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{{Short description|Series of international collegiate football games}}
The '''Ivy Bowl''' (also known as the '''Epson Ivy Bowl''') was an international college football game played between an [[United States|American]], 43-man all-star team (composed of only [[Ivy League]] players) versus a team of college all-stars from [[Japan]].<ref name=HIST>{{cite web|last =|first =|authorlink =|coauthors =|title =Ivy League History|work =|publisher =Ivysport|year =2009|url =http://www.ivysport.com/history.php|format =|accessdate =1 November 2009|deadurl =yes|archiveurl =https://web.archive.org/web/20080830050623/http://www.ivysport.com/history.php|archivedate =30 August 2008|df =}}</ref> The first Epson Ivy Bowl occurred on January 8, 1989, and the final game occurred at the conclusion of the [[1996 NCAA Division I-AA football season]].<ref name=HIST/> The United States won every match-up. The wins, because they were not between two [[NCAA]]-affiliated schools and some of the years were mixed school (all-star) teams<ref>http://www.thecrimson.com/article/1989/12/8/seven-gridders-are-japan-bound-for-unsanctioned/?print=1</ref><ref>{{cite news| url=https://www.nytimes.com/1990/12/21/sports/ivy-team-prepares-for-game-in-japan.html?pagewanted=print | work=The New York Times | title=Ivy Team Prepares For Game in Japan | date=21 December 1990}}</ref><ref>{{cite news| url=https://www.nytimes.com/1989/12/24/sports/results-plus-464289.html?scp=1&sq=ivy&st=nyt&pagewanted=print | work=The New York Times | title=Results Plus | date=24 December 1989}}</ref><ref>''Ivy gridders find Japan has a yen for their style''. By Bob Dick. The Providence Journal. December 12, 1989.</ref> do not count toward official win-loss records.
The '''Ivy Bowl''' (also known as the '''Epson Ivy Bowl''') was an international college football game played between an [[United States|American]], 43-man all-star team (composed of only [[Ivy League]] players) versus a team of college all-stars from [[Japan]].<ref name=HIST>{{cite web|title =Ivy League History|publisher =Ivysport|year =2009|url =http://www.ivysport.com/history.php|access-date =1 November 2009|url-status =dead|archive-url =https://web.archive.org/web/20080830050623/http://www.ivysport.com/history.php|archive-date =30 August 2008}}</ref> The first Epson Ivy Bowl occurred on January 8, 1989, and the final game occurred at the conclusion of the [[1996 NCAA Division I-AA football season]].<ref name=HIST/> The United States won every match-up. The wins, because they were not between two [[NCAA]]-affiliated schools and some of the years were mixed school (all-star) teams<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.thecrimson.com/article/1989/12/8/seven-gridders-are-japan-bound-for-unsanctioned/?print=1|title = Seven Gridders Are Japan-Bound for Unsanctioned Bowl Game &#124; Sports &#124; the Harvard Crimson}}</ref><ref>{{cite news| url=https://www.nytimes.com/1990/12/21/sports/ivy-team-prepares-for-game-in-japan.html?pagewanted=print | work=The New York Times | title=Ivy Team Prepares For Game in Japan | date=21 December 1990}}</ref><ref>{{cite news| url=https://www.nytimes.com/1989/12/24/sports/results-plus-464289.html?scp=1&sq=ivy&st=nyt&pagewanted=print | work=The New York Times | title=Results Plus | date=24 December 1989}}</ref><ref>''Ivy gridders find Japan has a yen for their style''. By Bob Dick. The Providence Journal. December 12, 1989.</ref> do not count toward official win–loss records.


Despite the fact that the [[College of William & Mary]] was not a member of the Ivy League, they were chosen to participate in 1988 and 1992 seasons' Epson Ivy Bowls.<ref>http://www.cfbdatawarehouse.com/data/bowls/bowl_results.php?bowlid=332</ref> Long considered a "public ivy", William & Mary was the only true non-Ivy League school to send players to Japan.
Despite the fact that the [[College of William & Mary]] was not a member of the Ivy League, they were chosen to participate in 1988 and 1992 seasons' Epson Ivy Bowls.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.cfbdatawarehouse.com/data/bowls/bowl_results.php?bowlid=332 |title=Games |access-date=2010-01-02 |archive-date=2010-02-17 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100217102416/http://cfbdatawarehouse.com/data/bowls/bowl_results.php?bowlid=332 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Long considered a "public ivy", William & Mary was the only true non-Ivy League school to send players to Japan.
{{TOC limit}}
{{TOC limit}}

