 17 January – [[George Villiers, 2nd Duke of Buckingham]], fights a duel with [[Francis Talbot, 11th Earl of Shrewsbury]] (with whose wife he was having an affair) in which the latter is fatally wounded<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thebookofdays.com/months/jan/17.htm|title=January 17th|work=Chambers' Book of Days|access-date=2007-12-16|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20071217192953/http://www.thebookofdays.com/months/jan/17.htm|archive-date=17 December 2007<!--Added by DASHBot-->}}</ref> and a second is killed.
-* 28 January - England signs the [[Triple Alliance (1668)|Triple Alliance]] with the [[Dutch Republic|United Provinces]] and [[Sweden]].<ref name=CBH>{{cite book|last=Palmer|first=Alan|last2=Palmer|first2=Veronica|year=1992|title=The Chronology of British History|publisher=Century Ltd|location=London|pages=190–191|isbn=0-7126-5616-2}}</ref>
+* 23 January – England signs the [[Triple Alliance (1668)|Triple Alliance]] with the [[Dutch Republic]] and [[Sweden]].<ref name=CBH>{{cite book|last1=Palmer|first1=Alan|last2=Palmer|first2=Veronica|year=1992|title=The Chronology of British History|publisher=Century Ltd|location=London|pages=190–191|isbn=0-7126-5616-2}}</ref>
-* 17 January - [[George Villiers, 2nd Duke of Buckingham]] fights a duel with [[Francis Talbot, 11th Earl of Shrewsbury]] in which the Earl of Shrewsbury is fatally wounded.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thebookofdays.com/months/jan/17.htm|title=January 17th|work=Chambers' Book of Days|accessdate=2007-12-16| archiveurl= http://web.archive.org/web/20071217192953/http://www.thebookofdays.com/months/jan/17.htm| archivedate= 17 December 2007 <!--Added by DASHBot-->}}</ref>
-* 13 February - [[Charles II of England|Charles II]] mediates a peace treaty between [[Spain]] and [[Portugal]].
+* 13 February – Charles II mediates a peace treaty between [[Spain]] and [[Portugal]].
-* 13 April - [[John Dryden]] becomes [[Poet Laureate]].<ref name="Pocket On This Day">{{cite book|title=Penguin Pocket On This Day|publisher=Penguin Reference Library|isbn=0-14-102715-0|year=2006}}</ref>
+* 13 April – [[John Dryden]] becomes [[Poet Laureate]].<ref name="Pocket On This Day">{{cite book|title=Penguin Pocket On This Day|publisher=Penguin Reference Library|isbn=0-14-102715-0|year=2006}}</ref>
+* April (traditional date) – Actress [[Nell Gwyn]] becomes the King's mistress.<ref>{{cite book|last=Beauclerk|year=2005|first=Charles|author-link=Charles Beauclerk (author)|title=Nell Gwyn: Mistress to a King|publisher=Atlantic Monthly Press|isbn=0-87113-926-X|url-access=registration|url=https://archive.org/details/nellgwynmistress0000beau|page=128}}</ref>
+* 7 May – [[Catherine of Braganza|Queen Catherine]] [[Miscarriage|miscarries]].<ref name=Uglow>{{cite book|authorlink=Jenny Uglow|first=Jenny|last=Uglow|title=A Gambling Man|location=London|publisher=Faber|year=2010|orig-year=2009|isbn=978-0-571-21734-2|page=458}}</ref>
+* May – The King's former mistress, [[Barbara Palmer, 1st Duchess of Cleveland|Barbara Castlemaine]], leaves the Court and is pensioned.<ref name=Uglow/>
+* 21 September – The [[British East India Company]] takes over [[Mumbai|Bombay]] under a Royal Charter of 27 March.
+* December – [[William Penn]] imprisoned for nearly 8 months in the [[Tower of London]] for writing a pamphlet attacking [[Trinitarianism|Trinitarian]] doctrine.<ref name=CBH/>
 ===Undated===
-* The [[British East India Company]] takes over [[Mumbai|Bombay]]
+* The [[Forest of Dean]] is re-established as a [[royal forest]].
