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Shimgo, or Shishirotsava^[1] is a spring festival celebrated in the Indian state of Goa, where it is one of the major festivals of the Hindu community. It is also celebrated by Konkani diaspora and Indian festival of Holi is part of it.

Etymology

The Konkani word śigmō comes from the Prakrit word suggimaho which in turn is derived from the Sanskrit word sugrīṣmaka.^[2]

Shigmo now

In recent years the state government has supported public Shigmo parades consisting of traditional folk and street dancers and elaborately built floats depicting scenes from regional mythology and religious scenes. Meanwhile, Shigmo festivals also continue in various rural parts of Goa, spanning over a fortnight, with different days earmarked for celebrations in different areas. This festival is celebrated around March each year. It is linked to the Hindu lunar calendar, hence its date according to the Gregorian calendar varies.

Variations

There are two variants of Shigmo festival: Dhakto Shigmo ("small Shigmo") and Vhadlo Shigmo ("big Shigmo").^[1] Dhakto Shigmo is generally celebrated by farmers, the labour class and the rural population, while Vhadlo Shigmo is of greater consequence and is celebrated by everyone together.^[1]

Timing

Dhakto Shigmo begins some five days before the full-moon day of the Indian lunar month of Phalguna and ends on the full-moon day^[3] in the Old Conquests areas of Goa (the areas that were under Portuguese colonial rule for a longer period of time, starting from the sixteenth century). On the other hand, Vhadlo Shigmo is mostly celebrated in the New Conquests areas, beginning on the full-moon day of Phalguna and continuing for five days.

Terminology

Naman are songs sung in chorus during the festival, when villagers assemble at a fixed place. Jot is another kind of song. Dances include Talgadi, Hanpet, Lamp Dance and Gopha. Dhol and Taso are drums, some of which can be huge, which people carry from door to door, dancing to their sound. Money is placed in a plate carried by the performers, in response to which they sing a song called the Tali, wishing the donor well. On the last day of the festival, it is believed that a spirit known as the Gade padap enters the dancers. Mand davarap refers to a collective bath taken after the festival comes to an end.^{[citation needed]}

Folk songs and dances, temple festival

Dhakto Shigmo can be considered mainly as a festival of folk songs and folk dances,^[1] while Vhadlo Shigmo is considered a festival performed in the village temple.^[1] It is celebrated in different temples on different dates around the same period. On the first day, the village deity is bathed and dressed in saffron robes.^[4] After the offering of food, a feast is held.^[4] Shigmo celebrated in the temples of Jambavali,^[5] Phatarpya,^[6] Kansarpal^[4] and Dhargale^{[citation needed]} are very famous in Goa and the neighboring states and attract a large number of devotees and tourists.

Eg folk songs like

शेवते झाडाचो लांबा ताळयो

लांब ताळयो शेवते फुला कळो

References

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e Guṅe, Viṭhṭhala Triṃbaka (1979). Gazetteer of the Union Territory Goa, Daman and Diu: district. Vol. 1. Goa, Daman and Diu (India). Gazetteer Dept. p. 263.
^ "Apabhraṃśa". Koṅkaṇī Śabdasāgara (in Konkani). Vol. 1. p. 126.
^ Gajrani, S. History, Religion and Culture of India. pp. 127–128.
^ ^a ^b ^c Maḍkaikāra, Śrīpādrāva (April 1984). Śrī devī Kālikā (in Marathi). Gomantaka Daivajña Brāhmaṇa Samājotkarṣa Sansthā. pp. 5–78.
^ Bravo da Costa Rodrigues, Maria de Lourdes. Feasts, festivals, and observances of Goa. pp. 43–44.
^ Bravo da Costa Rodrigues, Maria de Lourdes. Feasts, festivals, and observances of Goa. pp. 73–74.

[gsg-1] Guṅe, Viṭhṭhala Triṃbaka (1979). Gazetteer of the Union Territory Goa, Daman and Diu: district. Vol. 1. Goa, Daman and Diu (India). Gazetteer Dept. p. 263.

[2] "Apabhraṃśa". Koṅkaṇī Śabdasāgara (in Konkani). Vol. 1. p. 126.

[3] Gajrani, S. History, Religion and Culture of India. pp. 127–128.

[shig-4] Maḍkaikāra, Śrīpādrāva (April 1984). Śrī devī Kālikā (in Marathi). Gomantaka Daivajña Brāhmaṇa Samājotkarṣa Sansthā. pp. 5–78.

[5] Bravo da Costa Rodrigues, Maria de Lourdes. Feasts, festivals, and observances of Goa. pp. 43–44.

[6] Bravo da Costa Rodrigues, Maria de Lourdes. Feasts, festivals, and observances of Goa. pp. 73–74.

