German submarine U-154 (1941): Difference between revisions
m cleanup |
lk |
||
(18 intermediate revisions by 11 users not shown) | |||
Line 33: | Line 33: | ||
|Ship class=[[German Type IX submarine#Type IXC|Type IXC]] [[submarine]] |
|Ship class=[[German Type IX submarine#Type IXC|Type IXC]] [[submarine]] |
||
|Ship displacement= |
|Ship displacement= |
||
*{{convert|1120|t|LT|abbr=on}} surfaced |
* {{convert|1120|t|LT|abbr=on|lk=on}} surfaced |
||
*{{convert|1232|t|LT|abbr=on}} submerged |
* {{convert|1232|t|LT|abbr=on}} submerged |
||
|Ship length= |
|Ship length= |
||
*{{convert|76.76|m|ftin|abbr=on}} [[o/a]] |
* {{convert|76.76|m|ftin|abbr=on}} [[o/a]] |
||
*{{convert|58.75|m|ftin|abbr=on}} pressure hull |
* {{convert|58.75|m|ftin|abbr=on}} pressure hull |
||
|Ship beam= |
|Ship beam= |
||
*{{convert|6.76|m|ftin|abbr=on}} o/a |
* {{convert|6.76|m|ftin|abbr=on}} o/a |
||
*{{convert|4.40|m|ftin|abbr=on}} pressure hull |
* {{convert|4.40|m|ftin|abbr=on}} pressure hull |
||
|Ship height={{convert|9.60|m|ftin|abbr=on}} |
|Ship height={{convert|9.60|m|ftin|abbr=on}} |
||
|Ship draught={{convert|4.70|m|ftin|abbr=on}} |
|Ship draught={{convert|4.70|m|ftin|abbr=on}} |
||
|Ship power= |
|Ship power= |
||
*{{convert|4400|PS|kW bhp|abbr=on}} (diesels) |
* {{convert|4400|PS|kW bhp|abbr=on}} (diesels) |
||
*{{convert|1000|PS|kW shp|-1|abbr=on}} (electric) |
* {{convert|1000|PS|kW shp|-1|abbr=on}} (electric) |
||
|Ship propulsion= |
|Ship propulsion= |
||
*2 shafts |
* 2 shafts |
||
*2 × [[diesel engine]]s |
* 2 × [[diesel engine]]s |
||
*2 × [[Motor-generator|electric motors]] |
* 2 × [[Motor-generator|electric motors]] |
||
| |
|Ship speed= |
||
*{{convert|18.3|kn}} surfaced |
* {{convert|18.3|kn}} surfaced |
||
*{{convert|7.3|kn}} submerged |
* {{convert|7.3|kn}} submerged |
||
|Ship range= |
|Ship range= |
||
*{{convert|13,450|nmi|lk=in|abbr=on}} at {{convert|10|kn}} surfaced |
* {{convert|13,450|nmi|lk=in|abbr=on}} at {{convert|10|kn}} surfaced |
||
*{{convert|64|nmi|abbr=on}} at {{convert|4|kn}} submerged |
* {{convert|64|nmi|abbr=on}} at {{convert|4|kn}} submerged |
||
|Ship test depth= |
|Ship test depth= |
||
*{{convert|230|m|ft|abbr=on}} |
* {{convert|230|m|ft|abbr=on}} |
||
|Ship complement=4 officers, 44 enlisted |
|Ship complement=4 officers, 44 enlisted |
||
|Ship armament= |
|Ship armament= |
||
*6 × [[torpedo tube]]s (4 bow, 2 stern) |
* 6 × [[torpedo tube]]s (4 bow, 2 stern) |
||
*22 × {{convert|53.3|cm|in|0|abbr=on}} [[torpedo]]es |
* 22 × {{convert|53.3|cm|in|0|abbr=on}} [[torpedo]]es |
||
*1 × [[10.5 cm SK C/32 naval gun|{{convert|10.5|cm|in|sp=us|abbr=on}} SK C/32]] [[deck gun]] (180 rounds) |
* 1 × [[10.5 cm SK C/32 naval gun|{{convert|10.5|cm|in|sp=us|abbr=on}} SK C/32]] [[deck gun]] (180 rounds) |
||
*1 × [[3.7 cm SK C/30|{{convert|3.7|cm|in|sp=us|abbr=on}} SK C/30]] AA gun |
* 1 × [[3.7 cm SK C/30|{{convert|3.7|cm|in|sp=us|abbr=on}} SK C/30]] AA gun |
||
*1 × twin [[2 cm FlaK 30]] AA guns |
* 1 × twin [[2 cm FlaK 30]] AA guns |
||
|Ship notes= |
|Ship notes= |
||
}} |
}} |
||
Line 71: | Line 71: | ||
|label= |
|label= |
||
|partof= |
|partof= |
||
*[[4th U-boat Flotilla]] |
* [[4th U-boat Flotilla]] |
||
*2 August 1941 – 31 January 1942 |