==Game results==
==Game results==
{| class="wikitable sortable"
{| class="wikitable sortable"
Line 8: Line 10:
! Game !! Date !! Winner !! Score !! Loser !! Score !! Venue !! MVP !! Fighting Spirit Award !! Ref
! Game !! Date !! Winner !! Score !! Loser !! Score !! Venue !! MVP !! Fighting Spirit Award !! Ref
|-
|-
| 1 || January 8, 1989 || [[William & Mary Tribe football|William & Mary]] || 73 || Japan All-Stars || 3 || [[Yokohama Stadium]] || || ||
| 1 || January 8, 1989 || [[1988 William & Mary Tribe football team|William & Mary]] || 73 || Japan All-Stars || 3 || [[Yokohama Stadium]] || || ||
|-
|-
| 2 || December 23, 1989 || Ivy League All-Stars || 49 || Japan All-Stars || 17 || Yokohama Stadium || Rick McIntyre<br/>（[[Harvard Crimson football|Harvard]]）|| Kajiyama RyuMakoto<br/>（[[Nihon Phoenix football|Nihon]]） || <ref name="yomiuri19891224">［アメフト　日米学生親善］23日 日本健闘 2TD奪う アイビー、後半地力 読売新聞 1989年12月24日 朝刊19ページ</ref>
| 2 || December 23, 1989 || Ivy League All-Stars || 49 || Japan All-Stars || 17 || Yokohama Stadium || Rick McIntyre<br />（[[Harvard Crimson football|Harvard]]）|| Ryusei Kajiyama<br />（[[Nihon Phoenix football|Nihon]]） || <ref name="yomiuri19891224">［アメフト　日米学生親善］23日 日本健闘 2TD奪う アイビー、後半地力 読売新聞 1989年12月24日 朝刊19ページ</ref>
|-
|-
| 3 || December 24, 1990 || Ivy League All-Stars || 47 || Japan All-Stars || 10 || Yokohama Stadium || Steve Hooper<br />（[[Penn Quakers football|Penn]]）|| Shinbori Kazuyuki<br />（[[Hosei Tomahawks football|Hosei]]） || <ref>［アメフト 日米学生交流戦］24日 日本“いい勉強”3連敗　1TDがやっと 読売新聞 1990年12月25日 朝刊 14ページ</ref>
| 3 || December 24, 1990 || Ivy League All-Stars || 47 || Japan All-Stars || 10 || Yokohama Stadium || Steve Hooper<br />（[[Penn Quakers football|Penn]]）|| Kazuyuki Shinbori <br />（[[Hosei Tomahawks football|Hosei]]） || <ref>［アメフト 日米学生交流戦］24日 日本“いい勉強”3連敗　1TDがやっと 読売新聞 1990年12月25日 朝刊 14ページ</ref>
|-
|-
| 4 || December 23, 1991 || Ivy League All-Stars || 24 || Japan All-Stars || 0 || [[Tokyo Dome]] || John Makunifu<br />（[[Cornell Big Red football|Cornell]]）|| Shirowa-chijin<br />（[[Meiji Griffins football|Meiji]]） || <ref>アメフト　エプソン・アイビーボウル23日 アイビー選抜が完封 日本4連敗 読売新聞 1991年12月24日 17ページ</ref>
| 4 || December 23, 1991 || Ivy League All-Stars || 24 || Japan All-Stars || 0 || [[Tokyo Dome]] || John Makunifu<br />（[[Cornell Big Red football|Cornell]]）|| jin Shirawachi <br />（[[Meiji Griffins football|Meiji]]） || <ref>アメフト　エプソン・アイビーボウル23日 アイビー選抜が完封 日本4連敗 読売新聞 1991年12月24日 17ページ</ref>
|-
|-
