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{{Short description|1976 summit in Dorado, Puerto Rico}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2021}}
{{Infobox summit
{{Infobox summit
| summit_name = 2nd G7 summit
| summit_name = 2nd G7 summit
| image = File:Photograph of Delegations from Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States during a Session of the International Economic Summit at the Dorado Beach Hotel in Puerto Rico - NARA - 7462016.jpg
| image = Sunset in San Juan, Puerto Rico.jpg
| caption = Delegates from Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States during the second session
| caption = Sunset in San Juan, Puerto Rico
| country = United States
| country = [[United States]]
| dates = June 27–28, 1976
| dates = June 27–28, 1976
| follows = [[1st G6 summit]]
| follows = [[1st G6 summit]]
| precedes = [[3rd G7 summit]]
| precedes = [[3rd G7 summit]]
|other_titles=Rambouillet II<br />Economic Summit at Puerto Rico
|venues=Dorado Beach Hotel (now Dorado Beach Resort)
|participants={{unbulleted list|
|[[Pierre Trudeau]] ([[Canada]])
|[[Valéry Giscard d'Estaing]] ([[France]])
|[[Helmut Schmidt]] ([[West Germany]])
|[[Aldo Moro]] ([[Italy]])
|[[Takeo Miki]] ([[Japan]])
|[[James Callaghan]] ([[United Kingdom]])
|'''[[Gerald Ford]]''' ([[United States]]) (host)
}}
}}
}}


The '''2nd G7 Summit''' was held at [[Dorado, Puerto Rico|Dorado]], [[Puerto Rico]] between June 27 and 28, 1976.<ref name="j-mofa1">Japan, [[Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Japan)|Ministry of Foreign Affairs]] ([[Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Japan)|MOFA]]): [http://www.mofa.go.jp/policy/economy/summit/2000/past_summit/table_e/index.html Summit Meetings in the Past;] although this article is named "2nd G7 summit" because it is the second in a series of summits which will become continuing, it is actually the first time that the G7 meets</ref> The venue for the summit meetings was the Dorado Beach Resort, which is near San Juan, Puerto Rico.<ref>US Embassy in Japan: [http://aboutusa.japan.usembassy.gov/e/jusa-usj-chronology.html Chronology, June 1976;] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100715203839/http://aboutusa.japan.usembassy.gov/e/jusa-usj-chronology.html |date=2010-07-15 }} Shabecoff, Philip. [https://select.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=F00D10FF3E5B157493CBAB178DD85F428785F9&scp=7&sq=+president+Ford++Puerto+Rico+&st=p "Go-Slow Policies Urged by Leaders in Economic Talks; Closing Statement Calls for Sustained Growth Coupled With Curbs on Inflation; Ford's Aims Realized; 7 Heads of Government Also Agree to Consider a New Body to Assist Italy Co-Slow Economic Policies Urged by 7 Leaders,"] ''New York Times.'' June 29, 1976; excerpt, "''SAN JUAN, P.R., June 28 President Ford and six other leaders of industrial democracies announced here today that they had agreed to pursue the objective of sustained economic growth.... The leaders met at the palm fringed Dorado Beach Resort near here.''"</ref>
The '''2nd G7 Summit''', also called '''Rambouillet II''',<ref>{{Cite news|last=Silk|first=Leonard|author-link=Leonard Silk|date=1976-06-16|title=New Economic Summit Has Political Air|page=68|work=[[The New York Times]]|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1976/06/16/archives/new-economic-summit-has-political-air-economic-conference-has.html|access-date=2021-08-22|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180203203527/https://www.nytimes.com/1976/06/16/archives/new-economic-summit-has-political-air-economic-conference-has.html|archive-date=2018-02-03|issn=0362-4331}}</ref> was held at [[Dorado, Puerto Rico|Dorado]], [[Puerto Rico]], between June 27 and 28, 1976.<ref name="j-mofa1">Japan, [[Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Japan)|Ministry of Foreign Affairs]] ([[Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Japan)|MOFA]]): [http://www.mofa.go.jp/policy/economy/summit/2000/past_summit/table_e/index.html Summit Meetings in the Past]; although this article is named "2nd G7 summit" because it is the second in a series of summits which will become continuing, it is actually the first time that the G7 meets</ref> The venue for the summit meetings was the Dorado Beach Hotel, now Dorado Beach Resort, which is near [[San Juan, Puerto Rico]].<ref name=":0">US Embassy in Japan: [http://aboutusa.japan.usembassy.gov/e/jusa-usj-chronology.html Chronology, June 1976]; {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100715203839/http://aboutusa.japan.usembassy.gov/e/jusa-usj-chronology.html |date=2010-07-15 }} Shabecoff, Philip. [https://www.nytimes.com/1976/06/29/archives/goslow-policies-urged-by-leaders-in-economic-talks-closing.html?sq=+president+Ford++Puerto+Rico+&scp=7&st=p "Go-Slow Policies Urged by Leaders in Economic Talks; Closing Statement Calls for Sustained Growth Coupled With Curbs on Inflation; Ford's Aims Realized; 7 Heads of Government Also Agree to Consider a New Body to Assist Italy Co-Slow Economic Policies Urged by 7 Leaders,"] ''New York Times.'' June 29, 1976; excerpt, "''SAN JUAN, P.R., June 28 President Ford and six other leaders of industrial democracies announced here today that they had agreed to pursue the objective of sustained economic growth.... The leaders met at the palm fringed Dorado Beach Resort near here.''"</ref>


