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{{Short description|Polish passenger cargo ship}}
{|{{Infobox ship begin <!-- commercial vessels -->
{|{{Infobox ship begin <!-- commercial vessels -->
|infobox caption= <!-- keywords: yes, nodab; or caption text -->
| infobox caption = <!-- keywords: yes, nodab; or caption text -->
|display title= <!-- keywords: none, ital; or article title with markup -->
| display title = <!-- keywords: none, ital; or article title with markup -->
}}
}}
{{Infobox ship image
{{Infobox ship image
|Ship image=SS Jagiello.jpg
| Ship image = SS Jagiello.jpg
|Ship image size=
| Ship image size =
|Ship caption=SS ''Jagiełło'' arriving in [[Havana]], 1948
| Ship caption = SS ''Jagiełło'' arriving in [[Havana]], 1948
|image alt=
| image alt =
}}
}}
{{Infobox ship career
{{Infobox ship career
|Hide header=
| Hide header =
|Ship name=*''Doğu'' (1939)
| Ship name = *''Doğu'' (1939)
*''Lüderitzbucht'' (1939-45)
*''Lüderitzbucht'' (1939-45)
*''Duala '' (1945)
*''Duala '' (1945)
*''Empire Ock'' (1945-46)
*''Empire Ock'' (1945-46)
*''Pyotr Velikiy (1946-48)
*''Pyotr Velikiy'' (1946-48)
*''Jagiełło '' (1948-49)
*''Jagiełło '' (1948-49)
*''Pyotr Velikiy'' (1949-73)
*''Pyotr Velikiy'' (1949-73)
|Ship owner=*German Government (1939-40)
| Ship owner = *German Government (1939-40)
*Kriegsmarine (1940-45)
*Kriegsmarine (1940-45)
*Ministry of War Transport (1945-46)
*Ministry of War Transport (1945-46)
Line 24: Line 25:
*Gdynia-America Line (1947-49)
*Gdynia-America Line (1947-49)
*Black Sea Shipping Company (1949-73)
*Black Sea Shipping Company (1949-73)
|Ship operator=*Deutsche-Afrika Linien (1939-40)
| Ship operator = *Deutsche-Afrika Linien (1939-40)
*Kriegsmarine (1940-45)
*Kriegsmarine (1940-45)
*City Line Ltd (1945-46)
*City Line Ltd (1945-46)
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*Cosulich (1947-49)
*Cosulich (1947-49)
*Black Sea Shipping Company (1949-73)
*Black Sea Shipping Company (1949-73)
|Ship registry=*{{flagicon|Nazi Germany}} [[Hamburg]], [[Nazi Germany|Germany]] (1939-49)
| Ship registry = *{{flagicon|Nazi Germany}} [[Hamburg]], [[Nazi Germany|Germany]] (1939-49)
*{{Navy|Nazi Germany}} (1940-45)
*{{Navy|Nazi Germany}} (1940-45)
*{{flagicon|United Kingdom|civil}} [[London]], [[United Kingdom]] (1945-46)
*{{flagicon|United Kingdom|civil}} [[London]], [[United Kingdom]] (1945-46)
*{{flagicon|Soviet Union}} [[Leningrad]], Soviet Union (1946-47)
*{{flagicon|Soviet Union}} [[Leningrad]], Soviet Union (1946-47)
*{{flag|Poland|state}} (1947-49 )
*{{flagicon|Polish People's Republic|state}} [[Gdynia]], [[Polish People's Republic|Poland]] (1947-49 )
*{{flagicon|Soviet Union}} [[Odessa]], Soviet Union (1949-73)
*{{flagicon|Soviet Union}} [[Odessa]], Soviet Union (1949-73)
|Ship route=
| Ship route =
|Ship ordered=
| Ship ordered =
|Ship builder=Blohm+Voss
| Ship builder = Blohm+Voss
|Ship original cost=
| Ship original cost =
|Ship yard number=520
| Ship yard number = 520
|Ship way number=
| Ship way number =
|Ship laid down=
| Ship laid down =
|Ship launched=15 March 1939
| Ship launched = 15 March 1939
|Ship completed=31 August 1939
| Ship completed = 31 August 1939
|Ship christened=
| Ship christened =
|Ship acquired=
| Ship acquired =
|Ship maiden voyage=
| Ship maiden voyage =
|Ship in service=
| Ship in service =
|Ship out of service=20 November 1973
| Ship out of service = 20 November 1973
|Ship identification=*United Kingdom Official Number 180588 (1945-46)
| Ship identification = *United Kingdom [[Official Number]] 180588 (1945-46)
*Code Letters GJZR (1945-46)
*Code Letters GJZR (1945-46)
*{{ICS|Golf}}{{ICS|Juliet}}{{ICS|Zulu}}{{ICS|Romeo}}
*{{ICS|Golf}}{{ICS|Juliet}}{{ICS|Zulu}}{{ICS|Romeo}}
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*Code Letters UVSA (1949-73)
*Code Letters UVSA (1949-73)
*{{ICS|Uniform}}{{ICS|Victor}}{{ICS|Sierra}}{{ICS|Alpha}}
*{{ICS|Uniform}}{{ICS|Victor}}{{ICS|Sierra}}{{ICS|Alpha}}
|Ship fate=Scrapped
| Ship fate = Scrapped
|Ship status=
| Ship notes =
|Ship notes=
}}
}}
{{Infobox ship characteristics
{{Infobox ship characteristics
|Hide header=
| Hide header =
|Header caption=
| Header caption =
|Ship class=
| Ship class =
|Ship type=Passenger-cargo
| Ship type = Passenger-cargo
|Ship tonnage={{GRT|6,133}}, {{NRT|3,139}}
| Ship tonnage = {{GRT|6,133}}, {{NRT|3,139}}
|Ship displacement=
| Ship displacement =
|Ship length={{convert|384|ft|8|in|m|2|order=flip}}
| Ship length = {{convert|384|ft|8|in|m|2|order=flip}}
|Ship beam={{convert|52|ft|5|in|m|2|order=flip}}
| Ship beam = {{convert|52|ft|5|in|m|2|order=flip}}
|Ship height=
| Ship height =
|Ship draught=
| Ship draught =
|Ship depth={{convert|20|ft|5|in|m|2|order=flip}}
| Ship depth = {{convert|20|ft|5|in|m|2|order=flip}}
|Ship decks=
| Ship decks =
|Ship deck clearance=
| Ship deck clearance =
|Ship ramps=
| Ship ramps =
|Ship ice class=
| Ship ice class =
|Ship sail plan=
| Ship sail plan =
|Ship power=two 3-cylinder [[triple expansion steam engine]]s
| Ship power = two 3-cylinder [[triple expansion steam engine]]s
|Ship propulsion=Twin screw propellers
| Ship propulsion = Twin screw propellers
|Ship speed={{convert|15|kn|km/h}}
| Ship speed = {{convert|15|kn|km/h}}
|Ship capacity=
| Ship capacity =
|Ship crew=
| Ship crew =
|Ship notes=
| Ship notes =
}}
}}
|}
|}


