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{{Short description|American monthly magazine}} |
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{{for|the 20th-century periodical|Galaxy Science Fiction}} |
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{{Infobox magazine |
{{Infobox magazine |
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'''''Galaxy Magazine''''', or '''''The Galaxy''''', was an |
'''''Galaxy Magazine''''', or '''''The Galaxy''''', was an American monthly magazine founded by [[William Conant Church]] and his brother [[Francis P. Church]] in 1866.<ref name="Henry2014">{{cite book|author=James Henry|title=Henry James: A Life in Letters|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2WVBAgAAQBAJ&pg=PT46|access-date=November 2, 2014|date=January 2, 2014|publisher=Penguin Books Limited|isbn=978-0-14-192213-3|pages=46–}}</ref><ref name=whitman>{{cite web|title=Walt Whitman to Francis P. Church and William C. Church, 15 November 1869|url=http://www.whitmanarchive.org/biography/correspondence/tei/prc.00024.html|publisher=The Walt Whitman Archive|quote=With his brother Francis Pharcellus (1839–1906), he established the Galaxy in 1866.|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141102174228/http://www.whitmanarchive.org/biography/correspondence/tei/prc.00024.html|archive-date=November 2, 2014|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Francis Pharcellus Church|url=http://wc.rootsweb.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/igm.cgi?op=GET&db=ricrhode&id=I3672|publisher=Rootsweb}}</ref><ref name=twain>{{cite web|title=Mark Twain's Contributions To ''The Galaxy''|url=http://www.twainquotes.com/Galaxy/gindex.html|publisher=Twain Quotes}}</ref> In 1868, [[Alexander Sheldon|Sheldon and Company]] gained financial control of the magazine and it was eventually absorbed by ''[[The Atlantic Monthly]]'' in 1878.<ref name=whitman/><ref name="NYT">{{cite news|url=https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1917/05/24/98249288.pdf|title=Col. W. C. Church, Editor, Dies at 80|last=NYT Obit|date=May 24, 1917|work=The New York Times|access-date=4 January 2013}}</ref> Notable contributors to the magazine include [[Mark Twain]], [[Walt Whitman]], [[Ion Hanford Perdicaris]] and [[Henry James]].<ref name=whitman/><ref name=twain/><ref>{{cite web|title=Henry James, Collected Travel Writings: Great Britain and America|url=http://www.loa.org/volume.jsp?RequestID=61§ion=notes|publisher=The Library of America}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Perdicaris |first1= Ion Hanford |title= The Galaxy A Magazine of Entertaining Reading · Volume 2 |date=1866 |pages=378–380|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Wd4AAAAAYAAJ&q=english%20and%20french%20painting|isbn= |name-list-style=amp}} |
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</ref> |
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==History== |
==History== |
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In 1861, after the start of the [[American Civil War|Civil War]], William Church served as a war |
In 1861, after the start of the [[American Civil War|Civil War]], William Church served as a war correspondent for the ''[[New York Post|New York Evening Post]]'' |
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<ref>{{cite book|title=Munsey's Magazine|url= |
<ref>{{cite book|title=Munsey's Magazine|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DkfWAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA717|year=1917|publisher=Frank A. Munsey & Company|pages=717–}}</ref> and later for ''[[The New York Times]]''.<ref>{{cite web|title=Francis Pharcellus Church|url=http://www.stormfax.com/yesbio.htm|publisher=Storm Fax}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Church, William Conant (1836-1917)|url=http://digital.lib.lehigh.edu/pfaffs/p95/|publisher=Lehigh University}}</ref> In 1863, after leaving the war behind, William and his brother started the ''[[Armed Forces Journal|Army and Navy Journal]]'', and in 1866 they started ''Galaxy'' magazine. [[Oliver Wendell Holmes Sr.|Oliver Wendell Holmes]], who had named ''The Atlantic Monthly'', may have named the new magazine.<ref name="Mott1938">{{cite book|author=Frank L. Mott|title=A History of American Magazines, 1865-1885|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zt1V-ISXFsoC&pg=PA361|date=January 1, 1938|publisher=Harvard University Press|isbn=978-0-674-39552-7|pages=361–}}</ref> |
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The Church brothers published and edited the magazine for two years from 1866 to 1868. The publishing house of Sheldon and Company took over publishing in 1868, and ten years later in 1878 Sheldon ceased publication of the magazine and it was absorbed into ''The Atlantic''.<ref>{{cite |
