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{{Infobox Monarch
{{Infobox monarch
| name =Rajendravarman II
| name =Rajendravarman II
| title =[[Monarch|King]]
| title =[[Monarch|King]]
| image =[[Khmer Empire]]: 944–968
| image =
| caption =
| caption =
| reign =
| reign =944–968
| coronation =
| coronation =
| othertitles =
| full name =
| full name =
| predecessor =[[Harshavarman II]]
| predecessor =[[Harshavarman II]]
| successor =[[Jayavarman V]]
| successor =[[Jayavarman V]]
| suc-type =
| religion = Hinduism
| heir =
| spouse =Narendradevi, Prana
| queen =
| consort =
| spouse 1 =
| spouse 2 =
| spouse 3 =
| spouse 4 =
| spouse 5 =
| spouse 6 =
| issue =
| issue =
| royal house =
| royal house =
| dynasty =
| dynasty =
| royal anthem =
| father =
| father =
| mother =
| mother =
| date of birth =
| birth_date =
| place of birth =
| birth_place =
| date of death =
| death_date =
| place of death =
| death_place =968
| date of burial =
| date of burial =
| place of burial =
| place of burial =
|}}
|}}
'''Rajendravarman II''' was the king of the [[Khmer Empire]] (region of [[Angkor]] in [[Cambodia]]), from 944 to 968.
'''Rajendravarman II''' ({{lang-km|រាជេន្ទ្រវរ្ម័នទី២}}) was the king of the [[Khmer Empire]] (region of [[Angkor]] in [[Cambodia]]), from 944 to 968 AD.


Rajendravarman II was a nephew of former king [[Yasovarman I]]. His principal monuments, located in the [[Angkor]] region of [[Cambodia]]'s [[Siem Reap]] province, are [[Pre Rup]] and [[East Mebon]].
Rajendravarman II was the uncle and first cousin of [[Harshavarman II]]. His principal monuments, located in the [[Angkor]] region of [[Cambodia]]'s [[Siem Reap]] province, are [[Pre Rup]] and [[East Mebon]].<ref name=Higham>Higham, C., 2001, The Civilization of Angkor, London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson, {{ISBN|9781842125847}}</ref>{{rp|73}}<ref name=Higham1>Higham, C., 2014, Early Mainland Southeast Asia, Bangkok: River Books Co., Ltd., {{ISBN|9786167339443}}</ref>{{rp|358,361–367}}


The king claimed links to the royal line of the [[Chenla]] state that had its capital at [[Bhavapura]] (the city's location is debated) and predates the start of the Khmer empire in 802 A.D. Inscriptions say that the Khmer empire under his tutelage extended to southern [[Vietnam]], [[Laos]] and much of [[Thailand]] and as far north as southern [[China]].
The king claimed links to the royal line of the [[Chenla]] state that had its capital at [[Bhavapura]] (the city's location is debated) and predates the start of the Khmer empire in 802 AD. Inscriptions say that the Khmer empire under his tutelage extended to southern [[Vietnam]], [[Laos]] and much of [[Thailand]] and as far north as southern [[China]].


An inscription at Pre Rup relates that Rajendravarman II was a great warrior, his sword frequently blood-stained, his body as hard as a [[diamond]]. Though the king punished the guilty, the inscription says, he had an ocean of compassion for the innocent. Other inscriptions depict him as organizer of state religious ritual. In one text, he gives an order for the collection of holy oil, in the form of butter, for use in temples.
An inscription at Pre Rup relates that Rajendravarman II was a great warrior, his sword frequently blood-stained, his body as hard as a [[diamond]]. Though the king punished the guilty, the inscription says, he had an ocean of compassion for the innocent. Other inscriptions depict him as organizer of state religious ritual. In one text, he gives an order for the collection of holy oil, in the form of butter, for use in temples.