'''SS ''Jagiełło''''' was a medium-sized passenger-cargo ship, sailing under the [[Polish People's Republic|Polish]] flag between 1948 and 1949, and then decommissioned due to unprofitable and post-war political conditions, which were not conducive to the development of the Polish passenger fleet, and then transferred to the [[Soviet Union]] as '''''Pyotr Velikiy''''', operating Black Sea passenger services until 1973. The ship had been built by Blohm & Voss for Turkish operators, taken over after completion by the German government. After World War 2 it taken over by the British and then the Soviet Government.
'''''Jagiełło''''' was a medium-sized passenger-cargo ship, sailing under the [[Polish People's Republic|Polish]] flag between 1948 and 1949, and then decommissioned due to unprofitable and post-war political conditions, which were not conducive to the development of the Polish passenger fleet, and then transferred to the [[Soviet Union]] as '''''Pyotr Velikiy''''', operating Black Sea passenger services until 1973. The ship had been built by Blohm & Voss for Turkish operators, taken over after completion by the German government. After World War 2 it taken over by the British and then the Soviet Government.


==Description==
==Description==
The ship was {{convert|384|ft|8|in|m|2|order=flip}} long, with a beam of {{convert|52|ft|5|in|m|2|order=flip}} and a depth of {{convert|20|ft|5|in|m|2|order=flip}}. She was assessed at {{GRT|6,133}}, {{NRT|3,139}}.<ref name=Ock45>{{cite journal |url=https://plimsoll.southampton.gov.uk/shipdata/pdfs/45/45a1184.pdf |title=Lloyd's Register, Navires a Vapeur et a Moteurs |journal=Lloyd's Register |year=1945 |publisher=Lloyd's of London |location=London |accessdate=24 June 2020}}</ref>
The ship was {{convert|384|ft|8|in|m|2|order=flip}} long, with a beam of {{convert|52|ft|5|in|m|2|order=flip}} and a depth of {{convert|20|ft|5|in|m|2|order=flip}}. She was assessed at {{GRT|6,133}}, {{NRT|3,139}}.<ref name=Ock45>{{cite journal |url=https://plimsoll.southampton.gov.uk/shipdata/pdfs/45/45a1184.pdf |title=Lloyd's Register, Navires a Vapeur et a Moteurs |journal=Lloyd's Register |year=1945 |publisher=Lloyd's of London |location=London |accessdate=24 June 2020}}</ref>


The ship was powered by two 3-cylinder [[triple expansion steam engine]]s, which each had cylinders of {{convert|60|cm|in|frac=4}}, {{convert|90|cm|in|frac=16}} and {{convert|159|cm|in|frac=8}} diameter by {{convert|100|cm|in|frac=8}} stroke. The engines drove twin screw propellers via low pressure turbines and a double reduction drive. Built by Blohm+Voss,<ref name=Ock45/> they could propel the ship at {{convert|15|kn|km/h}}.<ref name=Polvnic>{{cite web |url=https://polvnic.livejournal.com/15023.html |title=Черное море. Белый пароход. (Окончание) |trans-title=Black Sea, White Steamer (Ending) |language=Russian |publisher=Polvnic |accessdate=24 June 2020}}</ref>
The ship was powered by two 3-cylinder [[triple expansion steam engine]]s, which each had cylinders of {{convert|60|cm|in|frac=4}}, {{convert|90|cm|in|frac=16}} and {{convert|159|cm|in|frac=8}} diameter by {{convert|100|cm|in|frac=8}} stroke. The engines drove twin screw propellers via low pressure turbines and a double reduction drive. Built by Blohm+Voss,<ref name=Ock45/> they could propel the ship at {{convert|15|kn|km/h}}.<ref name=Polvnic>{{cite web |url=https://polvnic.livejournal.com/15023.html |title=Черное море. Белый пароход. (Окончание) |date=25 October 2011 |trans-title=Black Sea, White Steamer (Ending) |language=Russian |publisher=Polvnic |accessdate=24 June 2020}}</ref>