The Church brothers published and edited the magazine for two years from 1866 to 1868. The publishing house of Sheldon and Company took over publishing in 1868, and ten years later in 1878 Sheldon ceased publication of the magazine and it was absorbed into ''The Atlantic''.<ref>{{cite book|title=''The Galaxy'', A magazine of entertaining reading|year=1866|url=http://searchworks.stanford.edu/view/361162|publisher=Stanford University}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=''The Galaxy''|url=http://onlinebooks.library.upenn.edu/webbin/serial?id=galaxy|publisher=University of Pennsylvania}}</ref> Francis Church later went to work as an editorial writer for the ''[[The Sun (New York)|New York Sun]]'', where he wrote the Christmas editorial commonly referred to as "[[Yes, Virginia, there is a Santa Claus]]."<ref name=twain/> |
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==Notable contributors== |
==Notable contributors== |
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After the magazine went into publication in 1866, besides the Church brothers working as |
After the magazine went into publication in 1866, besides the Church brothers working as editors, [[Frederic Beecher Perkins]], a well known librarian and an experienced editor, was an office editor and [[Richard Grant White]] was an editorial contributor who wrote special articles for the magazine.<ref name="Mott1938"/> As departments were added to the ''Galaxy'', other writers were added. George E. Pond, who had been associate editor of the ''Army and Navy Journal'', wrote an editorial column (mainly political) called "Drift-Wood" under the name of "Phillip Quilibet", and [[S.S. Conant]], who was editor of ''Harper's Weekly'', wrote and critiqued for the ''Galaxy's'' fine arts department.<ref name="Mott1938"/> James F. Meline contributed reviews of French and German books, while [[Edward L. Youmans|Professor E.L. Youmans]], edited the "Scientific Miscellany" from 1871 to 1874. [[Charles Astor Bristed|Carl Benson]], in private life known as [[Charles Astor Bristed]], wrote for the department called "Casual Cogitations".<ref name="Mott1938"/> |
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The ''Galaxy'' published many of Henry |
The ''Galaxy'' published many of Henry James's early short stories, including "A Day of Days" (1866), "A Light Man" (1869) and "[[Madame de Mauves]]" (1874).<ref name="HaralsonJohnson2009">{{cite book|author1=Eric L. Haralson|author2=Kendall Johnson|title=Critical Companion to Henry James: A Literary Reference to His Life and Work|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Nrfg5a2Pjs8C&pg=PA427|year=2009|publisher=Infobase Publishing|isbn=978-1-4381-1727-0|pages=427–}}</ref> Mark Twain wrote a column called "Memoranda" for the magazine from 1870 to 1871. Twain's introductory column announced that his department would carry "ample dissertations upon political economy".<ref name="LeMasterWilson2013">{{cite book|author1=J.R. LeMaster|author2=James D. Wilson|title=The Routledge Encyclopedia of Mark Twain|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8BhUuxcKNPkC&pg=PA586|date=May 13, 2013|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-1-135-88128-3|pages=586–}}</ref> Twain went on to contribute over eighty pieces to the ''Galaxy'', which paid him $20 per page for his monthly column, more than double its regular rate.<ref name=twain/><ref>{{cite web|title=Mark Twain in the Magazines|url=http://rmc.library.cornell.edu/twain/exhibition/magazines/|publisher=Cornell University}}</ref> |
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In December 1866, ''The Galaxy'' |
In December 1866, ''The Galaxy'' published the first biographical essay of the poet Walt Whitman, written by his friend John Burroughs, titled "Walt Whitman and His [[Drum-Taps]]." |
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<ref name="Burroughs1971">{{cite book|author=John Burroughs|title=Notes on Walt Whitman, as poet and person|url= |
<ref name="Burroughs1971">{{cite book|author=John Burroughs|title=Notes on Walt Whitman, as poet and person|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=WccfAQAAIAAJ|year=1971|publisher=Haskell House|isbn=9780838309223}}</ref><ref name=culture>{{Citation|last=Scholnick|first=Robert J.|title="Culture" or Democracy: Whitman, Eugene Benson, and ''The Galaxy''|journal=Walt Whitman Quarterly Review|volume=13|issue=4|pages=189–198|date=1996|issn=0737-0679|doi=10.13008/2153-3695.1532|doi-access=free}}</ref> |
