Pentaphragma: Difference between revisions
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{{Short description|Genus of flowering plants}} |
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{{taxobox |
{{automatic taxobox |
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|name = Pentaphragmaceae |
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|image = Pentaphragma begoniaefolium.jpg |
|image = Pentaphragma begoniaefolium.jpg |
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|image_caption = ''Pentaphragma begoniaefolium'' |
|image_caption = ''[[Pentaphragma begoniaefolium]]'' |
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|parent_authority = [[Jacob Georg Agardh|J.Agardh]]<ref name=APGIII2009>{{Cite journal |last=Angiosperm Phylogeny Group |year=2009 |title=An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG III |journal=Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society |volume=161 |issue=2 |pages=105–121 |url=http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1046/j.1095-8339.2003.t01-1-00158.x/pdf | format= PDF |access-date=2013-07-06 |doi=10.1111/j.1095-8339.2009.00996.x |doi-access=free |hdl=10654/18083 |hdl-access=free }}</ref> |
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|regnum = [[Plantae]] |
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|unranked_divisio = [[Angiosperms]] |
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|authority = Wall. ex G.Don |
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|unranked_classis = [[Eudicots]] |
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|unranked_ordo = [[Asterids]] |
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|synonyms = ''Francfleurya'' <small>A.Chev. & Gagnep.</small> |
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|familia = '''Pentaphragmaceae''' |
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|synonyms_ref =<ref>{{cite web |url=http://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:60468925-2#synonyms |title=''Pentaphragma'' Wall. ex A.DC. |author=<!--Not stated--> |date=2017 |website=Plants of the World Online |publisher=Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew |access-date=8 August 2020 }}</ref> |
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'''''Pentaphragma''''' is a genus of flowering plants. ''Pentaphragma'' is the sole genus in '''Pentaphragmataceae''', a [[family (biology)|family]] in the [[order (biology)|order]] [[Asterales]]. These species are fleshy [[herb]]s, with asymmetrical leaf blades. They are found in [[Southeast Asia]]. ''Pentaphragma'' is rayless, but eventually develops rays in at least one of the species studied. This is interpreted as related to secondary woodiness or upright habit within a predominantly herbaceous phylad. The vessel elements of ''Pentaphragma'' have features universally interpreted as primitive in dicotyledons: scalariform perforation plates with numerous bars; pit membrane remnants in perforations; scalariform lateral wall pitting; the genus also has fiber-tracheids with prominently bordered pits. The presence of occasional scalariform perforation plates, often aberrant, in secondary xylem of families of Asterales sensu lato - Campanulaceae, Pentaphragmataceae, Valerianaceae, and even Asteraceae (e.g., certain Lactuceae) - can be attributed to paedomorphosis, extending these plates into secondary xylem from primary xylem. Raylessness in ''Pentaphragma'' can be described in terms of secondary woodiness or paedomorphosis. The fact that fiber-tracheids are shorter than vessel elements in ''Pentaphragma'' is believed related to raylessness also, because some fiber-tracheids are produced from 'potential' ray areas.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Carlquist|first=Sherwin|date=1997-01-01|title=Pentaphragma: A Unique Wood and its Significance|journal=IAWA Journal|language=en|volume=18|issue=1|pages=3–12|doi=10.1163/22941932-90001453|issn=2294-1932}}</ref> |
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The '''Pentaphragmaceae''' is a [[family (biology)|family]] in the [[order (biology)|order]] [[Asterales]]. These species are fleshy [[herb]]s, with asymmetrical leaf blades. They are found in [[Southeast Asia]]. |
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== Species == |
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* ''[[Pentaphragma bicolor]]''<ref name=":0" /> |
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* ''[[Pentaphragma pendula]]''<ref name=":0" /> |
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* ''[[Pentaphragma longisepalum]]''<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /> |
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* ''[[Pentaphragma lambirense]]''<ref name=":1">{{Cite journal|last=Kiew|first=Ruth|date=1990|title=Three New Species of Pentaphragma from Borneo|journal=Kew Bulletin|volume=45|issue=3|pages=545–554|doi=10.2307/4110517|jstor=4110517}}</ref> |