== History ==
== History ==
The ship was built in 1939 as ''Doğu'' at the [[Blohm+Voss|Blohm und Voss]] shipyard in [[Hamburg]] for the [[Turkey|Turkish]] government organisations [[Denizbank]] and [[Turkish Maritime Organization|Denizyollari Idaresi]].<ref name="LR1939">{{cite journal |title=Lloyd's Register: Steamers and Motorships |date=1939 |publisher=Lloyd's of London |journal=Lloyd's Register of Shipping |location=London |url=https://plimsoll.southampton.gov.uk/shipdata/pdfs/39/39b0251.pdf |accessdate=24 June 2020}}</ref> Yard Number 520, ''Doğu'' was launched on 15 March 1939, the first of three [[sister ships]], the others being ''Egemen'' and ''Savas'', and completed on 31 August.<ref name=Fleetphoto>{{cite web |url=https://fleetphoto.ru/vessel/3528/|title=Пётр Великий |trans-title=Pyotr Velikiy |language=Russian |publisher=Fleetphoto |accessdate=25 June 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.miramarshipindex.nz/ship/yard?link=1403&page=12 |title=Blohm & Voss|website=Miramar Ship Index (subscription) |publisher=R B Haworth |accessdate=24 June 2020 |location=Wellington, New Zealand}}</ref> The ship had not been commissioned when war broke out in September 1939, was taken over by Germany, with [[Deutsche Afrika-Linien]] appointed managers, and renamed ''Lüderitzbucht''.<ref name="Mitchell&Sawyer">{{cite book |last1=Mitchell |first1=W H |last2=Sawyer |first2=L A |title=The Empire Ships : a record of British-built and acquired merchant ships during the Second World War |date=1990 |publisher=Lloyd's of London Press |location=London |isbn=1-85044-275-4 |pages=463-465 |edition=2nd}}</ref> In 1940 the ship was taken over by the [[Kriegsmarine]], who used it as a residential hulk at [[Flensburg]], renaming it ''Duala'' in early 1945.<ref name="Mitchell&Sawyer" /><ref name=Piwowoński>{{cite book |title=Flota spod Biało-Czerwonej |trans-title=Fleet from under White and Red |language=Polish |publisher=Nasza Księgarnia |isbn=978-83-100-8902-1 |edition=Wyd. 1|first=Jan |last=Piwowoński}}</ref>
The ship was built in 1939 as ''Doğu'' at the [[Blohm+Voss|Blohm und Voss]] shipyard in [[Hamburg]] for the [[Turkey|Turkish]] government organisations [[Denizbank]] and [[Turkish Maritime Organization|Denizyollari Idaresi]].<ref name="LR1939">{{cite journal |title=Lloyd's Register: Steamers and Motorships |date=1939 |publisher=Lloyd's of London |journal=Lloyd's Register of Shipping |location=London |url=https://plimsoll.southampton.gov.uk/shipdata/pdfs/39/39b0251.pdf |accessdate=24 June 2020}}</ref> Yard Number 520, ''Doğu'' was launched on 15 March 1939, the first of three [[sister ships]], the others being ''Egemen'' and ''Savas'', and completed on 31 August.<ref name=Fleetphoto>{{cite web |url=https://fleetphoto.ru/vessel/3528/|title=Пётр Великий |trans-title=Pyotr Velikiy |language=Russian |publisher=Fleetphoto |accessdate=25 June 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.miramarshipindex.nz/ship/yard?link=1403&page=12 |title=Blohm & Voss|website=Miramar Ship Index (subscription) |publisher=R B Haworth |accessdate=24 June 2020 |location=Wellington, New Zealand}}</ref> The ship had not been commissioned when war broke out in September 1939, was taken over by Germany, with [[Deutsche Afrika-Linien]] appointed managers, and renamed ''Lüderitzbucht''.<ref name="Mitchell&Sawyer">{{cite book |last1=Mitchell |first1=W H |last2=Sawyer |first2=L A |title=The Empire Ships : a record of British-built and acquired merchant ships during the Second World War |date=1990 |publisher=Lloyd's of London Press |location=London |isbn=1-85044-275-4 |pages=463–465 |edition=2nd}}</ref> In 1940 the ship was taken over by the [[Kriegsmarine]], who used it as a residential hulk at [[Flensburg]], renaming it ''Duala'' in early 1945.<ref name="Mitchell&Sawyer" /><ref name=Piwowoński>{{cite book |title=Flota spod Biało-Czerwonej |trans-title=Fleet from under White and Red |language=Polish |publisher=Nasza Księgarnia |isbn=978-83-100-8902-1 |edition=Wyd. 1|first=Jan |last=Piwowoński}}</ref>