The [[G8#History|Group of Six]] ([[G8#History|G6]]) was an unofficial forum which brought together the heads of the richest industrialized countries: [[France]], [[West Germany]], [[Italy]], [[Japan]], the [[United Kingdom]] and the [[United States]]; and the [[G8#History|Group of Seven]] ([[G8#History|G7]]), meeting for the first time this year, is formed with the addition of [[Canada]].<ref name="saunders1">Saunders, Doug. [https://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/world/weight-of-the-world-too-heavy-for-g8-shoulders/article25580012/ "Weight of the world too heavy for G8 shoulders,"] ''Globe and Mail'' (Toronto). July 5, 2008 -- n.b., the G7 becomes the G8 with the inclusion of [[Russia]] starting in 1997.</ref> This summit, and the others which would follow, were not meant to be linked formally with wider international institutions; and in fact, a kind of frustrated rebellion against the stiff formality of other international meetings was an element in the genesis of cooperation between France's [[President]] and West Germany's [[Chancellor]] as they conceived the first summit of the G6.<ref name="reinalda205">Reinalda, Bob and Bertjan Verbeek. (1998). [https://books.google.com/books?id=Bt3AzOHtXwgC&pg=PA205&dq=G7+summit&client=firefox-a#PPA205,M1 ''Autonomous Policy Making by International Organizations,'' p. 205.]</ref>
The [[G8#History|Group of Six]] (G6) was an unofficial forum which brought together the heads of the richest industrialized countries: [[France]], [[West Germany]], [[Italy]], [[Japan]], the [[United Kingdom]], and the [[United States]]; and the [[G8#History|Group of Seven]] (G7), meeting for the first time this year, was formed with the addition of [[Canada]].<ref name="saunders1">Saunders, Doug. [https://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/world/weight-of-the-world-too-heavy-for-g8-shoulders/article25580012/ "Weight of the world too heavy for G8 shoulders,"] ''Globe and Mail'' (Toronto). July 5, 2008 -- n.b., the G7 becomes the G8 with the inclusion of [[Russia]] starting in 1997.</ref> This summit, and the others which would follow, were not meant to be linked formally with wider international institutions; and in fact, a kind of frustrated rebellion against the stiff formality of other international meetings was an element in the genesis of cooperation between France's president and West Germany's chancellor as they conceived the first summit of the G6.<ref name="reinalda205">Reinalda, Bob and Bertjan Verbeek. (1998). [https://books.google.com/books?id=Bt3AzOHtXwgC&dq=G7+summit&pg=PA205 ''Autonomous Policy Making by International Organizations,'' p. 205.]</ref>