| rowspan="2" | 5 || rowspan="2" |January 1, 1993 ||Ivy League All-Stars || 68 || Japan All-Stars<br />（excluding Nihon University） || 3 || rowspan="2" | Tokyo Dome || Matt Bashika<br />（[[Dartmouth Big Green football|Dartmouth]]） || || rowspan="2" | <ref>アメフト エプソン・アイビーボウル9日 IVY選抜、日本を圧倒 読売新聞 1993年1月10日 朝刊20ページ</ref>
| rowspan="2" | 5 || rowspan="2" |January 1, 1993 ||Ivy League All-Stars || 68 || Japan All-Stars<br />（excluding Nihon University） || 3 || rowspan="2" | Tokyo Dome || Matt Bashika<br />（[[Dartmouth Big Green football|Dartmouth]]） || || rowspan="2" | <ref>アメフト エプソン・アイビーボウル9日 IVY選抜、日本を圧倒 読売新聞 1993年1月10日 朝刊20ページ</ref>
|-
|-
| William & Mary || 35 || Nihon<ref>OBも含む</ref> || 19 || Sean Knight ||
| [[1992 William & Mary Tribe football team|William & Mary]] || 35 || Nihon<ref>OBも含む</ref> || 19 || [[Shawn Knight (quarterback)|Shawn Knight]] ||
|-
|-
| 6 || January 8, 1994 || Ivy League All-Stars || 31 || Japan All-Stars || 14 || Tokyo Dome || [[Jay Fiedler]]<br />（Dartmouth） || [[Masafumi Kawaguchi]]<br />（[[Ritsumeikan Panthers football|Ritsumeikan]]） || <ref>アメフト アイビーボウル8日 アイビー選抜が5連勝 読売新聞 1994年１月9日 朝刊15ページ</ref>
| 6 || January 8, 1994 || Ivy League All-Stars || 31 || Japan All-Stars || 14 || Tokyo Dome || [[Jay Fiedler]]<br />（Dartmouth） || [[Masafumi Kawaguchi]]<br />（[[Ritsumeikan Panthers football|Ritsumeikan]]） || <ref>アメフト アイビーボウル8日 アイビー選抜が5連勝 読売新聞 1994年１月9日 朝刊15ページ</ref>
|-
|-
| 7 || January 8, 1995 || Ivy League All-Stars || 20 || Japan All-Stars || 10 || [[Hankyu Nishinomiya Stadium]] || Brian Bassett<br />（[[Columbia Lions football|Columbia]]） || Akiyama<br />（Nihon）|| <ref>アメフト アイビーボウル8日 アイビーが6連勝 全日本健闘も及ばず 読売新聞 1995年1月9日朝刊17ページ</ref>
| 7 || January 8, 1995 || Ivy League All-Stars || 20 || Japan All-Stars || 10 || [[Hankyu Nishinomiya Stadium]] || Brian Bassett<br />（[[Columbia Lions football|Columbia]]） || Tetsuya Akiyama<br />（Nihon）|| <ref>アメフト アイビーボウル8日 アイビーが6連勝 全日本健闘も及ばず 読売新聞 1995年1月9日朝刊17ページ</ref>
|-
|-
| 8 || January 7, 1996 || Ivy League All-Stars || 35 || Japan All-Stars || 16 || Hankyu Nishinomiya Stadium || John Harper<br />（Columbia） || Kojima Toru<br />（[[Tokai Tritons football|Tokai]]） || <ref>アメフト　アイビーボウル日米対抗カレッジゲーム7日 米が8連勝 読売新聞 1996年1月8日朝刊15ページ</ref>
| 8 || January 7, 1996 || Ivy League All-Stars || 35 || Japan All-Stars || 16 || Hankyu Nishinomiya Stadium || John Harper<br />（Columbia） || Toru Kojima<br />（[[Tokai Tritons football|Tokai]]） || <ref>アメフト　アイビーボウル日米対抗カレッジゲーム7日 米が8連勝 読売新聞 1996年1月8日朝刊15ページ</ref>
|}
|}