[[File:Odessza, Ukrajna 1964. A Petr Velikij személyszállító hajó a kikötőben. Fortepan 75212.jpg|thumb|left|''Pyotr Velikiy'' at Odessa in 1964]]
[[File:Odessza, Ukrajna 1964. A Petr Velikij személyszállító hajó a kikötőben. Fortepan 75212.jpg|thumb|left|''Pyotr Velikiy'' at Odessa in 1964]]
Still moored at Flensburg in May 1945, ''Duala'' was taken as [[Prize (law)|prize]] by British forces and transferred to the [[Ministry of War Transport]] under the name ''Empire Ock''.<ref name="Mitchell&Sawyer" /> The United Kingdom Official Number 180588 and [[code letters]] GJZD were allocated. The ship's port of registry was [[London]] and it was operated under the management of City Line Ltd.<ref name=Ock45/> In the following year ''Empire Ock'' was allocated to the Soviet Union as part of German war reparations. It was given the name ''Pyotr Velikiy'' ([[Russian language|Russian]]: "Пётр Великий", ''[[Peter the Great]]'') and registered at [[Leningrad]] to the [[Ministry of the Maritime Fleet]].<ref name="Fleetphoto" /><ref name="Mitchell&Sawyer" />{{refn|group=nb|Transliterations of the Russian name differ between sources, include also ''Petr Velikiy''<ref name="Mitchell&Sawyer" />, ''Peotr Veliki''<ref name="LR1945a">{{cite journal |title=Lloyd's Register: Steamers and Motorships |date=1945 |publisher=Lloyd's Register of Shipping |location=London |url=https://plimsoll.southampton.gov.uk/shipdata/pdfs/45/45a1274.pdf |accessdate=25 June 2020}}</ref> and ''Petr Veliky''<ref name="Wilson" />}} The conversion back to a passenger ship proved to be too expensive,{{Citation needed|date=July 2020}} so in 1947 it was given to Poland.<ref name="Wilson">{{cite book |last1=Wilson |first1=Edward A |title=Soviet passenger ships, 1917-1977 |date=1978 |publisher=World Ship Society |location=Kendal |isbn=0-905617-04-5 |pages=38, 65}}</ref>
Still moored at Flensburg in May 1945, ''Duala'' was taken as [[Prize (law)|prize]] by British forces and transferred to the [[Ministry of War Transport]] under the name ''Empire Ock''.<ref name="Mitchell&Sawyer" /> The United Kingdom [[Official Number]] 180588 and [[code letters]] GJZD were allocated. The ship's port of registry was [[London]] and it was operated under the management of City Line Ltd.<ref name=Ock45/> In the following year ''Empire Ock'' was allocated to the Soviet Union as part of German war reparations. It was given the name ''Pyotr Velikiy'' ([[Russian language|Russian]]: "Пётр Великий", ''[[Peter the Great]]'') and registered at [[Leningrad]] to the [[Ministry of the Maritime Fleet]].<ref name="Fleetphoto" /><ref name="Mitchell&Sawyer" />{{refn|group=nb|Transliterations of the Russian name differ between sources, include also ''Petr Velikiy'',<ref name="Mitchell&Sawyer" /> ''Peotr Veliki''<ref name="LR1945a">{{cite journal |title=Lloyd's Register: Steamers and Motorships |date=1945 |publisher=Lloyd's Register of Shipping |location=London |url=https://plimsoll.southampton.gov.uk/shipdata/pdfs/45/45a1274.pdf |accessdate=25 June 2020}}</ref> and ''Petr Veliky''<ref name="Wilson" />}} The conversion back to a passenger ship proved to be too expensive,{{Citation needed|date=July 2020}} so in 1947 it was given to Poland.<ref name="Wilson">{{cite book |last1=Wilson |first1=Edward A |title=Soviet passenger ships, 1917-1977 |date=1978 |publisher=World Ship Society |location=Kendal |isbn=0-905617-04-5 |pages=38, 65}}</ref>


