Cambodian name: Difference between revisions
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{{Short description|Names used or originating in Cambodia}} |
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{{Culture of Cambodia}} |
{{Culture of Cambodia}} |
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'''Khmer names''' are names used |
'''Cambodian names''' (or '''Khmer names'''; {{lang|km|ឈ្មោះខ្មែរ}} {{transl|km|chhmŏăh khmêr}}) are names used or originating in [[Cambodia]] which usually consist of two elements including a [[patronymic]], which serves as a common [[family name]] for siblings, followed by a [[given name]] (i.e. following the [[Eastern name order]]).<ref name=huffman>[http://homepages.newnet.co.uk/dance/webpjd/intro/worldnamexa-g.htm "Naming systems of the world"] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080423002014/http://homepages.newnet.co.uk/dance/webpjd/intro/worldnamexa-g.htm |date=2008-04-23 }} (self-published). Citing Huffman, Franklin Eugene. [https://books.google.com/books?id=NqqbGwAACAAJ ''Cambodian names and titles'']. Institute of Far Eastern Languages, [[Yale University]] (1968). [[OCLC]] 20035170.</ref><ref name=short/> An example is singer [[Sinn Sisamouth]], his surname (last name) is ''Sinn'' and his given name (first name) is ''Sisamouth'' (in [[Western world|Western]] sources, the two are sometimes reversed).<ref>Kershaw, Roger. ''Monarchy in South-East Asia: The Faces of Tradition in Transition''. [[Routledge]] (2001), [https://books.google.com/books?id=7GHpx6pTPlQC&pg=PR14&sig=rVqCKzRFHi6LWwd4Y_3MtoDq2I0 p xiv]. {{ISBN|0-415-18531-9}}.</ref> |
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The use of surnames in Cambodia is relatively recent and was not mandated by law until imposed by the French in 1910.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Whitaker|first=Donald P.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=B3EsAAAAYAAJ&dq=khmer+surnames&pg=PA60|title=Area Handbook for the Khmer Republic (Cambodia)|date=1973|publisher=U.S. Government Printing Office|pages=60|language=en}}</ref> Surnames are typically derived from the father's given name.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Huy|first1=Vannak|title=THE KHMER ROUGE DIVISION 703: From Victory to Self-destruction|date=2003|publisher=Documentation Center of Cambodia|location=Phnom Penh|pages=6 (note 1)|citeseerx=10.1.1.139.6706}}</ref> |
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Other [[Austroasiatic languages|Austroasiatic]] indigenous [[Ethnic groups in Cambodia|people groups within Cambodia]] have similar naming customs, while the [[Sino-Khmer]] and [[Vietnamese Cambodians|Viet-Khmer]] may follow [[Chinese name|Chinese]] and [[Vietnamese name|Vietnamese]] naming patterns, respectively. [[Chams]] in Cambodia may have either Khmer or Cham names or a combination of both. Cham name order is the reverse of the Khmer; the given name is followed by the father's given name.<ref name="Ueki">{{cite journal|last1=Ueki|first1=Kaori|title=PROSODY AND INTONATION OF WESTERN CHAM|date=2011|url=http://www.ling.hawaii.edu/graduate/Dissertations/KaoriUekiFinal.pdf|access-date=20 November 2017|publisher=University of Hawaii|archive-date=29 January 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210129165326/http://www.ling.hawaii.edu/graduate/Dissertations/KaoriUekiFinal.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref>{{rp|23}} |
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==Given names== |
==Given names== |
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==Surnames== |
==Surnames== |
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Surnames |
Historically, Khmer practiced [[cognatic kinship]] and reckoned descent bilaterally, and surnames were not used to trace descent. Surnames became mandatory only by legal decree during the French colonial era in 1910, but was rarely used outside of legal and administrative matters. After the passage of the law, parents often gave their children the father, grandfather or great-grandfather's given name as a surname. Some Khmer may also have surnames from the mother or two given names with one used as a surname. This heterogeneous naming practice continued into the 1970s and 1980s.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|last=Hein|first=Jeremy|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=D_EWAwAAQBAJ|title=Ethnic Origins: The Adaptation of Cambodian and Hmong Refugees in Four American Cities|date=2006-04-13|publisher=Russell Sage Foundation|isbn=978-1-61044-283-1|pages=52|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last1=Ehrman|first1=Madeline Elizabeth|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=POEPkJ-4iaUC&dq=khmer+surname&pg=PA108|title=Contemporary Cambodian: Grammatical Sketch|last2=Sos|first2=Kem|date=1972|publisher=Foreign Service Institute, Department of State|pages=108|language=en}}</ref> When they were used, they were usually taken from the father's given name and are generally monosyllabic.<ref name=fong>Mary Fong & Rueyling Chuang. ''Communicating Ethnic and Cultural Identity''. [[Rowman & Littlefield]] (2003), [https://books.google.com/books?id=lyy15odOFl0C&pg=PA40&sig=8_WAalpR0Va_WA-JrU18sawJILQ p40]. {{ISBN|0-7425-1739-X}}.</ref> Khmer surnames are sometimes identical to [[Chinese name|Chinese]] or [[Vietnamese name|Vietnamese]] surnames.<ref name=fong/> Women do not adopt their husbands' surnames.<ref name=struggling/> |
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==Origin and meanings== |
==Origin and meanings== |
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The earliest attested names among Khmer either have indigenous origins or were drawn from [[Sanskrit]]. The use of Sanskrit and Indic words as names continues to the present.<ref name=":0" /> |
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⚫ | The meanings of Khmer names are generally very simple and reference positive attributes. Cambodian people are called by their given names without a title (informal) or by their given names with a title (formal); the full name, including both family name and given name is often used<ref name=short>[[Philip Short|Short, Philip]]. ''Pol Pot: Anatomy of a Nightmare.'' [[Macmillan Publishers|Macmillan]] (2006), [https://books.google.com/books?id=XW24koscGMkC&pg=PR15&sig=d6viYwqeWrqU3O6VXdVbEvBxeXc p xv]. {{ISBN|0-8050-8006-6}}.</ref><ref name=struggling/> (Surnames are used as a form of address, however, in the case of names that originated as [[Khmer Rouge|revolutionary]] aliases).{{Clarify|date=December 2009}} |