==Leaders at the summit==
==Leaders at the summit==
The G7 is an unofficial annual forum for the leaders of Canada, France, West Germany, Italy, Japan, the United Kingdom and the United States.
The G7 is an unofficial annual forum for the leaders of Canada, France, West Germany, Italy, Japan, the United Kingdom and the United States.


The 2nd G7 summit was the first summit for [[Prime Minister of the United Kingdom|British Prime Minister]] [[James Callaghan]] and [[Prime Minister of Canada|Canadian Prime Minister]] [[Pierre Trudeau]] as it was formed with the addition of Canada. It was also the last summit for [[Prime Minister of Italy|Italian Prime Minister]] [[Aldo Moro]], [[Prime Minister of Japan|Japanese Prime Minister]] [[Takeo Miki]] and [[President of the United States|U.S. President]] [[Gerald Ford]].
The 2nd G7 summit was the first summit for [[Prime Minister of the United Kingdom|British Prime Minister]] [[James Callaghan]] and, as it was formed with the addition of Canada, [[Prime Minister of Canada|Canadian Prime Minister]] [[Pierre Trudeau]]. It was also the last summit for [[Prime Minister of Italy|Italian Prime Minister]] [[Aldo Moro]], [[Prime Minister of Japan|Japanese Prime Minister]] [[Takeo Miki]], and [[President of the United States|US President]] [[Gerald Ford]].

The first summit session began at 4:15 p.m. and concluded at 7:05 p.m., while the second and final took place between 9:00 a.m. and 11:30 a.m.,<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|title=The Economic Summit at Puerto Rico, March 1976–January 1977|url=https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v31/ch4|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210812202614/https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v31/ch4|archive-date=2021-08-12|access-date=2021-08-22|website=[[Office of the Historian]]}}</ref> however, the leaders' held speeches until 3:00 p.m.<ref name=":0" /> Both sessions were celebrated at the Dorado Beach Hotel's Salon Del Mar.<ref name=":1" />


===Participants===
===Participants===
These summit participants are the current "core members" of the international forum:<ref>Rieffel, Lex. [http://www.brookings.edu/opinions/2009/0327_global_governance_rieffel.aspx "Regional Voices in Global Governance: Looking to 2010 (Part IV),"] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100603074840/http://www.brookings.edu/opinions/2009/0327_global_governance_rieffel.aspx |date=June 3, 2010 }} Brookings. March 27, 2009; [http://g8.gc.ca/about/member-states/ "core" members (Muskoka 2010 G-8, official site).] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100603074840/http://g8.gc.ca/about/member-states/ |date=June 3, 2010 }}</ref><ref name="j-mofa1"/><ref name="eu">MOFA: [http://www.mofa.go.jp/policy/economy/summit/2000/past_summit/table_e/index.html Summit (8)]; [[European Union]]: [http://www.deljpn.ec.europa.eu/union/showpage_en_union.external.g8.php "EU and the G8"] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070226000000/http://www.deljpn.ec.europa.eu/union/showpage_en_union.external.g8.php |date=February 26, 2007 }}</ref> Trudeau of Canada had been invited because he had eight years experience.
These summit participants are the current "core members" of the international forum:<ref>Rieffel, Lex. [http://www.brookings.edu/opinions/2009/0327_global_governance_rieffel.aspx "Regional Voices in Global Governance: Looking to 2010 (Part IV),"] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100603074840/http://www.brookings.edu/opinions/2009/0327_global_governance_rieffel.aspx |date=June 3, 2010 }} Brookings. March 27, 2009; [http://g8.gc.ca/about/member-states/ "core" members (Muskoka 2010 G-8, official site).] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100603074840/http://g8.gc.ca/about/member-states/ |date=June 3, 2010 }}</ref><ref name="j-mofa1"/><ref name="eu">MOFA: [http://www.mofa.go.jp/policy/economy/summit/2000/past_summit/table_e/index.html Summit (8)]; [[European Union]]: [http://www.deljpn.ec.europa.eu/union/showpage_en_union.external.g8.php "EU and the G8"] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070226165606/http://www.deljpn.ec.europa.eu/union/showpage_en_union.external.g8.php |date=February 26, 2007 }}</ref> Trudeau of Canada had been invited because he had eight years experience.