* 2 August 1941 – 31 January 1942 |
||
*[[2nd U-boat Flotilla]] |
* [[2nd U-boat Flotilla]] |
||
*1 February 1942 – 3 July 1944 |
* 1 February 1942 – 3 July 1944 |
||
|codes= |
|codes=M 45 897 |
||
|commanders= |
|commanders= |
||
*''[[K.Kapt.]]'' Walther Kölle |
* ''[[K.Kapt.]]'' Walther Kölle |
||
*2 August – 7 October 1942 |
* 2 August – 7 October 1942 |
||
*''K.Kapt.'' Heinrich Schuh |
* ''K.Kapt.'' Heinrich Schuh |
||
*7 October 1942 – 8 February 1943 |
* 7 October 1942 – 8 February 1943 |
||
*''[[Oblt.z.S.]]'' Oskar-Heinz Kusch |
* ''[[Oblt.z.S.]]'' Oskar-Heinz Kusch |
||
*8 February 1943 – 21 January 1944 |
* 8 February 1943 – 21 January 1944 |
||
*''Oblt.z.S.'' Gerth Cemeiner |
* ''Oblt.z.S.'' Gerth Cemeiner |
||
*22 January – 3 July 1944 |
* 22 January – 3 July 1944 |
||
|operations=*8 patrols: |
|operations=*8 patrols: |
||
*1st patrol: |
* 1st patrol: |
||
*7 February – 1 March 1942 |
* 7 February – 1 March 1942 |
||
*2nd patrol: |
* 2nd patrol: |
||
*11 March – 9 May 1942 |
* 11 March – 9 May 1942 |
||
*3rd patrol: |
* 3rd patrol: |
||
*4 June – 23 August 1942 |
* 4 June – 23 August 1942 |
||
*4th patrol: |
* 4th patrol: |
||
*12 October 1942 – 7 January 1943 |
* 12 October 1942 – 7 January 1943 |
||
*5th patrol: |
* 5th patrol: |
||
*a. 20 March – 6 July 1943 |
* a. 20 March – 6 July 1943 |
||
*b. 23 – 24 September 1943 |
* b. 23 – 24 September 1943 |
||
*6th patrol: |
* 6th patrol: |
||
*2 October – 20 December 1943 |
* 2 October – 20 December 1943 |
||
*7th patrol: |
* 7th patrol: |
||
*31 January – 28 April 1944 |
* 31 January – 28 April 1944 |
||
*8th patrol: |
* 8th patrol: |
||
*20 June – 3 July 1944 |
* 20 June – 3 July 1944 |
||
|victories= |
|victories= |
||
*10 merchant ships sunk <br />({{GRT|49,288}}) |
* 10 merchant ships sunk <br />({{GRT|49,288}}) |
||
*1 merchant ship total loss <br />({{GRT|8,166}}) |
* 1 merchant ship total loss <br />({{GRT|8,166}}) |
||
*2 merchant ships damaged <br />({{GRT|15,771}}) |
* 2 merchant ships damaged <br />({{GRT|15,771}}) |
||
}} |
}} |
||
|} |
|} |
||
Line 114: | Line 114: | ||
The submarine began her service life with training as part of the [[4th U-boat Flotilla]]; moving on to the [[2nd U-boat Flotilla|2nd flotilla]] for operations. She conducted eight patrols, sinking ten ships. |
The submarine began her service life with training as part of the [[4th U-boat Flotilla]]; moving on to the [[2nd U-boat Flotilla|2nd flotilla]] for operations. She conducted eight patrols, sinking ten ships. |
||
Although it was believed to be sunk by the Colombian Destroyer ARC Caldas during a short encounter near San Andrés Island in 1944,<ref>{{Cite web|last=Tiempo|first=Casa Editorial El|date=1991-10-22|title=CLAVE 1944 RC CALDAS HUNDE SUBMARINO NAZI|url=https://www.eltiempo.com/archivo/documento/MAM-176772|access-date=2020-09-22|website=El Tiempo|language=es}}</ref> the ''U-154'' escaped without damage. Using spare oil and some damaged torpedo tubes, the Germans were able to fake the oil slick and wreckage. |