==Game participants==
==Game participants==
===1989===
⚫
===1989<ref>"''Epson Ivy Bowl. The Ivy All Stars vs The Japan Collegiate All Stars. December 23, 1989. Yokohama Stadium''" game program.</ref>===

⚫
Source:<ref>"''Epson Ivy Bowl. The Ivy All Stars vs The Japan Collegiate All Stars. December 23, 1989. Yokohama Stadium''" game program.</ref>

====Ivy League All-Stars====
====Ivy League All-Stars====
{| class="wikitable sortable"
{| class="wikitable sortable"
! Player || Position || College
! Player || Position || College
|-
|-
| [[Evan Parke]] || CB<ref>{{cite web|title=Evan Parke - 1988 Football|publisher=Cornell Athletics|url=http://www.cornellbigred.com/roster.aspx?rp_id=21746/|accessdate=December 25, 2015}}</ref> || [[Cornell Big Red football|Cornell]]
| [[Evan Parke]] || CB<ref>{{cite web|title=Evan Parke - 1988 Football|publisher=Cornell Athletics|url=http://www.cornellbigred.com/roster.aspx?rp_id=21746/|access-date=December 25, 2015}}</ref> || [[Cornell Big Red football|Cornell]]
|-
|-
| Bryan Keys|| RB|| Penn
| Bryan Keys||RB || Penn
|-
|-
| Steve Johnson|| DB|| Penn
| Steve Johnson|| ||
|-
|-
| Matt Pollard||K ||Columbia
| Matt Pollard||K ||Columbia
|-
|-
| Matt Less|| TE||Columbia
| Matt Less||TE ||Columbia
|-
|-
| Danny Clark|| ||
| Danny Clark||QB||Brown
|-
|-
| Nick Stanham||WR ||Dartmouth
| Nick Stanham||WR ||Dartmouth
⚫
|-
| Malcolm Glover||QB ||Penn
|-
|-
| Malcolm Glover|| QB|| Penn
| John Francis||DB|| Brown
⚫
|-
| John Francis|| DB|| Brown
|-
|-
| Mark Bianchi||WR || Harvard
| Mark Bianchi||WR ||Dartmouth
|-
|-
| Frank Leal||DB ||Princeton
| Frank Leal||DB || Princeton
|-
|-
| Mark Ligos||LB ||Penn
| Mark Ligos||LB ||Penn
|-
|-
| Dave Amodio||P ||Penn
| Dave Amodio|| ||
|-
|-
| Steve Kapfer|| ||
| Steve Kapfer|| ||
Line 65: Line 70:
| Rick McIntire|| ||
| Rick McIntire|| ||
|-
|-
| Rich Huff|| CB||Yale
| Rich Huff||DB || Yale
|-
|-
| Chris Finn|| ||
| Chris Finn|| ||
|-
|-
| Mike Holt|| ||
| Mike Holt||DB ||Columbia
|-
|-
| Jon Skinner|| ||
| Jon Skinner|| ||
|-
|-
| Mike Ciotti|| C|| Yale
| Mike Ciotti||C||Yale
|-
|-
| Franco Pagnanelli|| ||
| Franco Pagnanelli|| || Princeton
|-
|-
| Scott Wollam|| DL||Yale
| Scott Wollam||DL ||Yale
|-
|-
| Harris Siskind|| ||
| Harris Siskind|| ||
Line 83: Line 88:
| Dave Tauber|| ||
| Dave Tauber|| ||
|-
|-
| [[Bob Surace]]||C || Princeton
| [[Bob Surace]]|| || Princeton
|-
|-
| Greg Gicewicz|| DL||Harvard
| Greg Gicewicz|| ||Harvard
|-
|-
| Gerald Mahon||OT ||Harvard
| Gerald Mahon|| ||
|-
|-
| Kevin Luensmann||DL ||Dartmouth
| Kevin Luensmann|| ||
|-
|-
| Glover Lawrence|| DL||Yale
| Glover Lawrence||DL ||Yale
|-
|-
| [[Steve Harrison (West Virginia politician)|Steve Harrison]]|| || [[Brown Bears football|Brown]]
| [[Steve Harrison (West Virginia politician)|Steve Harrison]]|| || [[Brown Bears football|Brown]]
Line 97: Line 102:
| Drew Fraser|| ||
| Drew Fraser|| ||
|-
|-
| Kevin Collins||TE ||Harvard
| Kevin Collins|| ||
|-
|-
| Jim Griffin|| TE||Yale
| Jim Griffin||TE||Yale
|-
|-
| Dave Whaley||WR || Penn
| Dave Whaley||WR ||Penn
|-
|-
| Tom Parker||WR || Dartmouth
| Tom Parker||WR ||Dartmouth
|-
|-
| Pete Masloski||TE ||Princeton
| Pete Masloski|| ||
|-
|-
| Mike Vollmer|| ||
| Mike Vollmer|| ||
Line 114: Line 119:


|}
|}

=====Coaches=====
=====Coaches=====
*[[Maxie Baughan]] - Head Coach
*[[Maxie Baughan]] - Head Coach
Line 204: Line 210:
*Kinya Shibayama
*Kinya Shibayama
{{div col end}}
{{div col end}}