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
|-
|-
|colspan="5" style="text-align: center; background:Gainsboro" |'''[[Group of Seven|Core G7 members]]'''<br><small>Host state and leader are shown in bold text.</small>
|colspan="5" style="text-align: center; background:Gainsboro" |'''[[G7|Core G7 members]]'''<br><small>Host state and leader are shown in bold text.</small>
|- style="background:LightSteelBlue; text-align:center;"
|- style="background:LightSteelBlue; text-align:center;"
! colspan=2 | Member
! colspan=2 | Member
Line 37: Line 52:
| 1968
| 1968
|-
|-
! {{flagicon|FRA}}
! {{flagicon|FRA|1974}}
| [[France]]
| [[France]]
| [[Valéry Giscard d'Estaing]]
| [[Valéry Giscard d'Estaing]]
Line 46: Line 61:
| [[West Germany]]
| [[West Germany]]
| [[Helmut Schmidt]]
| [[Helmut Schmidt]]
| [[Chancellor of Germany (1949–)|Chancellor]]
| [[Chancellor of Germany|Chancellor]]
| 1974
| 1974
|-
|-
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| 1974
| 1974
|-
|-
! {{flagicon|Japan|1870}}
! {{flagicon|Japan|1947}}
| [[Japan]]
| [[Japan]]
| [[Takeo Miki]]
| [[Takeo Miki]]
Line 78: Line 93:


==Gallery==
==Gallery==
<gallery widths="145px">
<gallery widths="145">
File:Pierre Trudeau (1975).jpg|{{flagicon|Canada}} '''[[Canada]]'''<br />[[Pierre Trudeau]], <br />[[Prime Minister of Canada|Prime Minister]]
File:Pierre Trudeau (1975).jpg|{{flagicon|Canada}} '''[[Canada]]'''<br />[[Pierre Trudeau]], <br />[[Prime Minister of Canada|Prime Minister]]
File:Valéry Giscard d’Estaing 1978.jpg|{{flagicon|France}} '''[[France]]'''<br />[[Valéry Giscard d'Estaing]], [[President of France|President]]
File:Valéry Giscard d'Estaing (1975).jpg|{{flagicon|France|1974}} '''[[France]]'''<br />[[Valéry Giscard d'Estaing]], [[President of France|President]]
File:Verteidigungsminister Helmut Schmidt.jpg|{{flagicon|Germany}} '''[[Germany]]'''<br />[[Helmut Schmidt]], <br />[[Chancellor of Germany (Federal Republic)|Chancellor]]
File:Bundeskanzler Helmut Schmidt.jpg|{{flagicon|Germany}} '''[[Germany]]'''<br />[[Helmut Schmidt]], <br />[[Chancellor of Germany (Federal Republic)|Chancellor]]
File:Aldo Moro headshot.jpg|{{flagicon|Italy}} '''[[Italy]]'''<br />[[Aldo Moro]], <br />[[Prime Minister of Italy|Prime Minister]]
File:Aldo Moro portrait.jpg|{{flagicon|Italy}} '''[[Italy]]'''<br />[[Aldo Moro]], <br />[[Prime Minister of Italy|Prime Minister]]
File:Takeo Miki-2-1.jpg|{{flagicon|Japan}} '''[[Japan]]'''<br />[[Takeo Miki]], <br />[[Prime Minister of Japan|Prime Minister]]
File:Takeo Miki 19741209.jpg|{{flagicon|Japan|1947}} '''[[Japan]]'''<br />[[Takeo Miki]], <br />[[Prime Minister of Japan|Prime Minister]]
File:James Callaghan.JPG|{{flagicon|United Kingdom}} '''[[United Kingdom]]'''<br />[[James Callaghan]], <br />[[Prime Minister of the United Kingdom|Prime Minister]]
File:James Callaghan (1975).jpg|{{flagicon|United Kingdom}} '''[[United Kingdom]]'''<br />[[James Callaghan]], <br />[[Prime Minister of the United Kingdom|Prime Minister]]
File:Gerald Ford.jpg|{{flagicon|United States}} '''[[United States]]'''<br />[[Gerald Ford]], <br />[[President of the United States|President]]
File:Gerald Ford presidential portrait (cropped).jpg|{{flagicon|United States}} '''[[United States]]'''<br />[[Gerald Ford]], <br />[[President of the United States|President]]
</gallery>
</gallery>