Although it was believed to be sunk by the Colombian Destroyer ARC ''Caldas'' during a short encounter near San Andrés Island in 1944,<ref>{{Cite web|last=Tiempo|first=Casa Editorial El|date=1991-10-22|title=CLAVE 1944 RC CALDAS HUNDE SUBMARINO NAZI|url=https://www.eltiempo.com/archivo/documento/MAM-176772|access-date=2020-09-22|website=El Tiempo|language=es}}</ref> the ''U-154'' escaped without damage. Using spare oil and some damaged torpedo tubes, the Germans were able to fake the [[oil spill|oil slick]] and wreckage. |
||
''U-154'' was sunk by the US destroyers {{USS|Inch|DE-146|6}} and {{USS|Frost|DE-144|2}} northwest of [[Madeira]] on 3 July 1944. |
''U-154'' was sunk by the US destroyers {{USS|Inch|DE-146|6}} and {{USS|Frost|DE-144|2}} northwest of [[Madeira]] on 3 July 1944. |
||
Line 134: | Line 134: | ||
Her third patrol saw her cross the Atlantic once more. She sank ''Tillie Lykes'' on 28 June 1942, about {{convert|100|nmi|abbr=on}} south of Santo Domingo in the Dominican Republic and ''Lalita'', using the [[deck gun]], in the [[Yucatán Channel]] on 6 July. |
Her third patrol saw her cross the Atlantic once more. She sank ''Tillie Lykes'' on 28 June 1942, about {{convert|100|nmi|abbr=on}} south of Santo Domingo in the Dominican Republic and ''Lalita'', using the [[deck gun]], in the [[Yucatán Channel]] on 6 July. |
||
One of the boat's victims on this, her fourth patrol, was ''Nurmahal''. She was sunk on 9 November 1942 {{convert|300|nmi|abbr=on}} east of [[Martinique]] "in less than thirty seconds."<ref>{{cite web |
One of the boat's victims on this, her fourth patrol, was ''Nurmahal''. She was sunk on 9 November 1942 {{convert|300|nmi|abbr=on}} east of [[Martinique]] "in less than thirty seconds."<ref name="uboat">{{cite web |
||
|url=http://uboat.net/boats/successes/u154/html |
|url=http://uboat.net/boats/successes/u154/html |
||
|title=Ships hit by U-154 |
|title=Ships hit by U-154 |
||
Line 157: | Line 157: | ||
==Postscript== |
==Postscript== |
||
''Oblt.z.S.'' [[ |
''Oblt.z.S.'' [[Oskar Kusch]], who had commanded the boat in 1943 and the first month of 1944 and successfully attacked three ships, was court-martialled and shot in May 1944, having been reported by his first officer, [[Ulrich Abel]] and his chief engineer, Kurt Druschel for {{lang|de|[[Wehrkraftzersetzung]]}} (sedition and defeatism).<ref>Sharpe 1998 pp.53–54</ref> Kusch had removed Hitlers portrait from the boat and had repeatedly called him an idiot and described the Nazis as tapeworms.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Kruecken|first=Stefan|title=»U-154« unter Oskar Kusch: Der Aufstand des U-Boot-Kommandanten|url=https://www.spiegel.de/geschichte/u-boot-u-154-unter-oskar-kusch-der-aufstand-des-kommandanten-a-d8ec764f-4d36-489e-b6f8-d88c1dae8b0b|access-date=2021-05-21|newspaper=Der Spiegel|date=20 May 2021|language=de}}</ref> Ironically Ulrich Abel, who subsequently gained his own command on ''[[German submarine U-193|U-193]]'' was killed before Kusch's murder, when ''U-193'' was sunk in April 1944 on its first patrol under his command. Druschel was killed when ''U-154'' was sunk on 3 July 1944. It was not until the 1990s that Kusch's legal record was wiped clean and a memorial to his memory was erected, Oskar-Kusch-Strasse, a street in Kiel, Germany is named after him. |
||
==Summary of raiding history== |
