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Mezen (river): Difference between revisions

Coordinates: 65°59′10″N 44°03′45″E / 65.98611°N 44.06250°E / 65.98611; 44.06250
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| subdivision_type1 = Country
| subdivision_type1 = Country
| subdivision_name1 =[[Russia]]
| subdivision_name1 =[[Russia]]
| length ={{convert|857|km|mi|0|abbr=on}}<ref name="GSE">{{cite book|title=Мезень (река) |url=http://bse.sci-lib.com/article075120.html |publisher=Great Soviet Encyclopedia |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/60p5X6uln?url=http://bse.sci-lib.com/article075120.html |archivedate=August 10, 2011 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
| length ={{convert|857|km|mi|0|abbr=on}}<ref name="GSE">{{cite book|title=Мезень (река) |url=http://bse.sci-lib.com/article075120.html |publisher=Great Soviet Encyclopedia |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120919015604/http://bse.sci-lib.com/article075120.html |archivedate=September 19, 2012 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
| source1_elevation =
| source1_elevation =
| mouth_elevation = {{convert|0|m|ft|abbr=on}}
| mouth_elevation = {{convert|0|m|ft|abbr=on}}
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| map_caption = The river basin of the Mezen
| map_caption = The river basin of the Mezen
}}
}}
The '''Mezen''' ({{lang-ru|Мезень}}) is a river in [[Udorsky District]] of the [[Komi Republic]] and in [[Leshukonsky District|Leshukonsky]] and [[Mezensky District]]s of [[Arkhangelsk Oblast]] in [[Russia]]. Its mouth is located in the [[Mezen Bay]] of the [[White Sea]]. Mezen is one of the biggest rivers of European Russia. It is {{convert|857|km|mi}} long, and the area of its basin {{convert|78000|km2|sqmi}}. The principal [[tributary|tributaries]] of the Mezen are the [[Bolshaya Loptyuga]] (left), the [[Pyssa]] (left), the [[Mezenskaya Pizhma]] (right), the [[Sula (Mezen)|Sula]] (right), the [[Kyma (river)|Kyma]] (right), the [[Vashka]] (left), the [[Pyoza]] (right), and the [[Kimzha (river)|Kimzha]] (left).
The '''Mezen''' ({{lang-ru|Мезень}}; [[Komi language|Komi]]: <span lang="kv" dir="ltr">Мозын, ''Mozy''</span>''n'') is a river in [[Udorsky District]] of the [[Komi Republic]] and in [[Leshukonsky District|Leshukonsky]] and [[Mezensky District]]s of [[Arkhangelsk Oblast]] in [[Russia]]. Its mouth is located in the [[Mezen Bay]] of the [[White Sea]]. Mezen is one of the biggest rivers of European Russia. It is {{convert|857|km|mi}} long, and the area of its basin {{convert|78000|km2|sqmi}}. The principal [[tributary|tributaries]] of the Mezen are the [[Bolshaya Loptyuga]] (left), the [[Pyssa]] (left), the [[Mezenskaya Pizhma]] (right), the [[Sula (Mezen)|Sula]] (right), the [[Kyma (river)|Kyma]] (right), the [[Vashka]] (left), the [[Pyoza]] (right), and the [[Kimzha (river)|Kimzha]] (left).


