Kisatchie National Forest: Difference between revisions
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{{Short description|National forest in Louisiana, US}} |
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{{use dmy dates|date=September 2022}} |
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{{Infobox protected area |
{{Infobox protected area |
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| name = Kisatchie National Forest |
| name = Kisatchie National Forest |
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| coordinates = {{coord|31| |
| coordinates = {{coord|31.491638|-93.192375|region:US-LA|format=dms|display=inline,title}} |
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| area = {{convert|604000|acre|km2 sqmi}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.fs.fed.us/r8/kisatchie |title=Kisatchie National Forest | |
| area = {{convert|604000|acre|km2 sqmi}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.fs.fed.us/r8/kisatchie |title=Kisatchie National Forest |access-date=2 February 2011}}</ref> |
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| established = June 10, 1930<ref>{{cite web|title=The National Forests of the United States |publisher=ForestHistory.org |url=http://www.foresthistory.org/ASPNET/Places/National%20Forests%20of%20the%20U.S.pdf | |
| established = June 10, 1930<ref>{{cite web|title=The National Forests of the United States |publisher=ForestHistory.org |url=http://www.foresthistory.org/ASPNET/Places/National%20Forests%20of%20the%20U.S.pdf |access-date=20 June 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121028014355/http://www.foresthistory.org/ASPNET/Places/National%20Forests%20of%20the%20U.S.pdf |archive-date=28 October 2012 }}</ref> |
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| website = [http://www.fs.usda.gov/kisatchie/ Kisatchie National Forest] |
| website = [http://www.fs.usda.gov/kisatchie/ Kisatchie National Forest] |
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{{maplink|from=Kisatchie National Forest.map |type=line |frame=yes |plain=no |text=Kisatchie National Forest |frame-align=right |frame-width=270 |frame-height=200}} |
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⚫ | '''Kisatchie National Forest''', the only [[United States National Forest|National forest]] in [[Louisiana]], United States, is located in the forested piney hills and hardwood bottoms of seven central and northern [[county (United States)|parishes]]. It is part of the Cenozoic uplands (some of Louisiana's oldest rocks) and has large areas of [[Pinus palustris|longleaf pine]] forests (a forest type that has declined significantly over the last century). It is one of the largest pieces of natural landscape in Louisiana, with some {{Convert|604000|acre|km2}} of public land, more than half of which is vital longleaf pine and [[flatwoods]] vegetation. These support many rare plant and animal species.<ref name="Keddy 2008">{{cite book |last=Keddy|first=Paul A.|title=Water, Earth, Fire: Louisiana's Natural Heritage |year=2008|publisher=Xlibris|location=Philadelphia|isbn=978-1-4363-6234-4|pages=229 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=oBp9C8HhKaQC |access-date=September 30, 2020 }}</ref>{{Self-published inline|certain=yes|date=December 2017}} There are also rare habitats, such as hillside seepage bogs and calcareous prairies. The forest also contains and provides a buffer for the [[Kisatchie Hills Wilderness]], a nationally designated wilderness area that contributes to protecting biodiversity of the coastal plain region of the United States. |
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[[File:Kisatchie steps.jpg|thumb]] |
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⚫ | '''Kisatchie National Forest''', the only [[United States National Forest|National forest]] in [[Louisiana]], United States, is located in the forested piney hills and hardwood bottoms of seven central and northern [[county (United States)|parishes]]. It is part of the Cenozoic uplands (some of Louisiana's oldest rocks) and has large areas of [[Pinus palustris|longleaf pine]] forests (a forest type that has declined significantly over the last century). It is one of the largest pieces of natural landscape in Louisiana, with some {{Convert|604000|acre|km2}} of public land, more than half of which is vital longleaf pine and [[flatwoods]] vegetation. These support many rare plant and animal species.<ref name="Keddy 2008">{{cite book|last=Keddy|first=Paul A.|title=Water, Earth, Fire: Louisiana's Natural Heritage|year=2008|publisher=Xlibris|location=Philadelphia|isbn=978-1-4363-6234-4|pages=229|url=https:// |
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The forest was designated in 1930 during the administration of [[U.S. President]] [[Herbert Hoover]]. |
The forest was designated in 1930 during the administration of [[U.S. President]] [[Herbert Hoover]]. |
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The name Kisatchie is derived from a tribe of Kichai Indians of the [[Caddo]] Confederacy. <ref>{{cite web | title= America the Beautiful Quarters |url=https://www.usmint.gov/coins/coin-medal-programs/america-the-beautiful-quarters/kisatchie-national-forest#:~:text=The%20name%20Kisatchie%20is%20derived,a%20national%20site%20in%201936. |website= US MINT |access-date=4 April 2024}}</ref> |
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Kisatchie National Forest plays an important role in protecting representative examples of the landscape of northern Louisiana, particularly those that fall within the South Central Plains Ecoregion. The forest protects habitat for a wide array of plant species, including wild orchids and carnivorous plants. Two examples include the [[Sarracenia alata|pale pitcher plant]] and [[Pogonia ophioglossoides|rose pogonia]] orchid. Biologists have found 155 species of breeding or overwintering birds, 48 mammal species, 56 reptile species and 30 amphibian species.<ref name="Keddy 2008" /> Rare animals include the [[Louisiana pinesnake|Louisiana pine snake]], the red-cockaded woodpecker, the [[Louisiana black bear]] and the Louisiana pearlshell mussel.<ref name="Agriculture 1999">United States Department of Agriculture. 1999. ''Final Environmental Impact Statement. Revised Land and Resource Management Plan. Kisatchie National Forest.'' Forest Service, Southern Region, Pineville, LA.</ref> |
Kisatchie National Forest plays an important role in protecting representative examples of the landscape of northern Louisiana, particularly those that fall within the South Central Plains Ecoregion. The forest protects habitat for a wide array of plant species, including wild orchids and carnivorous plants. Two examples include the [[Sarracenia alata|pale pitcher plant]] and [[Pogonia ophioglossoides|rose pogonia]] orchid. Biologists have found 155 species of breeding or overwintering birds, 48 mammal species, 56 reptile species and 30 amphibian species.<ref name="Keddy 2008" /> Rare animals include the [[Louisiana pinesnake|Louisiana pine snake]], the red-cockaded woodpecker, the [[Louisiana black bear]] and the Louisiana pearlshell mussel.<ref name="Agriculture 1999">United States Department of Agriculture. 1999. ''Final Environmental Impact Statement. Revised Land and Resource Management Plan. Kisatchie National Forest.'' Forest Service, Southern Region, Pineville, LA.</ref> |
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The forest also offers recreation activities including: bird watching, photography, backpacking, canoeing, all-terrain vehicle trails, boating, camping, cycling, fishing, hiking, horseback riding, hunting, mountain biking, picnicking and swimming. The forest has more than 40 developed recreation sites and over {{Convert|100|mi}} of trails for hiking, mountain biking and horseback riding. |
The forest also offers recreation activities including: bird watching, photography, backpacking, canoeing, all-terrain vehicle trails, boating, camping, cycling, fishing, hiking, horseback riding, hunting, mountain biking, picnicking and swimming. The forest has more than 40 developed recreation sites and over {{Convert|100|mi}} of trails for hiking, mountain biking and horseback riding. |
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[[Road ecology|Roads]] are known to cause significant damage to forests, prairies, streams and wetlands.<ref>Forman, R. T. T., Sperling, D., Bissonette, J., Clevenger, A. P., Cutshall, C. D., Dale, V. H., Fahrig, L., France, R., Goldman, C. R., Heanue, K., Jones, J. A., Swanson, F. J., Turrentine, T., and Winter, T. C. (2002). ''Road Ecology: Science and Solutions.'' Washington, DC: Island Press.</ref> Roads are particularly harmful to native populations of amphibians and reptiles that migrate to vernal pools.<ref>Keddy, P.A. 2010. ''Wetland Ecology: Principles and Conservation'' (2nd edition). Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK. 497 p.</ref> Kisatchie National Forest contains three significant roadless areas, established to protect native species: Cunningham Brake and [[Saline Bayou]]. |
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==Cunningham Brake== |
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Cunningham Brake is a large cypress-tupelo gum swamp that also protects flows in [[Kisatchie Bayou]]. |
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==Saline Bayou== |
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{{maplink|from=Saline Bayou.map |type=line |frame=yes |plain=no |text=Saline Bayou |frame-align=right |frame-width=270 |frame-height=200}} |
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Saline Bayou has mixed forests associated with alluvial habitats, ranging from shortleaf pine to tupelo gum. |