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
+{{Short description|Hindu festival in Goa, India}}
-[[Image:India Goa Shigmo Boy.jpg|222px|right|thumb|Young boy at the Śhimgo]]
+[[File:A boy with aarat.jpg|thumb|468x468px|Young boy at the Shimgo holding aarat]]
-'''Shimgo''' ({{lang-kok|शिमगो}} {{IAST|Śigmō}}) or '''Shishirotsava''',<ref name="gsg">{{cite book|last=Guṅe|first=Viṭhṭhala Triṃbaka|title=Gazetteer of the Union Territory Goa, Daman and Diu: district|publisher=Goa, Daman and Diu (India). Gazetteer Dept|year=1979|volume=1|pages=263}}</ref> is a spring festival celebrated in the Indian state of [[Goa]], where it is one of the major festivals of the [[Hinduism|Hindu]] community. It is also celebrated by [[Konkani people|Konkani diaspora]] and Indian festival of [[Holi]] is part of it.
+'''Shimgo''', or '''Shishirotsava'''<ref name="gsg">{{cite book|last=Guṅe|first=Viṭhṭhala Triṃbaka|title=Gazetteer of the Union Territory Goa, Daman and Diu: district|publisher=Goa, Daman and Diu (India). Gazetteer Dept|year=1979|volume=1|pages=263}}</ref> is a spring festival celebrated in the Indian state of [[Goa]], where it is one of the major festivals of the [[Hinduism|Hindu]] community. It is also celebrated by [[Konkani people|Konkani diaspora]] and Indian festival of [[Holi]] is part of it.
 {{Anchor|Etymology of the Word}}
 ==Etymology==
-The Konkani word ''Śigmō'' comes from the [[Prakrit]] word ''Suggimaho'' and the [[Sanskrit]] ''Sugrishmaka''.<ref>{{cite book|title=Koṅkaṇī Śabdasāgara|volume=1|pages=126|chapter=Apabhraṃśa|language=Konkani}}</ref>
+The Konkani word ''śigmō'' comes from the [[Prakrit]] word ''suggimaho'' which in turn is derived from the [[Sanskrit]] word ''sugrīṣmaka''.<ref>{{cite book|title=Koṅkaṇī Śabdasāgara|volume=1|pages=126|chapter=Apabhraṃśa|language=Konkani}}</ref>
 ==Shigmo now==
@@ Line 18: / Line 19: @@
 ==Terminology==
-''Naman'' are songs sung in chorus during the festival, when villagers assemble at a fixed place. ''Jot'' is another kind of song. Dances include ''Talgadi'', ''Hanpet'', Lamp Dance and ''Gopha''.<ref name="bar">{{cite book|last=Bhaṭṭa|first=S.C|author2=Gopāla K. Bhārgava |title=Land and people of Indian states and union territories in 36 volumes |volume=7|pages=230}}</ref> ''Dhol'' and ''Taso'' are drums, some of which can be huge, which people carry from door to door, dancing to their sound. Money is placed in a plate carried by the performers, in response to which they sing a song called the ''Tali'', wishing the donor well. On the last day of the festival, it is believed that a spirit known as the ''Gade padap'' enters the dancers. ''Mand davarap'' refers to a collective bath taken after the festival comes to an end.
+''Naman'' are songs sung in chorus during the festival, when villagers assemble at a fixed place. ''Jot'' is another kind of song. Dances include ''Talgadi'', ''Hanpet'', Lamp Dance and ''Gopha''. ''Dhol'' and ''Taso'' are drums, some of which can be huge, which people carry from door to door, dancing to their sound. Money is placed in a plate carried by the performers, in response to which they sing a song called the ''Tali'', wishing the donor well. On the last day of the festival, it is believed that a spirit known as the ''Gade padap'' enters the dancers. ''Mand davarap'' refers to a collective bath taken after the festival comes to an end.{{cn|date=July 2020}}
 ==Folk songs and dances, temple festival==
-''Dhakto Shigmo'' can be considered mainly as a festival of folk songs and folk dances,<ref name="gsg"/> while ''Vhadlo Shigmo'' is considered a festival performed in the village temple.<ref name="gsg"/> It is celebrated in different temples on different dates around the same period. On the first day, the village deity is bathed and dressed in saffron robes.<ref name="shig">{{cite book|last=Maḍkaikāra|first=Śrīpādrāva|title=Śrī devī Kālikā|publisher=Gomantaka Daivajña Brāhmaṇa Samājotkarṣa Sansthā|date=April 1984|pages=5–78|language=Marathi}}</ref> After the offering of food, a feast is held.<ref name="shig" /> Shigmo celebrated in the temples of Jambavali,<ref>{{cite book|last=Bravo da Costa Rodrigues|first=Maria de Lourdes|title=Feasts, festivals, and observances of Goa |pages=43–44}}</ref> Phatarpya,<ref>{{cite book|last=Bravo da Costa Rodrigues|first=Maria de Lourdes|title=Feasts, festivals, and observances of Goa |pages=73–74}}</ref> [[Kansarpal]]<ref name="shig" /> and Dhargale<ref name="barr">{{cite book|last=Bhaṭṭa|first=S.C|author2=Gopāla K. Bhārgava |title=Land and people of Indian states and union territories in 36 volumes |volume=7|pages=202}}</ref> are very famous in Goa and the neighboring states and attract a large number of devotees and tourists.
+''Dhakto Shigmo'' can be considered mainly as a festival of folk songs and folk dances,<ref name="gsg"/> while ''Vhadlo Shigmo'' is considered a festival performed in the village temple.<ref name="gsg"/> It is celebrated in different temples on different dates around the same period. On the first day, the village deity is bathed and dressed in saffron robes.<ref name="shig">{{cite book|last=Maḍkaikāra|first=Śrīpādrāva|title=Śrī devī Kālikā|publisher=Gomantaka Daivajña Brāhmaṇa Samājotkarṣa Sansthā|date=April 1984|pages=5–78|language=Marathi}}</ref> After the offering of food, a feast is held.<ref name="shig" /> Shigmo celebrated in the temples of Jambavali,<ref>{{cite book|last=Bravo da Costa Rodrigues|first=Maria de Lourdes|title=Feasts, festivals, and observances of Goa |pages=43–44}}</ref> Phatarpya,<ref>{{cite book|last=Bravo da Costa Rodrigues|first=Maria de Lourdes|title=Feasts, festivals, and observances of Goa |pages=73–74}}</ref> [[Kansarpal]]<ref name="shig" /> and Dhargale{{cn|date=July 2020}} are very famous in Goa and the neighboring states and attract a large number of devotees and tourists.
+Eg folk songs like
+शेवते झाडाचो लांबा ताळयो
+लांब ताळयो शेवते फुला कळो
 ==See also==
 *[[Zatra]]
+*[[Chikhal Kalo]]
 ==References==
 {{reflist}}
-==External links==
-*[http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TYB_Jy7uZjw&feature=related Shigmo procession in Goa]
-*[http://www.goacom.com/culture/religion/shigmo Goacom.com page on the Shigmo festival]
 {{HinduFestivals}}
@@ Line 36: / Line 41: @@
 [[Category:Religious festivals in India]]
 [[Category:Hindu festivals]]
-[[Category:Religion in Goa]]
+[[Category:Hinduism in Goa]]
+[[Category:Festivals in Goa]]
 [[Category:Holi]]
 [[Category:Folk festivals in India]]
+[[Category:Spring festivals in India]]