The river basin of the Mezen comprises vast areas in the east and north-east of Arkhangelsk Oblast and in the west of the Komi Republic. The town of [[Mezen, Mezensky District, Arkhangelsk Oblast|Mezen]], the [[types of inhabited localities in Russia|urban type settlement]]s of [[Usogorsk]] and [[Kamenka, Arkhangelsk Oblast|Kamenka]], as well as the administrative center of Udorsky District, the [[types of inhabited localities in Russia|selo]] of [[Koslan]] all are located on the banks of the Mezen. The administrative center of Leshukonsky District, the selo of [[Leshukonskoye]], is located on the Vashka River several kilometers upstream from the confluence of the Vashka and the Mezen and is connected with the right bank of the Mezen by a ferry crossing.
The river basin of the Mezen comprises vast areas in the east and north-east of Arkhangelsk Oblast and in the west of the Komi Republic. The town of [[Mezen, Mezensky District, Arkhangelsk Oblast|Mezen]], the [[types of inhabited localities in Russia|urban type settlement]]s of [[Usogorsk]] and [[Kamenka, Arkhangelsk Oblast|Kamenka]], as well as the administrative center of Udorsky District, the [[types of inhabited localities in Russia|selo]] of [[Koslan]] all are located on the banks of the Mezen. The administrative center of Leshukonsky District, the selo of [[Leshukonskoye]], is located on the Vashka River several kilometers upstream from the confluence of the Vashka and the Mezen and is connected with the right bank of the Mezen by a ferry crossing.
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==History==
==History==
The area was originally populated by [[Finnic peoples (disambiguation)|Finnic peoples]] and then colonized by the [[Novgorod Republic]]. In the 13th century the Novgorod merchants already reached the [[White Sea]]. The Mezen was used by Novgorod merchants as the trading route to the basin of the [[Pechora River|Pechora]] which was attractive because of the fur. From the Northern Dvina, they went upstream the [[Pinega (river)|Pinega]] and took the boats by land to the [[Kuloy (White Sea)|Kuloy]]. The boats then were taken from the Kuloy to the Mezen.<ref name="Plechko">{{cite book|last=Плечко|first= Л.А.|script-title=ru:Старинные водные пути|url=http://www.skitalets.ru/books/star_puti/|year=1985|publisher=Физкультура и спорт|location=Moscow|language=Russian}}</ref> The river route continued east up the Pyoza, portage, and down the [[Tsilma River|Tsilma]] to the Pechora.
The area was populated by [[Finnic peoples]] and then colonized by the [[Novgorod Republic]]. In the 13th century the Novgorod merchants already reached the [[White Sea]]. The Mezen was used by Novgorod merchants as the trading route to the basin of the [[Pechora River|Pechora]] which was attractive because of the fur. From the Northern Dvina, they went upstream the [[Pinega (river)|Pinega]] and took the boats by land to the [[Kuloy (White Sea)|Kuloy]]. The boats then were taken from the Kuloy to the Mezen.<ref name="Plechko">{{cite book|last=Плечко|first= Л.А.|script-title=ru:Старинные водные пути|url=http://www.skitalets.ru/books/star_puti/|year=1985|publisher=Физкультура и спорт|location=Moscow|language=Russian}}</ref> The river route continued east up the Pyoza, portage, and down the [[Tsilma River|Tsilma]] to the Pechora.


Another route went from the Northern Dvina upstream the [[Pukshenga]], then moved to the [[Pokshenga]] and downstream to the Pinega. From the Pinega, the merchants used the [[Yozhuga]], the [[Zyryanskaya Vashka]], and the [[Vashka]] to get to the Mezen.<ref name="Plechko"/>
Another route went from the Northern Dvina upstream the [[Pukshenga]], then moved to the [[Pokshenga]] and downstream to the Pinega. From the Pinega, the merchants used the [[Yozhuga]], the [[Zyryanskaya Vashka]], and the [[Vashka]] to get to the Mezen.<ref name="Plechko"/>
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*{{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=162678|script-title=ru:Река МЕЗЕНЬ|publisher=State Water Register of Russia|language=Russian|accessdate=8 August 2011}}
*{{cite web|url=http://textual.ru/gvr/index.php?card=162678|script-title=ru:Река МЕЗЕНЬ|publisher=State Water Register of Russia|language=Russian|accessdate=8 August 2011}}


{{Rivers of Russia}}
{{Authority control}}
{{Authority control}}
[[Category:Rivers of the Komi Republic]]
[[Category:Rivers of the Komi Republic]]

