Battle of Randeniwela: Difference between revisions

Battle of Randeniwela
	Part of Sinhalese–Portuguese War
Date	25 August 1630
Standort	Randeniwela near Wellawaya
Result	Sinhalese victory
Belligerents
Kingdom of Kandy	Portuguese Empire
Commanders and leaders
King Senarat; Prince Maha Astana	Constantino de Sá de Noronha †
Strength
>35,000	1,500 Portuguese; 20,000 Lascarins
Casualties and losses
	most died with 200 POWs

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The Battle of Randeniwela was fought on 25 August 1630 in the Sinhalese–Portuguese War. It was fought between Portuguese Empire and King Senarth's youngest son Prince Maha Astana, who would later become Rajasinghe II against Portuguese forces commanded by then Governor Constantinu De Sá de Noronha.^[3] It was fought at Randeniwela near Wellawaya, a place close to the town of Badulla. The battle broke off when Constantino de Sá launched the invasion via Badulla. The Portuguese army suffered a complete rout subsequent to a mass defection by its Lascarin (local militia) contingent.^[4]^[5]^[6]

Background

Battle

At Randeniwela the entire Lascarin contingent joined the Kandyan forces.^[4]^[5]^[6] This was followed by a rain of arrows and bullets, in the night, against which it was impossible for the Portuguese to erect any protection. Into the bargain the torrential rain that poured down drenched the Portuguese army for several hours rendering the gunpowder and matches of their arquebuses useless.^[3]

Dom Cosmo, one of the four Lascarin captains who eventually rebelled against the Portuguese, is said to have begun the native revolt by 'striking off the head of a Portuguese and holding it aloft on his lance'.^[7]

For this service, Dom Cosmo was awarded several Nindagams (tributary villages) ^[8] and the Katugaha Walauwa by King Senarath.^{[citation needed]} His daughter married (Binna) from a prominent family in the area. Keppetipola Dissawa is believed to be a direct descendant of his.

Aftermath

The Portuguese suffered a devastating defeat in this battle.

References

^ "Impact | Sundayobserver.lk – Sri Lanka". sundayobserver.lk. Archived from the original on 7 February 2008. Retrieved 5 January 2015.
^ Goonewardena, K.W. (1958). The foundation of Dutch power in Ceylon, 1638–1658. Djambatan. Retrieved 5 January 2015.
^ ^a ^b Rasin Deviyo Archived 22 December 2015 at the Wayback Machine – Chandra Tilake Edirisuriya (Ceylon Today) Accessed 2015-12-13
^ ^a ^b The Portuguese in Ceylon: Before the war with the Dutch – Colonial Voyage Web. Accessed 2015-11-25
^ ^a ^b The Historic Tragedy of the Island of Ceilāo – J. Ribeiro (AES) ISBN 8120613341 pp. 20, 91–92
^ ^a ^b Wickramasinghe, Nira (2005). Sri Lanka in the Modern Age: A History of Contested Indentities. C Hurst & Co Publishers Ltd. p. 13. ISBN 978-18-5065-807-8. Retrieved 18 February 2016.
^ Ribeyro, João (1681). History of Ceylon. Archive.org. p. 108.
^ Pieris, Kamalika. "Land tenure in 16th Century Sri Lanka". The Island.

External links

"WWW Virtual Library". lankalibrary.com. Retrieved 5 January 2015.
"Online edition of Sunday Observer - Features". sundayobserver.lk. Archived from the original on 24 September 2015. Retrieved 5 January 2015.
Information Laboratories (Pvt.) Ltd. "The Sunday Times Plus Section". sundaytimes.lk. Retrieved 5 January 2015.
"Tales from the hills of Uva". sundaytimes.lk. Retrieved 5 January 2015.
[1]
"Yala Safari, Yala National Park, UVA Province Sri Lanka, Hill Country Sri lanka, Ella Sri Lanka, Kateragama Sri Lanka". boutiquesrilanka.com. Retrieved 5 January 2015.
"Free Services for PR :: News :: Press Releases". pr-inside.com. Archived from the original on 28 March 2012. Retrieved 2015-01-05.
From prof Mendis Rohanadheera
Gifts for War Heros

[sundayobserver-1] "Impact | Sundayobserver.lk – Sri Lanka". sundayobserver.lk. Archived from the original on 7 February 2008. Retrieved 5 January 2015.