The king ruled from a great palace designed by his minister Kavindrarimathana. Many scholars believe that Rajendravarman II instituted a system of centralized administration, establishing more direct control over a collection of princes who had been largely independent at their estates in the provinces.
The king ruled from a great palace designed by his minister Kavindrarimathana. Many scholars believe that Rajendravarman II instituted a system of centralized administration, establishing more direct control over a collection of princes who had been largely independent at their estates in the provinces.<ref name=Coedes>{{cite book|last= Coedès|first= George|authorlink= George Coedès|editor= Walter F. Vella|others= trans.Susan Brown Cowing|title= The Indianized States of Southeast Asia|year= 1968|publisher= University of Hawaii Press|isbn= 978-0-8248-0368-1}}</ref>{{rp|116}}


Construction of [[Banteay Srei]], the ornate temple of pink sandstone located north of the main Angkor complex, began during the king's reign.
Construction at [[Banteay Srei]], the ornate temple of pink sandstone located north of the main Angkor complex, began during the king's reign.<ref name=Coedes/>{{rp|117}}


Inscriptions from 946 AD say Rajendravarman II had victories over Ramanya and [[Champa]]. <ref> Hall, Kenneth R. “Khmer Commercial Development and Foreign Contacts under Sūryavarman I.” Journal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient, vol. 18, no. 3, 1975, pp. 318–336. JSTOR, www.jstor.org/stable/3632140. Accessed 3 June 2020.</ref> Historians believe Ramanya was the area of the [[Mon people|Mons]] of Eastern [[Dvaravati]].
Rajendravarman II led fighting against the rival state of [[Champa]] in the east, and in 950 A.D. seized as booty a gold statue in the temple of [[Po nagar|Po Nagar]] there.
Rajendravarman II led fighting against the rival state of Champa in the east, and in 946 AD seized as booty a gold statue in the temple of [[Po nagar|Po Nagar]] there.<ref name=Maspero>Maspero, G., 2002, The Champa Kingdom, Bangkok: White Lotus Co., Ltd., {{ISBN|9789747534993}}</ref>{{rp|56}}


During his reign, the Khmer Empire had 24 cities or [[Pur_(placename_element)|pura]].<ref>Hall, K. R. (2019). Maritime Trade and State Development in Early Southeast Asia. United States: University of Hawaii Press.</ref>
Rajendravarman II was succeeded by his 10-year-old son, who reigned as [[Jayavarman V]].

Rajendravarman II was succeeded by his 10-year-old son, who reigned as [[Jayavarman V]].<ref name=Higham/>{{rp|79}}


==References==
==References==
{{reflist}}


* Higham, Charles. ''The Civilization of Angkor''. University of California Press 2001. ISBN 0-520-23442-1
* Mabbett, Ian and Chandler, David. ''The Khmers''. Blackwell Publishers 1996. {{ISBN|0-631-17582-2}}

* Mabbett, Ian and Chandler, David. ''The Khmers''. Blackwell Publishers 1996. ISBN 0-631-17582-2


{{s-start}}
{{s-start}}
{{s-reg}}
{{succession box|before=[[Harshavarman II]]|title=[[King of Cambodia|Emperor of Angkor]]|years=944–968|after=[[Jayavarman V]]}}
{{succession box|before=[[Harshavarman II]]|title=[[King of Cambodia|Emperor of Angkor]]|years=944–968|after=[[Jayavarman V]]}}
{{s-end}}
{{s-end}}
{{Monarchs of Cambodia}}

{{Persondata <!-- Metadata: see [[Wikipedia:Persondata]]. -->
| NAME = Rajendravarman Ii
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES =
| SHORT DESCRIPTION =
| DATE OF BIRTH =
| PLACE OF BIRTH =
| DATE OF DEATH = 968
| PLACE OF DEATH =
}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Rajendravarman Ii}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Rajendravarman Ii}}
[[Category:10th-century Cambodian monarchs]]
[[Category:Khmer kings]]
[[Category:Year of birth missing]]
[[Category:Year of birth missing]]
[[Category:968 deaths]]
[[Category:968 deaths]]
[[Category:History of Cambodia]]
[[Category:Cambodian Shaivites]]
[[Category:Cambodian monarchs]]



