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{{Refimprove|date=October 2012}}
{{Short description|French OAS assassination teams in Algeria}}{{Refimprove|date=October 2012}}
[[File:Oas logo public.png|thumb|[[Organisation armée secrète|Organisation armée secrète (OAS)]] logo]]
[[File:OAS Flag.svg|thumb|[[Organisation armée secrète|Organisation armée secrète (OAS)]] flag]]
The '''Commando Delta''' organizations were assassination teams under the control of the [[Organisation armée secrète|Organisation armée secrète (OAS)]] in [[Algeria]] during the early 1960s. The teams "interdicted" European neighborhoods by assassinating Muslims who entered. The Commandos Delta were organized by [[Roger Degueldre]] in 1961. The "Delta" signified Degueldre, a sublieutenant who deserted from the [[French Foreign Legion]] in 1961.<ref name="horne1">{{cite book|last=Horne|first=Alistair|title=A Savage War of Peace: Algeria 1954-1962|year=1977–2006|publisher=New York Review of Books|isbn=978-1-59017-218-6|page=483}}</ref>
The '''Commando Delta''' organizations were assassination teams under the control of the [[Organisation armée secrète|Organisation armée secrète (OAS)]] in [[Algeria]] during the early 1960s. The teams "interdicted" European neighborhoods by assassinating Muslims who entered. The Commandos Delta were organized by [[Roger Degueldre]] in 1961. The "Delta" signified Degueldre, a [[lieutenant]] who deserted from the [[French Foreign Legion]] in 1961.<ref name="horne1">{{cite book|last=Horne|first=Alistair|title=A Savage War of Peace: Algeria 1954-1962|year=1977–2006|publisher=New York Review of Books|isbn=978-1-59017-218-6|page=483}}</ref>


The Commandos Delta were also responsible for the assassination of persons considered "soft" or traitors to the cause of [[French Algeria]]. Nevertheless, a certain number of killings were alleged to have been done by the [[Direction générale de la sécurité extérieure]] (DGSE) security forces to discredit the OAS, carried out by the [[Service d'Action Civique]] or the [[Red Hand (Algeria)|Red Hand]]. As a result, it is not possible to clearly define which actions were ascribable to the Commandos Delta in the chaotic situation of the time.
The Commandos Delta were also responsible for the assassination of persons considered "soft" or traitors to the cause of [[French Algeria]]. However, a certain number of killings were alleged to have been done by the [[Service de Documentation Extérieure et de Contre-Espionnage]] (SDECE) security forces to discredit the OAS, carried out by the [[Service d'Action Civique]] or the [[Red Hand (Algeria)|Red Hand]]. As a result, it is not possible to clearly define which actions were ascribable to the Commandos Delta in the chaotic situation of the time.