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⚫ | The meanings of Khmer names are generally very simple and reference positive attributes. Cambodian people are called by their given names without a title (informal) or by their given names with a title (formal); the full name, including both family name and given name is often used<ref name="short">[[Philip Short|Short, Philip]]. ''Pol Pot: Anatomy of a Nightmare.'' [[Macmillan Publishers|Macmillan]] (2006), [https://books.google.com/books?id=XW24koscGMkC&pg=PR15&sig=d6viYwqeWrqU3O6VXdVbEvBxeXc p xv]. {{ISBN|0-8050-8006-6}}.</ref><ref name="struggling" /> (Surnames are used as a form of address, however, in the case of names that originated as [[Khmer Rouge|revolutionary]] aliases).{{Clarify|date=December 2009}} |
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Different naming traditions exist among ethnic groups other than the [[Khmer people|Khmer]] majority. The Cambodian population is 90% [[Buddhist]] and names are often taken from [[Buddhism]]. Among the [[Muslim]] minority, [[Arabic]] names are often used as family names.<ref name=huffman/> |
Different naming traditions exist among ethnic groups other than the [[Khmer people|Khmer]] majority. The Cambodian population is 90% [[Buddhist]] and names are often taken from [[Buddhism]]. Among the [[Muslim]] minority, [[Arabic]] names are often used as family names.<ref name=huffman/> |
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==Pronunciation== |
==Pronunciation== |
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{{Main|Khmer language#Phonology}} |
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Khmer names are usually pronounced with the stress (emphasis) placed on the last syllable.<ref>[http://www.khmerinstitute.com/culture/namelist.html Khmer Institute]</ref> [[Khmer phonology|Khmer]] uses a [[glottal stop]] (the brief stop in uh-oh) and other [[Stop consonant|stops]]: ''{{IPA|p}}'', ''{{IPA|t}}'', ''{{IPA|c}}'' and ''{{IPA|k}}'' which may or may not occur with [[Aspiration (phonetics)|aspiration]]. In romanizations of [[Khmer script]], aspiration (i.e., a breath sound) is usually marked with an ''h''. Final ''r'', ''d'', ''g'', ''s'', ''b'', and ''z'' sounds are not heard: Ngor is pronounced ''Ngow''. Some final consonants are written but not pronounced.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.csupomona.edu/~pronunciation/cambodian.html |title= |
Khmer names are usually pronounced with the stress (emphasis) placed on the last syllable.<ref>[http://www.khmerinstitute.com/culture/namelist.html Khmer Institute]</ref> [[Khmer phonology|Khmer]] uses a [[glottal stop]] (the brief stop in uh-oh) and other [[Stop consonant|stops]]: ''{{IPA|p}}'', ''{{IPA|t}}'', ''{{IPA|c}}'' and ''{{IPA|k}}'' which may or may not occur with [[Aspiration (phonetics)|aspiration]]. In romanizations of [[Khmer script]], aspiration (i.e., a breath sound) is usually marked with an ''h''. Final ''r'', ''d'', ''g'', ''s'', ''b'', and ''z'' sounds are not heard: Ngor is pronounced ''Ngow''. Some final consonants are written but not pronounced.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.csupomona.edu/~pronunciation/cambodian.html |title=Cal Poly Pomona |access-date=2011-06-26 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110705034650/http://www.csupomona.edu/~pronunciation/cambodian.html |archive-date=2011-07-05 }}</ref> |
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==List of some family names== |
==List of some family names== |
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Although historically, surnames were chosen from the father, grandfather, or great-grandfather's given name, in modern practice, surnames are now usually transmitted from father to children. Other ethnic groups, particularly Chinese-Cambodians and Vietnamese-Cambodians, may have a family name that is taken by each generation, in which case the name is pronounced similarly to the language of origin but within the bounds of Khmer phonology. Below is a list of some common family names,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://files.pbworks.com/download/UvRGDr1wV3/florin/13015381/what.language.does.he.speak.pdf|title= What Language Does He Speak? Asian Last Name Guide|url-access=subscription }}</ref> some of which are also found as given names. |
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{| class="wikitable sortable" |
{| class="wikitable sortable" |
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! Khmer !! IPA !! [[Romanization of Khmer#UNGEGN|UNGEGN]] !! |
! Khmer !! [[Help:IPA/Khmer|IPA]] !! [[Romanization of Khmer#UNGEGN|UNGEGN]] !! Common spellings |
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| កូយ || /kouy/ || Koy || Koy |
| កូយ || /kouy/ || Koy || Koy |
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| កឹម || /kəm/ || Kœ̆m || Koem |
| កឹម || /kəm/ || Kœ̆m || Koem |
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| កែប || /kaep/ || |
| កែប || /kaep/ || Kêb || Kaep, Kep |
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| កែវ || /kaew/ || Kêv || Kev, Kaev, Keo |
| កែវ || /kaew/ || Kêv || Kev, Kaev, Keo |
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| កាំង || /kaŋ/ || Kăng || Kang |
| កាំង || /kaŋ/ || Kăng || Kang |
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| ខាត់ || /kʰat/ || Khăt || Khat |
| ខាត់ || /kʰat/ || Khăt || Khat |
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| ខាយ || /kʰaːy/ || Khay || Khay |
| ខាយ || /kʰaːy/ || Khay || Khay |
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| ខៀវ || /kʰiəw/ || Khiĕv || Khiev, Kheav |
| ខៀវ || /kʰiəw/ || Khiĕv || Khiev, Kheav |
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| ខ្លូត || /kʰlout/ || Khlot || Khlot |
| ខ្លូត || /kʰlout/ || Khlot || Khlot |
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| គ្រី || /kriː/ || Kri || Kri, Kry, Kree |
| គ្រី || /kriː/ || Kri || Kri, Kry, Kree |
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| គឹម || /kɨm/ || Kœ̆m || Koem, Kim |
| គឹម || /kɨm/ || Kœ̆m || Koem, Kim |
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| គួច || /kuəc/ || Kuŏch || Kuoch |
| គួច || /kuəc/ || Kuŏch || Kuoch |
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| ឃាង || /kʰiəŋ/ || Khéang || Kheang |
| ឃាង || /kʰiəŋ/ || Khéang || Kheang |
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| ឃិន || /kʰɨn/ || Khĭn || Khin |
| ឃិន || /kʰɨn/ || Khĭn || Khin |
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| ឃីម || /kʰiːm/ || Khim || Khim |
| ឃីម || /kʰiːm/ || Khim || Khim |
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| ចន្ទ || /can/ || Chăn || Chan |
| ចន្ទ || /can/ || Chăn || Chan |
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| ចាន់ || /can/ || Chăn || Chan |
