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{{Short description|American judge}}
<!-- This article was automatically created by [[User:polbot]] from http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=B000247. The prose may be stilted, and there may be grammatical and Wikification errors. Please improve in any way you see fit. -->'''William Van Ness Bay''' (November 23, 1818 – February 10, 1894) was a [[United States House of Representatives|U.S. Representative]] from [[Missouri]].
{{Infobox officeholder
|name=William Van Ness Bay
|image=
|state1=Missouri
|office1 = [[List of judges of the Supreme Court of Missouri|Judge]] of the [[Supreme Court of Missouri]]
|term_start1=January 1862
|term_end1=June 1865
|alongside1=[[Barton Bates]]<br/>John D. S. Dryden
|predecessor1=[[William Scott (Missouri judge)|William Scott]]<br/>[[William Barclay Napton]]<br/>[[Ephraim Brevard Ewing]]
|successor1=[[David Wagner (judge)|David Wagner]]<br/>Walter L. Lovelace<br/>Nathaniel Holmes
⚫
|office2=Member of the [[United States House of Representatives]] from [[Missouri's 2nd congressional district]]
|term_start2=March 4, 1849
|term_end2=March 3, 1851
|preceded2=[[John Jameson (politician)|John Jameson]]
|succeeded2=[[Gilchrist Porter]]
|office3=Member of the [[Missouri House of Representatives]] from [[Franklin County, Missouri|Franklin County]]
|term_start3=November 21, 1842
|term_end3=December 25, 1848
|alongside3=William Brown (1842)<br/>Franklin P. Chiles (1844)
|predecessor3=F. R. Chiles, W. D. Hurt
|successor3=C. B. Hinton
|birth_date={{birth date|1818|11|23}}
|birth_place=[[Hudson, New York]], U.S.
|death_date={{death date and age|1894|02|10|1818|11|23}}
|death_place=[[Eureka, Missouri]], U.S.
⚫
|resting_place=Oak Hill Cemetery, [[Kirkwood, Missouri]]
|party=[[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic]]
|spouse=Maria Elizabeth Duncan
|children=6
|relations=[[Samuel M. Bay]] (brother)<br/>[[Elihu H. Bay]] (great-uncle)
|profession=Attorney
}}


'''William Van Ness Bay''' (November 23, 1818 – February 10, 1894) was an American attorney and judge from [[Missouri]]. He was most notable for serving as [[United States House of Representatives|U.S. Representative]] from [[Missouri]] from 1849 to 1851, and a judge of the [[Supreme Court of Missouri]] from 1862 to 1865.
Born in [[Hudson, New York]], Bay attended the public schools there. Following his primary education, Bay studied law and was admitted to the bar. He moved to [[Union, Missouri]], in 1836 and commenced the practice of law. He served as member of the State house of representatives in 1844–1848.


==Early life==
Bay was elected as a [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democrat]] to the Thirty-first Congress (March 4, 1849 – March 3, 1851). After his term ended, he resumed the practice of law.
Bay was born in [[Hudson, New York]] on November 23, 1818, a son of Thomas Bay and Harriet (Mansfield) Bay.<ref name="Lawson">{{cite book |last=Lawson |first=John Davison |date=1918 |title=American State Trials |volume=10 |url=https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=hvd.hl54yj&view=2up&seq=38 |location=St. Louis, MO |publisher=F. H. Thomas Law Book Co. |pages=6–7 |via=[[HathiTrust]]}}</ref> His grandfather John Bay and father were also prominent attorneys.<ref name="Lawson"/><ref name="Miller">{{cite book |last=Miller |first=Peyton F. |date=1904 |title=A Group of Great Lawyers of Columbia County, New York |url=https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=hvd.32044031770472&view=2up&seq=82 |location=New York, NY |publisher=The De Vinne Press |pages=58–60 |ref=[[HathiTrust]]}}</ref> Among the prospective lawyers who studied under John Bay were [[Ambrose Spencer]], who later practiced law in partnership with him, and [[William W. Van Ness]].<ref name="Miller"/> Bay's great-uncle, [[Elihu H. Bay]], was a justice of the [[South Carolina Supreme Court]] and declined an appointment to the [[United States Supreme Court]].<ref name="Lawson"/> Bay's brother, [[Samuel M. Bay]], was a prominent attorney in Missouri and served as counsel for [[Dred Scott]] in the 1847 ''[[Dred Scott v. Sandford#Dred Scott and John Emerson|Scott v. Emerson]]'' case.<ref name="Lawson"/>


==Career==
He was appointed judge of the State Supreme Court in 1862. Bay was elected to the position in 1863 and served until removed by Governor Fletcher in 1865.
William Bay was educated in [[Columbia County, New York]] and moved to Missouri in 1835.<ref name="Lawson"/> He [[reading law|studied law]] under the tutelage of his brother Samuel and was [[Admission to the bar in the United States|admitted to the bar]] in 1837.<ref name="Lawson"/> He settled in [[Union, Missouri]], where he commenced the practice of law.<ref name="Orf">{{cite web |url=https://www.courts.mo.gov/page.jsp?id=120132 |title=Biography, Judge William Van Ness Bay |last=Orf |first=Matt |date=2017 |website=Courts.mo.gov |publisher=Office of the State Courts Administrator |location=Jefferson City, MO |access-date=February 18, 2020}}</ref> A [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democrat]], in 1842 he was elected to represent the two-member [[Franklin County, Missouri|Franklin County]] district in the [[Missouri House of Representatives]]. In 1844, he was reelected in the two-member district. In 1846, he was reelected in what was then a single-member Franklin County district, and he served from November 1842 to December 1848.<ref name="Orf"/>
He moved to St. Louis, Missouri, and again resumed the practice of law.