==See also==
==See also==
*[[List of college bowl games]]
*[[List of college bowl games]]
Line 215: Line 222:
[[Category:Recurring events disestablished in 1996]]
[[Category:Recurring events disestablished in 1996]]
[[Category:Defunct college football bowls]]
[[Category:Defunct college football bowls]]
[[Category:Ivy League]]
[[Category:Ivy League football]]
[[Category:Penn Quakers football]]
[[Category:Penn Quakers football]]
[[Category:Recurring sporting events established in 1989]]
[[Category:Recurring sporting events established in 1989]]

Latest revision as of 21:18, 8 April 2024

The Ivy Bowl (also known as the Epson Ivy Bowl) was an international college football game played between an American, 43-man all-star team (composed of only Ivy League players) versus a team of college all-stars from Japan.[1] The first Epson Ivy Bowl occurred on January 8, 1989, and the final game occurred at the conclusion of the 1996 NCAA Division I-AA football season.[1] The United States won every match-up. The wins, because they were not between two NCAA-affiliated schools and some of the years were mixed school (all-star) teams[2][3][4][5] do not count toward official win–loss records.

Despite the fact that the College of William & Mary was not a member of the Ivy League, they were chosen to participate in 1988 and 1992 seasons' Epson Ivy Bowls.[6] Long considered a "public ivy", William & Mary was the only true non-Ivy League school to send players to Japan.

Game results

[edit]
Game Date Winner Score Loser Score Venue MVP Fighting Spirit Award Ref
1 January 8, 1989 William & Mary 73 Japan All-Stars 3 Yokohama Stadium
2 December 23, 1989 Ivy League All-Stars 49 Japan All-Stars 17 Yokohama Stadium Rick McIntyre
（Harvard）		 Ryusei Kajiyama
（Nihon）		 [7]
3 December 24, 1990 Ivy League All-Stars 47 Japan All-Stars 10 Yokohama Stadium Steve Hooper
（Penn）		 Kazuyuki Shinbori
（Hosei）		 [8]
4 December 23, 1991 Ivy League All-Stars 24 Japan All-Stars 0 Tokyo Dome John Makunifu
（Cornell）		 jin Shirawachi
（Meiji）		 [9]
5 January 1, 1993 Ivy League All-Stars 68 Japan All-Stars
（excluding Nihon University）		 3 Tokyo Dome Matt Bashika
（Dartmouth）		 [10]
William & Mary 35 Nihon[11] 19 Shawn Knight
6 January 8, 1994 Ivy League All-Stars 31 Japan All-Stars 14 Tokyo Dome Jay Fiedler
（Dartmouth）		 Masafumi Kawaguchi
（Ritsumeikan）		 [12]
7 January 8, 1995 Ivy League All-Stars 20 Japan All-Stars 10 Hankyu Nishinomiya Stadium Brian Bassett
（Columbia）		 Tetsuya Akiyama
（Nihon）		 [13]
8 January 7, 1996 Ivy League All-Stars 35 Japan All-Stars 16 Hankyu Nishinomiya Stadium John Harper
（Columbia）		 Toru Kojima
（Tokai）		 [14]

Game participants

[edit]

1989

[edit]

Source:[15]

Ivy League All-Stars

[edit]
Player Position College
Evan Parke CB[16] Cornell
Bryan Keys RB Penn
Steve Johnson
Matt Pollard K Columbia
Matt Less TE Columbia
Danny Clark QB Brown
Nick Stanham WR Dartmouth
Malcolm Glover QB Penn
John Francis DB Brown
Mark Bianchi WR Dartmouth
Frank Leal DB Princeton
Mark Ligos LB Penn
Dave Amodio
Steve Kapfer
Judd Garrett RB Princeton
Rick McIntire
Rich Huff DB Yale
Chris Finn
Mike Holt DB Columbia
Jon Skinner
Mike Ciotti C Yale
Franco Pagnanelli Princeton
Scott Wollam DL Yale
Harris Siskind
Dave Tauber
Bob Surace Princeton
Greg Gicewicz Harvard
Gerald Mahon
Kevin Luensmann
Glover Lawrence DL Yale
Steve Harrison Brown
Drew Fraser
Kevin Collins
Jim Griffin TE Yale
Dave Whaley WR Penn
Tom Parker WR Dartmouth
Pete Masloski
Mike Vollmer
Bob Paschall DL Columbia
Rich Puccio
Coaches
[edit]