{{Cambodia-bio-stub}}


{{Cambodia-royal-stub}}
[[de:Rajendravarman II.]]
[[fr:Rajendravarman II]]
[[ru:Раджендраварман II]]

Revision as of 03:22, 16 April 2024

Rajendravarman II
King
Reign944–968
PredecessorHarshavarman II
SuccessorJayavarman V
Died968
SpouseNarendradevi, Prana
ReligionHinduism

Rajendravarman II (Khmer: រាជេន្ទ្រវរ្ម័នទី២) was the king of the Khmer Empire (region of Angkor in Cambodia), from 944 to 968 AD.

Rajendravarman II was the uncle and first cousin of Harshavarman II. His principal monuments, located in the Angkor region of Cambodia's Siem Reap province, are Pre Rup and East Mebon.[1]: 73 [2]: 358, 361–367 

The king claimed links to the royal line of the Chenla state that had its capital at Bhavapura (the city's location is debated) and predates the start of the Khmer empire in 802 AD. Inscriptions say that the Khmer empire under his tutelage extended to southern Vietnam, Laos and much of Thailand and as far north as southern China.

An inscription at Pre Rup relates that Rajendravarman II was a great warrior, his sword frequently blood-stained, his body as hard as a diamond. Though the king punished the guilty, the inscription says, he had an ocean of compassion for the innocent. Other inscriptions depict him as organizer of state religious ritual. In one text, he gives an order for the collection of holy oil, in the form of butter, for use in temples.

The king ruled from a great palace designed by his minister Kavindrarimathana. Many scholars believe that Rajendravarman II instituted a system of centralized administration, establishing more direct control over a collection of princes who had been largely independent at their estates in the provinces.[3]: 116 

Construction at Banteay Srei, the ornate temple of pink sandstone located north of the main Angkor complex, began during the king's reign.[3]: 117 

Inscriptions from 946 AD say Rajendravarman II had victories over Ramanya and Champa. [4] Historians believe Ramanya was the area of the Mons of Eastern Dvaravati. Rajendravarman II led fighting against the rival state of Champa in the east, and in 946 AD seized as booty a gold statue in the temple of Po Nagar there.[5]: 56 

During his reign, the Khmer Empire had 24 cities or pura.[6]

Rajendravarman II was succeeded by his 10-year-old son, who reigned as Jayavarman V.[1]: 79 

References

  1. ^ a b Higham, C., 2001, The Civilization of Angkor, London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson, ISBN 9781842125847
  2. ^ Higham, C., 2014, Early Mainland Southeast Asia, Bangkok: River Books Co., Ltd., ISBN 9786167339443
  3. ^ a b Coedès, George (1968). Walter F. Vella (ed.). The Indianized States of Southeast Asia. trans.Susan Brown Cowing. University of Hawaii Press. ISBN 978-0-8248-0368-1.
  4. ^ Hall, Kenneth R. “Khmer Commercial Development and Foreign Contacts under Sūryavarman I.” Journal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient, vol. 18, no. 3, 1975, pp. 318–336. JSTOR, www.jstor.org/stable/3632140. Accessed 3 June 2020.
  5. ^ Maspero, G., 2002, The Champa Kingdom, Bangkok: White Lotus Co., Ltd., ISBN 9789747534993
  6. ^ Hall, K. R. (2019). Maritime Trade and State Development in Early Southeast Asia. United States: University of Hawaii Press.
  • Mabbett, Ian and Chandler, David. The Khmers. Blackwell Publishers 1996. ISBN 0-631-17582-2
Regnal titles
Preceded by Emperor of Angkor
944–968
Succeeded by