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* ''[[Pentaphragma prostratum]]''<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal|url=http://apps.webofknowledge.com/full_record.do?product=WOS&search_mode=GeneralSearch&qid=119&SID=8F8YjTneTuLAGvjnzRn&page=1&doc=2|title=Two new species of Pentaphragma (Pentaphragmataceae) from Sarawak, Borneo|last=Lin|first=Che-Wei|date=14 November 2016|volume=61|issue=4|journal=Taiwania|pages=355–361|doi=10.6165/tai.2016.61.355|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181110040633/http://apps.webofknowledge.com/full_record.do?product=WOS&search_mode=GeneralSearch&qid=119&SID=8F8YjTneTuLAGvjnzRn&page=1&doc=2|archive-date=November 10, 2018}} [http://tai2.ntu.edu.tw/taiwania/pdf/tai.2016.61.355.pdf Alt URL]</ref><ref name=":1" /> |
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==References== |
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{{Reflist}} |
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==External links== |
==External links== |
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*[http://www.mobot.org/MOBOT/Research/APweb/orders/asteralesweb.htm#Pentaphragmataceae www.mobot.org] |
*[http://www.mobot.org/MOBOT/Research/APweb/orders/asteralesweb.htm#Pentaphragmataceae www.mobot.org] |
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{{Angiosperm families}} |
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{{Taxonbar|from=Q132791}} |
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[[Category:Asterales genera]] |
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[[es:Pentaphragmataceae]] |
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[[fr:Pentaphragmataceae]] |
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[[ko:펜타프라그마과]] |
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[[id:Pentaphragmaceae]] |
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[[nl:Pentaphragmataceae]] |
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[[no:Pentaphragmataceae]] |
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[[pt:Pentaphragmataceae]] |
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[[vi:Họ Rau lưỡi bò]] |
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[[zh:五膜草科]] |
Revision as of 03:12, 8 April 2024
Pentaphragma | |
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![]() | |
Pentaphragma begoniaefolium | |
Scientific classification ![]() | |
Kingdom: | Plantae |
Clade: | Tracheophytes |
Clade: | Angiosperms |
Clade: | Eudicots |
Clade: | Asterids |
Order: | Asterales |
Family: | Pentaphragmataceae J.Agardh[1] |
Genus: | Pentaphragma Wall. ex G.Don |
Species | |
See text | |
Synonyms[2] | |
Francfleurya A.Chev. & Gagnep. |
Pentaphragma is a genus of flowering plants. Pentaphragma is the sole genus in Pentaphragmataceae, a family in the order Asterales. These species are fleshy herbs, with asymmetrical leaf blades. They are found in Southeast Asia. Pentaphragma is rayless, but eventually develops rays in at least one of the species studied. This is interpreted as related to secondary woodiness or upright habit within a predominantly herbaceous phylad. The vessel elements of Pentaphragma have features universally interpreted as primitive in dicotyledons: scalariform perforation plates with numerous bars; pit membrane remnants in perforations; scalariform lateral wall pitting; the genus also has fiber-tracheids with prominently bordered pits. The presence of occasional scalariform perforation plates, often aberrant, in secondary xylem of families of Asterales sensu lato - Campanulaceae, Pentaphragmataceae, Valerianaceae, and even Asteraceae (e.g., certain Lactuceae) - can be attributed to paedomorphosis, extending these plates into secondary xylem from primary xylem. Raylessness in Pentaphragma can be described in terms of secondary woodiness or paedomorphosis. The fact that fiber-tracheids are shorter than vessel elements in Pentaphragma is believed related to raylessness also, because some fiber-tracheids are produced from 'potential' ray areas.[3]
Species
- Pentaphragma bicolor[4]
- Pentaphragma pendula[4]
- Pentaphragma longisepalum[4][5]
- Pentaphragma lambirense[5]
- Pentaphragma prostratum[4][5]
References
- ^ Angiosperm Phylogeny Group (2009). "An update of the Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification for the orders and families of flowering plants: APG III" (PDF). Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society. 161 (2): 105–121. doi:10.1111/j.1095-8339.2009.00996.x. hdl:10654/18083. Retrieved 2013-07-06.
- ^ "Pentaphragma Wall. ex A.DC". Plants of the World Online. Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. 2017. Retrieved 8 August 2020.
- ^ Carlquist, Sherwin (1997-01-01). "Pentaphragma: A Unique Wood and its Significance". IAWA Journal. 18 (1): 3–12. doi:10.1163/22941932-90001453. ISSN 2294-1932.
- ^ a b c d Lin, Che-Wei (14 November 2016). "Two new species of Pentaphragma (Pentaphragmataceae) from Sarawak, Borneo". Taiwania. 61 (4): 355–361. doi:10.6165/tai.2016.61.355. Archived from the original on November 10, 2018. Alt URL
- ^ a b c Kiew, Ruth (1990). "Three New Species of Pentaphragma from Borneo". Kew Bulletin. 45 (3): 545–554. doi:10.2307/4110517. JSTOR 4110517.
External links