==Summary of raiding history== |
||
Line 166: | Line 166: | ||
! Nationality |
! Nationality |
||
! Tonnage<br />([[Gross register tonnage|GRT]]) |
! Tonnage<br />([[Gross register tonnage|GRT]]) |
||
! Fate<ref |
! Fate<ref name="uboat" /> |
||
|url=http://uboat.net/boats/successes/u154/html |
|||
|title=Ships hit by U-154 |
|||
|last=Helgason |
|||
|first=Guðmundur |
|||
|website=German U-boats of World War II – uboat.net |
|||
|access-date=7 December 2014 |
|||
}}</ref> |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|align="right"|4 April 1942 |
|align="right"|4 April 1942 |
||
Line 259: | Line 252: | ||
==Bibliography== |
==Bibliography== |
||
{{Refbegin}} |
{{Refbegin}} |
||
*{{cite book | last1 = Busch | first1 = Rainer | last2 = Röll | first2 = Hans-Joachim | translator-last = Brooks | translator-first = Geoffrey | title = German U-boat commanders of World War II : a biographical dictionary | publisher = Greenhill Books, Naval Institute Press | location = London, Annapolis, Md | year = 1999 | isbn = 1-55750-186-6 }} |
* {{cite book | last1 = Busch | first1 = Rainer | last2 = Röll | first2 = Hans-Joachim | translator-last = Brooks | translator-first = Geoffrey | title = German U-boat commanders of World War II : a biographical dictionary | publisher = Greenhill Books, Naval Institute Press | location = London, Annapolis, Md | year = 1999 | isbn = 1-55750-186-6 }} |
||
*{{cite book |
* {{cite book |
||
|last1=Busch |
|last1=Busch |
||
|first1=Rainer |
|first1=Rainer |
||
Line 267: | Line 260: | ||
|title=Deutsche U-Boot-Verluste von September 1939 bis Mai 1945 |
|title=Deutsche U-Boot-Verluste von September 1939 bis Mai 1945 |
||
|trans-title=German U-boat losses from September 1939 to May 1945 |
|trans-title=German U-boat losses from September 1939 to May 1945 |
||
| |
|series=Der U-Boot-Krieg |
||
|volume=IV |
|volume=IV |
||
|publisher=Mittler |
|publisher=Mittler |
||
Line 275: | Line 268: | ||
|language=de |
|language=de |
||
}} |
}} |
||
*{{cite book |
* {{cite book |
||
|last1=Gröner |
|last1=Gröner |
||
|first1=Erich |
|first1=Erich |
||
Line 289: | Line 282: | ||
|title=U-boats and Mine Warfare Vessels |
|title=U-boats and Mine Warfare Vessels |
||
|volume=2 |
|volume=2 |
||
| |
|series=German Warships 1815–1945 |
||
|location=London |
|location=London |
||
|publisher=Conway Maritime Press |
|publisher=Conway Maritime Press |
||
Line 295: | Line 288: | ||
|ref=CITEREFGröner1991 |
|ref=CITEREFGröner1991 |
||
}} |
}} |
||
*{{cite book |
* {{cite book |
||
|last=Kemp |
|last=Kemp |
||
|first=Paul |
|first=Paul |
||
Line 304: | Line 297: | ||
|isbn=1-85409-515-3 |
|isbn=1-85409-515-3 |
||
}} |
}} |
||
*{{cite book |
* {{cite book |
||
|last=Sharpe |
|last=Sharpe |
||
|first=Peter |
|first=Peter |
||
Line 313: | Line 306: | ||
|isbn=1-85780-072-9 |
|isbn=1-85780-072-9 |
||
}} |
}} |
||
*{{cite book |last1=Rust |first1=Eric C. |title=U-Boat Commander Oskar Kusch: Anatomy of a Nazi-era Betrayal and Judicial Murder |date=2020 |publisher=Naval Institute Press |location=Annapolis, Maryland |isbn=978-1682475140}} |
* {{cite book |last1=Rust |first1=Eric C. |title=U-Boat Commander Oskar Kusch: Anatomy of a Nazi-era Betrayal and Judicial Murder |date=2020 |publisher=Naval Institute Press |location=Annapolis, Maryland |isbn=978-1682475140}} |