| ចាន់ || /can/ || Chăn || Chan |
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| ចាប || /caːp/ || |
| ចាប || /caːp/ || Chab || Chap |
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| ចេង || /ceːŋ/ || Chéng || Cheng |
| ចេង || /ceːŋ/ || Chéng || Cheng |
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| ចេន || /ceːn/ || Chén || Chen, Jen |
| ចេន || /ceːn/ || Chén || Chen, Jen |
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| ឆន || /cʰɑːn/ || Chhân || Chhan |
| ឆន || /cʰɑːn/ || Chhân || Chhan, Chhorn |
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|ឆាយ || /cʰaːy/ || Chhay || Chhay |
|ឆាយ || /cʰaːy/ || Chhay || Chhay |
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| ជា || /ciə/ || Chéa || Chea |
| ជា || /ciə/ || Chéa || Chea |
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| ជាម || /ciəm/ || Chéam || Cheam |
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| ជាម || /ciəm/ || Chéam || Cheam || bowl.<ref name="SEAlang Library Khmer">Headley, Robert K. [http://www.sealang.net/khmer/dictionary.htm "SEAlang Library Khmer"], ''SEAlang Library'', 05/14/2018</ref> From Persian [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/جام#Persian جام] (jam) meaning "cup". Or could be from Chinese [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E8%A9%B9 詹] (zhan) meaning "talk too much." |
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| ជិន || /cɨn/ || Chĭn || Chin, Jin |
| ជិន || /cɨn/ || Chĭn || Chin, Jin |
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| ជី || /ciː/ || Chi || Chi, Chy |
| ជី || /ciː/ || Chi || Chi, Chy |
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| ជឹម || /cɨm/ || Chœ̆m || Choem |
| ជឹម || /cɨm/ || Chœ̆m || Choem |
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| ជ័យ || /cɨj/ || Chey || Chey, Jey |
| ជ័យ || /cɨj/ || Chey || Chey, Jey |
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| ឈិត || /cʰɨt/ || Chhĭt || Chhit |
| ឈិត || /cʰɨt/ || Chhĭt || Chhit |
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| ឈិន || /cʰɨn/ || Chhĭn || Chhin |
| ឈិន || /cʰɨn/ || Chhĭn || Chhin |
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| ឈឹម || /cʰɨm/ || Chhœ̆m || Chhoem |
| ឈឹម || /cʰɨm/ || Chhœ̆m || Chhoem |
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| ញឹក || /ɲɨk/ || Nhœ̆k || Nhoek |
| ញឹក || /ɲɨk/ || Nhœ̆k || Nhoek |
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| ដួង || /ɗuəŋ/ || Duŏng || Duong |
| ដួង || /ɗuəŋ/ || Duŏng || Duong |
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| ឌិត || /ɗɨt/ || Dĭt || Dit, Dith |
| ឌិត || /ɗɨt/ || Dĭt || Dit, Dith |
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| ឌិន || /ɗɨn/ || Dĭn || Din |
| ឌិន || /ɗɨn/ || Dĭn || Din |
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| ឌី || /ɗiː/ || Di || Di, Dy, Dee |
| ឌី || /ɗiː/ || Di || Di, Dy, Dee |
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| ឌុល || /ɗul/ || Dŭl || Dul |
| ឌុល || /ɗul/ || Dŭl || Dul |
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| ឌួង || /ɗuəŋ/ || Duŏng || Duong |
| ឌួង || /ɗuəŋ/ || Duŏng || Duong |
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| តក់ || /tɑk/ || Ták || Tak |
| តក់ || /tɑk/ || Ták || Tak |
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| តាង || /taːŋ/ || Tang || Tang |
| តាង || /taːŋ/ || Tang || Tang |
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| តាត || /taːt/ || Tat || Tat, Tath |
| តាត || /taːt/ || Tat || Tat, Tath |
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| តូច || /touc/ || Toch || Toch, Touch |
| តូច || /touc/ || Toch || Toch, Touch |
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| តាំង || /taŋ/ || Tăng || Tang |
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| តាំង || /taŋ/ || Tăng || Tang || Possibly from Chinese [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E5%87%B3 凳] meaning "bench" or "chair".<ref name="SEAlang Library Khmer">Headley, Robert K. [http://www.sealang.net/khmer/dictionary.htm "SEAlang Library Khmer"], ''SEAlang Library'', 05/14/2018</ref> |
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| ថន || /tʰɑːn/ || Thân || Than, |
| ថន || /tʰɑːn/ || Thân || Than, Thorn |
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| ថៃ || /tʰaj/ || Thai || Thai |
| ថៃ || /tʰaj/ || Thai || Thai |
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| ទាវ || /tiəw/ || Téav || Teav |
| ទាវ || /tiəw/ || Téav || Teav |
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| ទី || /tiː/ || Ti || Ti, Ty, Tee |
| ទី || /tiː/ || Ti || Ti, Ty, Tee |
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| ទុំ || /tum/ || Tŭm || Tum |
| ទុំ || /tum/ || Tŭm || Tum |
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| ទ្រី || /triː/ ||Tri || Tri, Try |
| ទ្រី || /triː/ ||Tri || Tri, Try |
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| ទេព || /teːp/ || Tép || Tep |
| ទេព || /teːp/ || Tép || Tep |
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| ធី || /tʰiː/ || Thi || Thi, Thy, |
| ធី || /tʰiː/ || Thi || Thi, Thy, |
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| នី || /niː/ || Ni || Ni, Ny, |
| នី || /niː/ || Ni || Ni, Ny, |
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| ប្រាក់ || /prak/ || Prăk || Prak |
| ប្រាក់ || /prak/ || Prăk || Prak |
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| ប៉ាង || /paːŋ/ || Pang || Pang |
| ប៉ាង || /paːŋ/ || Pang || Pang |
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| ប៉ុក || /pok/ || Pŏk || Pok |
| ប៉ុក || /pok/ || Pŏk || Pok |
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| ប៊ុន || /bun/ || Bŭn || Bun |
| ប៊ុន || /bun/ || Bŭn || Bun |
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| ប៉ែន || /paen/ || Pên || Pen, Paen |
| ប៉ែន || /paen/ || Pên || Pen, Paen |
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| ផាន || /pʰaːn/ || Phan || Phan |
| ផាន || /pʰaːn/ || Phan || Phan |
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| ពិជ || /pɨc/ || Pĭch || Pich |
| ពិជ || /pɨc/ || Pĭch || Pich |
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| ពេជ្រ || /peːc/ || Péch || Pech |
| ពេជ្រ || /peːc/ || Péch || Pech |
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| ភី || /pʰiː/ || Phi || Phi, Phy |
| ភី || /pʰiː/ || Phi || Phi, Phy |
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| មា || /maː/ || Ma || Ma |
| មា || /maː/ || Ma || Ma |
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| មាន || /miən/ || Méan || Mean |
| មាន || /miən/ || Méan || Mean |
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| មាស || /miəh/ || Méas || Meas |
| មាស || /miəh/ || Méas || Meas |
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| មួយ || /muəy/ || Muŏy || Muoy |
| មួយ || /muəy/ || Muŏy || Muoy |