Japan All-Stars

[edit]
  • Kuniaki Miura
  • Ryota Watanabe
  • Kenichi Kotani
  • Shoji Sagawa
  • Kenji Kato
  • Kenji Udagawa
  • Naritoshi Shibata
  • Hiroyiki Takeda
  • Kazuhiko Yamaguchi
  • Naoji Matsuzaki
  • Juichi Suzuki
  • Kimihiro Tsuchiya
  • Satoshi Iwata
  • Seiji Funakoshi
  • Yoshiki Hayami
  • Minoru Hayashi
  • Ryusei Kajiyama
  • Hiroyuki Masuda
  • Seigo Arimatsu
  • Hajime Kobayashi
  • Tetsuya Sadai
  • Masaki Ogawa
  • Kenji Suzuki
  • Toshihiko Yamaguchi
  • Yoshihito Itakura
  • Satoki Kato
  • Noriyuki Oshima
  • Shigeo Yokata
  • Tetsuro Kawano
  • Kazunori Jinbo
  • Takanori Nozawa
  • Hirotaka Nanba
  • Minoru Shiota
  • Yoshihiro Iizuka
  • Akira Imai
  • Takayuki Ota
  • Yoshinao Sugawara
  • Masakazu Terashima
  • Yuzo Ichijo
  • Kei Nishiyama
  • Manabu Kamoshida
  • Katsuhiko Togo
  • Makoto Ishii
  • Nachi Abe
  • Yasutomo Motohashi
  • Atsushi Oyori
  • Hiroshi Kashiwagi
  • Toshihiro Moritomo
  • Kichi Nishiyama
  • Tomohiro Yanase
  • Kazuho Suzuki
  • Kenichiro Imada
  • Masaaki Kitami
  • Yuichi Shintaku
  • Tsutomu Kusakabe
  • Ryuta Tatsumi
  • Maki Yoshida
  • Tomohiro Tsuruta
  • Hiroshi Fujii
  • Motohide Takano
  • Yasuhiro Kishimoto
  • Koji Owada
  • Masaichiro Kanamoto
  • Tadashi Kaneko
  • Takuya Otsuki
  • Nobuharu Kondo
  • Shinichi Yokote
  • Koji Suzuki
  • Sojiro Harada
  • Kenichi Fujiwara
  • Toshiei Seki
  • Yosei Maeno
  • Takao Asakura
  • Takuya Iwasaki
  • Atsuya Yoshizawa
  • Shunji Mori
  • Jun Simizu
  • Shinji Maehara
  • Iwao Yoshino
  • Toshikazu Iino
  • Kinya Shibayama

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b "Ivy League History". Ivysport. 2009. Archived from the original on 30 August 2008. Retrieved 1 November 2009.
  2. ^ "Seven Gridders Are Japan-Bound for Unsanctioned Bowl Game | Sports | the Harvard Crimson".
  3. ^ "Ivy Team Prepares For Game in Japan". The New York Times. 21 December 1990.
  4. ^ "Results Plus". The New York Times. 24 December 1989.
  5. ^ Ivy gridders find Japan has a yen for their style. By Bob Dick. The Providence Journal. December 12, 1989.
  6. ^ "Games". Archived from the original on 2010-02-17. Retrieved 2010-01-02.
  7. ^ ［アメフト　日米学生親善］23日 日本健闘 2TD奪う アイビー、後半地力 読売新聞 1989年12月24日 朝刊19ページ
  8. ^ ［アメフト 日米学生交流戦］24日 日本“いい勉強”3連敗　1TDがやっと 読売新聞 1990年12月25日 朝刊 14ページ
  9. ^ アメフト　エプソン・アイビーボウル23日 アイビー選抜が完封 日本4連敗 読売新聞 1991年12月24日 17ページ
  10. ^ アメフト エプソン・アイビーボウル9日 IVY選抜、日本を圧倒 読売新聞 1993年1月10日 朝刊20ページ
  11. ^ OBも含む
  12. ^ アメフト アイビーボウル8日 アイビー選抜が5連勝 読売新聞 1994年１月9日 朝刊15ページ
  13. ^ アメフト アイビーボウル8日 アイビーが6連勝 全日本健闘も及ばず 読売新聞 1995年1月9日朝刊17ページ
  14. ^ アメフト　アイビーボウル日米対抗カレッジゲーム7日 米が8連勝 読売新聞 1996年1月8日朝刊15ページ
  15. ^ "Epson Ivy Bowl. The Ivy All Stars vs The Japan Collegiate All Stars. December 23, 1989. Yokohama Stadium" game program.
  16. ^ "Evan Parke - 1988 Football". Cornell Athletics. Retrieved December 25, 2015.
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