||
{{Refend}} |
{{Refend}} |
||
==External links== |
==External links== |
||
*{{Cite web |
* {{Cite web |
||
|url=http://uboat.net/boats/u154.htm |
|url=http://uboat.net/boats/u154.htm |
||
|title=The Type IXC boat U-154 |
|title=The Type IXC boat U-154 |
||
Line 326: | Line 319: | ||
|access-date=7 December 2014 |
|access-date=7 December 2014 |
||
}} |
}} |
||
*{{Cite web |
* {{Cite web |
||
|url=http://www.u-boot-archiv.de/dieboote/u0154.html |
|url=http://www.u-boot-archiv.de/dieboote/u0154.html |
||
|title=''U 154'' |
|title=''U 154'' |
||
Line 338: | Line 331: | ||
{{German Type IXC submarines}} |
{{German Type IXC submarines}} |
||
{{July 1944 shipwrecks}} |
{{July 1944 shipwrecks}} |
||
{{Subject bar |
|||
| portal1=Military of Germany |
|||
| portal2=World War II |
|||
}} |
|||
{{coord|34|00|N|19|18|W|source:plwiki|display=title}} |
{{coord|34|00|N|19|18|W|source:plwiki|display=title}} |
||
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2014}} |
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2014}} |
||
Line 354: | Line 344: | ||
[[Category:U-boats sunk by depth charges]] |
[[Category:U-boats sunk by depth charges]] |
||
[[Category:U-boats sunk by US warships]] |
[[Category:U-boats sunk by US warships]] |
||
[[Category: |
[[Category:Submarines lost with all hands]] |
||
[[Category:Maritime incidents in July 1944]] |
[[Category:Maritime incidents in July 1944]] |
Latest revision as of 12:23, 19 March 2024
U-505, a typical Type IXC boat
| |
History | |
---|---|
Nazi Germany | |
Name | U-154 |
Ordered | 25 September 1939 |
Builder | DeSchiMAG AG Weser, Bremen |
Yard number | 996 |
Laid down | 21 September 1940 |
Launched | 21 April 1941 |
Commissioned | 2 August 1941 |
Fate | Sunk on 3 July 1944[1] |
General characteristics | |
Class and type | Type IXC submarine |
Displacement | |
Length |
|
Beam |
|
Height | 9.60 m (31 ft 6 in) |
Draught | 4.70 m (15 ft 5 in) |
Installed power |
|
Propulsion |
|
Speed |
|
Range |
|
Test depth | 230 m (750 ft) |
Complement | 4 officers, 44 enlisted |
Armament |
|
Service record | |
Part of: |
|
Identification codes: | M 45 897 |
Commanders: | |
Operations: |
|
Victories: |
German submarine U-154 was a Type IXC U-boat of Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine built for service during World War II. The keel for this boat was laid down on 21 September 1940 at the DeSchiMAG AG Weser yard in Bremen, Germany as yard number 996. She was launched on 21 April 1941 and commissioned on 2 August under the command of Korvettenkapitän Walther Kölle.
The submarine began her service life with training as part of the 4th U-boat Flotilla; moving on to the 2nd flotilla for operations. She conducted eight patrols, sinking ten ships.
Although it was believed to be sunk by the Colombian Destroyer ARC Caldas during a short encounter near San Andrés Island in 1944,[2] the U-154 escaped without damage. Using spare oil and some damaged torpedo tubes, the Germans were able to fake the oil slick and wreckage.
U-154 was sunk by the US destroyers USS Inch and Frost northwest of Madeira on 3 July 1944.