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| មូល || /muːl/ || Mul || Mul, Moul |
| មូល || /muːl/ || Mul || Mul, Moul |
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| មេង || /meːŋ/ || Méng || Meng |
| មេង || /meːŋ/ || Méng || Meng |
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| ម៉ៅ || /maw/ || Mau || Mau, Mao |
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| ម៉ៅ || /maw/ || Mau || Mau, Mao || '''毛''' (Chinese "[[Mao (surname)|Mao]]"), locals argue that it came from a spoken form of the Khmer word '''black''' or '''kmav''' (ខ្មៅ).<br>However this word is reconstructed from Proto-Austro-Asiatic as '''*kVm''' and thus is unlikely to be so. |
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| យស់ || /yuh/ || Yós || Yos, Yoh |
| យស់ || /yuh/ || Yós || Yos, Yoh |
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| យុន || /yun/ || Yŭn || Yun |
| យុន || /yun/ || Yŭn || Yun |
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|- |
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| យូ || /yuː/ || Yu || Yu, You |
| យូ || /yuː/ || Yu || Yu, You |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| រស់ || /rʊəh/ || Ruŏs || Ruos, Ruoh, Ros |
| រស់ || /rʊəh/ || Ruŏs || Ruos, Ruoh, Ros |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| រួយ || /rʊəj/ || Ruŏy || Ruoy |
| រួយ || /rʊəj/ || Ruŏy || Ruoy |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| លន់ || /lun/ || Lón || Lon |
| លន់ || /lun/ || Lón || Lon |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| លិម || /lim/ || Lĭm || Lim, Lym |
| លិម || /lim/ || Lĭm || Lim, Lym |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| លី || /liː/ || Li || Li, Ly, Lee |
| លី || /liː/ || Li || Li, Ly, Lee |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| លីវ || /liːw/ || Liv || Liv |
| លីវ || /liːw/ || Liv || Liv |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| លីម || /liːm/ || Lim || Lim |
| លីម || /liːm/ || Lim || Lim |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| វ៉ាង || /ʋaːŋ/ || Vang || Vang |
| វ៉ាង || /ʋaːŋ/ || Vang || Vang |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| វង្ស || /ʋuŋ/ || Vóng || Vong |
| វង្ស || /ʋuŋ/ || Vóng || Vong |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| ស || /sɑː/ || Sâ || Sa, Sar, Sor |
| ស || /sɑː/ || Sâ || Sa, Sar, Sor |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| សង || /sɑːŋ/ || Sâng || Sang, Song |
| សង || /sɑːŋ/ || Sâng || Sang, Song |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| សន || /sɑːn/ || Sân || San, Sorn |
| សន || /sɑːn/ || Sân || San, Sorn |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| ស៊ន || /sɔːn/ || Sôn || Son, Sorn |
| ស៊ន || /sɔːn/ || Sôn || Son, Sorn |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| សម || /sɑm/ || Sám || Sam, Som |
| សម || /sɑm/ || Sám || Sam, Som |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| សរ || /sɑːØ/ || Sâ || Sa, Sar, Sor |
| សរ || /sɑːØ/ || Sâ || Sa, Sar, Sor |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| សាង || /saːŋ/ || Sang || Sang |
| សាង || /saːŋ/ || Sang || Sang |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| សាត || /saːt/ || Sat || Sat |
| សាត || /saːt/ || Sat || Sat, Sath |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| សាន || /saːn/ || San || San |
| សាន || /saːn/ || San || San |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| សាន់ || /san/ || Săn || San |
| សាន់ || /san/ || Săn || San |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| សាយ || /saːj/ || Say || Say |
| សាយ || /saːj/ || Say || Say |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| សិន || /sən/ || Sĕn || Sen, Sin |
| សិន || /sən/ || Sĕn || Sen, Sin |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| សឺន || /səɨn/ || Sœn || Soen, Seun, Son |
| សឺន || /səɨn/ || Sœn || Soen, Seun, Son |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| សុខ || /sok/ || Sŏk || Sok |
| សុខ || /sok/ || Sŏk || Sok |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| សុង || /soŋ/ || Sŏng || Song |
| សុង || /soŋ/ || Sŏng || Song |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| សុន || /son/ || Sŏn || Son |
| សុន || /son/ || Sŏn || Son |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| ស៊ុន || /sun/ || Sŭn || Sun |
| ស៊ុន || /sun/ || Sŭn || Sun |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| ស៊ុយ || /suj/ || Sŭy || Suy |
| ស៊ុយ || /suj/ || Sŭy || Suy |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| សូ || /soː/ || So || So |
| សូ || /soː/ || So || So |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| ស៊ូ || /suː/ || Su || Su |
| ស៊ូ || /suː/ || Su || Su |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| សួន || /suən/ || Suŏn || Suon |
| សួន || /suən/ || Suŏn || Suon |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| សឿង || /sɨəŋ/ || Sœăng || Soeang |
| សឿង || /sɨəŋ/ || Sœăng || Soeang |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| សៀង || /siəŋ/ || Siĕng || Sieng, Seang |
| សៀង || /siəŋ/ || Siĕng || Sieng, Seang |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| សេង || /seːŋ/ || Séng || Seng |
| សេង || /seːŋ/ || Séng || Seng |
||
'''孫''' Or from Chinese |
|||
"[[Sun (surname)|Sun]]" |
|||
Or [[wiktionary:成|成]] meaning "to succeed" |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| សេន || seːn || Sén || Sen |
| សេន || seːn || Sén || Sen |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| សោម || /saom/ || Saôm || Saom, Som |
| សោម || /saom/ || Saôm || Saom, Som |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| សៅ || /saw/ || Sau || Sau, Sao |
| សៅ || /saw/ || Sau || Sau, Sao |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| ហាក់ || /hak/ || Hăk || Hak |
| ហាក់ || /hak/ || Hăk || Hak |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| ហុង || /hoŋ/ || Hŏng || Hong |
| ហុង || /hoŋ/ || Hŏng || Hong |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| ហ៊ុន || /hun/ || Hŭn || Hun |
|||
| ហ៊ុន || /hun/ || Hŭn || Hun ||money investment, share (of stocks)<ref name="SEAlang Library Khmer"/> Possibly from [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E4%BB%BD 份] ("Hun" in Hokkien) meaning "share, portion." Or from [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E8%8A%AC 芬] meaning "fragrance" |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| ហូ || /hou/ || Ho || Ho |
| ហូ || /hou/ || Ho || Ho |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| ហេង || /heːŋ/ || Héng || Heng |
| ហេង || /heːŋ/ || Héng || Heng |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| ឡាយ || /laːj/ || Lay || Lay |
| ឡាយ || /laːj/ || Lay || Lay |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| ឡុង || /loŋ/ || Lŏng || Long |
