Garrwa language: Difference between revisions
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{{ |
{{short description|Australian Aboriginal language}} |
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{{distinguish|Jarawa language (disambiguation)}} |
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{{Use dmy dates|date= |
{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2023}} |
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{{use Australian English|date=March 2021}} |
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{{Infobox language |
{{Infobox language |
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|name= |
|name=Garrwa |
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|region=[[Northern Territory]], Australia |
|region=[[Northern Territory]], Australia |
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|ethnicity=[[Garrwa people|Garrwa]] |
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|speakers = |
|speakers = {{sigfig|147|2}} |
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|date= |
|date=2021 census |
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|ref=aiatsis |
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|ref=<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.abs.gov.au/statistics/people/people-and-communities/cultural-diversity-census/2021/|title=Cultural diversity: Census|author=Australian Bureau of Statistics|date=2021}}</ref> |
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|familycolor=Australian |
|familycolor=Australian |
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|fam1= [[Garrwan languages|Garrwan]] |
|fam1= [[Garrwan languages|Garrwan]] |
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|iso3=wrk |
|iso3=wrk |
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|glotto=gara1269 |
|glotto=gara1269 |
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|glottorefname= |
|glottorefname=Garrwa |
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|aiatsis=N155 |
|aiatsis=N155 |
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|notice=IPA |
|notice=IPA |
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}} |
}} |
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''' |
'''Garrwa''', also spelt '''Garawa''', '''Gaarwa''', or '''Karawa''' and also known as '''Leearrawa''', is an [[Australian Aboriginal languages|Australian Aboriginal language]] spoken by the [[Garrwa people]] of a northern region of the [[Northern Territory]] of Australia. |
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==Phonology== |
==Phonology== |
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|- |
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! [[High vowel|High]] |
! [[High vowel|High]] |
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| {{IPA|i}} |
| {{IPA link|i}} |
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| {{IPA|u}} |
| {{IPA link|u}} |
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|- |
|- |
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! [[Low vowel|Low]] |
! [[Low vowel|Low]] |
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|colspan="2"| {{IPA|a}} |
|colspan="2"| {{IPA link|a}} |
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|} |
|} |
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|- |
|- |
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! [[Stop consonant|Stop]] |
! [[Stop consonant|Stop]] |
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| {{IPA|p}} |
| {{IPA link|p}} |
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| {{IPA|k}} |
| {{IPA link|k}} |
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| {{IPA|k̟}} |
| {{IPA link|k̟}} |
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| {{IPA|c}} |
| {{IPA link|c}} |
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| {{IPA|t}} |
| {{IPA link|t}} |
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| {{IPA|ʈ}} |
| {{IPA link|ʈ}} |
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|- |
|- |
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! [[Nasal stop|Nasal]] |
! [[Nasal stop|Nasal]] |
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| {{IPA|m}} |
| {{IPA link|m}} |
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| {{IPA|ŋ}} |
| {{IPA link|ŋ}} |
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| {{IPA|ŋ̟}} |
| {{IPA link|ŋ̟}} |
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| {{IPA|ɲ}} |
| {{IPA link|ɲ}} |
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| {{IPA|n}} |
| {{IPA link|n}} |
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| {{IPA|ɳ}} |
| {{IPA link|ɳ}} |
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|- |
|- |
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! [[Lateral consonant|Lateral]] |
! [[Lateral consonant|Lateral]] |
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| |
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| |
| |
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| {{IPA|ʎ}} |
| {{IPA link|ʎ}} |
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| {{IPA|l}} |
| {{IPA link|l}} |
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| {{IPA|ɭ}} |
| {{IPA link|ɭ}} |
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|- |
|- |
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! [[Rhotic consonant|Rhotic]] |
! [[Rhotic consonant|Rhotic]] |
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| |
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| |
| |
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| {{IPA|r}} |
| {{IPA link|r}} |
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| {{IPA|ɻ}} |
| {{IPA link|ɻ}} |
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|- |
|- |
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! [[Semivowel]] |
! [[Semivowel]] |
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|colspan="2"| {{IPA|w}} |
|colspan="2"| {{IPA link|w}} |
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| |
| |
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| {{IPA|j}} |
| {{IPA link|j}} |
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| |
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==External links== |
==External links== |
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*[http://emsah.uq.edu.au/linguistics/austlang/garrwa/ Garawa: Australian Aboriginal Language Data from the UQ Flint Archive] |
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20120411021628/http://emsah.uq.edu.au/linguistics/austlang/garrwa/ Garawa: Australian Aboriginal Language Data from the UQ Flint Archive] |
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{{Languages of Australia}} |
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{{Pama–Nyungan languages|Macro}} |
{{Pama–Nyungan languages|Macro}} |
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{{Australian Aboriginal languages}} |
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[[Category:Garawan languages]] |
[[Category:Garawan languages]] |
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[[Category:Extinct languages of Australia]] |
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Latest revision as of 05:55, 17 March 2024
| Garrwa | |
|---|---|
| Region | Northern Territory, Australia |
| Ethnicity | Garrwa |
Native speakers | 150 (2021 census)[1] |
Garrwan
| |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | wrk |
| Glottolog | gara1269 |
| AIATSIS[2] | N155 |
| ELP | Garrwa |
Garrwa, also spelt Garawa, Gaarwa, or Karawa and also known as Leearrawa, is an Australian Aboriginal language spoken by the Garrwa people of a northern region of the Northern Territory of Australia.
Phonology
[edit]Vowels
[edit]| Front | Zurück | |
|---|---|---|
| Hoch | i | u |
| Niedrig | a | |
Consonants
[edit]| Peripheral | Laminal | Apical | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bilabial | Velar | Palatal | Alveolo- palatal |
Alveolar | Retroflex | |
| Stop | p | k | k̟ | c | t | ʈ |
| Nasal | m | ŋ | ŋ̟ | ɲ | n | ɳ |
| Lateral | ʎ | l | ɭ | |||
| Rhotic | r | ɻ | ||||
| Semivowel | w | j | ||||
References
[edit]- ^ Australian Bureau of Statistics (2021). "Cultural diversity: Census".
- ^ N155 Garrwa at the Australian Indigenous Languages Database, Australian Institute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Studies
- Belfrage, H. (1992). Aspects of verb and pronoun morphology, semantics and syntax in Garrwa. BA honours sub-thesis. University of Melbourne.
- Furby, Christine E. (1972). "The pronominal system of Garawa". Oceanic Linguistics. 11 (1). University of Hawai'i Press: 1–31. doi:10.2307/3622731. JSTOR 3622731.
- Furby, Edward S.; Furby, Christine E. (1977). A preliminary analysis of Garawa phrases and clauses. Canberra: Pacific Linguistics. Series B, no. 42.
- Mushin, Ilana. 2012. A grammar of Garrwa. Berlin: de Gruyter.