Design
[edit]German Type IXC submarines were slightly larger than the original Type IXBs. U-154 had a displacement of 1,120 tonnes (1,100 long tons) when at the surface and 1,232 tonnes (1,213 long tons) while submerged.[3] The U-boat had a total length of 76.76 m (251 ft 10 in), a pressure hull length of 58.75 m (192 ft 9 in), a beam of 6.76 m (22 ft 2 in), a height of 9.60 m (31 ft 6 in), and a draught of 4.70 m (15 ft 5 in). The submarine was powered by two MAN M 9 V 40/46 supercharged four-stroke, nine-cylinder diesel engines producing a total of 4,400 metric horsepower (3,240 kW; 4,340 shp) for use while surfaced, two Siemens-Schuckert 2 GU 345/34 double-acting electric motors producing a total of 1,000 metric horsepower (740 kW; 990 shp) for use while submerged. She had two shafts and two 1.92 m (6 ft) propellers. The boat was capable of operating at depths of up to 230 metres (750 ft).[3]
The submarine had a maximum surface speed of 18.3 knots (33.9 km/h; 21.1 mph) and a maximum submerged speed of 7.3 knots (13.5 km/h; 8.4 mph).[3] When submerged, the boat could operate for 63 nautical miles (117 km; 72 mi) at 4 knots (7.4 km/h; 4.6 mph); when surfaced, she could travel 13,450 nautical miles (24,910 km; 15,480 mi) at 10 knots (19 km/h; 12 mph). U-154 was fitted with six 53.3 cm (21 in) torpedo tubes (four fitted at the bow and two at the stern), 22 torpedoes, one 10.5 cm (4.13 in) SK C/32 naval gun, 180 rounds, and a 3.7 cm (1.5 in) SK C/30 as well as a 2 cm (0.79 in) C/30 anti-aircraft gun. The boat had a complement of forty-eight.[3]
Service history
[edit]First patrol
[edit]The boat's first patrol began with her departure from Kiel on 7 February 1942. She headed for the Atlantic Ocean west of Ireland via the gap between the Faroe and Shetland Islands. She docked at Lorient in occupied France, on 1 March.
Second patrol
[edit]For her second sortie, she sailed to the Caribbean, sinking Como Rico on 4 April 1942, about 225 nmi (417 km; 259 mi) north of St. Juan, in Puerto Rico. Her success continued with the sinking of Catahoula, Delvalle, Empire Amethyst and Vineland, all near Haiti and the Dominican Republic.
Third, fourth and fifth patrols
[edit]Her third patrol saw her cross the Atlantic once more. She sank Tillie Lykes on 28 June 1942, about 100 nmi (190 km; 120 mi) south of Santo Domingo in the Dominican Republic and Lalita, using the deck gun, in the Yucatán Channel on 6 July.
One of the boat's victims on this, her fourth patrol, was Nurmahal. She was sunk on 9 November 1942 300 nmi (560 km; 350 mi) east of Martinique "in less than thirty seconds."[4] Another was Tower Grange, sunk 250 nmi (460 km; 290 mi) off Cayenne in French Guiana.
Having made the short trip from Lorient to Brest, the submarine's fifth foray was her longest (109 days) and second most successful. Amongst many others, she attacked Florida. Although the ship had her back broken on 28 May 1943, she was eventually repaired.
Sixth, seventh and eighth patrols and loss
[edit]She departed on patrol number six on 2 October 1943. U-154 was attacked by an unidentified PBY Catalina flying boat on 3 November; she was also twice attacked on the 22nd. None caused any damage. The boat returned to Lorient on 20 December.
She was then attacked on 13 March 1944, possibly by the US Navy patrol boat USS PC-469 north of the Panama Canal; only minor damage was sustained. U-154 was also engaged on 29 March by the Colombian Navy destroyer ARC Caldas. She returned to France, again to Lorient, on 28 April 1944.
U-154 was sunk by the US destroyers USS Inch and Frost northwest of Madeira on 3 July 1944.
Wolfpacks
[edit]U-154 took part in one wolfpack, namely:
- Südwärts (24 – 26 October 1942)
Postscript
[edit]Oblt.z.S. Oskar Kusch, who had commanded the boat in 1943 and the first month of 1944 and successfully attacked three ships, was court-martialled and shot in May 1944, having been reported by his first officer, Ulrich Abel and his chief engineer, Kurt Druschel for Wehrkraftzersetzung (sedition and defeatism).[5] Kusch had removed Hitlers portrait from the boat and had repeatedly called him an idiot and described the Nazis as tapeworms.[6] Ironically Ulrich Abel, who subsequently gained his own command on U-193 was killed before Kusch's murder, when U-193 was sunk in April 1944 on its first patrol under his command. Druschel was killed when U-154 was sunk on 3 July 1944. It was not until the 1990s that Kusch's legal record was wiped clean and a memorial to his memory was erected, Oskar-Kusch-Strasse, a street in Kiel, Germany is named after him.