After a year-long renovation in the Genoa shipyard, the ship was given the name ''Jagiełło'' and ''[[Gdynia-America Line]]'' colours, but never came to [[Gdynia]]. It was the only large passenger ship from the Blohm & Voss shipyard, operated under the Polish flag. For a year she sailed, in cooperation with the Italian shipowner company Cosulich and with a largely Italian crew (only a few officers and specialists were Polish), on the Genoa-Central America-Cuba-Lisbon route.<ref name="Wilson" /> Due to the unprofitable nature of the venture, the ship returned (probably free of charge) to the Soviet flag and to the name ''Pyotr Velikiy'' in 1949.<ref name=Polvnic/><ref name="Piwowoński" /> It was owned by [[Black Sea Shipping Company]], registered at [[Odessa]], with the Soviet Register number M-2381 and code letters UVSA.<ref name="Fleetphoto" />
After a year-long renovation in the Genoa shipyard, the ship was given the name ''Jagiełło'' and ''[[Gdynia-America Line]]'' colours, but never came to [[Gdynia]]. It was the only large passenger ship from the Blohm & Voss shipyard, operated under the Polish flag. For a year she sailed, in cooperation with the Italian shipowner company Cosulich and with a largely Italian crew (only a few officers and specialists were Polish), on the Genoa-Central America-Cuba-Lisbon route.<ref name="Wilson" /> Due to the unprofitable nature of the venture, the ship returned (probably free of charge) to the Soviet flag and to the name ''Pyotr Velikiy'' in 1949.<ref name=Polvnic/><ref name="Piwowoński" /> It was owned by [[Black Sea Shipping Company]], registered at [[Odessa]], with the Soviet Register number M-2381 and code letters UVSA.<ref name="Fleetphoto" />