[google-2] Goonewardena, K.W. (1958). The foundation of Dutch power in Ceylon, 1638–1658. Djambatan. Retrieved 5 January 2015.

[lingo-3] Rasin Deviyo Archived 22 December 2015 at the Wayback Machine – Chandra Tilake Edirisuriya (Ceylon Today) Accessed 2015-12-13

[Voyage-4] The Portuguese in Ceylon: Before the war with the Dutch – Colonial Voyage Web. Accessed 2015-11-25

[Ceilo-5] The Historic Tragedy of the Island of Ceilāo – J. Ribeiro (AES) ISBN 8120613341 pp. 20, 91–92

[Nira-6] Wickramasinghe, Nira (2005). Sri Lanka in the Modern Age: A History of Contested Indentities. C Hurst & Co Publishers Ltd. p. 13. ISBN 978-18-5065-807-8. Retrieved 18 February 2016.

[7] Ribeyro, João (1681). History of Ceylon. Archive.org. p. 108.

[8] Pieris, Kamalika. "Land tenure in 16th Century Sri Lanka". The Island.

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

[8]

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
+{{Short description|1630 battle in the Sinhalese–Portuguese War}}
 {{Use dmy dates|date=December 2013}}
 {{Infobox military conflict
@@ Line 6: / Line 7: @@
 | caption     =
 | date        = 25 August 1630
-| place       = [[Randeniwela]] near [[Wellawaya]]<ref name="sundayobserver">{{cite web|url=http://www.sundayobserver.lk/2008/02/03/imp02.asp|title=Impact &#124; Sundayobserver.lk - Sri Lanka|publisher=sundayobserver.lk|accessdate=2015-01-05}}</ref>
+| place       = [[Randeniwela]] near [[Wellawaya]]<ref name="sundayobserver">{{cite web|url=https://archives.sundayobserver.lk/2008/02/03/imp02.asp|title=Impact &#124; Sundayobserver.lk – Sri Lanka|publisher=sundayobserver.lk|access-date=2015-01-05|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080207185848/http://www.sundayobserver.lk/2008/02/03/imp02.asp|archive-date=7 February 2008|df=dmy-all}}</ref>
 | coordinates =
 | map_type    =
 | latitude    =
@@ Line 15: / Line 16: @@
 | map_label   =
 | territory   =
-| result      =
+| result      = Sinhalese victory
 | status      =
-| combatant1  = [[Kingdom of Kandy]]
+| combatant1  = {{flagicon image|King of Kandy.svg}} [[Kingdom of Kandy]]
-| combatant2  = [[Portuguese Empire]]
+| combatant2  = {{flagicon|Kingdom of Portugal|1578}} [[Portuguese Empire]]
 | combatant3  =
-| commander1  = [[Senarat of Sri Lanka|Senarat]]<br>[[Rajasinghe II of Sri Lanka|Prince Mahastana]]<br/>Prince Vijayapala
+| commander1  = [[Senarat of Kandy|King Senarat]]<br>[[Rajasinghe II of Sri Lanka|Prince Maha Astana]]
-| commander2  = [[Constantino de Sá de Noronha]]
+| commander2  = [[Constantino de Sá de Noronha]]{{KIA}}
 | commander3  =
 | strength1   = >35,000
-| strength2   =
+| strength2   = [[1,500 Portuguese]]<br>[[20,000 Lascarins]]
 | strength3   =
 | casualties1 =
-| casualties2 = most died with 200 [[POW]]s<ref name="google">{{cite book|title=The foundation of Dutch power in Ceylon, 1638-1658|author=Goonewardena, K.W.|date=1958|publisher=Djambatan|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=B4FuAAAAMAAJ|accessdate=2015-01-05}}</ref>
+| casualties2 = most died with 200 [[POW]]s<ref name="google">{{cite book|title=The foundation of Dutch power in Ceylon, 1638–1658|author=Goonewardena, K.W.|date=1958|publisher=Djambatan|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=B4FuAAAAMAAJ|access-date=2015-01-05}}</ref>
 | casualties3 =
 | notes       =
 }}
@@ Line 34: / Line 35: @@
 {{Portuguese colonial campaigns}}