== Organisation ==
== Organisation ==
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* 4 December 1977: bombing of an Algerian workers' ''foyer'' (lodging) in [[Marange-Silvange]].<ref name="gtd2">{{cite web|title=GTD ID 197712040001|url=http://www.start.umd.edu/gtd/search/IncidentSummary.aspx?gtdid=197712040001|work=Global Terrorism Database|publisher=University of Maryland|accessdate=18 October 2010}}</ref>
* 4 December 1977: bombing of an Algerian workers' ''foyer'' (lodging) in [[Marange-Silvange]].<ref name="gtd2">{{cite web|title=GTD ID 197712040001|url=http://www.start.umd.edu/gtd/search/IncidentSummary.aspx?gtdid=197712040001|work=Global Terrorism Database|publisher=University of Maryland|accessdate=18 October 2010}}</ref>
* 11 December 1977: [[Molotov cocktails]] were used against the [[Adoma|Sonacotra]] ''foyer'' in [[Strasbourg-Meinau]].<ref>[https://bdt.frstrategie.org/cartographie/fiches.php?style=attentat&id=654]{{dead link|date=October 2012}}</ref>
* 11 December 1977: [[Molotov cocktails]] were used against the [[Adoma|Sonacotra]] ''foyer'' in [[Strasbourg-Meinau]].<ref>[https://bdt.frstrategie.org/cartographie/fiches.php?style=attentat&id=654]{{dead link|date=October 2012}}</ref>
* 14 December 1977: attempted Molotov cocktail attack against a Sonocotra ''foyer'' in La Garde.{{Disambiguation needed|date=June 2011}}<ref>[https://bdt.frstrategie.org/cartographie/fiches.php?style=attentat&id=656]{{dead link|date=October 2012}}</ref>
* 14 December 1977: attempted Molotov cocktail attack against a Sonocotra ''foyer'' in La Garde.<ref>[https://bdt.frstrategie.org/cartographie/fiches.php?style=attentat&id=656]{{dead link|date=October 2012}}</ref>
* 27 December 1977: attack against a union hall in [[Cambrai]], resulting in minor damage.<ref>[https://bdt.frstrategie.org/fiche_acte_terroriste.php?nrbc=0&highlight=Delta&id=675]{{dead link|date=October 2012}}</ref>
* 27 December 1977: attack against a union hall in [[Cambrai]], resulting in minor damage.<ref>[https://bdt.frstrategie.org/fiche_acte_terroriste.php?nrbc=0&highlight=Delta&id=675]{{dead link|date=October 2012}}</ref>
* 31 December 1977: bombing of the [[Marcoing]] city hall.<ref>[https://bdt.frstrategie.org/fiche_acte_terroriste.php?nrbc=0&highlight=Delta&id=681]{{dead link|date=October 2012}}</ref>
* 31 December 1977: bombing of the [[Marcoing]] city hall.<ref>[https://bdt.frstrategie.org/fiche_acte_terroriste.php?nrbc=0&highlight=Delta&id=681]{{dead link|date=October 2012}}</ref>
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* 3 March 1981: attempted parcel bomb attack against a director of the [[Le Monde]] newspaper.<ref>[https://bdt.frstrategie.org/fiche_acte_terroriste.php?nrbc=0&highlight=Delta&id=1284]{{dead link|date=October 2012}}</ref>
* 3 March 1981: attempted parcel bomb attack against a director of the [[Le Monde]] newspaper.<ref>[https://bdt.frstrategie.org/fiche_acte_terroriste.php?nrbc=0&highlight=Delta&id=1284]{{dead link|date=October 2012}}</ref>
* 30 September 1983: Commandos Delta claim credit for an attack on the International Forum at the Palais des Congrès in [[Marseille]], 1 dead, 26 injured.<ref>[https://bdt.frstrategie.org/fiche_acte_terroriste.php?nrbc=0&highlight=Delta&id=1449]{{dead link|date=October 2012}}</ref>
* 30 September 1983: Commandos Delta claim credit for an attack on the International Forum at the Palais des Congrès in [[Marseille]], 1 dead, 26 injured.<ref>[https://bdt.frstrategie.org/fiche_acte_terroriste.php?nrbc=0&highlight=Delta&id=1449]{{dead link|date=October 2012}}</ref>

==Sources==
* ''This article incorporates text translated from [[:fr:Commando Delta|the corresponding French Wikipedia article]] as of October 18, 2010''.


== References ==
== References ==
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* Rémi Kauffer, ''OAS : histoire d'une guerre franco-française'', Seuil, 2002
* Rémi Kauffer, ''OAS : histoire d'une guerre franco-française'', Seuil, 2002


[[Category:Organisation de l'armée secrète]]
{{Organisation armée secrète}}

{{authority control}}

[[Category:Organisation armée secrète]]
[[Category:Assassination campaigns]]

Latest revision as of 22:43, 7 April 2024

Organisation armée secrète (OAS) flag

The Commando Delta organizations were assassination teams under the control of the Organisation armée secrète (OAS) in Algeria during the early 1960s. The teams "interdicted" European neighborhoods by assassinating Muslims who entered. The Commandos Delta were organized by Roger Degueldre in 1961. The "Delta" signified Degueldre, a lieutenant who deserted from the French Foreign Legion in 1961.[1]