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The magazine went on to publish four poems by Whitman, ''A Carol of Harvest'' (1867), ''Brother of All with Generous Hand'' (1870), ''Warble for Lilac-Time'' (1870), and ''0 Star of France'' (1871). ''The Galaxy'' also printed the beginnings of Whitman's essay [[Democratic Vistas]] in two articles. The first part titled ''Democracy'', was published in December 1867 and the second part, ''Personalism'', appeared in May 1868. Edward F. Grier wrote about the poet: "Whitman's position as a ''Galaxy'' author was important to his personal fortunes and his literary reputation. ''The Galaxy'' was respectable, it was popular, and it paid generously. It also provided a venue where Whitman could join with other writers in exploring the meaning of literary nationalism and cultural democracy for the new era."<ref name=culture/> |
The magazine went on to publish four poems by Whitman, ''A Carol of Harvest'' (1867), ''Brother of All with Generous Hand'' (1870), ''Warble for Lilac-Time'' (1870), and ''0 Star of France'' (1871). ''The Galaxy'' also printed the beginnings of Whitman's essay [[Democratic Vistas]] in two articles. The first part titled ''Democracy'', was published in December 1867 and the second part, ''Personalism'', appeared in May 1868. Edward F. Grier wrote about the poet: "Whitman's position as a ''Galaxy'' author was important to his personal fortunes and his literary reputation. ''The Galaxy'' was respectable, it was popular, and it paid generously. It also provided a venue where Whitman could join with other writers in exploring the meaning of literary nationalism and cultural democracy for the new era."<ref name=culture/> |
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*[[Essay]] |
*[[Essay]] |
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*[[Short story]] |
*[[Short story]] |
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*[[Sequel to Drum-Taps]] |
*''[[Sequel to Drum-Taps]]'' |
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==References== |
==References== |
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==External links== |
==External links== |
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*[http://ebooks.library.cornell.edu/g/gala/index.html The Galaxy], [[Making of America]] Collection, [[Cornell University Library]] |
*[http://ebooks.library.cornell.edu/g/gala/index.html ''The Galaxy''], [[Making of America]] Collection, [[Cornell University Library]] |
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*[https://archive.org/details/galaxymag01newyrich ''The Galaxy'' Volume I. May 1, 1866 to August 15, 1866] |
*[https://archive.org/details/galaxymag01newyrich ''The Galaxy'' Volume I. May 1, 1866 to August 15, 1866] |
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Galaxy}} |
{{DEFAULTSORT:Galaxy}} |
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[[Category: |
[[Category:1866 establishments in New York (state)]] |
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[[Category: |
[[Category:1878 disestablishments in New York (state)]] |
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[[Category: |
[[Category:Monthly magazines published in the United States]] |
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[[Category: |
[[Category:Defunct magazines published in New York City]] |
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[[Category:Magazines established in 1866]] |
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[[Category:Magazines disestablished in 1878]] |
Latest revision as of 20:50, 16 April 2024
![]() The Galaxy Vol. 1 Issue 2, May 15, 1866, featuring an excerpt of The Claverings by Anthony Trollope | |
Frequency | Monthly |
---|---|
Publisher | W.C. and F. P. Church |
Gründer | W.C. and F. P. Church |
Gegründet | 1866 |
First issue | May 1, 1866 |
Final issue | 1878 |
Land | Vereinigte Staaten |
Based in | New York City |
Sprache | Englisch |
Galaxy Magazine, or The Galaxy, was an American monthly magazine founded by William Conant Church and his brother Francis P. Church in 1866.[1][2][3][4] In 1868, Sheldon and Company gained financial control of the magazine and it was eventually absorbed by The Atlantic Monthly in 1878.[2][5] Notable contributors to the magazine include Mark Twain, Walt Whitman, Ion Hanford Perdicaris and Henry James.[2][4][6][7]
History
[edit]In 1861, after the start of the Civil War, William Church served as a war correspondent for the New York Evening Post [8] and later for The New York Times.[9][10] In 1863, after leaving the war behind, William and his brother started the Army and Navy Journal, and in 1866 they started Galaxy magazine. Oliver Wendell Holmes, who had named The Atlantic Monthly, may have named the new magazine.[11]