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==Kisatchie Hills== |
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{{Main|Kisatchie Hills Wilderness}} |
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A third large roadless area, the Kisatchie Hills, is protected under a different designation, as a [[National Wilderness Area]]. More information of these important areas can be found in the ''Final Environmental Impact Statement'' for Kisatchie, prepared by the Forest Service in 1999.<ref name="Agriculture 1999"/> |
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==Prairie== |
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Although forests dominate the landscape, scattered prairies can also be found. Natural prairies have been almost extirpated from Louisiana, mostly by clearing for agriculture. Less than one thousand acres of calcareous prairie may remain in the entire state, three pieces of which are associated with Kisatchie: the Kieffer prairie (769 acres), the historic Tancock Prairie (45 acres), and the historic Bartram Prairie (1,190 acres). The latter two are referred to as "historic" because they were mentioned in 1836 survey records; they have reverted to forest. |
Although forests dominate the landscape, scattered prairies can also be found. Natural prairies have been almost extirpated from Louisiana, mostly by clearing for agriculture. Less than one thousand acres of calcareous prairie may remain in the entire state, three pieces of which are associated with Kisatchie: the Kieffer prairie (769 acres), the historic Tancock Prairie (45 acres), and the historic Bartram Prairie (1,190 acres). The latter two are referred to as "historic" because they were mentioned in 1836 survey records; they have reverted to forest. |
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So thoroughly have the prairies of North America been cleared that remnants such as these are likely to be of national significance. The restoration of a natural fire regimen is the most important priority for maintaining and enhancing these prairies.<ref name="Agriculture 1999"/><ref>Keddy, P.A. 2008. ''Water, Earth, Fire: Louisiana's Natural Heritage.'' Xlibris, Philadelphia. 229 p.</ref>{{Self-published inline|certain=yes|date=December 2017}} |
So thoroughly have the prairies of North America been cleared that remnants such as these are likely to be of national significance. The restoration of a natural fire regimen is the most important priority for maintaining and enhancing these prairies.<ref name="Agriculture 1999"/><ref>Keddy, P.A. 2008. ''Water, Earth, Fire: Louisiana's Natural Heritage.'' Xlibris, Philadelphia. 229 p.</ref>{{Self-published inline|certain=yes|date=December 2017}} |
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==Coverage== |
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The forest consists of several large areas; and these are fragmented by private land ownership. The headquarters are in [[Pineville, Louisiana|Pineville]], but the Kisatchie National Forest has five ranger districts in the [[North Louisiana|north-central]] area of the state: Calcasieu, Caney, Catahoula, Kisatchie and Winn. The forest lies in parts of seven parishes. In descending order of land area within the forest, they are [[Grant Parish, Louisiana|Grant]], [[Natchitoches Parish, Louisiana|Natchitoches]], [[Winn Parish, Louisiana|Winn]], [[Rapides Parish, Louisiana|Rapides]], [[Vernon Parish, Louisiana|Vernon]], [[Claiborne Parish, Louisiana|Claiborne]], and [[Webster Parish, Louisiana|Webster]] parishes. |
The forest consists of several large areas; and these are fragmented by private land ownership. The headquarters are in [[Pineville, Louisiana|Pineville]], but the Kisatchie National Forest has five ranger districts in the [[North Louisiana|north-central]] area of the state: Calcasieu, Caney, Catahoula, Kisatchie and Winn. The forest lies in parts of seven parishes. In descending order of land area within the forest, they are [[Grant Parish, Louisiana|Grant]], [[Natchitoches Parish, Louisiana|Natchitoches]], [[Winn Parish, Louisiana|Winn]], [[Rapides Parish, Louisiana|Rapides]], [[Vernon Parish, Louisiana|Vernon]], [[Claiborne Parish, Louisiana|Claiborne]], and [[Webster Parish, Louisiana|Webster]] parishes. |
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==Calcasieu Ranger |
==Calcasieu Ranger District== |
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The Calcasieu Ranger district is the southernmost district, located between [[Alexandria, Louisiana|Alexandria]], [[Leesville, Louisiana|Leesville]] and [[DeRidder, Louisiana|DeRidder]]. The District Office is located on LA 28 West, two miles (3 km) east of Gardner and ten miles (16 km) west of Alexandria, Louisiana. |
The Calcasieu Ranger district is the southernmost district, located between [[Alexandria, Louisiana|Alexandria]], [[Leesville, Louisiana|Leesville]] and [[DeRidder, Louisiana|DeRidder]]. The District Office is located on LA 28 West, two miles (3 km) east of Gardner and ten miles (16 km) west of Alexandria, Louisiana. |
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Wolf Rock Cave, the only known cave in Louisiana, is located just off Parish road 455 (locally known as Johnsonville road)<ref>[https://www.google.com/maps/place/Wolf+Rock+Cave/@30.9733219,-93.1904504,16.54z/data=!4m5!3m4!1s0x0:0x7db6aea8955797ac!8m2!3d30.9722767!4d-93.1922582 Google maps: Wolf Rock Cave]- Retrieved 2017-02-05</ref> in Vernon Parish. The 70 foot above ground cave is situated beside Bundick Creek and is a protected by two rock overhangs.<ref>[https://www.fs.usda.gov/Internet/FSE_DOCUMENTS/fseprd518801.pdf US Forrest Service: Wolf Rock Cave]- Retrieved 2017-02-05</ref> |
Wolf Rock Cave, the only known cave in Louisiana, is located just off Parish road 455 (locally known as Johnsonville road)<ref>[https://www.google.com/maps/place/Wolf+Rock+Cave/@30.9733219,-93.1904504,16.54z/data=!4m5!3m4!1s0x0:0x7db6aea8955797ac!8m2!3d30.9722767!4d-93.1922582 Google maps: Wolf Rock Cave]- Retrieved 2017-02-05</ref> in Vernon Parish. The 70 foot above ground cave is situated beside Bundick Creek and is a protected by two rock overhangs.<ref>[https://www.fs.usda.gov/Internet/FSE_DOCUMENTS/fseprd518801.pdf US Forrest Service: Wolf Rock Cave]- Retrieved 2017-02-05</ref> |
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The district comprises the Evangeline and Vernon units |
The district comprises the Evangeline and Vernon units: |
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===Evangeline Unit=== |
===Evangeline Unit=== |
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This district features Kincaid Lake,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.fs.fed.us/r8/kisatchie/calcasieu-rd/evangeline/trails/kincaid.htm |title=Kincaid Lake | |
This district features Kincaid Lake,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.fs.fed.us/r8/kisatchie/calcasieu-rd/evangeline/trails/kincaid.htm |title=Kincaid Lake |access-date=2 February 2011}}</ref> Valentine Lake,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.fs.fed.us/r8/kisatchie/calcasieu-rd/evangeline/trails/valentine.htm |title=Valentine Lake |access-date=2 February 2011}}</ref> and The [[Wild Azalea Trail|Wild Azalea National Recreation Trail]]<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.fs.fed.us/r8/kisatchie/calcasieu-rd/evangeline/trails/wild-azalea.htm |title=Wild Azalea National Recreation Trail |access-date=2 February 2011}}</ref> Other areas include the Kincaid Lake Day-Use Area, the Kincaid Lake Group-Use Area, the Valentine Lake Day-Use Areas, Valentine Lake Group-Use Area, the Bayou Boeuf<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.fs.fed.us/r8/kisatchie/calcasieu-rd/evangeline/other/bayou-boeff.htm |title=Bayou Boeuf |access-date=2 February 2011}}</ref> Research Natural Area, and the Castor Creek Scenic Area. The Wild Azalea Seep area is part of the Wild Azalea National Recreation Trail.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.fs.fed.us/r8/kisatchie/calcasieu-rd/evangeline/other/wild-azalea-seep.htm |title=Wild Azalea Seep area |access-date=2 February 2011}}</ref> |
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Campgrounds include three at Kincaid Lake, two at Valentine Lake, the Loran/Claiborne Trailhead Camp,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.fs.fed.us/r8/kisatchie/calcasieu-rd/evangeline/camping/claiborne.htm |title=Loran/Claiborne Trailhead Camp | |
Campgrounds include three at Kincaid Lake, two at Valentine Lake, the Loran/Claiborne Trailhead Camp,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.fs.fed.us/r8/kisatchie/calcasieu-rd/evangeline/camping/claiborne.htm |title=Loran/Claiborne Trailhead Camp |access-date=2 February 2011}}</ref> the Evangeline Camp,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.fs.fed.us/r8/kisatchie/calcasieu-rd/evangeline/camping/evangeline.htm |title=Evangeline Camp |access-date=2 February 2011}}</ref> the Amus Melder Camp and the [[Boy Scout]] Camp.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.fs.fed.us/r8/kisatchie/calcasieu-rd/evangeline/camping/melder-and-scouts.htm |title=Melder and Scouts Camp |access-date=2 February 2011}}</ref> The Amus Melder Camp is for equestrian riders utilizing the Claiborne Trails. |
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Trails in this district include the Wild Azalea National Recreation Trail, the Claiborne Trails, the Kincaid Lake Trails, the Valentine Lake Trail, the Lamotte Creek Trail, the [[Ouiski Chitto Creek]] (sometimes spelled Whiskey Chitto)<ref>[http://www.louisianatravel.com/paddle/trail/ouiska-chitto-creek Louisiana travel]- Retrieved 2017-02-05</ref> Recreation Trail and, the Indian Ridge Trail. |