-The '''Battle of Randeniwela''' was a battle fought on 25 August 1630 in the [[Sinhalese–Portuguese War]]. It was fought between [[Senarat of Sri Lanka|Senarat]] and his sons [[Rajasinghe II of Sri Lanka|Prince Mahastana]], who would later become Rajasimha II [[king of Kandy]], and his brother Prince Vijayapala against the [[Portuguese period in Ceylon|Portuguese forces]] commanded by then [[List of Governors of Ceilão|Governor]] [[Constantino de Sá de Noronha]].<ref name=lingo>[http://www.ceylontoday.lk/64-92267-news-detail-rasin-deviyo.html Rasin Deviyo] - Chandra Tilake Edirisuriya (Ceylon Today) Accessed 2015-12-13</ref> It was fought at [[Randeniwela]] near [[Wellawaya]], a place close the town of [[Badulla]]. The battle broke off when Constantino de Sá launched the invasion via Badulla. The scene was an important historical event, where the Portuguese army was routed subsequent to the entire [[Lascarins]] (local militia) contingent defected.<ref name=Voyage>[http://www.colonialvoyage.com/portuguese-ceylon-portuguese-sri-lanka-before-war-dutch/ The Portuguese in Ceylon: Before the war with the Dutch] - Colonial Voyage Web. Accessed 2015-11-25</ref><ref name=Ceilo>[https://books.google.com/books?id=3OLhcTjEFCcC&pg=PR1 The Historic Tragedy of the Island of Ceilāo] - J. Ribeiro (AES) ISBN 8120613341 p 20, 91-92</ref><ref name=Nira>{{cite book|first=Nira |last=Wickramasinghe |authorlink=Nira Wickramasinghe|title=Sri Lanka in the Modern Age: A History of Contested Indentities|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Y-xQ8qk9mgYC&q=Nayar#v=snippet&q=Nayar&f=false|accessdate=18 February 2016|year=2005|publisher=C Hurst & Co Publishers Ltd|isbn=978-18-5065-807-8|pages=13}}</ref>
+The '''Battle of Randeniwela''' was fought on 25 August 1630 in the [[Sinhalese–Portuguese War]]. It was fought between [[Portuguese Empire]] and [[Senarat of Kandy|King Senarth's]] youngest son [[Rajasinghe II of Sri Lanka|Prince Maha Astana]], who would later become Rajasinghe II against [[Portuguese period in Ceylon|Portuguese forces]] commanded by then [[List of Governors of Ceilão|Governor]] [[Constantino de Sá de Noronha|Constantinu De Sá de Noronha]].<ref name=lingo>[http://www.ceylontoday.lk/64-92267-news-detail-rasin-deviyo.html Rasin Deviyo] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151222130125/http://www.ceylontoday.lk/64-92267-news-detail-rasin-deviyo.html |date=22 December 2015 }} – Chandra Tilake Edirisuriya (Ceylon Today) Accessed 2015-12-13</ref> It was fought at [[Randeniwela]] near [[Wellawaya]], a place close to the town of [[Badulla]]. The battle broke off when Constantino de Sá launched the invasion via [[Badulla]]. The Portuguese army suffered a complete rout subsequent to a mass defection by its [[Lascarins|Lascarin]] (local militia) contingent.<ref name=Voyage>[http://www.colonialvoyage.com/portuguese-ceylon-portuguese-sri-lanka-before-war-dutch/ The Portuguese in Ceylon: Before the war with the Dutch] – Colonial Voyage Web. Accessed 2015-11-25</ref><ref name=Ceilo>[https://books.google.com/books?id=3OLhcTjEFCcC&pg=PR1 The Historic Tragedy of the Island of Ceilāo] – J. Ribeiro (AES) {{ISBN|8120613341}} pp. 20, 91–92</ref><ref name=Nira>{{cite book|first=Nira |last=Wickramasinghe |author-link=Nira Wickramasinghe|title=Sri Lanka in the Modern Age: A History of Contested Indentities|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Y-xQ8qk9mgYC&q=Nayar|access-date=18 February 2016|year=2005|publisher=C Hurst & Co Publishers Ltd|isbn=978-18-5065-807-8|page=13}}</ref>
 ==Background==