''Pyotr Velikiy'' was operated (alongside ''Gruziya'', formerly the Polish [[MS Sobieski|MS ''Sobieski'']]), on [[Black Sea]] passenger routes, principally between Odessa, [[Sochi]] and [[Batumi]].<ref name="Piwowoński" /><ref name="Wilson" /> The ship was withdrawn from service and arrived for demolition by I M Varela Davalillo at [[Castellón de la Plana]], Spain on 20 November 1973.<ref name=Fleetphoto/><ref name="Miramar5276185">{{cite web |title=Single Ship Report for "5276185" |url=https://www.miramarshipindex.nz/ship/5276185 |website=Miramar Ship Index (subscription) |publisher=R B Haworth |accessdate=25 June 2020}}</ref>
''Pyotr Velikiy'' was operated (alongside ''Gruziya'', formerly the Polish [[MS Sobieski|MS ''Sobieski'']]), on [[Black Sea]] passenger routes, principally between Odessa, [[Sochi]] and [[Batumi]].<ref name="Piwowoński" /><ref name="Wilson" /> The ship was withdrawn from service and arrived for demolition by I M Varela Davalillo at [[Castellón de la Plana]], Spain on 20 November 1973.<ref name=Fleetphoto/><ref name="Miramar5276185">{{cite web |title=Single Ship Report for "5276185" |url=https://www.miramarshipindex.nz/ship/5276185 |website=Miramar Ship Index (subscription) |publisher=R B Haworth |accessdate=25 June 2020}}</ref>
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==Notes==
==Notes==
{{reflist|group=nb}}
{{reflist|group=nb}}

==References==
==References==
{{Reflist}}
{{Reflist}}


{{Empire O ships}}
{{Empire ships}}
{{Gdynia America Line}}
⚫
{{DEFAULTSORT:Jagiełło}}