He retired in 1886 and moved to [[Eureka, Missouri]], where he died February 10, 1894.
In 1848, Bay was elected to represent Missouri's 2nd Congressional District in the [[35th United States Congress|35th Congress]].<ref name="Lawson"/> He served one term, March 4, 1849 to March 3, 1851 and was not a candidate for reelection in 1850.<ref name="Lawson"/> In his only House speech, Bay called for the admission of [[California]] to the Union as a free state as part of the [[Compromise of 1850]], condemned the presidential administration of [[Millard Fillmore]], a [[Whig Party (United States)|Whig]], for carrying out unpopular parts of the compromise including the [[Fugitive Slave Act of 1850]], and pleaded with northern abolitionists not to do anything on the slavery question that would be perceived as aggressive by southern slaveholders.<ref name="Lawson"/> After leaving Congress, Bay resumed the practice of law. In 1854, he moved to [[St. Louis]].<ref name="Lawson"/>
⚫
He was interred in Oak Hill Cemetery, Kirkwood, St. Louis County, Missouri.

Bay was appointed a judge of the [[Supreme Court of Missouri]] in 1862 when the incumbent Supreme Court judges were removed after refusing to swear loyalty oaths to the [[Union (American Civil War)|Union]] during the [[American Civil War]]. He won election to the position in 1863<ref name="Lawson"/> and served until June 1865, when he was removed by Governor [[Thomas Clement Fletcher]], in keeping with a post-[[American Civil War|Civil War]] amendment to the state constitution which vacated all judgeships that had been filled during the war.<ref name="Lawson"/><ref name="Orf"/>

==Later life==
After leaving the bench, Bay continued to practice law in St. Louis.<ref name="Lawson"/> In 1878, he authored a historical work, ''Reminiscences of the Bench and Bar of Missouri'', which contained short biographies of Missouri's prominent attorneys, judges, and political figures.<ref name="Orf"/>

==Retirement and death==
Bay retired in 1886 and moved to [[Eureka, Missouri]] to live with his daughter.<ref name="Lawson"/> He died in Eureka on February 10, 1894.<ref name="Lawson"/> Bay was buried at Oak Hill Cemetery in [[Kirkwood, Missouri]].<ref name="Lawson"/>

==Family==
Bay was married to Maria Elizabeth Duncan (1834-1879), a native of [[Massachusetts]].<ref name="Ancestry">{{cite web |url=https://www.ancestry.com/ |title= 1870 United States Federal Census, Entry for William V. N. Bay Family |website=Ancestry.com |publisher=Ancestry.com, LLC |location=Lehi, UT |url-access=subscription |access-date=February 18, 2020}}</ref> Their children included Cora, William, Frank, Harry, Harriet, and Elizabeth.<ref name="Ancestry"/>


==References==
==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
{{CongBio|B000247}}
{{CongBio|B000247}}
*{{Findagrave|23215}}


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[[Category:1818 births]]
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[[Category:1894 deaths]]
[[Category:1894 deaths]]
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[[Category:Members of the United States House of Representatives from Missouri]]
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[[Category:Missouri Democrats]]
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[[Category:Members of the Missouri House of Representatives]]
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[[Category:Democratic Party members of the United States House of Representatives]]
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[[Category:Supreme Court of Missouri judges]]
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[[Category:19th-century American politicians]]
[[Category:People from Hudson, New York]]
[[Category:People from Hudson, New York]]
[[Category:American people of Irish descent]]
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[[Category:Democratic Party members of the United States House of Representatives from Missouri]]
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[[Category:Democratic Party members of the Missouri House of Representatives]]
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[[Category:Judges of the Supreme Court of Missouri]]
[[Category:People from Union, Missouri]]
[[Category:Politicians from St. Louis]]
[[Category:Politicians from St. Louis County, Missouri]]
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[[Category:19th-century American judges]]
[[Category:19th-century American legislators]]
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[[Category:19th-century Missouri politicians]]