Summary of raiding history
[edit]Date | Name | Nationality | Tonnage (GRT) |
Fate[4] |
---|---|---|---|---|
4 April 1942 | Comol Rico | Vereinigte Staaten | 5,034 | Sunk |
5 April 1942 | Catahoula | Vereinigte Staaten | 5,030 | Sunk |
12 April 1942 | Delvalle | Vereinigte Staaten | 5,032 | Sunk |
13 April 1942 | Empire Amethyst | Vereinigtes Königreich | 8,032 | Sunk |
20 April 1942 | Vineland | Kanada | 5,587 | Sunk |
28 June 1942 | Tillie Lykes | Vereinigte Staaten | 2,572 | Sunk |
6 July 1942 | Lalita | Panama | 65 | Sunk |
8 November 1942 | D'Entrecasteaux | Vereinigtes Königreich | 7,291 | Sunk |
9 November 1942 | Nurmahal | Vereinigtes Königreich | 5,419 | Sunk |
18 November 1942 | Tower Grange | Vereinigtes Königreich | 5,226 | Sunk |
28 May 1943 | Cardinal Gibbons | Vereinigte Staaten | 7,191 | Damaged |
28 May 1943 | Florida | Vereinigte Staaten | 8,580 | Damaged |
28 May 1943 | John Worthington | Vereinigte Staaten | 8,166 | Total loss |
References
[edit]- ^ Kemp 1999, pp. 200–1.
- ^ Tiempo, Casa Editorial El (22 October 1991). "CLAVE 1944 RC CALDAS HUNDE SUBMARINO NAZI". El Tiempo (in Spanish). Retrieved 22 September 2020.
- ^ a b c d Gröner 1991, p. 68.
- ^ a b Helgason, Guðmundur. "Ships hit by U-154". German U-boats of World War II – uboat.net. Retrieved 7 December 2014.
- ^ Sharpe 1998 pp.53–54
- ^ Kruecken, Stefan (20 May 2021). "»U-154« unter Oskar Kusch: Der Aufstand des U-Boot-Kommandanten". Der Spiegel (in German). Retrieved 21 May 2021.
Bibliography
[edit]- Busch, Rainer; Röll, Hans-Joachim (1999). German U-boat commanders of World War II : a biographical dictionary. Translated by Brooks, Geoffrey. London, Annapolis, Md: Greenhill Books, Naval Institute Press. ISBN 1-55750-186-6.
- Busch, Rainer; Röll, Hans-Joachim (1999). Deutsche U-Boot-Verluste von September 1939 bis Mai 1945 [German U-boat losses from September 1939 to May 1945]. Der U-Boot-Krieg (in German). Vol. IV. Hamburg, Berlin, Bonn: Mittler. ISBN 3-8132-0514-2.
- Gröner, Erich; Jung, Dieter; Maass, Martin (1991). U-boats and Mine Warfare Vessels. German Warships 1815–1945. Vol. 2. Translated by Thomas, Keith; Magowan, Rachel. London: Conway Maritime Press. ISBN 0-85177-593-4.
- Kemp, Paul (1999). U-Boats Destroyed – German Submarine Losses in the World Wars. London: Arms & Armour. ISBN 1-85409-515-3.
- Sharpe, Peter (1998). U-Boat Fact File. Earl Shilton: Midland Publishing. ISBN 1-85780-072-9.
- Rust, Eric C. (2020). U-Boat Commander Oskar Kusch: Anatomy of a Nazi-era Betrayal and Judicial Murder. Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press. ISBN 978-1682475140.
External links
[edit]- Helgason, Guðmundur. "The Type IXC boat U-154". German U-boats of World War II – uboat.net. Retrieved 7 December 2014.
- Hofmann, Markus. "U 154". Deutsche U-Boote 1935–1945 – u-boot-archiv.de (in German). Retrieved 7 December 2014.