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{{Short description|Japanese astrophysicist (1920–2010)}}
{{Infobox scientist
{{Infobox scientist
|name = Chūshirō Hayashi
| name = Chūshirō Hayashi
|image =
| image = Chushiro Hayashi.jpg
|birth_date = {{birth date|1920|07|25}}
| birth_date = {{birth date|1920|07|25}}
|birth_place =
| birth_place = Kyoto, Japan
|death_date = {{death date and age|2010|02|28|1920|07|25}}
| death_date = {{death date and age|2010|02|28|1920|07|25}}
|death_place = Kyoto, Japan
| death_place = Kyoto, Japan
|residence =
| residence =
|citizenship =
| citizenship =
|nationality = Japan
| nationality = Japanese
|ethnicity =
| ethnicity =
|field = [[astrophysics]]
| field = [[astrophysics]]
|work_institutions = [[Kyoto University]]
| work_institutions = [[Kyoto University]]
|alma_mater = [[University of Tokyo]]
| alma_mater = [[University of Tokyo]]
|doctoral_advisor =
| doctoral_advisor = [[Hideki Yukawa]]
|doctoral_students =
| doctoral_students = [[Katsuhiko Sato (physicist)|Katsuhiko Sato]]
|known_for =
| known_for =
⚫
| prizes = [[Eddington Medal]] in 1970<br/>[[Kyoto Prize]] in 1995<br/>[[Bruce Medal]] in 2004
|influences = [[Hideki Yukawa]]
|influenced =
| religion =
⚫
|prizes = [[Eddington Medal]] in 1970<br/>[[Kyoto Prize]] in 1995<br/>[[Bruce Medal]] in 2004
|religion =
}}
}}
{{Nihongo|'''Chushiro Hayashi'''|林 忠四郎|Hayashi Chūshirō|July 25, 1920 – February 28, 2010}} was a Japanese [[astrophysicist]]. [[Hayashi track]]s on the [[Hertzsprung–Russell diagram]] are named after him.
{{Nihongo|'''Chushiro Hayashi'''|林 忠四郎|Hayashi Chūshirō|July 25, 1920 – February 28, 2010}} was a Japanese [[astrophysicist]]. [[Hayashi track]]s on the [[Hertzsprung–Russell diagram]] are named after him.


Hayashi was born in [[Kyoto]] and enrolled at the [[University of Tokyo|Imperial University of Tokyo]] in 1940, earning his BSc in [[Physics]] after 2½ years, in 1942. He was conscripted into the navy<ref name="baas">{{Citation | last1 = Nakagawa | first1 = Y. | title = Obituary: Chushiro Hayashi (1920-2010) | journal = Bulletin of the American Astronomical Society | year = 2011 | volume = 43 | pages = 014| bibcode = 2011BAAS...43..014N|doi = 10.3847/BAASOBIT2011014 | doi-access = free }}</ref> and, after the war ended, joined the group of [[Hideki Yukawa]] at [[Kyoto University]]. He was appointed a professor at Kyoto University in 1957.<ref name="baas" />
He earned his B.Sc in [[physics]] at the [[University of Tokyo|Imperial University of Tokyo]] in 1942. He then worked as a research associate under [[Hideki Yukawa]] at [[Kyoto University]]. He made additions to the big bang nucleosynthesis model that built upon the work of the classic [[Alpher–Bethe–Gamow paper]].<ref>