-[[Campaign of Danture]]
+{{main|Campaign of Danture}}
 ==Battle==
-At Randeniwela the entire [[Lascarin]] army joined the Kandyan forces.<ref name=Voyage/><ref name=Ceilo/><ref name=Nira/> This was followed by a rain of arrows and bullets, in the night, against which it was impossible for the Portuguese to erect any protection. Into the bargain the torrential rain that poured down drenched the Portuguese army for several hours rendering the [[gunpowder]] and matches useless.<ref name=lingo/> Dom Cosmo was one of the four [[Lascarin]] captains who fought alongside the Portuguese. Don Cosmo supposedly killed the Portuguese governor who was fighting valiantly. After the war King Senarath provided Dom Cosmo with several nindagams and gave him Katugaha Walauwa to use as his residence.{{citation needed|date=December 2015}}
+At Randeniwela the entire [[Lascarin]] contingent joined the Kandyan forces.<ref name=Voyage/><ref name=Ceilo/><ref name=Nira/> This was followed by a rain of arrows and bullets, in the night, against which it was impossible for the Portuguese to erect any protection. Into the bargain the torrential rain that poured down drenched the Portuguese army for several hours rendering the [[gunpowder]] and matches of their [[arquebus]]es useless.<ref name=lingo/>
+Dom Cosmo, one of the four [[Lascarin]] captains who eventually rebelled against the Portuguese, is said to have begun the native revolt by 'striking off the head of a Portuguese and holding it aloft on his lance'.<ref>{{Cite book|title=History of Ceylon|last=Ribeyro|first=João|year=1681|location=Archive.org|pages=108}}</ref>
-He did not have any male offspring. His daughter married (Binna) from a famous family in the area and Keppetipola Dissawa is a direct descendant of his.
+For this service, Dom Cosmo was awarded several Nindagams (tributary villages) <ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.island.lk/index.php?page_cat=article-details&page=article-details&code_title=38335|title=Land tenure in 16th Century Sri Lanka|last=Pieris|first=Kamalika|work=The Island}}</ref> and the Katugaha [[Walauwa]] by King Senarath.{{citation needed|date=December 2015}} His daughter married (Binna) from a prominent family in the area. [[Keppetipola Disawe|Keppetipola Dissawa]] is believed to be a direct descendant of his.
 ==Aftermath==
+The [[Portuguese Empire|Portuguese]] suffered a devastating defeat in this battle.
-{{Empty section|date=July 2010}}
-==See also==
-{{Empty section|date=July 2010}}
 ==References==
@@ Line 54: / Line 54: @@
 ==External links==
-*{{cite web|url=http://www.lankalibrary.com/geo/portu/dona.htm|title=WWW Virtual Library|publisher=lankalibrary.com|accessdate=2015-01-05}}
+*{{cite web|url=http://www.lankalibrary.com/geo/portu/dona.htm|title=WWW Virtual Library|publisher=lankalibrary.com|access-date=2015-01-05}}
-*{{cite web|url=http://www.sundayobserver.lk/2005/03/20/fea32.html|title=Online edition of Sunday Observer - Features|publisher=sundayobserver.lk|accessdate=2015-01-05}}
+*{{cite web|url=https://archives.sundayobserver.lk/2005/03/20/fea32.html|title=Online edition of Sunday Observer - Features|publisher=sundayobserver.lk|access-date=2015-01-05|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924120915/http://www.sundayobserver.lk/2005/03/20/fea32.html|archive-date=24 September 2015|url-status=live|df=dmy-all}}
-*{{cite web|url=http://sundaytimes.lk/990117/plus2.html|title=The Sunday Times Plus Section|author=Information Laboratories (Pvt.) Ltd.|publisher=sundaytimes.lk|accessdate=2015-01-05}}