v t e Festivals in the Hindu calendar
Major festivals	Ayudha Puja Chhath Diwali Durga Puja Ganesh Chaturthi Holi Krishna Janmashtami Maha Shivaratri Navaratri Rama Navami Thaipusam Vijayadashami
Harvest festivals	Bhogi Bihu Lohri Maghi Maghe Sankranti Makar Sankranti Makaravilakku Onam Pongal Pusnâ Shakrain
New year's days	Balipratipada Bohag Bihu Bisu Parba Chaitra Navaratri Cheti Chand Gudi Padwa Mesha Sankranti Mha Puja Jur Sital Navreh Nyepi Pana Sankranti Pahela Baishakh Puthandu Sajibu Nongma Panba Sankranti Ugadi Vaisakhi Vishu
Other festivals	Aadi Perukku Bhaubeej Datta Jayanti Dhanteras Gaura Parva Gowri Habba Hanuman Jayanti Kali Puja Karthika Deepam Karva Chauth Kashmiri Hindu festivals Lakshmi Puja Kumbh Mela Mahalakshmi Vrata Mahamaham Panguni Uthiram Pargat Diwas Raksha Bandhan Ratha-Yatra Savitri Vrata Teej Tulasi Vivaha Vaikasi Visakam
Holy days	Akshaya Tritiya Amalaka Ekadashi Amavasya Ananta Chaturdashi Ashadhi Ekadashi Guru Purnima Kamada Ekadashi Kartik Purnima Naga Panchami Naraka Chaturdashi Narali Purnima Nirjala Ekadashi Pausha Putrada Ekadashi Prabodhini Ekadashi Pradosha Rishi Panchami Sankashti Chaturthi Sharad Purnima Shayani Ekadashi Shravana Putrada Ekadashi Vaikuntha Ekadashi Varuthini Ekadashi Vasant Panchami Vat Purnima
Balinese festivals	Galungan Nyepi
Holy periods	Chaturmasya Pitru Paksha Uttarayana Dakshinayana
Hindu festivals