He made additions to the [[Big Bang]] [[nucleosynthesis|nucleosynthesis model]] that built upon the work of the classic [[Alpher–Bethe–Gamow paper]].<ref>
{{cite journal
{{cite journal
| last = Hayashi | first = C.
| last = Hayashi | first = Chushiro
| year = 1961
| year = 1961
| volume = 5 | issue = 2 | pages = 224–235
| volume = 5 | issue = 2 | pages = 224–235
| title = Proton-neutron concentration ratio in the expanding Universe at the stages preceding the formation of the elements
| title = Proton-neutron concentration ratio in the expanding Universe at the stages preceding the formation of the elements
| journal = [[Progress of Theoretical Physics]]
| journal = [[Progress of Theoretical Physics]]
| bibcode =
| doi = 10.1143/PTP.5.224
| doi = 10.1143/PTP.5.224
| doi-access = free
}}</ref>
}}</ref>
Probably his most famous work was the astrophysical calculations that led to the [[Hayashi track]]s of star formation,<ref>
Probably his most famous work was the astrophysical calculations that led to the [[Hayashi track]]s of star formation,<ref>
{{cite journal
{{cite journal
| last = Hayashi | first = C.
| last = Hayashi | first = Chushiro
| year = 1961
| year = 1961
| title = Stellar evolution in early phases of gravitational contraction
| title = Stellar evolution in early phases of gravitational contraction
| journal = [[Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan]]
| journal = [[Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan]]
| volume = 13 |issue= | pages = 450–452
| volume = 13 | pages = 450–452
| bibcode=1961PASJ...13..450H
| bibcode=1961PASJ...13..450H
| doi=
}}</ref> and the [[Hayashi limit]] that puts a limit on star radius.
}}</ref> and the [[Hayashi limit]] that puts a limit on star radius.
He was also involved in the early study of [[Brown dwarf]]s, some of the smallest stars formed.<ref>
He was also involved in the early study of [[brown dwarf]]s, some of the smallest stars formed.<ref>
{{Cite journal
{{Cite journal
| last = Hayashi | first = C.
| last1 = Hayashi | first1 = Chushiro
| last2= Nakano |first2= T.
| last2= Nakano |first2= T.
| year = 1963
| year = 1963
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| bibcode = 1963PThPh..30..460H
| bibcode = 1963PThPh..30..460H
| doi = 10.1143/PTP.30.460
| doi = 10.1143/PTP.30.460
| doi-access = free
}}</ref>
}}</ref>
He retired in 1984.


⚫
He retired in 1984 and died from [[pneumonia]] at a Kyoto hospital on February 28, 2010.<ref>
He won the [[Eddington Medal]] in 1970, the [[Kyoto Prize]] in 1995, and the [[Bruce Medal]] in 2004.

⚫
Chushiro Hayashi died from [[pneumonia]] at a Kyoto hospital on February 28, 2010.<ref>
{{Cite journal
{{Cite journal
| last = Sugimoto | first = D.
| last = Sugimoto | first = Daiichiro
| year = 2010
| year = 2010
| title = Chushiro Hayashi 1920–2010
| title = Chushiro Hayashi 1920–2010
| journal = [[Astronomy & Geophysics]]
| journal = [[Astronomy & Geophysics]]
| volume = 51 | issue = 3 | pages = 3.36
| volume = 51 | issue = 3 | pages = 3.36
| arxiv =
| bibcode = 2010A&G....51c..36S
| bibcode = 2010A&G....51c..36S
| doi = 10.1111/j.1468-4004.2010.51336.x
| doi = 10.1111/j.1468-4004.2010.51336.x
| doi-access = free
}}</ref><ref name=kyoto>
}}</ref><ref name=kyoto>
{{Cite web
{{Cite web
|date=March 1, 2010
|date = March 1, 2010
|title=Award-winning Japanese astrophysicist Hayashi dies at 89
|title = Award-winning Japanese astrophysicist Hayashi dies at 89
|url=http://www.japantoday.com/category/national/view/award-winning-japanese-astrophysicist-hayashi-dies-at-89
|url = http://www.japantoday.com/category/national/view/award-winning-japanese-astrophysicist-hayashi-dies-at-89
|publisher=[[Kyodo News]]
|publisher = [[Kyodo News]]
|accessdate=March 1, 2010
|access-date = March 1, 2010
}}{{dead link|date=November 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>
}}</ref>

==Awards and honours==
{{columns-list|
* 1965 [[Asahi Prize]]
* 1970 [[Eddington Medal]]
* 1971 [[Imperial Prize of the Japan Academy]]<ref>Japan Academy, [http://www.japan-acad.go.jp/en/activities/jyusho/061to070.html#anker001 61st-70th]; retrieved 2011-08-15</ref>
* 1994 [[Order of the Sacred Treasure]], First Class<ref name="baas" />
* 1995 [[Kyoto Prize]]
* 2004 [[Bruce Medal]]
* Asteroid [[12141 Chushayashi]] is named after him.
⚫
}}


==References==
==References==
Line 81: Line 90:


==External links==
==External links==
* [http://www.inamori-f.or.jp/laureates/k11_b_chushiro/prf_e.html Kyoto Prize biography page]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20100130094411/http://www.inamori-f.or.jp/laureates/k11_b_chushiro/prf_e.html Kyoto Prize biography page]
* [http://www.phys-astro.sonoma.edu/BruceMedalists/Hayashi/index.html Bruce Medal page]
* [http://www.phys-astro.sonoma.edu/BruceMedalists/Hayashi/index.html Bruce Medal page]