Trails in this district include the Wild Azalea National Recreation Trail, the Claiborne Trails, the Kincaid Lake Trails, the Valentine Lake Trail, the Lamotte Creek Trail, the [[Ouiski Chitto Creek]] (sometimes spelled Whiskey Chitto)<ref>[http://www.louisianatravel.com/paddle/trail/ouiska-chitto-creek Louisiana travel]- Retrieved 2017-02-05</ref> Recreation Trail and, the Indian Ridge Trail. |
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===Vernon Unit=== |
===Vernon Unit=== |
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This district features Fullerton Lake,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.fs.fed.us/r8/kisatchie/calcasieu-rd/vernon/camping/fullerton.htm |title=Fullerton Lake | |
This district features Fullerton Lake,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.fs.fed.us/r8/kisatchie/calcasieu-rd/vernon/camping/fullerton.htm |title=Fullerton Lake |access-date=2 February 2011}}</ref> |
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Enduro Trailhead Camp,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.fs.fed.us/r8/kisatchie/calcasieu-rd/vernon/camping/enduro-camp.htm |title=Enduro Trailhead | |
Enduro Trailhead Camp,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.fs.fed.us/r8/kisatchie/calcasieu-rd/vernon/camping/enduro-camp.htm |title=Enduro Trailhead |access-date=2 February 2011}}</ref> and Hunter's Camp.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.fs.fed.us/r8/kisatchie/calcasieu-rd/vernon/camping/hunter-camp.htm |title=Hunters Camp |access-date=2 February 2011}}</ref> Day and group-use opportunities include The Fullerton Lake Day-Use Area, Fullerton Lake Group-Use Area, Little Cypress Day-Use Area, Little Cypress Group-Use Area, Blue Hole Day-Use Area, Blue Hole Group-Use Area, and Government Pond Recreation Area. Some activities have required fees.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.fs.fed.us/r8/kisatchie/calcasieu-rd/vernon/fees.htm |title=Vernon Unit Fees |access-date=2 February 2011}}</ref> |
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Boating opportunities include in this district include kayaking and canoeing on Fullerton Lake, Little Cypress,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.fs.fed.us/r8/kisatchie/calcasieu-rd/vernon/day-group/little-cypress-day-group.htm |title=Little Cypress | |
Boating opportunities include in this district include kayaking and canoeing on Fullerton Lake, Little Cypress,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.fs.fed.us/r8/kisatchie/calcasieu-rd/vernon/day-group/little-cypress-day-group.htm |title=Little Cypress |access-date=2 February 2011}}</ref> |
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Blue Hole,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.fs.fed.us/r8/kisatchie/calcasieu-rd/vernon/day-group/blue-hole-day-group.htm |title=Blue Hole Lake | |
Blue Hole,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.fs.fed.us/r8/kisatchie/calcasieu-rd/vernon/day-group/blue-hole-day-group.htm |title=Blue Hole Lake |access-date=2 February 2011}}</ref> and Blue Hole Wildlife Viewing Structure.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.fs.fed.us/r8/kisatchie/calcasieu-rd/vernon/other/blue-hole.htm |title=Blue Hole Viewing Structure |access-date=2 February 2011}}</ref> |
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Hiking trails in this area include Big Branch Trail, Ouiska Chitto Trail, Enduro Trail, Fullerton Mill Trail,' Ol Sarge Trail and |
Hiking trails in this area include Big Branch Trail, Ouiska Chitto Trail, Enduro Trail, Fullerton Mill Trail,' Ol Sarge Trail, and Turkey Pen Trail.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.fs.fed.us/r8/kisatchie/calcasieu-rd/vernon/trails.htm |title=Vernon Trails |access-date=2 February 2011}}</ref> |
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Other notable activities in the area include Cooter's Bog Special Interest Area,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.fs.fed.us/r8/kisatchie/calcasieu-rd/vernon/other/cooters-bog.htm |title=Cooters Bog | |
Other notable activities in the area include Cooter's Bog Special Interest Area,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.fs.fed.us/r8/kisatchie/calcasieu-rd/vernon/other/cooters-bog.htm |title=Cooters Bog |access-date=2 February 2011}}</ref> |
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Drake's Creek Special Interest Area,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.fs.fed.us/r8/kisatchie/calcasieu-rd/vernon/other/drakes-creek.htm |title=Drake's Creek | |
Drake's Creek Special Interest Area,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.fs.fed.us/r8/kisatchie/calcasieu-rd/vernon/other/drakes-creek.htm |title=Drake's Creek |access-date=2 February 2011}}</ref> |
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Quiska Chitto Special Interest Area,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.fs.fed.us/r8/kisatchie/calcasieu-rd/vernon/other/chitto.htm |title=Quiska Chitto Creek | |
Quiska Chitto Special Interest Area,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.fs.fed.us/r8/kisatchie/calcasieu-rd/vernon/other/chitto.htm |title=Quiska Chitto Creek |access-date=2 February 2011}}</ref> |
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and the Longleaf Scenic Area.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.fs.fed.us/r8/kisatchie/calcasieu-rd/vernon/other/longleaf-scenic.htm |title=Longfleaf Scenic Area | |
and the Longleaf Scenic Area.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.fs.fed.us/r8/kisatchie/calcasieu-rd/vernon/other/longleaf-scenic.htm |title=Longfleaf Scenic Area |access-date=2 February 2011}}</ref> |
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Animals in the area include the [[red-cockaded woodpecker]] (''Picoides borealis''), often referred to as the RCW, is one of the few birds endemic to the United States and many colonies are in the Vernon Unit.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.natureserve.org/explorer/servlet/NatureServe?searchName=Picoides+borealis |title=Picoides borealis | |
Animals in the area include the [[red-cockaded woodpecker]] (''Picoides borealis''), often referred to as the RCW, is one of the few birds endemic to the United States and many colonies are in the Vernon Unit.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.natureserve.org/explorer/servlet/NatureServe?searchName=Picoides+borealis |title=Picoides borealis |access-date=2 February 2011}}</ref> The RCW only nest in cavities of specific trees.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.allaboutbirds.org/guide/Red-cockaded_Woodpecker/lifehistory |title=Red-cockaded Woodpecker habitat |access-date=2 February 2011}}</ref> Having extremely specific habitat requirements lost by mass deforestation caused large population declines and the extinction of numerous colonies in the 20th century. It was listed as a [[Endangered species#Endangered Species Act|Federal Endangered Species]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.allaboutbirds.org/guide/Red-cockaded_Woodpecker/lifehistory |title=All about birds |access-date=2 February 2011}}</ref> All areas in this unit where RCW reside have been identified and are distinctly marked. The markings include a boundary of Department of Forestry Service signs and white paint markings on the boundary trees. Many of these habitats can be observed from the roadside of La-Forestry Rd. 410, known as Bailey Road, that runs from [[Rosepine, Louisiana|Rosepine]] to [[Louisiana Highway 10|LA 10]]. |
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The Louisiana Statewide Red-cockaded Woodpecker Safe Harbor Program is a partnership between the Louisiana Department of Wildlife and Fisheries<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.wlf.louisiana.gov |title=Louisiana Wildlife and Fisheries | |
The Louisiana Statewide Red-cockaded Woodpecker Safe Harbor Program is a partnership between the Louisiana Department of Wildlife and Fisheries<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.wlf.louisiana.gov |title=Louisiana Wildlife and Fisheries |access-date=2 February 2011}}</ref> and the [[U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service]]<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.wlf.louisiana.gov/experience/lawildlife/nongame/rcw_safe_harbor.cfm |title=Safe Harbor Program |access-date=2 February 2011}}</ref> to enlist the aid of non-federal property owners to help build and maintain adequate foraging habitat. |
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The [[wild turkey]] was a very important food animal to Native Americans, but it was eliminated from much of its range by the early 20th century. Large groups of these birds can be observed on or near LA-Forestry rds 430 (Marlow Road) and 431 (Drakes Fork Road) that is off LA 10 just west of Cravens. |
The [[wild turkey]] was a very important food animal to Native Americans, but it was eliminated from much of its range by the early 20th century. Large groups of these birds can be observed on or near LA-Forestry rds 430 (Marlow Road) and 431 (Drakes Fork Road) that is off LA 10 just west of Cravens. |
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The Calcasieu's Vernon Unit is frequently used by neighboring [[Fort |
The Calcasieu's Vernon Unit is frequently used by neighboring [[Fort Johnson]] for training and the military leases training access to many areas. Areas affected by military operations will be posted by Fort Johnson and Kisatchie. |
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==Caney Ranger |
==Caney Ranger District== |