| ឡុង || /loŋ/ || Lŏng || Long |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| អាង || /ʔaːŋ/ || Ang || Ang |
| អាង || /ʔaːŋ/ || Ang || Ang |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| អិម || /ʔim/ || Ĕm || Em, Im, Yim |
| អិម || /ʔim/ || Ĕm || Em, Im, Yim |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| អុង || /ʔoŋ/ || Ŏng || Ong |
| អុង || /ʔoŋ/ || Ŏng || Ong |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| អ៊ុច || /ʔuc/ || Ŭch || Uch |
| អ៊ុច || /ʔuc/ || Ŭch || Uch |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| អ៊ុយ || /ʔuj/ || Ŭy || Uy |
| អ៊ុយ || /ʔuj/ || Ŭy || Uy |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| អៀម || /ʔiəm/ || Iĕm || Iem, Eam, Iam |
| អៀម || /ʔiəm/ || Iĕm || Iem, Eam, Iam |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| អៀវ || /ʔiew/ || Iĕv || Iev, Eav, Eaw |
| អៀវ || /ʔiew/ || Iĕv || Iev, Eav, Eaw |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| អ៊ុំ || /ʔum/ || Ŭm || Um |
| អ៊ុំ || /ʔum/ || Ŭm || Um |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| ឯក || /ʔaek/ || Êk || Ek, Aek |
| ឯក || /ʔaek/ || Êk || Ek, Aek |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| ឱ || /ʔaːo/ || Aô || Ao, Or |
| ឱ || /ʔaːo/ || Aô || Ao, Or |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| ឱក || /ʔaːok/ || Aô || Aok |
| ឱក || /ʔaːok/ || Aô || Aok |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| ឱម || /ʔaːom/ || Aôm || Aom, Om |
| ឱម || /ʔaːom/ || Aôm || Aom, Om |
||
|} |
|} |
||
==List of given names== |
==List of given names== |
||
{{Missing information|section|Khmer script and IPA names|date=April 2015}} |
|||
Unlike Khmer family names, given names may have multiple syllables and differ greatly. Given names were influenced greatly by Sanskrit. |
Unlike Khmer family names, given names may have multiple syllables and differ greatly. Given names were influenced greatly by Sanskrit. |
||
{| class="wikitable sortable" |
{| class="wikitable sortable" |
||
! Khmer !! IPA !! [[Romanization of Khmer# |
! Khmer !! IPA !! [[Romanization of Khmer#BGN/PCGN|BGN/PCGN]] !! {{small|[[Romanization of Khmer#Geographic Department|Geographic<br />Department]]}} !! [[Romanization of Khmer#ALA-LC Romanization Tables|ALA-LC]] !! Common spellings |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| បទុម || |
| បទុម || [ɓɔtom] || Bâtŭm || Batum || Padum || Botum |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| ចន្ថា || |
| ចន្ថា || [cɑntʰaː] || Chântha || Chantha || Canthā || Chantha |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| ជា || |
| ជា || [ciə] || Chéa || Chea || Jā || Chea |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| ជាតា || |
| ជាតា || [ciətaː] || Chéata || Cheata || Jātā || Cheata |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| ឆេង || |
| ឆេង || [cʰeːŋ] || Chhéng || Chheng || Cheng || Chheng |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| ឈៀង || |
| ឈៀង || [cʰiəŋ] || Chhiĕng || Chhieng || Chiang || Chhieng, Chheang |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| តា || |
| តា || [taː] || Ta || Ta || Tā || Ta |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| តារា|| |
| តារា|| [taːraː] || Tara || Tara || Tārā || Tara, Dara |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| ឡេង || |
| ឡេង || [leːŋ] || Léng || Leng || Ḷeng || Leng |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| ណារ៉ុង || |
| ណារ៉ុង || [naːroŋ] || Narŏng || Narong || Ṇār"ung || Narong |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| និមល || |
| និមល || [nimɔl] || Nĭmôl || Nimol || Nimal || Nimol |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| ភួង || |
| ភួង || [pʰuəŋ] || Phuŏng || Phuong || Bhuang || Phuong |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| សារឿន || |
| សារឿន || [saːrɨən] || Sarœăn || Saroean || Sārẏan || Saroeun |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| ស្រី || |
| ស្រី || [srəj] || Srei || Srei || Srī || Srey, Srei |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| សន || |
| សន || [sɑːn] || Sân || San || San || Sorn, Son, San |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| បុប្ផា || |
| បុប្ផា || [ɓopʰaː] || Bŏbpha || Bobpha || Pupphā || Bopha |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| បុរី || |
| បុរី || [ɓorəj] || Bŏri || Bori || Purī || Borey, Borei |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| ចិន្ដា || |
| ចិន្ដា || [cənɗaː] || Chĕnda || Chenda || Cenṭā || Chenda |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| ឈួន || |
| ឈួន || [cʰuən] || Chhuŏn || Chhuon || Jhuan || Chhuon |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| ខាន់ || |
| ខាន់ || [kʰan] || Khăn || Khan || Khân || Khan |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| កុសល || |
| កុសល || [kosɑl] || Kŏsál || Kosal || Kusal || Kosal |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| គុន្ធា || |
| គុន្ធា || [kuntʰiə] || Kŭnthéa || Kunthea || Gunṭhā || Kunthea |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| ឡាយ || |
| ឡាយ || [laːj] || Lay || Lay || Ḷāy || Lay |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| លំអង || |
| លំអង || [lom.ʔɑŋ] || Lum'âng || Lum'ang || Laṃ'ang || Lom Ang, Lom Ong |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| ម៉ាលី || |
| ម៉ាលី || [maːliː] || Mali || Mali || M"ālī || Mali, Maly |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| ម៉ី || |
| ម៉ី || [məj] || Mei || Mei || M"ī || Mey, Mei |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| |
| ណារី || [naːriː] || Nari || Nari || Ṇārī || Nary, Nari |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| |
| បញ្ញា || [paɲaː] || Bânhnhéa || Banhnhea || Paññā || Panha, Pagna |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| ពិសិដ្ឋ || [pisɨt] || Pĭsĕdth || Pisedth || Bisiṭṭh || Piseth |
|||
| បញ្ញា || /paɲˈɲaː/ || Pănha || Panha, Pagna || meaning "smart", "intelligent" |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| |
| ផល្លា || [pʰɑllaː] || Phâlléa || Phallea || Phallā || Phalla |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| ភារៈ || [pʰiəreaʔ] || Phéareă || Pheareak || Bhārà || Pheareak, Phireak |
|||
| ផល្លា || /pʰɑllaː/ || Phálla || Phalla ||(pah-lah): Meaning ''fruit'' (फल्ला) in Pali |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| |
| ភិរុណ || [pʰiron] || Phĭrŭn || Phirun || Bhiruṇ || Phirun |
||
|- |
|- |
||
⚫ | |||
| ភិរុណ || /pʰirun/ || Phĭrŭn || Phirun ||(phi-run): Means "rain" in Khmer, from the name of a rain god in the mythologies of southeast Asia. The god's name is possibly derived from ''Varuna''. |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
⚫ | |||
⚫ | |||
|- |
|- |
||
| រិទ្ធិ || [rɨt] || Rĭtthĭ || Ritthi || Riddhi || Rith, Rit |
|||
⚫ | |||
|- |
|- |
||
| |
| រី || [riː] || Ri || Ri || Rī || Ry, Ri |
||
|- |