The Commandos Delta were also responsible for the assassination of persons considered "soft" or traitors to the cause of French Algeria. However, a certain number of killings were alleged to have been done by the Service de Documentation Extérieure et de Contre-Espionnage (SDECE) security forces to discredit the OAS, carried out by the Service d'Action Civique or the Red Hand. As a result, it is not possible to clearly define which actions were ascribable to the Commandos Delta in the chaotic situation of the time.

Organisation

[edit]

The Algerian War

[edit]

The Commandos Delta notably participated in the following actions :

Several thousand murders of Algerians were attributed to the OAS.

Later use of the Commando Delta name

[edit]

The Commando Delta name has been used in more recent times by elements of the French extreme right:

  • November 1977: attack on a communist bookstore in Toulon.
  • 2 December 1977: assassination of Laïd Sebaï of the Amicale des Algériens en Europe ("Friends of Algerians in Europe") in Paris.[3]
  • 4 December 1977: bombing of an Algerian workers' foyer (lodging) in Marange-Silvange.[4]
  • 11 December 1977: Molotov cocktails were used against the Sonacotra foyer in Strasbourg-Meinau.[5]
  • 14 December 1977: attempted Molotov cocktail attack against a Sonocotra foyer in La Garde.[6]
  • 27 December 1977: attack against a union hall in Cambrai, resulting in minor damage.[7]
  • 31 December 1977: bombing of the Marcoing city hall.[8]
  • 14 March 1978: attack on the Amicale des Algériens offices in Toulon.[9]
  • 24 March 1978: attack on a French Communist Party office in Toulon.[10]
  • 4 May 1978: assassination of Henri Curiel in Paris.[11]
  • 7 April 1980: fire set at the door of a militant Communist in Aubervilliers.[12]
  • 7 June 1980: fire set at the house of a Community party member in Aubervilliers.[13][14]
  • 3 March 1981: attempted parcel bomb attack against a director of the Le Monde newspaper.[15]
  • 30 September 1983: Commandos Delta claim credit for an attack on the International Forum at the Palais des Congrès in Marseille, 1 dead, 26 injured.[16]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Horne, Alistair (1977–2006). A Savage War of Peace: Algeria 1954-1962. New York Review of Books. p. 483. ISBN 978-1-59017-218-6.
  2. ^ Yves Courrière, La guerre d'Algérie, tome 4 : Les feux du désespoir, Fayard, 1969
  3. ^ "GTD ID 197712020001". Global Terrorism Database. University of Maryland. Retrieved 18 October 2010.
  4. ^ "GTD ID 197712040001". Global Terrorism Database. University of Maryland. Retrieved 18 October 2010.
  5. ^ [1][dead link]
  6. ^ [2][dead link]
  7. ^ [3][dead link]
  8. ^ [4][dead link]
  9. ^ [5][dead link]
  10. ^ [6][dead link]
  11. ^ "GTD ID 197805050001". Global Terrorism Database. University of Maryland. Retrieved 18 October 2010.
  12. ^ [7][dead link]
  13. ^ Journal officiel du 8 Octobre 1980
  14. ^ [8][dead link]
  15. ^ [9][dead link]
  16. ^ [10][dead link]

Bibliography

[edit]
  • Yves Courrière, La guerre d'Algérie, tome 4 : Les feux du désespoir, Fayard, 1969
  • Arnaud Déroulède, OAS : étude d'une organisation clandestine, Curutchet, 1997
  • Vincent Guibert, Les commandos Delta, Curutchet, 2000
  • Georges Fleury, Histoire secrète de l'O.A.S., Grasset & Fasquelle, 2002
  • Rémi Kauffer, OAS : histoire d'une guerre franco-française, Seuil, 2002
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