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[[File:Caney Ranger Station IMG 0910.JPG|left|thumb|<span style="font-size:100%;">Caney Ranger Station at [[Homer, Louisiana|Homer]] in [[Claiborne Parish]]</span>]] |
[[File:Caney Ranger Station IMG 0910.JPG|left|thumb|<span style="font-size:100%;">Caney Ranger Station at [[Homer, Louisiana|Homer]] in [[Claiborne Parish]]</span>]] |
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===Corney Lake Unit=== |
===Corney Lake Unit=== |
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Camping opportunities include |
Camping opportunities include the south shore campground, the north shore camp, and sugar creek hunter's camp. Day and group-use facilities include the south shore day/group-use area and the north shore day-use area. |
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Corney Lake has |
Corney Lake has three separate boat launches. The first is the modern south shore day-use/boat launch, the second is the more primitive north shore boat launch, and the third is the all new Corney Bayou Launch. |
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Unlike other units, there are no designated trails within the Corney Lake Unit. Also, there are no fee areas within the Corney Lake Unit at any of the facilities provided. |
Unlike other units, there are no designated trails within the Corney Lake Unit. Also, there are no fee areas within the Corney Lake Unit at any of the facilities provided. |
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==Catahoula Ranger |
==Catahoula Ranger District== |
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The Catahoula Ranger district is located north of [[Pineville, Louisiana|Pineville]]. The district features Stuart Lake Recreation Complex; hiking and biking along the Glenn Emery Trail; the original [[Louisiana State University]] site in Pineville; hunting in the [[Catahoula National Wildlife Refuge]]; and two [[All-terrain vehicle|ATV trails]] located in old [[Camp Livingston]]. The remains of Camp Livingston, a World War II-era [[U.S. Army]] installation, lie almost completely in the Catahoula Ranger District. Livingston was one of the Army's large training facilities and was at the epicenter of the famed [[Louisiana Maneuvers]]. The "Maneuvers," two large war games which took place over the summers of 1940 and 1941, played a key role in the preparation of the U.S. military for World War II combat. |
The Catahoula Ranger district is located north of [[Pineville, Louisiana|Pineville]]. The district features Stuart Lake Recreation Complex; hiking and biking along the Glenn Emery Trail; the original [[Louisiana State University]] site in Pineville; hunting in the [[Catahoula National Wildlife Refuge]]; and two [[All-terrain vehicle|ATV trails]] located in old [[Camp Livingston]]. The remains of Camp Livingston, a World War II-era [[U.S. Army]] installation, lie almost completely in the Catahoula Ranger District. Livingston was one of the Army's large training facilities and was at the epicenter of the famed [[Louisiana Maneuvers]]. The "Maneuvers," two large war games which took place over the summers of 1940 and 1941, played a key role in the preparation of the U.S. military for World War II combat. |
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The district also houses The Catahoula National Wildlife Management Preserve, consisting of {{convert|36000|acre|km2}} of land set aside for the preservation of land for wildlife habitat. Hunters come from all around during hunting season to the Catahoula Preserve. |
The district also houses The Catahoula National Wildlife Management Preserve, consisting of {{convert|36000|acre|km2}} of land set aside for the preservation of land for wildlife habitat. Hunters come from all around during hunting season to the Catahoula Preserve. |
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Catahoula Hummingbird and Butterfly Garden also resides in the area. Viewable year-around, the Catahoula Hummingbird and Butterfly Garden is best viewed in late spring through early fall. |
Catahoula Hummingbird and Butterfly Garden also resides in the area. Viewable year-around, the Catahoula Hummingbird and Butterfly Garden is best viewed in late spring through early fall. Seasonal butterflies and migratory hummingbirds frequent the garden quite often through the summer months. |
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The Stuart Seed Orchard was built by the [[Civilian Conservation Corps]] in the 1930s for the purpose of replanting clear-cut areas from the previous 30 years of unsupervised forest harvesting. A by-product of the seed orchard is the Stuart Lake Recreation Complex, built to water the seed orchards before the more modern irrigation systems was built. |
The Stuart Seed Orchard was built by the [[Civilian Conservation Corps]] in the 1930s for the purpose of replanting clear-cut areas from the previous 30 years of unsupervised forest harvesting. A by-product of the seed orchard is the Stuart Lake Recreation Complex, built to water the seed orchards before the more modern irrigation systems was built. |
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==Kisatchie Ranger |
==Kisatchie Ranger District== |
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The Kisatchie Ranger district is located between [[Leesville, Louisiana|Leesville]] and [[Natchitoches, Louisiana|Natchitoches]]. Within the district are the [[Protected areas of the United States|protected areas]] of a [[United States National Forest|national forest]], [[national Preserve]], and [[National Wilderness Preservation System|national]] [[wilderness area]], that contains scenic trails as well as a scenic |
The Kisatchie Ranger district is located between [[Leesville, Louisiana|Leesville]] and [[Natchitoches, Louisiana|Natchitoches]]. Within the district are the [[Protected areas of the United States|protected areas]] of a [[United States National Forest|national forest]], [[national Preserve]], and [[National Wilderness Preservation System|national]] [[wilderness area]], that contains scenic trails as well as a scenic bayou and waterfalls. |
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[[Kisatchie Bayou]] is a tributary of [[Old River (Natchitoches Parish)|Old River]] at [[Isle Brevelle]]. The bayou runs through a large portion of the national forest and is known for its clear waters, swimming holes and waterfalls.<ref>{{cite web | title= Kisatchie Bayou Recreation Complex Camping |url=https://www.fs.usda.gov/recarea/kisatchie/recarea/?recid=34803 |website=National Forest Service |publisher=USDA |access-date=1 April 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | title= Kisatchie Bayou at Kisatchie, La |url=https://waterdata.usgs.gov/monitoring-location/07353990/#parameterCode=00065&period=P7D&showMedian=false |website=USGS |access-date=1 April 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=This Swimming Spot Has The Clearest, Most Pristine Water In Louisiana |url=https://www.onlyinyourstate.com/louisiana/swimming-spot-pristine-la/ |access-date=4 April 2024 |website=Only in Your State}}</ref> [[The Man in the Moon (1991 film)]] was filmed at Kisatchie Bayou. <ref>{{cite web | title= Natchitoches Film Trail|url=https://www.natchitoches.com/itinerary/natchitoches-film-trail |website= Natchitoches Convention and Visitors Bureau |access-date=4 April 2024}}</ref> |
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[[Kisatchie Falls]] is a waterfall along [[Kisatchie Bayou]] in [[Natchitoches Parish, Louisiana]] near the border with [[Vernon Parish, Louisiana|Vernon Parish]]. It is one of the few waterfalls and the only Class II rapids in the state. <ref>{{cite web | title= Kisatchie Falls |url=https://www.worldwaterfalldatabase.com/waterfall/Kisatchie-Falls-7326 |website= World Waterfall Database |access-date=2 April 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Dive into the Southeast with Must-See Louisiana Waterfalls |url=https://www.cruiseamerica.com/trip-inspiration/waterfalls-in-louisiana |access-date=4 April 2024 |website=Cruise America}}</ref> |
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In 2007, the Kisatchie Ranger District was acknowledged with a Secretary of Agriculture award for heroism for actions relating to a 100-year flood that swept the district.{{citation needed|date=July 2017}} |
In 2007, the Kisatchie Ranger District was acknowledged with a Secretary of Agriculture award for heroism for actions relating to a 100-year flood that swept the district.{{citation needed|date=July 2017}} |
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The Kisatchie Ranger District contains {{Convert|102,000|acres|sqmi+ha|abbr=off}}, that includes the {{Convert|8,700|acre}} Kisatchie Hills Wilderness Area and the {{Convert|38,000|acre}} National Red Dirt Wildlife Management Preserve |
The Kisatchie Ranger District contains {{Convert|102,000|acres|sqmi+ha|abbr=off}}, that includes the {{Convert|8,700|acre}} [[Kisatchie Hills Wilderness]] Area and the {{Convert|38,000|acre}} National Red Dirt Wildlife Management Preserve |
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* The Longleaf Scenic Byway is {{Convert|17|mi|km|adj=on}} in length. The byway is Forest Highway 59 / Parish Road 830.< |
* The Longleaf Scenic Byway is {{Convert|17|mi|km|adj=on}} in length. The byway is Forest Highway 59 / Parish Road 830.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Longleaf Scenic Byway{{!}}Kisatchie National Forest|url=https://www.fs.usda.gov/recarea/kisatchie/recarea/?recid=34825|website=fs.usda.gov|access-date=2020-05-30}}</ref> |
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* The Longleaf Vista Recreation Area which includes the sandstone bluffs.< |