+* [[Isaac Newton]] builds the first [[reflecting telescope]] ([[Newton's reflector]])<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7R8LsvMcUioC&pg=PA67|title=Isaac Newton: adventurer in thought|author-link=Alfred Rupert Hall|first=Rupert|last=Hall|date=11 April 1996|page=67|isbn=9780521566698}}</ref>
-* [[William Penn]] imprisoned for writing a pamphlet attacking [[Trinitarianism|Trinitarian]] doctrine.<ref name=CBH/>
+* Richard Duckworth's ''Tintinnalogia, or, the Art of Ringing'', the first work on [[change ringing]], is compiled and published complete by [[Fabian Stedman]] in London.<ref>{{cite ODNB|first=John C.|last=Eisel|title=Stedman, Fabian (bap. 1640, d. 1713)|date=September 2014|url=http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/68907|access-date=2015-04-23|doi=10.1093/ref:odnb/68907|isbn=9780198614111}} </ref>
-* [[Sheldonian Theatre]] in [[Oxford]], designed by [[Christopher Wren]], is completed.
+* George Villiers, 2nd Duke of Buckingham, probably originates the field sport of organised [[fox hunting]] in England with The Bilsdale Hunt in Yorkshire.
-* 1668 or 1669 - [[James II of England|James, Duke of York]], the heir to the throne, secretly takes [[Eucharist]] in the [[Roman Catholic Church]].
+* 1668 or 1669 – [[James II of England|James, Duke of York]], the heir to the throne, secretly takes [[Eucharist]] in the [[Roman Catholic Church]].
 ==Births==
-* November (baptised) - [[Thomas Woolston]], deist (died [[1733 in Great Britain|1733]])
+* November (baptised) – [[Thomas Woolston]], deist (died 1733)
+* December (baptised) – [[Sarah Fyge Egerton]], poet (died 1723)
-* [[Thomas Archer]], baroque architect (died [[1743 in Great Britain|1743]])
-* [[John Eccles (composer)|John Eccles]], composer (died [[1735 in Great Britain|1735]])
+* [[John Eccles (composer)|John Eccles]], composer (died 1735)
+* Approximate date
+** [[Thomas Archer]], baroque architect (died 1743)
+** [[John Poulett, 1st Earl Poulett]] (died 1743)
 ==Deaths==
-* 21 February - [[John Thurloe]], Puritan spy (born [[1616 in England|1616]])
+* 21 February – [[John Thurloe]], Puritan spy (born 1616)
-* 16 March - [[Francis Talbot, 11th Earl of Shrewsbury]] (born [[1623 in England|1623]])
+* 16 March – [[Francis Talbot, 11th Earl of Shrewsbury]] (born 1623)
-* 7 April - Sir [[William Davenant]], poet (born [[1606 in England|1606]])
+* 7 April – Sir [[William Davenant]], poet (born 1606)
-* 19 September - Sir [[William Waller]], English Civil War general (born c. 1635)
+* 19 September – Sir [[William Waller]], English Civil War general (born c. 1635)
-* 17 November - [[Joseph Alleine]], English non-conformist preacher (born [[1634 in England|1634]])
+* 17 November – [[Joseph Alleine]], English non–conformist preacher (born 1634)
-* ''probable date'' - [[Daniel Blagrave]], Member of Parliament (born [[1603 in England|1603]])
+* ''probable date'' – [[Daniel Blagrave]], Member of Parliament (born 1603)
 ==References==
 {{Reflist}}
-==See also==
 {{England year nav}}
+{{Year in Europe|1668}}
 [[Category:1668 in England| ]]
-[[Category:1668 by country|England]]
 [[Category:Years of the 17th century in England]]

v t e 1668 in Europe
Sovereign states	Andorra Österreich Denmark–Norway Dänemark Norwegen England Frankreich Holy Roman Empire Ungarn Irland Malta Monaco Niederlande Ottoman Empire Papal States Portugal Prussia Russland San Marino Scotland Spanien Schweden Schweiz
Dependencies, colonies and other territories	Guernsey Isle of Man Jersey