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==Notes==
==Notes==
* Bayne, Nicholas and Robert D. Putnam. (2000). [https://books.google.com/books?id=BqkEAQAAIAAJ&q=G7+summit ''Hanging in There: The G7 and G8 Summit in Maturity and Renewal.''] Aldershot, Hampshire, England: [[Ashgate Publishing]]. {{ISBN|978-0-7546-1185-1}}; [http://www.worldcat.org/wcpa/oclc/43186692 OCLC 43186692]
{{reflist|2}}
* Reinalda, Bob and Bertjan Verbeek. (1998). [https://books.google.com/books?id=Bt3AzOHtXwgC ''Autonomous Policy Making by International Organizations.''] London: [[Routledge]]. {{ISBN|978-0-415-16486-3}}; {{ISBN|978-0-203-45085-7}}; [https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/39013643 OCLC 39013643]


==References==
==References==
{{reflist}}
* Bayne, Nicholas and Robert D. Putnam. (2000). [https://books.google.com/books?id=BqkEAQAAIAAJ&q=G7+summit&dq=G7+summit&client=firefox-a&pgis=1 ''Hanging in There: The G7 and G8 Summit in Maturity and Renewal.''] Aldershot, Hampshire, England: [[Ashgate Publishing]]. {{ISBN|978-0-7546-1185-1}}; [http://www.worldcat.org/wcpa/oclc/43186692 OCLC 43186692]
* Reinalda, Bob and Bertjan Verbeek. (1998). [https://books.google.com/books?id=Bt3AzOHtXwgC&client=firefox-a ''Autonomous Policy Making by International Organizations.''] London: [[Routledge]]. {{ISBN|978-0-415-16486-3}}; {{ISBN|978-0-203-45085-7}}; [http://www.worldcat.org/title/autonomous-policy-making-by-international-organizations/oclc/39013643&referer=brief_results OCLC 39013643]


==External links==
==External links==
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** [http://www.g8.utoronto.ca/summit/1976sanjuan/index.html G7 1976, delegations & documents]
** [http://www.g8.utoronto.ca/summit/1976sanjuan/index.html G7 1976, delegations & documents]