* The Longleaf Vista Recreation Area which includes the sandstone bluffs.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Longleaf Vista{{!}}Kisatchie National Forest|url=https://www.fs.usda.gov/recarea/kisatchie/recarea/?recid=34817|website=fs.usda.gov|access-date=2020-05-30}}</ref> |
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* Kisatchie Bayou Recreation Area with white sandy beaches and rocky rapids. This is a camping and day use area.< |
* Kisatchie Bayou Recreation Area with white sandy beaches and rocky rapids of [[Kisatchie Bayou]]. This is a camping and day use area.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Kisatchie Bayou Recreation Complex Camping/Day Use{{!}}Kisatchie National Forest|url=https://www.fs.usda.gov/recarea/kisatchie/recreation/hiking/recarea/?recid=34803&actid=50|website=fs.usda.gov|access-date=2020-05-30}}</ref> |
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* Kisatchie Hills Wilderness that is a nationally designated wilderness area. The area consist of 8,700 acres<ref>[https://www.fs.usda.gov/recarea/kisatchie/recarea/?recid=34821 USDA Kisatchie Hills Wilderness]- Retrieved 2017-07-22</ref> bordered on the northwest side by Parish Road 339 (Montrose rd.) and the southwest and southern side by the Longleaf Trail Scenic Byway. The eastern border is mostly the National Forest boundary and on the southwest corner by [[LA 119]] that is the terminus of the scenic byway.<ref>[https://www.fs.fed.us/ivm/index.html US Forestry Service: Kisatchie Hill Wilderness map]- Retrieved 2017-07-22</ref> Kisatchie Wilderness is one of three wilderness areas in Louisiana. The other two are the 5,000 acre Breton Wilderness,<ref>[http://www.wilderness.net/NWPS/wildView?WID=75 Wilderness Connect: Breton Wilderness]- Retrieved 2017-07-25</ref> within the [[Breton National Wildlife Refuge]], and the 3345 acre Lacassine Wilderness<ref>[http://www.wilderness.net/NWPS/wildView?WID=305 Wilderness Connect: Lacassine Wilderness]- Retrieved 2017-07-25</ref> within the [[Lacassine National Wildlife Refuge]]. |
* Kisatchie Hills Wilderness that is a nationally designated wilderness area. The area consist of 8,700 acres<ref>[https://www.fs.usda.gov/recarea/kisatchie/recarea/?recid=34821 USDA Kisatchie Hills Wilderness]- Retrieved 2017-07-22</ref> bordered on the northwest side by Parish Road 339 (Montrose rd.) and the southwest and southern side by the Longleaf Trail Scenic Byway. The eastern border is mostly the National Forest boundary and on the southwest corner by [[LA 119]] that is the terminus of the scenic byway.<ref>[https://www.fs.fed.us/ivm/index.html US Forestry Service: Kisatchie Hill Wilderness map]- Retrieved 2017-07-22</ref> Kisatchie Wilderness is one of three wilderness areas in Louisiana. The other two are the 5,000 acre Breton Wilderness,<ref>[http://www.wilderness.net/NWPS/wildView?WID=75 Wilderness Connect: Breton Wilderness]- Retrieved 2017-07-25</ref> within the [[Breton National Wildlife Refuge]], and the 3345 acre Lacassine Wilderness<ref>[http://www.wilderness.net/NWPS/wildView?WID=305 Wilderness Connect: Lacassine Wilderness]- Retrieved 2017-07-25</ref> within the [[Lacassine National Wildlife Refuge]]. |
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* The Red Dirt National Wildlife Management Preserve borders and is part of Kisatchie Hills Wilderness area.<ref> |
* The Red Dirt National Wildlife Management Preserve borders and is part of Kisatchie Hills Wilderness area.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Red Dirt National Wildlife Management Preserve (NWMP){{!}}Kisatchie National Forest|url=https://www.fs.usda.gov/recarea/kisatchie/recarea/?recid=34819|website=fs.usda.gov|access-date=2020-05-30}}</ref> |
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* Sandstone Multi-Use Trail.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Sandstone Multi-Use Trail{{!}}Kisatchie National Forest|url=https://www.fs.usda.gov/recarea/kisatchie/recarea/?recid=34829|website=fs.usda.gov|access-date=2020-05-30}}</ref> |
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* Sandstone Multi-Use Trail an ATV trail. |
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* Caroline Dormon Trail for horseback, hiking, biking.< |
* Caroline Dormon Trail for horseback, hiking, biking.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Caroline Dormon Trail{{!}}Kisatchie National Forest|url=https://www.fs.usda.gov/recarea/kisatchie/recarea/?recid=34823|website=fs.usda.gov|access-date=2020-05-30}}</ref> Named for [[Caroline Dormon]]. |
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==Winn Ranger District== |
==Winn Ranger District== |
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The Winn Ranger District encompasses {{Convert|164000|acre|km2}} of [[Winn Parish]], [[Natchitoches Parish]], and [[Grant Parish]] in [[North Louisiana]]. It is in close proximity to the [[Winnfield, Louisiana|Winnfield]] area. Because of this close proximity, the Winn Ranger District and the Catahoula National Wildlife Management refuge<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.fws.gov/catahoula |title=Catahoula National Wildlife Management Preserve | |
The Winn Ranger District encompasses {{Convert|164000|acre|km2}} of [[Winn Parish]], [[Natchitoches Parish]], and [[Grant Parish]] in [[North Louisiana]]. It is in close proximity to the [[Winnfield, Louisiana|Winnfield]] area. Because of this close proximity, the Winn Ranger District and the Catahoula National Wildlife Management refuge<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.fws.gov/catahoula |title=Catahoula National Wildlife Management Preserve |access-date=2 February 2011}}</ref> has become a very popular destination for hunters during hunting season. |
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Gum Springs Recreation Area, located in an area of hilly terrain and [[Spring (hydrosphere)|natural springs]], exhibits recreation design and construction from the [[Civilian Conservation Corps]] era of the 1930s while offering basic recreation opportunities of picnicking and camping. Currently being expanded, The Gum Springs Horse Camp and Trail offers activities for peoples interested in horse riding.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.cityofwinnfield.com/horsetrails.html |title=gum Springs Horse Trail | |
Gum Springs Recreation Area, located in an area of hilly terrain and [[Spring (hydrosphere)|natural springs]], exhibits recreation design and construction from the [[Civilian Conservation Corps]] era of the 1930s while offering basic recreation opportunities of picnicking and camping. Currently being expanded, The Gum Springs Horse Camp and Trail offers activities for peoples interested in horse riding.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.cityofwinnfield.com/horsetrails.html |title=gum Springs Horse Trail |access-date=2 February 2011}}</ref> |
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Cloud Crossing Recreation Complex lies directly on the banks of [[Saline Bayou]] and is a put-in/take-out point for boating or canoeing. Approximately {{Convert|21|mi|km}} of Saline Bayou was designated a [[National Wild and Scenic River]] because of its unique qualities. [[Bald cypress]] and other [[hardwood]] grow along the banks, often reflected in the bayou's quiet water. |
Cloud Crossing Recreation Complex lies directly on the banks of [[Saline Bayou]] and is a put-in/take-out point for boating or canoeing. Approximately {{Convert|21|mi|km}} of Saline Bayou was designated a [[National Wild and Scenic River]] because of its unique qualities. [[Bald cypress]] and other [[hardwood]] grow along the banks, often reflected in the bayou's quiet water. |
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Hikers can use The Dogwood Interpretive Trail, sponsored by the [[ARRP]]. |
Hikers can use The Dogwood Interpretive Trail, sponsored by the [[ARRP]]. |
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==Forest research and archaeology== |
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⚫ | |||
The [[Palustris Experimental Forest]] is located within the Calcasieu Ranger District.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Calcasieu Ranger District{{!}}Kisatchie National Forest{{!}}EVANGELINE UNIT |url=https://www.fs.usda.gov/Internet/FSE_DOCUMENTS/fseprd647510.pdf |access-date=3 September 2022 |website=fs.usda.gov}}</ref> |
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⚫ | The Kisatchie National Forest Heritage |
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== |
=== Bat research === |
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There are 47 prominent bat species found in the United States, and each species contributes a unique service to their specific ecosystem, such as consuming insect pests, and thereby benefit both humans and livestock. A research investigation found that the occurrence of bats was correlated with the type of forest management implemented on the Kisatchie National Forest. Forest canopies with more open areas tended to increase bat occupancy.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Kunberger |first1=Jane M. |last2=Long |first2=Ashley M. |date=2022-12-15 |title=The influence of forest management practices on seasonal bat species occurrence and activity at the Kisatchie National Forest in Louisiana, USA |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378112722005734 |journal=Forest Ecology and Management |volume=526 |pages=120579 |doi=10.1016/j.foreco.2022.120579 |s2cid=253050314 |issn=0378-1127}}</ref> |
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*[[Gretta Boley]], Forest Supervisor of the Kisatchie National Forest |