|- |
||
⚫ | |||
| រី || /riː/ || Ri || Ri, Ry ||(ree) |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| សម្ផស្ស || [sɑmˈpʰɔəh] || Sâmphâss || Samphass || Samphass || Samphors, Somphors |
|||
⚫ | |||
|- |
|- |
||
⚫ | |||
| សម្ផស្ស || /sɑmˈpʰŏəh/ || Sámphoăs || Samphoas, Samphors || meaning "beauty" |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| សារិទ្ធ || [saːrɨt] || Sarĭtth || Saritth || Sāriddh || Sarith, Sarit |
|||
⚫ | |||
|- |
|- |
||
| |
| សុខា || [sokʰaː] || Sŏkha || Sokha || Sukhā || Sokha |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| |
| សុធា || [sotʰiə] || Sŏthéa || Sothea || Sudhā || Sothea |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| |
| សុផល || [sopʰɑl] || Sŏphâl || Sophal || Suphal || Sophal |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| |
| សុផាត || [sopʰɑt] || Sŏphat || Sophat || Suphat || Sophat |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| |
| សុភា || [sopʰiə] || Sŏphéa || Sophea || Subhā || Sophea |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| |
| សុភាព || [sopʰiəp] || Sŏphéap || Sopheap || Subhāb || Sopheap |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| |
| សួន || [suən] || Suŏn || Suon || Suan || Suon |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| |
| ទី || [tiː] || Ti || Ti || Dī || Ti, Ty |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| |
| វណ្ណា || [ʋanaː] || Vônna || Vonna || Vaṇṇā || Vanna |
||
|- |
|- |
||
| វាសនា || [ʋiəsnaː] || Véasânéa || Veasanea || Vāsanā || Veasna |
|||
| វណ្ណា || /ʋannaː/ || Vănna || Vanna ||(van-nah): ''gold'', ''golden'', from Sanskrit '''varṇa (वर्ण)''' |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
⚫ | |||
| វាសនា || /ʋiəˈsnaː/ || Véasna || Veasna ||(vea-snah): Means ''opportunity, good fortune, or fate''. |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
| វុឌ្ឍី || [ʋutʰiː] || Vŭdthi || Vudthi || Vuḍḍhī || Vuthy |
|||
⚫ | |||
|- |
|||
| វុឌ្ឍី || /ʋuttʰiː/ || Vutthi || Vuthi, Vuthy || (voo-tee): meaning prosperity. Derived from the Pali word '''vuddhi''' (वुद्धि) of the same meaning.<ref name="SEAlang Library Khmer"/> |
|||
|} |
|} |
||
Line 401: | Line 401: | ||
*Somally (Combined "So" and "Maly") |
*Somally (Combined "So" and "Maly") |
||
*Chandarith (Combined "Chanda" and "Rith") |
*Chandarith (Combined "Chanda" and "Rith") |
||
==See also== |
|||
⚫ | |||
==References== |
==References== |
||
{{reflist}} |
{{reflist}} |
||
==External links== |
|||
⚫ | |||
{{Names in world cultures}} |
{{Names in world cultures}} |
||
{{DEFAULTSORT:Cambodian Name}} |
{{DEFAULTSORT:Cambodian Name}} |
||
[[Category:Names by |
[[Category:Names by country]] |
||
[[Category: |
[[Category:Culture of Cambodia]] |
Revision as of 16:23, 20 April 2024
![]() |
Part of a series on the |
Culture of Cambodia |
---|
Society |
Topics |
Symbols |
Cambodian names (or Khmer names; ឈ្មោះខ្មែរ chhmŏăh khmêr) are names used or originating in Cambodia which usually consist of two elements including a patronymic, which serves as a common family name for siblings, followed by a given name (i.e. following the Eastern name order).[1][2] An example is singer Sinn Sisamouth, his surname (last name) is Sinn and his given name (first name) is Sisamouth (in Western sources, the two are sometimes reversed).[3]
The use of surnames in Cambodia is relatively recent and was not mandated by law until imposed by the French in 1910.[4] Surnames are typically derived from the father's given name.[5]
Other Austroasiatic indigenous people groups within Cambodia have similar naming customs, while the Sino-Khmer and Viet-Khmer may follow Chinese and Vietnamese naming patterns, respectively. Chams in Cambodia may have either Khmer or Cham names or a combination of both. Cham name order is the reverse of the Khmer; the given name is followed by the father's given name.[6]: 23
Given names
Generally, women are given names relating to beauty, while men are given names of virtues.[7][8] Some Khmer given names are unisex names.
Surnames
Historically, Khmer practiced cognatic kinship and reckoned descent bilaterally, and surnames were not used to trace descent. Surnames became mandatory only by legal decree during the French colonial era in 1910, but was rarely used outside of legal and administrative matters. After the passage of the law, parents often gave their children the father, grandfather or great-grandfather's given name as a surname. Some Khmer may also have surnames from the mother or two given names with one used as a surname. This heterogeneous naming practice continued into the 1970s and 1980s.[9][10] When they were used, they were usually taken from the father's given name and are generally monosyllabic.[11] Khmer surnames are sometimes identical to Chinese or Vietnamese surnames.[11] Women do not adopt their husbands' surnames.[7]
Origin and meanings
The earliest attested names among Khmer either have indigenous origins or were drawn from Sanskrit. The use of Sanskrit and Indic words as names continues to the present.[9]
The meanings of Khmer names are generally very simple and reference positive attributes. Cambodian people are called by their given names without a title (informal) or by their given names with a title (formal); the full name, including both family name and given name is often used[2][7] (Surnames are used as a form of address, however, in the case of names that originated as revolutionary aliases).[clarification needed]
Different naming traditions exist among ethnic groups other than the Khmer majority. The Cambodian population is 90% Buddhist and names are often taken from Buddhism. Among the Muslim minority, Arabic names are often used as family names.[1]
Pronunciation
Khmer names are usually pronounced with the stress (emphasis) placed on the last syllable.[12] Khmer uses a glottal stop (the brief stop in uh-oh) and other stops: p, t, c and k which may or may not occur with aspiration. In romanizations of Khmer script, aspiration (i.e., a breath sound) is usually marked with an h. Final r, d, g, s, b, and z sounds are not heard: Ngor is pronounced Ngow. Some final consonants are written but not pronounced.[13]
List of some family names
Although historically, surnames were chosen from the father, grandfather, or great-grandfather's given name, in modern practice, surnames are now usually transmitted from father to children. Other ethnic groups, particularly Chinese-Cambodians and Vietnamese-Cambodians, may have a family name that is taken by each generation, in which case the name is pronounced similarly to the language of origin but within the bounds of Khmer phonology. Below is a list of some common family names,[14] some of which are also found as given names.