Latest revision as of 01:50, 24 March 2024

Mezen
Russian: Мезень
The river basin of the Mezen
Standort
LandRussland
Physical characteristics
MouthMezen Bay, White Sea
 • coordinates
65°59′10″N 44°03′45″E / 65.98611°N 44.06250°E / 65.98611; 44.06250
 • elevation
0 m (0 ft)
Length857 km (533 mi)[1]
Basin size78,000 square kilometres (30,000 sq mi)[1]
Discharge 
 • average886 cubic metres per second (31,300 cu ft/s)[1]

The Mezen (Russian: Мезень; Komi: Мозын, Mozyn) is a river in Udorsky District of the Komi Republic and in Leshukonsky and Mezensky Districts of Arkhangelsk Oblast in Russia. Its mouth is located in the Mezen Bay of the White Sea. Mezen is one of the biggest rivers of European Russia. It is 857 kilometres (533 mi) long, and the area of its basin 78,000 square kilometres (30,000 sq mi). The principal tributaries of the Mezen are the Bolshaya Loptyuga (left), the Pyssa (left), the Mezenskaya Pizhma (right), the Sula (right), the Kyma (right), the Vashka (left), the Pyoza (right), and the Kimzha (left).

The river basin of the Mezen comprises vast areas in the east and north-east of Arkhangelsk Oblast and in the west of the Komi Republic. The town of Mezen, the urban type settlements of Usogorsk and Kamenka, as well as the administrative center of Udorsky District, the selo of Koslan all are located on the banks of the Mezen. The administrative center of Leshukonsky District, the selo of Leshukonskoye, is located on the Vashka River several kilometers upstream from the confluence of the Vashka and the Mezen and is connected with the right bank of the Mezen by a ferry crossing.

The source of the Mezen is in the Timan Ridge in the Komi Republic, west of the northern Ural Mountains. It flows first south-west, then sharply turns roughly in the north-western direction. The upper course of the Mezen runs through the hilly landscape. The Mezen flows into the Mezen Bay of the White Sea near the town of Mezen, right below the Arctic Circle. Near its mouth, the Pyoza River enters from the east.

The Mezen is navigable below the selo of Koslan, however, there is no regular passenger navigation except for ferry crossings.

History

[edit]

The area was populated by Finnic peoples and then colonized by the Novgorod Republic. In the 13th century the Novgorod merchants already reached the White Sea. The Mezen was used by Novgorod merchants as the trading route to the basin of the Pechora which was attractive because of the fur. From the Northern Dvina, they went upstream the Pinega and took the boats by land to the Kuloy. The boats then were taken from the Kuloy to the Mezen.[2] The river route continued east up the Pyoza, portage, and down the Tsilma to the Pechora.

Another route went from the Northern Dvina upstream the Pukshenga, then moved to the Pokshenga and downstream to the Pinega. From the Pinega, the merchants used the Yozhuga, the Zyryanskaya Vashka, and the Vashka to get to the Mezen.[2]

After the fall of Novgorod, the area became a part of the Grand Duchy of Moscow. The first permanent Russian settlements on the Mezen River are mentioned during the 16th century: Yuroma (1513) and Koynas (1554).[3] The middle course of the Mezen, approximately the current area of Leshukonsky District, was where Russian and Komi cultures mixed the most. In the lower course of the Mezen, currently Mezensky District, Russians dominated, whereas in the upper course, currently Udorsky District, Komi dominated.[4]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b c Мезень (река). Great Soviet Encyclopedia. Archived from the original on September 19, 2012.
  2. ^ a b Плечко, Л.А. (1985). Старинные водные пути (in Russian). Moscow: Физкультура и спорт.
  3. ^ ЛЕШУКОНСКИЙ РАЙОН (in Russian). Лешуконский муниципальный район. Retrieved 1 August 2011.
  4. ^ Иванова, Т. Г. (2003). К истории региона. Былины Мезени: Север Европейской России. Былины (Свод русского фольклора). Vol. 25. Saint-Petersburg: Наука. pp. 7–11. Retrieved 5 August 2011.
[edit]
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