⚫
{{DEFAULTSORT:Jagiełło}}
[[Category:1939 ships]]
[[Category:1939 ships]]
[[Category:Ships built in Hamburg]]
[[Category:Ships built in Hamburg]]
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[[Category:Passenger ships of Poland]]
[[Category:Passenger ships of Poland]]
[[Category:Steamships of Poland]]
[[Category:Steamships of Poland]]
[[Category:Ships of the Gdynia-America Line]]
[[Category:Ships of Black Sea Shipping Company]]

Latest revision as of 09:26, 20 March 2024

SS Jagiełło arriving in Havana, 1948
History
Name
  • Doğu (1939)
  • Lüderitzbucht (1939-45)
  • Duala (1945)
  • Empire Ock (1945-46)
  • Pyotr Velikiy (1946-48)
  • Jagiełło (1948-49)
  • Pyotr Velikiy (1949-73)
Owner
  • German Government (1939-40)
  • Kriegsmarine (1940-45)
  • Ministry of War Transport (1945-46)
  • Soviet Ministry of the Maritime Fleet (1946-47)
  • Gdynia-America Line (1947-49)
  • Black Sea Shipping Company (1949-73)
Operator
  • Deutsche-Afrika Linien (1939-40)
  • Kriegsmarine (1940-45)
  • City Line Ltd (1945-46)
  • Soviet Ministry of the Maritime Fleet (1946-47)
  • Cosulich (1947-49)
  • Black Sea Shipping Company (1949-73)
Port of registry
BuilderBlohm+Voss
Yard number520
Launched15 March 1939
Completed31 August 1939
Out of service20 November 1973
Identification
  • United Kingdom Official Number 180588 (1945-46)
  • Code Letters GJZR (1945-46)
  • Soviet Register Number M-2381 (1946-47, 1949-73)
  • Code Letters UVSA (1949-73)
FateScrapped
General characteristics
TypePassenger-cargo
Tonnage6,133 GRT, 3,139 NRT
Length117.25 metres (384 ft 8 in)
Beam15.98 metres (52 ft 5 in)
Depth6.22 metres (20 ft 5 in)
Installed powertwo 3-cylinder triple expansion steam engines
PropulsionTwin screw propellers
Speed15 knots (28 km/h)

Jagiełło was a medium-sized passenger-cargo ship, sailing under the Polish flag between 1948 and 1949, and then decommissioned due to unprofitable and post-war political conditions, which were not conducive to the development of the Polish passenger fleet, and then transferred to the Soviet Union as Pyotr Velikiy, operating Black Sea passenger services until 1973. The ship had been built by Blohm & Voss for Turkish operators, taken over after completion by the German government. After World War 2 it taken over by the British and then the Soviet Government.

Description

[edit]

The ship was 117.25 metres (384 ft 8 in) long, with a beam of 15.98 metres (52 ft 5 in) and a depth of 6.22 metres (20 ft 5 in). She was assessed at 6,133 GRT, 3,139 NRT.[1]

The ship was powered by two 3-cylinder triple expansion steam engines, which each had cylinders of 60 centimetres (23+1⁄2 in), 90 centimetres (35+7⁄16 in) and 159 centimetres (62+5⁄8 in) diameter by 100 centimetres (39+3⁄8 in) stroke. The engines drove twin screw propellers via low pressure turbines and a double reduction drive. Built by Blohm+Voss,[1] they could propel the ship at 15 knots (28 km/h).[2]

History

[edit]

The ship was built in 1939 as Doğu at the Blohm und Voss shipyard in Hamburg for the Turkish government organisations Denizbank and Denizyollari Idaresi.[3] Yard Number 520, Doğu was launched on 15 March 1939, the first of three sister ships, the others being Egemen and Savas, and completed on 31 August.[4][5] The ship had not been commissioned when war broke out in September 1939, was taken over by Germany, with Deutsche Afrika-Linien appointed managers, and renamed Lüderitzbucht.[6] In 1940 the ship was taken over by the Kriegsmarine, who used it as a residential hulk at Flensburg, renaming it Duala in early 1945.[6][7]

