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{{Short description|German physician (1834–1917)}}
{{wikify|date=November 2009}}
{{unreferenced|date=November 2009}}
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{{infobox medical person
⚫
'''Oswald Berkhan''' (* 19. März 1834 in Blankenburg (Harz); † 15. Februar 1917 in Braunschweig) was a German [[physician]].
|name=Oswald Berkhan
|birth_date={{birth date|1834|3|19|df=y}}
|birth_place=[[Blankenburg (Harz)|Blankenburg]], [[Saxony-Anhalt]], Germany
|death_date={{death date and age|1917|2|15|1834|3|19|df=y}}
|death_place=[[Braunschweig]], [[Lower Saxony]], Germany
|nationality=German
|occupation=Physician
|known_for=First person to identify [[dyslexia]]
}}
⚫
'''Oswald Berkhan''' (19 March 1834 – 15 February 1917) was a German [[physician]].

⚫
Born in [[Blankenburg am Harz]], he was one of the initiators of the "Idioten-Anstalt [[Erkerode|Neuerkerode]]" (institution for people with mental illnesses), which was thought to be a sanctuary for disabled and ill people. He was also a dedicated reformer of special education schools.{{Citation needed|date=January 2023}}

He was the first person to identify [[dyslexia]], in 1881,<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Berkhan O |year=1917 |title=Uber die Wortblindheit, ein Stammeln im Sprechen und Schreiben, ein Fehl im Lesen |journal=Neurologisches Centralblatt |volume=36|pages = 914–927|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DmEsAQAAIAAJ&q=Wortblindheit}}</ref> though the term "dyslexia" was coined several years later (in 1887) by [[Rudolf Berlin]], who was an [[ophthalmologist]] in [[Stuttgart]].<ref>{{Cite journal
| title=Rudolf Berlin: Originator of the term dyslexia
| journal=Annals of Dyslexia|date=January 1973
| first=Rudolph
| last=Wagner
| volume=23|issue= 1
| pages=57–63
| doi= 10.1007/BF02653841| s2cid=144650069}}</ref>

Berkhan died in [[Braunschweig]].

==Publications (selected)==
*1863: ''Beiträge zur Geschichte der Psychiatrie ... 1. Heft. Das Irrenwesen der Stadt Braunschweig in den früheren Jahrhunderten''
*1889: ''Ueber Störungen der Sprache und der Schriftsprache''
*1899: ''Über den angeborenen und früh erworbenen Schwachsinn''
*1902: ''Über den angeborenen oder früh sich zeigenden Wasserkopf (Hydrocephalus internus) und seine Beziehungen zur geistigen Entwickelung''
*1910: ''Das Wunderkind Christian Heinrich Heineken''
*1910: ''Otto Pöhler, das frühlesende Braunschweiger Kind''

== Legacy ==
In 2016, [[Oswald Foundation]], an [[accessibility]] [[technology]] company named after Berkhan,<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://twitter.com/AnandChowdhary/status/772344786623852544|title=Anand Chowdhary on Twitter|access-date=2016-09-06}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://oswald.foundation/accessibility|title=Accessibility · Oswald Foundation|website=Oswald Foundation|access-date=2016-10-23}}</ref> was established to build products for individuals suffering from [[Disability|disabilities]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://oswald.foundation|title=Oswald Foundation|website=oswald.foundation|access-date=2016-09-06}}</ref>

==See also==
*[[History of dyslexia research]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20120308020610/http://www.economypoint.org/o/oswald-berkhan.html "Oswald Berkhan" in Economypoint (includes list of articles)]

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Berkhan, Oswald}}
[[Category:1834 births]]
[[Category:1917 deaths]]
[[Category:People from Blankenburg (Harz)]]
[[Category:Physicians from the Duchy of Brunswick]]
[[Category:German psychiatrists]]


⚫
He was one of the initiators of the "Idioten-Anstalt Neuerkerode" (institution for people with mental illnesses), which was thought to be a sanctuary for disabled and ill people. He was also a dedicated reformer of special education schools. He liked eating potatoes and took care of many llamas!


{{Germany-med-bio-stub}}
{{Germany-med-bio-stub}}

Latest revision as of 18:13, 12 April 2024

Oswald Berkhan
Born(1834-03-19)19 March 1834
Blankenburg, Saxony-Anhalt, Germany
Died15 February 1917(1917-02-15) (aged 82)
Braunschweig, Lower Saxony, Germany
NationalityGerman
OccupationPhysician
Known forFirst person to identify dyslexia

Oswald Berkhan (19 March 1834 – 15 February 1917) was a German physician.

Born in Blankenburg am Harz, he was one of the initiators of the "Idioten-Anstalt Neuerkerode" (institution for people with mental illnesses), which was thought to be a sanctuary for disabled and ill people. He was also a dedicated reformer of special education schools.[citation needed]

He was the first person to identify dyslexia, in 1881,[1] though the term "dyslexia" was coined several years later (in 1887) by Rudolf Berlin, who was an ophthalmologist in Stuttgart.[2]

Berkhan died in Braunschweig.

Publications (selected)

[edit]
  • 1863: Beiträge zur Geschichte der Psychiatrie ... 1. Heft. Das Irrenwesen der Stadt Braunschweig in den früheren Jahrhunderten
  • 1889: Ueber Störungen der Sprache und der Schriftsprache
  • 1899: Über den angeborenen und früh erworbenen Schwachsinn
  • 1902: Über den angeborenen oder früh sich zeigenden Wasserkopf (Hydrocephalus internus) und seine Beziehungen zur geistigen Entwickelung
  • 1910: Das Wunderkind Christian Heinrich Heineken
  • 1910: Otto Pöhler, das frühlesende Braunschweiger Kind

Legacy

[edit]

In 2016, Oswald Foundation, an accessibility technology company named after Berkhan,[3][4] was established to build products for individuals suffering from disabilities.[5]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Berkhan O (1917). "Uber die Wortblindheit, ein Stammeln im Sprechen und Schreiben, ein Fehl im Lesen". Neurologisches Centralblatt. 36: 914–927.
  2. ^ Wagner, Rudolph (January 1973). "Rudolf Berlin: Originator of the term dyslexia". Annals of Dyslexia. 23 (1): 57–63. doi:10.1007/BF02653841. S2CID 144650069.
  3. ^ "Anand Chowdhary on Twitter". Retrieved 2016-09-06.
  4. ^ "Accessibility · Oswald Foundation". Oswald Foundation. Retrieved 2016-10-23.
  5. ^ "Oswald Foundation". oswald.foundation. Retrieved 2016-09-06.
[edit]


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