Latest revision as of 02:23, 18 March 2024

William Van Ness Bay
Judge of the Supreme Court of Missouri
In office
January 1862 – June 1865
Serving with Barton Bates
John D. S. Dryden
Preceded byWilliam Scott
William Barclay Napton
Ephraim Brevard Ewing
Succeeded byDavid Wagner
Walter L. Lovelace
Nathaniel Holmes
Member of the United States House of Representatives from Missouri's 2nd congressional district
In office
March 4, 1849 – March 3, 1851
Preceded byJohn Jameson
Succeeded byGilchrist Porter
Member of the Missouri House of Representatives from Franklin County
In office
November 21, 1842 – December 25, 1848
Serving with William Brown (1842)
Franklin P. Chiles (1844)
Preceded byF. R. Chiles, W. D. Hurt
Succeeded byC. B. Hinton
Personal details
Born(1818-11-23)November 23, 1818
Hudson, New York, U.S.
DiedFebruary 10, 1894(1894-02-10) (aged 75)
Eureka, Missouri, U.S.
Resting placeOak Hill Cemetery, Kirkwood, Missouri
Political partyDemocratic
SpouseMaria Elizabeth Duncan
RelationsSamuel M. Bay (brother)
Elihu H. Bay (great-uncle)
Children6
ProfessionAttorney

William Van Ness Bay (November 23, 1818 – February 10, 1894) was an American attorney and judge from Missouri. He was most notable for serving as U.S. Representative from Missouri from 1849 to 1851, and a judge of the Supreme Court of Missouri from 1862 to 1865.

Early life

[edit]

Bay was born in Hudson, New York on November 23, 1818, a son of Thomas Bay and Harriet (Mansfield) Bay.[1] His grandfather John Bay and father were also prominent attorneys.[1][2] Among the prospective lawyers who studied under John Bay were Ambrose Spencer, who later practiced law in partnership with him, and William W. Van Ness.[2] Bay's great-uncle, Elihu H. Bay, was a justice of the South Carolina Supreme Court and declined an appointment to the United States Supreme Court.[1] Bay's brother, Samuel M. Bay, was a prominent attorney in Missouri and served as counsel for Dred Scott in the 1847 Scott v. Emerson case.[1]

Career

[edit]

William Bay was educated in Columbia County, New York and moved to Missouri in 1835.[1] He studied law under the tutelage of his brother Samuel and was admitted to the bar in 1837.[1] He settled in Union, Missouri, where he commenced the practice of law.[3] A Democrat, in 1842 he was elected to represent the two-member Franklin County district in the Missouri House of Representatives. In 1844, he was reelected in the two-member district. In 1846, he was reelected in what was then a single-member Franklin County district, and he served from November 1842 to December 1848.[3]

In 1848, Bay was elected to represent Missouri's 2nd Congressional District in the 35th Congress.[1] He served one term, March 4, 1849 to March 3, 1851 and was not a candidate for reelection in 1850.[1] In his only House speech, Bay called for the admission of California to the Union as a free state as part of the Compromise of 1850, condemned the presidential administration of Millard Fillmore, a Whig, for carrying out unpopular parts of the compromise including the Fugitive Slave Act of 1850, and pleaded with northern abolitionists not to do anything on the slavery question that would be perceived as aggressive by southern slaveholders.[1] After leaving Congress, Bay resumed the practice of law. In 1854, he moved to St. Louis.[1]

Bay was appointed a judge of the Supreme Court of Missouri in 1862 when the incumbent Supreme Court judges were removed after refusing to swear loyalty oaths to the Union during the American Civil War. He won election to the position in 1863[1] and served until June 1865, when he was removed by Governor Thomas Clement Fletcher, in keeping with a post-Civil War amendment to the state constitution which vacated all judgeships that had been filled during the war.[1][3]

Later life

[edit]

After leaving the bench, Bay continued to practice law in St. Louis.[1] In 1878, he authored a historical work, Reminiscences of the Bench and Bar of Missouri, which contained short biographies of Missouri's prominent attorneys, judges, and political figures.[3]

Retirement and death

[edit]

Bay retired in 1886 and moved to Eureka, Missouri to live with his daughter.[1] He died in Eureka on February 10, 1894.[1] Bay was buried at Oak Hill Cemetery in Kirkwood, Missouri.[1]

Family

[edit]

Bay was married to Maria Elizabeth Duncan (1834-1879), a native of Massachusetts.[4] Their children included Cora, William, Frank, Harry, Harriet, and Elizabeth.[4]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p Lawson, John Davison (1918). American State Trials. Vol. 10. St. Louis, MO: F. H. Thomas Law Book Co. pp. 6–7 – via HathiTrust.
  2. ^ a b Miller, Peyton F. (1904). A Group of Great Lawyers of Columbia County, New York. New York, NY: The De Vinne Press. pp. 58–60.
  3. ^ a b c d Orf, Matt (2017). "Biography, Judge William Van Ness Bay". Courts.mo.gov. Jefferson City, MO: Office of the State Courts Administrator. Retrieved February 18, 2020.
  4. ^ a b "1870 United States Federal Census, Entry for William V. N. Bay Family". Ancestry.com. Lehi, UT: Ancestry.com, LLC. Retrieved February 18, 2020.
[edit]
U.S. House of Representatives
Preceded by Member of the U.S. House of Representatives
from Missouri's 2nd congressional district
1849–1851 		Succeeded by
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=William_Van_Ness_Bay&oldid=1214293572"