Pyotr Velikiy at Odessa in 1964

Still moored at Flensburg in May 1945, Duala was taken as prize by British forces and transferred to the Ministry of War Transport under the name Empire Ock.[6] The United Kingdom Official Number 180588 and code letters GJZD were allocated. The ship's port of registry was London and it was operated under the management of City Line Ltd.[1] In the following year Empire Ock was allocated to the Soviet Union as part of German war reparations. It was given the name Pyotr Velikiy (Russian: "Пётр Великий", Peter the Great) and registered at Leningrad to the Ministry of the Maritime Fleet.[4][6][nb 1] The conversion back to a passenger ship proved to be too expensive,[citation needed] so in 1947 it was given to Poland.[9]

After a year-long renovation in the Genoa shipyard, the ship was given the name Jagiełło and Gdynia-America Line colours, but never came to Gdynia. It was the only large passenger ship from the Blohm & Voss shipyard, operated under the Polish flag. For a year she sailed, in cooperation with the Italian shipowner company Cosulich and with a largely Italian crew (only a few officers and specialists were Polish), on the Genoa-Central America-Cuba-Lisbon route.[9] Due to the unprofitable nature of the venture, the ship returned (probably free of charge) to the Soviet flag and to the name Pyotr Velikiy in 1949.[2][7] It was owned by Black Sea Shipping Company, registered at Odessa, with the Soviet Register number M-2381 and code letters UVSA.[4]

Pyotr Velikiy was operated (alongside Gruziya, formerly the Polish MS Sobieski), on Black Sea passenger routes, principally between Odessa, Sochi and Batumi.[7][9] The ship was withdrawn from service and arrived for demolition by I M Varela Davalillo at Castellón de la Plana, Spain on 20 November 1973.[4][10]

Notes

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  1. ^ Transliterations of the Russian name differ between sources, include also Petr Velikiy,[6] Peotr Veliki[8] and Petr Veliky[9]

References

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  1. ^ a b c "Lloyd's Register, Navires a Vapeur et a Moteurs" (PDF). Lloyd's Register. London: Lloyd's of London. 1945. Retrieved 24 June 2020.
  2. ^ a b "Черное море. Белый пароход. (Окончание)" [Black Sea, White Steamer (Ending)] (in Russian). Polvnic. 25 October 2011. Retrieved 24 June 2020.
  3. ^ "Lloyd's Register: Steamers and Motorships" (PDF). Lloyd's Register of Shipping. London: Lloyd's of London. 1939. Retrieved 24 June 2020.
  4. ^ a b c d "Пётр Великий" [Pyotr Velikiy] (in Russian). Fleetphoto. Retrieved 25 June 2020.
  5. ^ "Blohm & Voss". Miramar Ship Index (subscription). Wellington, New Zealand: R B Haworth. Retrieved 24 June 2020.
  6. ^ a b c d e Mitchell, W H; Sawyer, L A (1990). The Empire Ships : a record of British-built and acquired merchant ships during the Second World War (2nd ed.). London: Lloyd's of London Press. pp. 463–465. ISBN 1-85044-275-4.
  7. ^ a b c Piwowoński, Jan. Flota spod Biało-Czerwonej [Fleet from under White and Red] (in Polish) (Wyd. 1 ed.). Nasza Księgarnia. ISBN 978-83-100-8902-1.
  8. ^ "Lloyd's Register: Steamers and Motorships" (PDF). London: Lloyd's Register of Shipping. 1945. Retrieved 25 June 2020. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  9. ^ a b c d Wilson, Edward A (1978). Soviet passenger ships, 1917-1977. Kendal: World Ship Society. pp. 38, 65. ISBN 0-905617-04-5.
  10. ^ "Single Ship Report for "5276185"". Miramar Ship Index (subscription). R B Haworth. Retrieved 25 June 2020.
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