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⚫ | |||
⚫ | The Kisatchie National Forest Heritage Program is a program responsible for protecting [[archaeological]] sites and historic structures on the forest, including several [[Civilian Conservation Corps]] structures dating to the 1930s and 1940s such as Gum Springs Recreation Area.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Forest Heritage Program Highlights{{!}}Kisatchie National Forest |url=https://www.fs.usda.gov/detail/kisatchie/learning/history-culture/?cid=fsbdev3_024691 |access-date=2023-11-14 |website=fs.usda.gov}}</ref> |
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== America the Beautiful Quarters == |
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In 2015, the [[United States Mint]] began issuing the Kisatchie National Forest Quarter from the [[Denver Mint|Denver]] and [[Philadelphia Mint|Philadelphia]] mints, designed by Susan Gamble. The quarter's design features a wild turkey in flight over blue stem grass with long leaf pine trees in the background. <ref>{{cite web | title= America the Beautiful Quarters |url=https://www.usmint.gov/coins/coin-medal-programs/america-the-beautiful-quarters/kisatchie-national-forest#:~:text=The%20name%20Kisatchie%20is%20derived,a%20national%20site%20in%201936. |website= US MINT |access-date=4 April 2024}}</ref> |
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==References== |
==References== |
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{{portal|Louisiana}} |
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{{Reflist|2}} |
{{Reflist|2}} |
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==External links== |
==External links== |
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*{{Official website|1= |
*{{Official website|1=https://www.fs.usda.gov/kisatchie/}} |
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*[ |
*[https://www.fs.usda.gov/main/kisatchie/workingtogether Interagency Coordination Center (fire prevention)] |
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*[http://www.fs.fed.us/land/pubs/ecoregions/ecoregions.html Ecoregions of the United States. See region 232.] |
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*{{HALS |survey=LA-2 |id=la0500 |title=Kisatchie National Forest, Kisatchie Ranger District, 106 Old Highway 6 West, Natchitoches, Natchitoches Parish, LA |photos=11 |color=1 |cap=3}} |
*{{HALS |survey=LA-2 |id=la0500 |title=Kisatchie National Forest, Kisatchie Ranger District, 106 Old Highway 6 West, Natchitoches, Natchitoches Parish, LA |photos=11 |color=1 |cap=3}} |
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{{Protected areas of Louisiana}} |
{{Protected areas of Louisiana}} |
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{{National Forests of the United States}} |
{{National Forests of the United States}} |
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{{Authority control}} |
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[[Category:National Forests of Louisiana]] |
[[Category:National Forests of Louisiana]] |
Latest revision as of 04:35, 21 April 2024
Kisatchie National Forest | |
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Standort | Louisiana, United States |
Coordinates | 31°29′30″N 93°11′33″W / 31.491638°N 93.192375°W |
Area | 604,000 acres (2,440 km2; 944 sq mi)[1] |
Established | June 10, 1930[2] |
Governing body | United States Forest Service |
Website | Kisatchie National Forest |
Kisatchie National Forest, the only National forest in Louisiana, United States, is located in the forested piney hills and hardwood bottoms of seven central and northern parishes. It is part of the Cenozoic uplands (some of Louisiana's oldest rocks) and has large areas of longleaf pine forests (a forest type that has declined significantly over the last century). It is one of the largest pieces of natural landscape in Louisiana, with some 604,000 acres (2,440 km2) of public land, more than half of which is vital longleaf pine and flatwoods vegetation. These support many rare plant and animal species.[3][self-published source] There are also rare habitats, such as hillside seepage bogs and calcareous prairies. The forest also contains and provides a buffer for the Kisatchie Hills Wilderness, a nationally designated wilderness area that contributes to protecting biodiversity of the coastal plain region of the United States.
The forest was designated in 1930 during the administration of U.S. President Herbert Hoover.
The name Kisatchie is derived from a tribe of Kichai Indians of the Caddo Confederacy. [4]
Kisatchie National Forest plays an important role in protecting representative examples of the landscape of northern Louisiana, particularly those that fall within the South Central Plains Ecoregion. The forest protects habitat for a wide array of plant species, including wild orchids and carnivorous plants. Two examples include the pale pitcher plant and rose pogonia orchid. Biologists have found 155 species of breeding or overwintering birds, 48 mammal species, 56 reptile species and 30 amphibian species.[3] Rare animals include the Louisiana pine snake, the red-cockaded woodpecker, the Louisiana black bear and the Louisiana pearlshell mussel.[5]
The forest also offers recreation activities including: bird watching, photography, backpacking, canoeing, all-terrain vehicle trails, boating, camping, cycling, fishing, hiking, horseback riding, hunting, mountain biking, picnicking and swimming. The forest has more than 40 developed recreation sites and over 100 miles (160 km) of trails for hiking, mountain biking and horseback riding.
Roads are known to cause significant damage to forests, prairies, streams and wetlands.[6] Roads are particularly harmful to native populations of amphibians and reptiles that migrate to vernal pools.[7] Kisatchie National Forest contains three significant roadless areas, established to protect native species: Cunningham Brake and Saline Bayou.
Cunningham Brake
[edit]Cunningham Brake is a large cypress-tupelo gum swamp that also protects flows in Kisatchie Bayou.
Saline Bayou
[edit]Saline Bayou has mixed forests associated with alluvial habitats, ranging from shortleaf pine to tupelo gum.
Kisatchie Hills
[edit]A third large roadless area, the Kisatchie Hills, is protected under a different designation, as a National Wilderness Area. More information of these important areas can be found in the Final Environmental Impact Statement for Kisatchie, prepared by the Forest Service in 1999.[5]
Prairie
[edit]Although forests dominate the landscape, scattered prairies can also be found. Natural prairies have been almost extirpated from Louisiana, mostly by clearing for agriculture. Less than one thousand acres of calcareous prairie may remain in the entire state, three pieces of which are associated with Kisatchie: the Kieffer prairie (769 acres), the historic Tancock Prairie (45 acres), and the historic Bartram Prairie (1,190 acres). The latter two are referred to as "historic" because they were mentioned in 1836 survey records; they have reverted to forest.
So thoroughly have the prairies of North America been cleared that remnants such as these are likely to be of national significance. The restoration of a natural fire regimen is the most important priority for maintaining and enhancing these prairies.[5][8][self-published source]
Coverage
[edit]The forest consists of several large areas; and these are fragmented by private land ownership. The headquarters are in Pineville, but the Kisatchie National Forest has five ranger districts in the north-central area of the state: Calcasieu, Caney, Catahoula, Kisatchie and Winn. The forest lies in parts of seven parishes. In descending order of land area within the forest, they are Grant, Natchitoches, Winn, Rapides, Vernon, Claiborne, and Webster parishes.
Calcasieu Ranger District
[edit]The Calcasieu Ranger district is the southernmost district, located between Alexandria, Leesville and DeRidder. The District Office is located on LA 28 West, two miles (3 km) east of Gardner and ten miles (16 km) west of Alexandria, Louisiana.
Wolf Rock Cave, the only known cave in Louisiana, is located just off Parish road 455 (locally known as Johnsonville road)[9] in Vernon Parish. The 70 foot above ground cave is situated beside Bundick Creek and is a protected by two rock overhangs.[10]
The district comprises the Evangeline and Vernon units:
Evangeline Unit
[edit]This district features Kincaid Lake,[11] Valentine Lake,[12] and The Wild Azalea National Recreation Trail[13] Other areas include the Kincaid Lake Day-Use Area, the Kincaid Lake Group-Use Area, the Valentine Lake Day-Use Areas, Valentine Lake Group-Use Area, the Bayou Boeuf[14] Research Natural Area, and the Castor Creek Scenic Area. The Wild Azalea Seep area is part of the Wild Azalea National Recreation Trail.[15]
Campgrounds include three at Kincaid Lake, two at Valentine Lake, the Loran/Claiborne Trailhead Camp,[16] the Evangeline Camp,[17] the Amus Melder Camp and the Boy Scout Camp.[18] The Amus Melder Camp is for equestrian riders utilizing the Claiborne Trails.
Trails in this district include the Wild Azalea National Recreation Trail, the Claiborne Trails, the Kincaid Lake Trails, the Valentine Lake Trail, the Lamotte Creek Trail, the Ouiski Chitto Creek (sometimes spelled Whiskey Chitto)[19] Recreation Trail and, the Indian Ridge Trail.
The Evangeline Unit of the Calcasieu Ranger District also encompasses the remains of Camp Claiborne, a U.S. Army post during World War II. Camp Claiborne was the largest military installation in the United States and the third largest city in Louisiana. Today, part of the old camp is used as a U.S. Air Force bombing range.