Khmer | IPA | UNGEGN | Common spellings |
---|---|---|---|
កូយ | /kouy/ | Koy | Koy |
កឹម | /kəm/ | Kœ̆m | Koem |
កែប | /kaep/ | Kêb | Kaep, Kep |
កែវ | /kaew/ | Kêv | Kev, Kaev, Keo |
កាំង | /kaŋ/ | Kăng | Kang |
ខាត់ | /kʰat/ | Khăt | Khat |
ខាយ | /kʰaːy/ | Khay | Khay |
ខៀវ | /kʰiəw/ | Khiĕv | Khiev, Kheav |
ខ្លូត | /kʰlout/ | Khlot | Khlot |
គ្រី | /kriː/ | Kri | Kri, Kry, Kree |
គឹម | /kɨm/ | Kœ̆m | Koem, Kim |
គួច | /kuəc/ | Kuŏch | Kuoch |
ឃាង | /kʰiəŋ/ | Khéang | Kheang |
ឃិន | /kʰɨn/ | Khĭn | Khin |
ឃីម | /kʰiːm/ | Khim | Khim |
ចន្ទ | /can/ | Chăn | Chan |
ចាន់ | /can/ | Chăn | Chan |
ចាប | /caːp/ | Chab | Chap |
ចេង | /ceːŋ/ | Chéng | Cheng |
ចេន | /ceːn/ | Chén | Chen, Jen |
ឆន | /cʰɑːn/ | Chhân | Chhan, Chhorn |
ឆាយ | /cʰaːy/ | Chhay | Chhay |
ជា | /ciə/ | Chéa | Chea |
ជាម | /ciəm/ | Chéam | Cheam |
ជិន | /cɨn/ | Chĭn | Chin, Jin |
ជី | /ciː/ | Chi | Chi, Chy |
ជឹម | /cɨm/ | Chœ̆m | Choem |
ជ័យ | /cɨj/ | Chey | Chey, Jey |
ឈិត | /cʰɨt/ | Chhĭt | Chhit |
ឈិន | /cʰɨn/ | Chhĭn | Chhin |
ឈឹម | /cʰɨm/ | Chhœ̆m | Chhoem |
ញឹក | /ɲɨk/ | Nhœ̆k | Nhoek |
ដួង | /ɗuəŋ/ | Duŏng | Duong |
ឌិត | /ɗɨt/ | Dĭt | Dit, Dith |
ឌិន | /ɗɨn/ | Dĭn | Din |
ឌី | /ɗiː/ | Di | Di, Dy, Dee |
ឌុល | /ɗul/ | Dŭl | Dul |
ឌួង | /ɗuəŋ/ | Duŏng | Duong |
តក់ | /tɑk/ | Ták | Tak |
តាង | /taːŋ/ | Tang | Tang |
តាត | /taːt/ | Tat | Tat, Tath |
តូច | /touc/ | Toch | Toch, Touch |
តាំង | /taŋ/ | Tăng | Tang |
ថន | /tʰɑːn/ | Thân | Than, Thorn |
ថៃ | /tʰaj/ | Thai | Thai |
ទាវ | /tiəw/ | Téav | Teav |
ទី | /tiː/ | Ti | Ti, Ty, Tee |
ទុំ | /tum/ | Tŭm | Tum |
ទ្រី | /triː/ | Tri | Tri, Try |
ទេព | /teːp/ | Tép | Tep |
ធី | /tʰiː/ | Thi | Thi, Thy, |
នី | /niː/ | Ni | Ni, Ny, |
ប្រាក់ | /prak/ | Prăk | Prak |
ប៉ាង | /paːŋ/ | Pang | Pang |
ប៉ុក | /pok/ | Pŏk | Pok |
ប៊ុន | /bun/ | Bŭn | Bun |
ប៉ែន | /paen/ | Pên | Pen, Paen |
ផាន | /pʰaːn/ | Phan | Phan |
ពិជ | /pɨc/ | Pĭch | Pich |
ពេជ្រ | /peːc/ | Péch | Pech |
ភី | /pʰiː/ | Phi | Phi, Phy |
មា | /maː/ | Ma | Ma |
មាន | /miən/ | Méan | Mean |
មាស | /miəh/ | Méas | Meas |
មួយ | /muəy/ | Muŏy | Muoy |
មូល | /muːl/ | Mul | Mul, Moul |
មេង | /meːŋ/ | Méng | Meng |
ម៉ៅ | /maw/ | Mau | Mau, Mao |
យស់ | /yuh/ | Yós | Yos, Yoh |
យុន | /yun/ | Yŭn | Yun |
យូ | /yuː/ | Yu | Yu, You |
រស់ | /rʊəh/ | Ruŏs | Ruos, Ruoh, Ros |
រួយ | /rʊəj/ | Ruŏy | Ruoy |
លន់ | /lun/ | Lón | Lon |
លិម | /lim/ | Lĭm | Lim, Lym |
លី | /liː/ | Li | Li, Ly, Lee |
លីវ | /liːw/ | Liv | Liv |
លីម | /liːm/ | Lim | Lim |
វ៉ាង | /ʋaːŋ/ | Vang | Vang |
វង្ស | /ʋuŋ/ | Vóng | Vong |
ស | /sɑː/ | Sâ | Sa, Sar, Sor |
សង | /sɑːŋ/ | Sâng | Sang, Song |
សន | /sɑːn/ | Sân | San, Sorn |
ស៊ន | /sɔːn/ | Sôn | Son, Sorn |
សម | /sɑm/ | Sám | Sam, Som |
សរ | /sɑːØ/ | Sâ | Sa, Sar, Sor |
សាង | /saːŋ/ | Sang | Sang |
សាត | /saːt/ | Sat | Sat, Sath |
សាន | /saːn/ | San | San |
សាន់ | /san/ | Săn | San |
សាយ | /saːj/ | Say | Say |
សិន | /sən/ | Sĕn | Sen, Sin |
សឺន | /səɨn/ | Sœn | Soen, Seun, Son |
សុខ | /sok/ | Sŏk | Sok |
សុង | /soŋ/ | Sŏng | Song |
សុន | /son/ | Sŏn | Son |
ស៊ុន | /sun/ | Sŭn | Sun |
ស៊ុយ | /suj/ | Sŭy | Suy |
សូ | /soː/ | So | So |
ស៊ូ | /suː/ | Su | Su |
សួន | /suən/ | Suŏn | Suon |
សឿង | /sɨəŋ/ | Sœăng | Soeang |
សៀង | /siəŋ/ | Siĕng | Sieng, Seang |
សេង | /seːŋ/ | Séng | Seng |
សេន | seːn | Sén | Sen |
សោម | /saom/ | Saôm | Saom, Som |
សៅ | /saw/ | Sau | Sau, Sao |
ហាក់ | /hak/ | Hăk | Hak |
ហុង | /hoŋ/ | Hŏng | Hong |
ហ៊ុន | /hun/ | Hŭn | Hun |
ហូ | /hou/ | Ho | Ho |
ហេង | /heːŋ/ | Héng | Heng |
ឡាយ | /laːj/ | Lay | Lay |
ឡុង | /loŋ/ | Lŏng | Long |
អាង | /ʔaːŋ/ | Ang | Ang |
អិម | /ʔim/ | Ĕm | Em, Im, Yim |
អុង | /ʔoŋ/ | Ŏng | Ong |
អ៊ុច | /ʔuc/ | Ŭch | Uch |
អ៊ុយ | /ʔuj/ | Ŭy | Uy |
អៀម | /ʔiəm/ | Iĕm | Iem, Eam, Iam |
អៀវ | /ʔiew/ | Iĕv | Iev, Eav, Eaw |
អ៊ុំ | /ʔum/ | Ŭm | Um |
ឯក | /ʔaek/ | Êk | Ek, Aek |
ឱ | /ʔaːo/ | Aô | Ao, Or |
ឱក | /ʔaːok/ | Aô | Aok |
ឱម | /ʔaːom/ | Aôm | Aom, Om |
List of given names
Unlike Khmer family names, given names may have multiple syllables and differ greatly. Given names were influenced greatly by Sanskrit.