* [https://www.fordlibrarymuseum.gov/library/document/0248/whpr19760626-002.pdf Presidential Itinerary (June 26–28, 1976)]
** [https://www.fordlibrarymuseum.gov/library/document/0036/pdd760626.pdf Presidential Daily Diary (June 26, 1976)]
** [https://www.fordlibrarymuseum.gov/library/document/0036/pdd760627.pdf Presidential Daily Diary (June 27, 1976)]
** [https://www.fordlibrarymuseum.gov/library/document/0036/pdd760628.pdf Presidential Daily Diary (June 28, 1976)]
* ''[https://www.fordlibrarymuseum.gov/library/document/0248/whpr19760628-013.pdf Joint Declaration]''
* [https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v31/d148 ''Memorandum of Conversation'' (First Session, June 27, 1976)]
* [https://history.state.gov/historicaldocuments/frus1969-76v31/d149 ''Memorandum of Conversation'' (Second Session, June 28, 1976)]
*Documents archived at the [[Gerald R. Ford Presidential Library]]
**[https://www.fordlibrarymuseum.gov/library/document/0122/1252935.pdf President's Introductory Statement at the Puerto Rico Summit]
**[https://www.fordlibrarymuseum.gov/LIBRARY/document/0014/1075764.pdf Economic Summit - Puerto Rico documents]
**[https://www.fordlibrarymuseum.gov/library/document/0314/1553474.pdf National Security Adviser's Memoranda of Conversation]
**[https://www.fordlibrarymuseum.gov/library/document/0011/1683380.pdf International Economic Summit - Puerto Rico, 1976]
**[https://www.fordlibrarymuseum.gov/LIBRARY/document/0314/1553487.pdf Puerto Rico Economic Summit memorandum]
**[https://www.fordlibrarymuseum.gov/library/document/0122/1252934.pdf Remarks Upon Arrival for International Summit Conference, Puerto Rico]
{{G8 summits}}
{{G8 summits}}


[[Category:G7 summits|1976]]
[[Category:1976 in politics|G7 summit]]
[[Category:1976 in politics|G7 summit]]
[[Category:1976 in the United States|G7 summit]]
[[Category:Diplomatic conferences in the United States|G7 summit 1976]]
[[Category:20th-century diplomatic conferences|G7 summit 1976]]
[[Category:1976 conferences|G7 summit]]
[[Category:1976 conferences|G7 summit]]
[[Category:1976 in international relations]]
[[Category:1976 in international relations]]
[[Category:1976 in Puerto Rico]]
[[Category:1976 in Puerto Rico]]
[[Category:June 1976 events]]
[[Category:20th-century diplomatic conferences|G7 summit 1976]]
[[Category:Diplomatic conferences in the United States|G7 summit 1976]]
[[Category:G7 summits|1976]]
[[Category:June 1976 events in North America]]

Revision as of 11:45, 18 April 2024

2nd G7 summit
Rambouillet II
Economic Summit at Puerto Rico
Delegates from Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States during the second session
Host countryVereinigte Staaten
DatesJune 27–28, 1976
Venue(s)Dorado Beach Hotel (now Dorado Beach Resort)
Participants
Folgt1st G6 summit
Precedes3rd G7 summit

The 2nd G7 Summit, also called Rambouillet II,[1] was held at Dorado, Puerto Rico, between June 27 and 28, 1976.[2] The venue for the summit meetings was the Dorado Beach Hotel, now Dorado Beach Resort, which is near San Juan, Puerto Rico.[3]

The Group of Six (G6) was an unofficial forum which brought together the heads of the richest industrialized countries: France, West Germany, Italy, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States; and the Group of Seven (G7), meeting for the first time this year, was formed with the addition of Canada.[4] This summit, and the others which would follow, were not meant to be linked formally with wider international institutions; and in fact, a kind of frustrated rebellion against the stiff formality of other international meetings was an element in the genesis of cooperation between France's president and West Germany's chancellor as they conceived the first summit of the G6.[5]

Leaders at the summit

The G7 is an unofficial annual forum for the leaders of Canada, France, West Germany, Italy, Japan, the United Kingdom and the United States.

The 2nd G7 summit was the first summit for British Prime Minister James Callaghan and, as it was formed with the addition of Canada, Canadian Prime Minister Pierre Trudeau. It was also the last summit for Italian Prime Minister Aldo Moro, Japanese Prime Minister Takeo Miki, and US President Gerald Ford.