Vernon Unit
[edit]This district features Fullerton Lake,[20] Enduro Trailhead Camp,[21] and Hunter's Camp.[22] Day and group-use opportunities include The Fullerton Lake Day-Use Area, Fullerton Lake Group-Use Area, Little Cypress Day-Use Area, Little Cypress Group-Use Area, Blue Hole Day-Use Area, Blue Hole Group-Use Area, and Government Pond Recreation Area. Some activities have required fees.[23]
Boating opportunities include in this district include kayaking and canoeing on Fullerton Lake, Little Cypress,[24] Blue Hole,[25] and Blue Hole Wildlife Viewing Structure.[26]
Hiking trails in this area include Big Branch Trail, Ouiska Chitto Trail, Enduro Trail, Fullerton Mill Trail,' Ol Sarge Trail, and Turkey Pen Trail.[27]
Other notable activities in the area include Cooter's Bog Special Interest Area,[28] Drake's Creek Special Interest Area,[29] Quiska Chitto Special Interest Area,[30] and the Longleaf Scenic Area.[31]
Animals in the area include the red-cockaded woodpecker (Picoides borealis), often referred to as the RCW, is one of the few birds endemic to the United States and many colonies are in the Vernon Unit.[32] The RCW only nest in cavities of specific trees.[33] Having extremely specific habitat requirements lost by mass deforestation caused large population declines and the extinction of numerous colonies in the 20th century. It was listed as a Federal Endangered Species.[34] All areas in this unit where RCW reside have been identified and are distinctly marked. The markings include a boundary of Department of Forestry Service signs and white paint markings on the boundary trees. Many of these habitats can be observed from the roadside of La-Forestry Rd. 410, known as Bailey Road, that runs from Rosepine to LA 10.
The Louisiana Statewide Red-cockaded Woodpecker Safe Harbor Program is a partnership between the Louisiana Department of Wildlife and Fisheries[35] and the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service[36] to enlist the aid of non-federal property owners to help build and maintain adequate foraging habitat.
The wild turkey was a very important food animal to Native Americans, but it was eliminated from much of its range by the early 20th century. Large groups of these birds can be observed on or near LA-Forestry rds 430 (Marlow Road) and 431 (Drakes Fork Road) that is off LA 10 just west of Cravens.
The Calcasieu's Vernon Unit is frequently used by neighboring Fort Johnson for training and the military leases training access to many areas. Areas affected by military operations will be posted by Fort Johnson and Kisatchie.
Caney Ranger District
[edit]The Caney Ranger district is located northeast of Shreveport south of the Arkansas state line near Homer, the seat of Claiborne Parish. It boasts the Sugar Cane National Recreation Trail along with Caney Lakes Recreation Area and Corney Lakes. The Caney Ranger District, unlike the rest of the Kisatchie National Forest, began its life in the hands of the Depression-era Resettlement Administration, which bought up marginal upland farmland. The Caney was not turned over to the Forest Service until 1959.
The district comprises the Caney Lake Unit, the Middle Fork Unit, and the Corney Lake Unit
Caney Lakes Unit
[edit]Camping opportunities in this unit include The Beaver Dam Campground on Upper Caney Lake and the Turtle Slide Campground on Lower Caney Lake in the Caney Lakes Recreation Complex.
Trail opportunities include The Sugar Cane National Recreation Trail inside the Caney Lakes Recreation Complex.
Day and group-use opportunities include The Caney Lakes Day-Use Area, the Caney Lakes Ski Beach Area, and the Caney Lakes Group-Use Area which are all located on Lower Caney Lake.
People desiring boating opportunities can enjoy The Upper Caney Lake Boat Launch Area, the Lower Caney Lake Boat Launch Area, and the South Shore Caney Lake Boat Launch Area. Fees are collected for certain activities in this unit.
Middle Fork Unit
[edit]The Middle Fork Unit of the Caney Ranger District has only two designated recreation facilities, both of which are designated hunter's camps and are opened year-around but only maintained for the hunting season. These primitive camps are Bucktail Camp and Turkey Trot Camp. These areas are ideal for wildlife and bird watchers, plant enthusiasts, and nature lovers.
Corney Lake Unit
[edit]Camping opportunities include the south shore campground, the north shore camp, and sugar creek hunter's camp. Day and group-use facilities include the south shore day/group-use area and the north shore day-use area.
Corney Lake has three separate boat launches. The first is the modern south shore day-use/boat launch, the second is the more primitive north shore boat launch, and the third is the all new Corney Bayou Launch.
Unlike other units, there are no designated trails within the Corney Lake Unit. Also, there are no fee areas within the Corney Lake Unit at any of the facilities provided.
Catahoula Ranger District
[edit]The Catahoula Ranger district is located north of Pineville. The district features Stuart Lake Recreation Complex; hiking and biking along the Glenn Emery Trail; the original Louisiana State University site in Pineville; hunting in the Catahoula National Wildlife Refuge; and two ATV trails located in old Camp Livingston. The remains of Camp Livingston, a World War II-era U.S. Army installation, lie almost completely in the Catahoula Ranger District. Livingston was one of the Army's large training facilities and was at the epicenter of the famed Louisiana Maneuvers. The "Maneuvers," two large war games which took place over the summers of 1940 and 1941, played a key role in the preparation of the U.S. military for World War II combat.
Camping opportunities in this district include The Stuart Lake Campground, Bankston Camp, Highway 472 Camp, Pearson Camp, and Saddle Bayou Camp.
Opportunities for trails include The Camp Livingston Trails, The Glenn Emery Trail, and the Stuart Nature Trail.
The Stuart Lake Day-Use and Group-Use Areas and The Iatt Lake Observation Pier Day-Use Area are intended for day use.
The district also houses The Catahoula National Wildlife Management Preserve, consisting of 36,000 acres (150 km2) of land set aside for the preservation of land for wildlife habitat. Hunters come from all around during hunting season to the Catahoula Preserve.
Catahoula Hummingbird and Butterfly Garden also resides in the area. Viewable year-around, the Catahoula Hummingbird and Butterfly Garden is best viewed in late spring through early fall. Seasonal butterflies and migratory hummingbirds frequent the garden quite often through the summer months.
The Stuart Seed Orchard was built by the Civilian Conservation Corps in the 1930s for the purpose of replanting clear-cut areas from the previous 30 years of unsupervised forest harvesting. A by-product of the seed orchard is the Stuart Lake Recreation Complex, built to water the seed orchards before the more modern irrigation systems was built.
Kisatchie Ranger District
[edit]The Kisatchie Ranger district is located between Leesville and Natchitoches. Within the district are the protected areas of a national forest, national Preserve, and national wilderness area, that contains scenic trails as well as a scenic bayou and waterfalls.
Kisatchie Bayou is a tributary of Old River at Isle Brevelle. The bayou runs through a large portion of the national forest and is known for its clear waters, swimming holes and waterfalls.[37][38][39] The Man in the Moon (1991 film) was filmed at Kisatchie Bayou. [40]
Kisatchie Falls is a waterfall along Kisatchie Bayou in Natchitoches Parish, Louisiana near the border with Vernon Parish. It is one of the few waterfalls and the only Class II rapids in the state. [41][42]
In 2007, the Kisatchie Ranger District was acknowledged with a Secretary of Agriculture award for heroism for actions relating to a 100-year flood that swept the district.[citation needed]
The Kisatchie Ranger District contains 102,000 acres (159 square miles; 41,000 hectares), that includes the 8,700 acres (3,500 ha) Kisatchie Hills Wilderness Area and the 38,000 acres (15,000 ha) National Red Dirt Wildlife Management Preserve
- The Longleaf Scenic Byway is 17-mile (27 km) in length. The byway is Forest Highway 59 / Parish Road 830.[43]
- The Longleaf Vista Recreation Area which includes the sandstone bluffs.[44]
- Kisatchie Bayou Recreation Area with white sandy beaches and rocky rapids of Kisatchie Bayou. This is a camping and day use area.[45]
- Kisatchie Hills Wilderness that is a nationally designated wilderness area. The area consist of 8,700 acres[46] bordered on the northwest side by Parish Road 339 (Montrose rd.) and the southwest and southern side by the Longleaf Trail Scenic Byway. The eastern border is mostly the National Forest boundary and on the southwest corner by LA 119 that is the terminus of the scenic byway.[47] Kisatchie Wilderness is one of three wilderness areas in Louisiana. The other two are the 5,000 acre Breton Wilderness,[48] within the Breton National Wildlife Refuge, and the 3345 acre Lacassine Wilderness[49] within the Lacassine National Wildlife Refuge.
- The Red Dirt National Wildlife Management Preserve borders and is part of Kisatchie Hills Wilderness area.[50]
- Sandstone Multi-Use Trail.[51]
- Caroline Dormon Trail for horseback, hiking, biking.[52] Named for Caroline Dormon.
Winn Ranger District
[edit]The Winn Ranger District encompasses 164,000 acres (660 km2) of Winn Parish, Natchitoches Parish, and Grant Parish in North Louisiana. It is in close proximity to the Winnfield area. Because of this close proximity, the Winn Ranger District and the Catahoula National Wildlife Management refuge[53] has become a very popular destination for hunters during hunting season.
Gum Springs Recreation Area, located in an area of hilly terrain and natural springs, exhibits recreation design and construction from the Civilian Conservation Corps era of the 1930s while offering basic recreation opportunities of picnicking and camping. Currently being expanded, The Gum Springs Horse Camp and Trail offers activities for peoples interested in horse riding.[54]
Cloud Crossing Recreation Complex lies directly on the banks of Saline Bayou and is a put-in/take-out point for boating or canoeing. Approximately 21 miles (34 km) of Saline Bayou was designated a National Wild and Scenic River because of its unique qualities. Bald cypress and other hardwood grow along the banks, often reflected in the bayou's quiet water.