Khmer | IPA | BGN/PCGN | Geographic Department |
ALA-LC | Common spellings |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
បទុម | [ɓɔtom] | Bâtŭm | Batum | Padum | Botum |
ចន្ថា | [cɑntʰaː] | Chântha | Chantha | Canthā | Chantha |
ជា | [ciə] | Chéa | Chea | Jā | Chea |
ជាតា | [ciətaː] | Chéata | Cheata | Jātā | Cheata |
ឆេង | [cʰeːŋ] | Chhéng | Chheng | Cheng | Chheng |
ឈៀង | [cʰiəŋ] | Chhiĕng | Chhieng | Chiang | Chhieng, Chheang |
តា | [taː] | Ta | Ta | Tā | Ta |
តារា | [taːraː] | Tara | Tara | Tārā | Tara, Dara |
ឡេង | [leːŋ] | Léng | Leng | Ḷeng | Leng |
ណារ៉ុង | [naːroŋ] | Narŏng | Narong | Ṇār"ung | Narong |
និមល | [nimɔl] | Nĭmôl | Nimol | Nimal | Nimol |
ភួង | [pʰuəŋ] | Phuŏng | Phuong | Bhuang | Phuong |
សារឿន | [saːrɨən] | Sarœăn | Saroean | Sārẏan | Saroeun |
ស្រី | [srəj] | Srei | Srei | Srī | Srey, Srei |
សន | [sɑːn] | Sân | San | San | Sorn, Son, San |
បុប្ផា | [ɓopʰaː] | Bŏbpha | Bobpha | Pupphā | Bopha |
បុរី | [ɓorəj] | Bŏri | Bori | Purī | Borey, Borei |
ចិន្ដា | [cənɗaː] | Chĕnda | Chenda | Cenṭā | Chenda |
ឈួន | [cʰuən] | Chhuŏn | Chhuon | Jhuan | Chhuon |
ខាន់ | [kʰan] | Khăn | Khan | Khân | Khan |
កុសល | [kosɑl] | Kŏsál | Kosal | Kusal | Kosal |
គុន្ធា | [kuntʰiə] | Kŭnthéa | Kunthea | Gunṭhā | Kunthea |
ឡាយ | [laːj] | Lay | Lay | Ḷāy | Lay |
លំអង | [lom.ʔɑŋ] | Lum'âng | Lum'ang | Laṃ'ang | Lom Ang, Lom Ong |
ម៉ាលី | [maːliː] | Mali | Mali | M"ālī | Mali, Maly |
ម៉ី | [məj] | Mei | Mei | M"ī | Mey, Mei |
ណារី | [naːriː] | Nari | Nari | Ṇārī | Nary, Nari |
បញ្ញា | [paɲaː] | Bânhnhéa | Banhnhea | Paññā | Panha, Pagna |
ពិសិដ្ឋ | [pisɨt] | Pĭsĕdth | Pisedth | Bisiṭṭh | Piseth |
ផល្លា | [pʰɑllaː] | Phâlléa | Phallea | Phallā | Phalla |
ភារៈ | [pʰiəreaʔ] | Phéareă | Pheareak | Bhārà | Pheareak, Phireak |
ភិរុណ | [pʰiron] | Phĭrŭn | Phirun | Bhiruṇ | Phirun |
ពៅ | [pɨw] | Pŏu | Pov | Bau | Pov |
រស្មី | [reasməj] | Rôsmei | Rosmei | Rasmī | Rasmey, Raksmey, Reaksmey |
រិទ្ធិ | [rɨt] | Rĭtthĭ | Ritthi | Riddhi | Rith, Rit |
រី | [riː] | Ri | Ri | Rī | Ry, Ri |
សម្បត្តិ | [sɑmˈɓat] | Sâmbâttĕ | Sambatte | Sampatti | Sambath |
សម្ផស្ស | [sɑmˈpʰɔəh] | Sâmphâss | Samphass | Samphass | Samphors, Somphors |
សំណាង | [sɑmˈnaːŋ] | Sâmnang | Samnang | Saṃṇāng | Samnang, Somnang |
សារិទ្ធ | [saːrɨt] | Sarĭtth | Saritth | Sāriddh | Sarith, Sarit |
សុខា | [sokʰaː] | Sŏkha | Sokha | Sukhā | Sokha |
សុធា | [sotʰiə] | Sŏthéa | Sothea | Sudhā | Sothea |
សុផល | [sopʰɑl] | Sŏphâl | Sophal | Suphal | Sophal |
សុផាត | [sopʰɑt] | Sŏphat | Sophat | Suphat | Sophat |
សុភា | [sopʰiə] | Sŏphéa | Sophea | Subhā | Sophea |
សុភាព | [sopʰiəp] | Sŏphéap | Sopheap | Subhāb | Sopheap |
សួន | [suən] | Suŏn | Suon | Suan | Suon |
ទី | [tiː] | Ti | Ti | Dī | Ti, Ty |
វណ្ណា | [ʋanaː] | Vônna | Vonna | Vaṇṇā | Vanna |
វាសនា | [ʋiəsnaː] | Véasânéa | Veasanea | Vāsanā | Veasna |
វិបុល | [ʋibol] | Vĭbŏl | Vibol | Vipul | Vibol |
វុឌ្ឍី | [ʋutʰiː] | Vŭdthi | Vudthi | Vuḍḍhī | Vuthy |
Compound names
At times, many families combine shorter names to create a longer name. This happens often among the wealthier class of Cambodians.
- Sovanna (Combined "So" and "Vanna") means gold in Sanskrit
- Somally (Combined "So" and "Maly")
- Chandarith (Combined "Chanda" and "Rith")
References
- ^ a b "Naming systems of the world" Archived 2008-04-23 at the Wayback Machine (self-published). Citing Huffman, Franklin Eugene. Cambodian names and titles. Institute of Far Eastern Languages, Yale University (1968). OCLC 20035170.
- ^ a b Short, Philip. Pol Pot: Anatomy of a Nightmare. Macmillan (2006), p xv. ISBN 0-8050-8006-6.
- ^ Kershaw, Roger. Monarchy in South-East Asia: The Faces of Tradition in Transition. Routledge (2001), p xiv. ISBN 0-415-18531-9.
- ^ Whitaker, Donald P. (1973). Area Handbook for the Khmer Republic (Cambodia). U.S. Government Printing Office. p. 60.
- ^ Huy, Vannak (2003). THE KHMER ROUGE DIVISION 703: From Victory to Self-destruction. Phnom Penh: Documentation Center of Cambodia. pp. 6 (note 1). CiteSeerX 10.1.1.139.6706.
- ^ Ueki, Kaori (2011). "PROSODY AND INTONATION OF WESTERN CHAM" (PDF). University of Hawaii. Archived from the original (PDF) on 29 January 2021. Retrieved 20 November 2017.
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: Cite journal requires|journal=
(help) - ^ a b c Valerie Ooka Pang & Li-Rong Lilly Cheng. Struggling to Be Heard: The Unmet Needs of Asian Pacific American Children. SUNY Press (1998), p51. ISBN 0-7914-3839-2.
- ^ Asian American Community Mental Health Training Center. Bridging Cultures: Southeast Asian Refugees in America. University of Michigan (1983), p98. OCLC 10431338.
- ^ a b Hein, Jeremy (2006-04-13). Ethnic Origins: The Adaptation of Cambodian and Hmong Refugees in Four American Cities. Russell Sage Foundation. p. 52. ISBN 978-1-61044-283-1.
- ^ Ehrman, Madeline Elizabeth; Sos, Kem (1972). Contemporary Cambodian: Grammatical Sketch. Foreign Service Institute, Department of State. p. 108.
- ^ a b Mary Fong & Rueyling Chuang. Communicating Ethnic and Cultural Identity. Rowman & Littlefield (2003), p40. ISBN 0-7425-1739-X.
- ^ Khmer Institute
- ^ "Cal Poly Pomona". Archived from the original on 2011-07-05. Retrieved 2011-06-26.
- ^ "What Language Does He Speak? Asian Last Name Guide" (PDF).
External links
- Khmer Names Asian name pronunciation guide