+*{{cite web|url=http://sundaytimes.lk/990117/plus2.html|title=The Sunday Times Plus Section|author=Information Laboratories (Pvt.) Ltd.|publisher=sundaytimes.lk|access-date=2015-01-05}}
-*{{cite web|url=http://sundaytimes.lk/080629/Plus/timesplus0011.html|title=Tales from the hills of Uva|publisher=sundaytimes.lk|accessdate=2015-01-05}}
+*{{cite web|url=http://sundaytimes.lk/080629/Plus/timesplus0011.html|title=Tales from the hills of Uva|publisher=sundaytimes.lk|access-date=2015-01-05}}
 * [https://web.archive.org/web/20061108015613/http://www.manthree.com/history/kandy_port.htm]
-*{{cite web|url=http://www.boutiquesrilanka.com/regions_uva_province_overview.php|title=Yala Safari, Yala National Park, UVA Province Sri Lanka, Hill Country Sri lanka, Ella Sri Lanka, Kateragama Sri Lanka|publisher=boutiquesrilanka.com|accessdate=2015-01-05}}
+*{{cite web|url=http://www.boutiquesrilanka.com/regions_uva_province_overview.php|title=Yala Safari, Yala National Park, UVA Province Sri Lanka, Hill Country Sri lanka, Ella Sri Lanka, Kateragama Sri Lanka|publisher=boutiquesrilanka.com|access-date=2015-01-05}}
-*{{cite web|url=http://www.pr-inside.com/jaffna-under-portuguese-rule-r701037.htm |title=Free Services for PR :: News :: Press Releases |publisher=pr-inside.com |accessdate=2015-01-05 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120328190359/http://www.pr-inside.com/jaffna-under-portuguese-rule-r701037.htm |archivedate=28 March 2012 |df=dmy }}
+*{{cite web|url=http://www.pr-inside.com/jaffna-under-portuguese-rule-r701037.htm |title=Free Services for PR :: News :: Press Releases |publisher=pr-inside.com |access-date=2015-01-05 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120328190359/http://www.pr-inside.com/jaffna-under-portuguese-rule-r701037.htm |archive-date=28 March 2012 |df=dmy }}
 * [http://www.divaina.com/2009/08/16/feature08.html From prof Mendis Rohanadheera]
 * [https://web.archive.org/web/20110722014604/http://www.lankadeepa.lk/Section/diyatha/20122009/12-1.html Gifts for War Heros]
 {{Armed Conflicts Involving Sri Lanka}}
 {{Kingdom of Kandy topics}}
+{{Authority control}}
-{{coord missing|Sri Lanka}}
+{{Coord missing|Sri Lanka}}
 {{DEFAULTSORT:Randeniwela, Battle of}}
@@ Line 76: / Line 78: @@
 [[Category:17th century in Sri Lanka]]
 [[Category:1630 in Asia]]
-[[Category:August 1630 events]]

v t e Major armed conflicts involving Sri Lanka
Domestic	Kotte conquest of the Jaffna kingdom 1971 JVP insurrection 1987–1989 JVP insurrection Sri Lankan Civil War
Foreign	Battle of Vijithapura Anuradhapura invasion of Pandya Chola conquest of Anuradhapura Polonnaruwa–Pagan War 1173 Polonnaruwa invasion of Chola Pandyan Civil War Malay invasions of Sri Lanka Ming–Kotte War Sinhalese–Portuguese conflicts Siege of Kotte Battle of Mulleriyawa Campaign of Danture Dutch–Portuguese War Portuguese conquest of the Jaffna kingdom 1560 1591 First Kandyan–Dutch War Second Kandyan–Dutch War Kandyan Wars Great Rebellion of 1817–1818 Matale rebellion Second Boer War World War I World War II Easter Sunday Raid Cocos Islands mutiny Operation Prosperity Guardian
Peacekeeping	United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon United Nations Stabilization Mission in Haiti United Nations Mission in the Central African Republic and Chad United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon
Related articles	Military history Ceylon in World War II