Hikers can use The Dogwood Interpretive Trail, sponsored by the ARRP.
Forest research and archaeology
[edit]The Palustris Experimental Forest is located within the Calcasieu Ranger District.[55]
Bat research
[edit]There are 47 prominent bat species found in the United States, and each species contributes a unique service to their specific ecosystem, such as consuming insect pests, and thereby benefit both humans and livestock. A research investigation found that the occurrence of bats was correlated with the type of forest management implemented on the Kisatchie National Forest. Forest canopies with more open areas tended to increase bat occupancy.[56]
Kisatchie National Forest Heritage Program
[edit]The Kisatchie National Forest Heritage Program is a program responsible for protecting archaeological sites and historic structures on the forest, including several Civilian Conservation Corps structures dating to the 1930s and 1940s such as Gum Springs Recreation Area.[57]
America the Beautiful Quarters
[edit]In 2015, the United States Mint began issuing the Kisatchie National Forest Quarter from the Denver and Philadelphia mints, designed by Susan Gamble. The quarter's design features a wild turkey in flight over blue stem grass with long leaf pine trees in the background. [58]
References
[edit]- ^ "Kisatchie National Forest". Retrieved 2 February 2011.
- ^ "The National Forests of the United States" (PDF). ForestHistory.org. Archived from the original (PDF) on 28 October 2012. Retrieved 20 June 2012.
- ^ a b Keddy, Paul A. (2008). Water, Earth, Fire: Louisiana's Natural Heritage. Philadelphia: Xlibris. p. 229. ISBN 978-1-4363-6234-4. Retrieved 30 September 2020.
- ^ "America the Beautiful Quarters". US MINT. Retrieved 4 April 2024.
- ^ a b c United States Department of Agriculture. 1999. Final Environmental Impact Statement. Revised Land and Resource Management Plan. Kisatchie National Forest. Forest Service, Southern Region, Pineville, LA.
- ^ Forman, R. T. T., Sperling, D., Bissonette, J., Clevenger, A. P., Cutshall, C. D., Dale, V. H., Fahrig, L., France, R., Goldman, C. R., Heanue, K., Jones, J. A., Swanson, F. J., Turrentine, T., and Winter, T. C. (2002). Road Ecology: Science and Solutions. Washington, DC: Island Press.
- ^ Keddy, P.A. 2010. Wetland Ecology: Principles and Conservation (2nd edition). Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK. 497 p.
- ^ Keddy, P.A. 2008. Water, Earth, Fire: Louisiana's Natural Heritage. Xlibris, Philadelphia. 229 p.
- ^ Google maps: Wolf Rock Cave- Retrieved 2017-02-05
- ^ US Forrest Service: Wolf Rock Cave- Retrieved 2017-02-05
- ^ "Kincaid Lake". Retrieved 2 February 2011.
- ^ "Valentine Lake". Retrieved 2 February 2011.
- ^ "Wild Azalea National Recreation Trail". Retrieved 2 February 2011.
- ^ "Bayou Boeuf". Retrieved 2 February 2011.
- ^ "Wild Azalea Seep area". Retrieved 2 February 2011.
- ^ "Loran/Claiborne Trailhead Camp". Retrieved 2 February 2011.
- ^ "Evangeline Camp". Retrieved 2 February 2011.
- ^ "Melder and Scouts Camp". Retrieved 2 February 2011.
- ^ Louisiana travel- Retrieved 2017-02-05
- ^ "Fullerton Lake". Retrieved 2 February 2011.
- ^ "Enduro Trailhead". Retrieved 2 February 2011.
- ^ "Hunters Camp". Retrieved 2 February 2011.
- ^ "Vernon Unit Fees". Retrieved 2 February 2011.
- ^ "Little Cypress". Retrieved 2 February 2011.
- ^ "Blue Hole Lake". Retrieved 2 February 2011.
- ^ "Blue Hole Viewing Structure". Retrieved 2 February 2011.
- ^ "Vernon Trails". Retrieved 2 February 2011.
- ^ "Cooters Bog". Retrieved 2 February 2011.
- ^ "Drake's Creek". Retrieved 2 February 2011.
- ^ "Quiska Chitto Creek". Retrieved 2 February 2011.
- ^ "Longfleaf Scenic Area". Retrieved 2 February 2011.
- ^ "Picoides borealis". Retrieved 2 February 2011.
- ^ "Red-cockaded Woodpecker habitat". Retrieved 2 February 2011.
- ^ "All about birds". Retrieved 2 February 2011.
- ^ "Louisiana Wildlife and Fisheries". Retrieved 2 February 2011.
- ^ "Safe Harbor Program". Retrieved 2 February 2011.
- ^ "Kisatchie Bayou Recreation Complex Camping". National Forest Service. USDA. Retrieved 1 April 2024.
- ^ "Kisatchie Bayou at Kisatchie, La". USGS. Retrieved 1 April 2024.
- ^ "This Swimming Spot Has The Clearest, Most Pristine Water In Louisiana". Only in Your State. Retrieved 4 April 2024.
- ^ "Natchitoches Film Trail". Natchitoches Convention and Visitors Bureau. Retrieved 4 April 2024.
- ^ "Kisatchie Falls". World Waterfall Database. Retrieved 2 April 2024.
- ^ "Dive into the Southeast with Must-See Louisiana Waterfalls". Cruise America. Retrieved 4 April 2024.
- ^ "Longleaf Scenic Byway|Kisatchie National Forest". fs.usda.gov. Retrieved 30 May 2020.
- ^ "Longleaf Vista|Kisatchie National Forest". fs.usda.gov. Retrieved 30 May 2020.
- ^ "Kisatchie Bayou Recreation Complex Camping/Day Use|Kisatchie National Forest". fs.usda.gov. Retrieved 30 May 2020.
- ^ USDA Kisatchie Hills Wilderness- Retrieved 2017-07-22
- ^ US Forestry Service: Kisatchie Hill Wilderness map- Retrieved 2017-07-22
- ^ Wilderness Connect: Breton Wilderness- Retrieved 2017-07-25
- ^ Wilderness Connect: Lacassine Wilderness- Retrieved 2017-07-25
- ^ "Red Dirt National Wildlife Management Preserve (NWMP)|Kisatchie National Forest". fs.usda.gov. Retrieved 30 May 2020.
- ^ "Sandstone Multi-Use Trail|Kisatchie National Forest". fs.usda.gov. Retrieved 30 May 2020.
- ^ "Caroline Dormon Trail|Kisatchie National Forest". fs.usda.gov. Retrieved 30 May 2020.
- ^ "Catahoula National Wildlife Management Preserve". Retrieved 2 February 2011.
- ^ "gum Springs Horse Trail". Retrieved 2 February 2011.
- ^ "Calcasieu Ranger District|Kisatchie National Forest|EVANGELINE UNIT" (PDF). fs.usda.gov. Retrieved 3 September 2022.
- ^ Kunberger, Jane M.; Long, Ashley M. (15 December 2022). "The influence of forest management practices on seasonal bat species occurrence and activity at the Kisatchie National Forest in Louisiana, USA". Forest Ecology and Management. 526: 120579. doi:10.1016/j.foreco.2022.120579. ISSN 0378-1127. S2CID 253050314.
- ^ "Forest Heritage Program Highlights|Kisatchie National Forest". fs.usda.gov. Retrieved 14 November 2023.
- ^ "America the Beautiful Quarters". US MINT. Retrieved 4 April 2024.
Further reading
[edit]- United States Department of Agriculture. 1999. Final Environmental Impact Statement. Revised Land and Resource Management Plan. Kisatchie National Forest. Forest Service, Southern Region, Pineville, LA.
- Williams, M. 1989. The lumberman's assault on the southern forest, 1880–1920. pp. 238–288. In M. Williams. Americans and Their Forests: A Historical Geography. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
- Keddy, P.A. 2008. Water, Earth, Fire: Louisiana’s Natural Heritage. Xlibris, Philadelphia. 229 p.[self-published source]
External links
[edit]- Official website
- Interagency Coordination Center (fire prevention)
- Historic American Landscapes Survey (HALS) No. LA-2, "Kisatchie National Forest, Kisatchie Ranger District, 106 Old Highway 6 West, Natchitoches, Natchitoches Parish, LA", 11 photos, 1 color transparency, 3 photo caption pages
- National Forests of Louisiana
- Civilian Conservation Corps in Louisiana
- Historic American Landscapes Survey in Louisiana
- Protected areas of Grant Parish, Louisiana
- Protected areas of Natchitoches Parish, Louisiana
- Protected areas of Winn Parish, Louisiana
- Protected areas of Rapides Parish, Louisiana
- Protected areas of Vernon Parish, Louisiana
- Protected areas of Claiborne Parish, Louisiana
- Protected areas of Webster Parish, Louisiana