{{Authority control|VIAF=108402644}}
{{Authority control}}


{{Persondata <!-- Metadata: see [[Wikipedia:Persondata]]. -->
| NAME = Hayashi, Chushiro
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES =
| SHORT DESCRIPTION = Japanese astrophysicist
| DATE OF BIRTH = July 25, 1920
| PLACE OF BIRTH =
| DATE OF DEATH = February 28, 2010
| PLACE OF DEATH = Kyoto, Japan
⚫
}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Hayashi, Chushiro}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Hayashi, Chushiro}}
[[Category:1920 births]]
[[Category:1920 births]]
[[Category:2010 deaths]]
[[Category:2010 deaths]]
[[Category:Japanese astronomers]]
[[Category:20th-century Japanese astronomers]]
[[Category:Japanese astrophysicists]]
[[Category:Japanese astrophysicists]]
[[Category:Kyoto University faculty]]
[[Category:Kyoto laureates in Basic Sciences]]
[[Category:Academic staff of Kyoto University]]
[[Category:University of Tokyo alumni]]
[[Category:University of Tokyo alumni]]
[[Category:Kyoto University alumni]]
[[Category:Kyoto University alumni]]
[[Category:Members of the United States National Academy of Sciences]]
[[Category:Foreign associates of the National Academy of Sciences]]
[[Category:Deaths from pneumonia]]
[[Category:Deaths from pneumonia in Japan]]
[[Category:Infectious disease deaths in Japan]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Order of Culture]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Order of Culture]]
[[Category:Laureates of the Imperial Prize]]
[[Category:Laureates of the Imperial Prize]]

Latest revision as of 17:51, 13 March 2024

Chūshirō Hayashi
Born(1920-07-25)July 25, 1920
Kyoto, Japan
DiedFebruary 28, 2010(2010-02-28) (aged 89)
Kyoto, Japan
NationalityJapanese
Alma materUniversity of Tokyo
AwardsEddington Medal in 1970
Kyoto Prize in 1995
Bruce Medal in 2004
Scientific career
Fieldsastrophysics
InstitutionsKyoto University
Doctoral advisorHideki Yukawa
Doctoral studentsKatsuhiko Sato

Chushiro Hayashi (林 忠四郎, Hayashi Chūshirō, July 25, 1920 – February 28, 2010) was a Japanese astrophysicist. Hayashi tracks on the Hertzsprung–Russell diagram are named after him.

Hayashi was born in Kyoto and enrolled at the Imperial University of Tokyo in 1940, earning his BSc in Physics after 2½ years, in 1942. He was conscripted into the navy[1] and, after the war ended, joined the group of Hideki Yukawa at Kyoto University. He was appointed a professor at Kyoto University in 1957.[1]

He made additions to the Big Bang nucleosynthesis model that built upon the work of the classic Alpher–Bethe–Gamow paper.[2] Probably his most famous work was the astrophysical calculations that led to the Hayashi tracks of star formation,[3] and the Hayashi limit that puts a limit on star radius. He was also involved in the early study of brown dwarfs, some of the smallest stars formed.[4]

He retired in 1984 and died from pneumonia at a Kyoto hospital on February 28, 2010.[5][6]

Awards and honours

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b c Nakagawa, Y. (2011), "Obituary: Chushiro Hayashi (1920-2010)", Bulletin of the American Astronomical Society, 43: 014, Bibcode:2011BAAS...43..014N, doi:10.3847/BAASOBIT2011014
  2. ^ Hayashi, Chushiro (1961). "Proton-neutron concentration ratio in the expanding Universe at the stages preceding the formation of the elements". Progress of Theoretical Physics. 5 (2): 224–235. doi:10.1143/PTP.5.224.
  3. ^ Hayashi, Chushiro (1961). "Stellar evolution in early phases of gravitational contraction". Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan. 13: 450–452. Bibcode:1961PASJ...13..450H.
  4. ^ Hayashi, Chushiro; Nakano, T. (1963). "Evolution of Stars of Small Masses in the Pre-Main-Sequence Stages". Progress of Theoretical Physics. 30 (4): 460–474. Bibcode:1963PThPh..30..460H. doi:10.1143/PTP.30.460.
  5. ^ Sugimoto, Daiichiro (2010). "Chushiro Hayashi 1920–2010". Astronomy & Geophysics. 51 (3): 3.36. Bibcode:2010A&G....51c..36S. doi:10.1111/j.1468-4004.2010.51336.x.
  6. ^ "Award-winning Japanese astrophysicist Hayashi dies at 89". Kyodo News. March 1, 2010. Retrieved March 1, 2010.[permanent dead link]
  7. ^ Japan Academy, 61st-70th; retrieved 2011-08-15
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