The Church brothers published and edited the magazine for two years from 1866 to 1868. The publishing house of Sheldon and Company took over publishing in 1868, and ten years later in 1878 Sheldon ceased publication of the magazine and it was absorbed into The Atlantic.[12][13] Francis Church later went to work as an editorial writer for the New York Sun, where he wrote the Christmas editorial commonly referred to as "Yes, Virginia, there is a Santa Claus."[4]
Notable contributors
[edit]After the magazine went into publication in 1866, besides the Church brothers working as editors, Frederic Beecher Perkins, a well known librarian and an experienced editor, was an office editor and Richard Grant White was an editorial contributor who wrote special articles for the magazine.[11] As departments were added to the Galaxy, other writers were added. George E. Pond, who had been associate editor of the Army and Navy Journal, wrote an editorial column (mainly political) called "Drift-Wood" under the name of "Phillip Quilibet", and S.S. Conant, who was editor of Harper's Weekly, wrote and critiqued for the Galaxy's fine arts department.[11] James F. Meline contributed reviews of French and German books, while Professor E.L. Youmans, edited the "Scientific Miscellany" from 1871 to 1874. Carl Benson, in private life known as Charles Astor Bristed, wrote for the department called "Casual Cogitations".[11]
The Galaxy published many of Henry James's early short stories, including "A Day of Days" (1866), "A Light Man" (1869) and "Madame de Mauves" (1874).[14] Mark Twain wrote a column called "Memoranda" for the magazine from 1870 to 1871. Twain's introductory column announced that his department would carry "ample dissertations upon political economy".[15] Twain went on to contribute over eighty pieces to the Galaxy, which paid him $20 per page for his monthly column, more than double its regular rate.[4][16]
In December 1866, The Galaxy published the first biographical essay of the poet Walt Whitman, written by his friend John Burroughs, titled "Walt Whitman and His Drum-Taps." [17][18] The magazine went on to publish four poems by Whitman, A Carol of Harvest (1867), Brother of All with Generous Hand (1870), Warble for Lilac-Time (1870), and 0 Star of France (1871). The Galaxy also printed the beginnings of Whitman's essay Democratic Vistas in two articles. The first part titled Democracy, was published in December 1867 and the second part, Personalism, appeared in May 1868. Edward F. Grier wrote about the poet: "Whitman's position as a Galaxy author was important to his personal fortunes and his literary reputation. The Galaxy was respectable, it was popular, and it paid generously. It also provided a venue where Whitman could join with other writers in exploring the meaning of literary nationalism and cultural democracy for the new era."[18]
See also
[edit]![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png)
References
[edit]- ^ James Henry (January 2, 2014). Henry James: A Life in Letters. Penguin Books Limited. pp. 46–. ISBN 978-0-14-192213-3. Retrieved November 2, 2014.
- ^ a b c "Walt Whitman to Francis P. Church and William C. Church, 15 November 1869". The Walt Whitman Archive. Archived from the original on November 2, 2014.
With his brother Francis Pharcellus (1839–1906), he established the Galaxy in 1866.
- ^ "Francis Pharcellus Church". Rootsweb.
- ^ a b c d "Mark Twain's Contributions To The Galaxy". Twain Quotes.
- ^ NYT Obit (May 24, 1917). "Col. W. C. Church, Editor, Dies at 80" (PDF). The New York Times. Retrieved 4 January 2013.
- ^ "Henry James, Collected Travel Writings: Great Britain and America". The Library of America.
- ^ Perdicaris, Ion Hanford (1866). The Galaxy A Magazine of Entertaining Reading · Volume 2. pp. 378–380.
- ^ Munsey's Magazine. Frank A. Munsey & Company. 1917. pp. 717–.
- ^ "Francis Pharcellus Church". Storm Fax.
- ^ "Church, William Conant (1836-1917)". Lehigh University.
- ^ a b c d Frank L. Mott (January 1, 1938). A History of American Magazines, 1865-1885. Harvard University Press. pp. 361–. ISBN 978-0-674-39552-7.
- ^ The Galaxy, A magazine of entertaining reading. Stanford University. 1866.
- ^ "The Galaxy". University of Pennsylvania.
- ^ Eric L. Haralson; Kendall Johnson (2009). Critical Companion to Henry James: A Literary Reference to His Life and Work. Infobase Publishing. pp. 427–. ISBN 978-1-4381-1727-0.
- ^ J.R. LeMaster; James D. Wilson (May 13, 2013). The Routledge Encyclopedia of Mark Twain. Routledge. pp. 586–. ISBN 978-1-135-88128-3.
- ^ "Mark Twain in the Magazines". Cornell University.
- ^ John Burroughs (1971). Notes on Walt Whitman, as poet and person. Haskell House. ISBN 9780838309223.
- ^ a b Scholnick, Robert J. (1996), ""Culture" or Democracy: Whitman, Eugene Benson, and The Galaxy", Walt Whitman Quarterly Review, 13 (4): 189–198, doi:10.13008/2153-3695.1532, ISSN 0737-0679