The first summit session began at 4:15 p.m. and concluded at 7:05 p.m., while the second and final took place between 9:00 a.m. and 11:30 a.m.,[6] however, the leaders' held speeches until 3:00 p.m.[3] Both sessions were celebrated at the Dorado Beach Hotel's Salon Del Mar.[6]

Participants

These summit participants are the current "core members" of the international forum:[7][2][8] Trudeau of Canada had been invited because he had eight years experience.

Core G7 members
Host state and leader are shown in bold text.
Member Represented by Titel In office since
Kanada Kanada Pierre Trudeau Prime Minister 1968
Frankreich Frankreich Valéry Giscard d'Estaing President 1974
West Germany West Germany Helmut Schmidt Chancellor 1974
Italien Italien Aldo Moro Prime Minister 1974
Japan Japan Takeo Miki Prime Minister 1974
Vereinigtes Königreich Vereinigtes Königreich James Callaghan Prime Minister 1976
Vereinigte Staaten Vereinigte Staaten Gerald Ford President 1974

Issues

The summit was intended as a venue for resolving differences among its members. As a practical matter, the summit was also conceived as an opportunity for its members to give each other mutual encouragement in the face of difficult economic decisions.[5]

See also

Notes

  • Bayne, Nicholas and Robert D. Putnam. (2000). Hanging in There: The G7 and G8 Summit in Maturity and Renewal. Aldershot, Hampshire, England: Ashgate Publishing. ISBN 978-0-7546-1185-1; OCLC 43186692
  • Reinalda, Bob and Bertjan Verbeek. (1998). Autonomous Policy Making by International Organizations. London: Routledge. ISBN 978-0-415-16486-3; ISBN 978-0-203-45085-7; OCLC 39013643

References

  1. ^ Silk, Leonard (16 June 1976). "New Economic Summit Has Political Air". The New York Times. p. 68. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on 3 February 2018. Retrieved 22 August 2021.
  2. ^ a b Japan, Ministry of Foreign Affairs (MOFA): Summit Meetings in the Past; although this article is named "2nd G7 summit" because it is the second in a series of summits which will become continuing, it is actually the first time that the G7 meets
  3. ^ a b US Embassy in Japan: Chronology, June 1976; Archived 2010-07-15 at the Wayback Machine Shabecoff, Philip. "Go-Slow Policies Urged by Leaders in Economic Talks; Closing Statement Calls for Sustained Growth Coupled With Curbs on Inflation; Ford's Aims Realized; 7 Heads of Government Also Agree to Consider a New Body to Assist Italy Co-Slow Economic Policies Urged by 7 Leaders," New York Times. June 29, 1976; excerpt, "SAN JUAN, P.R., June 28 President Ford and six other leaders of industrial democracies announced here today that they had agreed to pursue the objective of sustained economic growth.... The leaders met at the palm fringed Dorado Beach Resort near here."
  4. ^ Saunders, Doug. "Weight of the world too heavy for G8 shoulders," Globe and Mail (Toronto). July 5, 2008 -- n.b., the G7 becomes the G8 with the inclusion of Russia starting in 1997.
  5. ^ a b Reinalda, Bob and Bertjan Verbeek. (1998). Autonomous Policy Making by International Organizations, p. 205.
  6. ^ a b "The Economic Summit at Puerto Rico, March 1976–January 1977". Office of the Historian. Archived from the original on 12 August 2021. Retrieved 22 August 2021.
  7. ^ Rieffel, Lex. "Regional Voices in Global Governance: Looking to 2010 (Part IV)," Archived June 3, 2010, at the Wayback Machine Brookings. March 27, 2009; "core" members (Muskoka 2010 G-8, official site). Archived June 3, 2010, at the Wayback Machine
  8. ^ MOFA: Summit (8); European Union: "EU and the G8" Archived February 26, 2007, at the Wayback Machine