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{{Infobox recurring event
The '''Tan-Tan Moussem''' is an annual gathering of more than thirty tribes from southern Morocco and other parts of Northwest Africa.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.unesco.org/culture/ich/en/RL/moussem-of-tan-tan-00168|title=Moussem of Tan-Tan - intangible heritage - Culture Sector - UNESCO|website=www.unesco.org|access-date=2016-03-21}}</ref>
| name = Tan-Tan Moussem
| native_name =
| native_name_lang =
| image = Муссем (фольклорный фестиваль) в Тан-Тане (Марокко).jpg
| caption = Sahrawi tribal men performing [[Fantasia (performance)|fantasia]] (2013)
| date =
| genre = Fair
| frequency = Annual
| location = [[Tan-Tan]], Morocco
| first = 1963
}}
{{Infobox intangible heritage
| Image =
| Caption =
| ICH = Moussem of Tan-Tan
| Country = Morocco
| Domains = Social practices, rituals and festive events
| ID = 00168
| Region = AST
| Year = 2008
| Session = 3rd
| List = Representative
}}
{{wiktionary|موسم}}
{{wiktionary|moussem}}


The '''Tan-Tan Moussem''' is an annual gathering held since 1963 by more than thirty tribes from southern [[Morocco]] and other parts of [[Northwest Africa]] in [[Tan-Tan]], a town in south-western Morocco.<ref name=UNESCO>{{Cite web |title= Moussem of Tan-Tan |publisher= UNESCO - Culture Sector - Intangible Heritage |url= https://ich.unesco.org/en/RL/moussem-of-tan-tan-00168 |access-date= 30 July 2022}}</ref> In traditional [[Berbers|Berber]] culture,<ref name=MAcom>{{Cite web|url=http://www.morocco.com/blog/tan-tan-moussem-an-amazing-cultural-celebration|title=Tan Tan Moussem: An Amazing Cultural Celebration|website=www.morocco.com|access-date=2016-03-21}}</ref> a ''moussem'' is "a type of annual fair with economic, cultural and social functions."<ref name=UNESCO/>
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== References ==

This particular gathering was first held in 1963 to "promote local traditions and provide a place for exchange, meeting and celebration".<ref name=UNESCO/> It is said to have been associated with [[Mohamed Laghdaf]], a Saharan leader who fought the French and Spanish colonizers for decades, died in 1960, and was buried near Tan-Tan.<ref name=UNESCO/><ref name=MAcom/> The gathering was banned by the authorities in 1979 due to security concerns, but was revived again in 2004 with the help of UNESCO and the Moroccan Ministry of Tourism.<ref name=UNESCO/><ref name=MAcom/> Originally it was held in May, but is currently held every December.<ref name=UNESCO/><ref name=MAcom/> In 2008, it was included in the [[list of intangible cultural heritage in Morocco]] as a [[Masterpieces of the Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://ich.unesco.org/en/RL/moussem-of-tan-tan-00168 |title=Unesco, Moussem of Tan-Tan}}</ref>

Nomadic tribes travel to the ''moussem'' from all over the Sahara, making it the largest gathering of nomadic tribes in northern Africa.<ref name=MAcom/><ref name=Reid>{{Cite web|url=http://www.reidsguides.com/destinations/africa/morocco/moussem.html|title=Nomads of the Sahara - The Moussem de Tan-Tan is a Berber festival in the Sahara Desert of Southern Morocco|website=www.reidsguides.com|access-date=2016-03-21}}</ref> Around 800 tents are set up to accommodate them, with some used for special exhibits on traditional Berber tribal life.<ref name=MAcom/>

A wide variety of activities happen at the gathering. It is "an opportunity for tribes to socialize with song and dance, swap stories, share herbal remedy knowledge, compete in horse races and engage in some serious camel trading"<ref name=MAcom/> and "buy, sell and exchange foodstuffs and other products, organize camel and horse-breeding competitions, celebrate weddings."<ref name=UNESCO/> Further, the festival includes "a range of cultural expressions such as musical performances, popular chanting, games, poetry contests and other Hassanie oral traditions."<ref name=UNESCO/> This ''moussem'' also includes the [[Fantasia (performance)|fantasia]], a choreographed reenactment of a cavalry charge by Berber tribesmen who raise their rifles to the air and issue a warcry.<ref name=MAcom/><ref name=Reid/>

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==References==
{{reflist}}
{{reflist}}

==External links==
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Lwk-dy1FjDI A UNESCO video on the Tan-Tan Moussem]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MYog4Qhcy_w A series of clips from the 2015 gathering by the Morocco tourism office and UNESCO]
* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=e4oj8yScyf4 Another series of clips from the 2015 gathering by a Moroccan media outlet]

{{UNESCO Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity |state=collapsed}}

[[Category:Culture of Morocco]]
[[Category:Berber culture]]

Latest revision as of 08:24, 24 April 2024

Tan-Tan Moussem
Sahrawi tribal men performing fantasia (2013)
GenreFair
FrequencyAnnual
Location(s)Tan-Tan, Morocco
Inaugurated1963
Moussem of Tan-Tan
LandMarokko
DomainsSocial practices, rituals and festive events
Reference00168
RegionArab States
Inscription history
Inscription2008 (3rd session)
ListRepresentative
Look up موسم in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.
Look up moussem in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.

The Tan-Tan Moussem is an annual gathering held since 1963 by more than thirty tribes from southern Morocco and other parts of Northwest Africa in Tan-Tan, a town in south-western Morocco.[1] In traditional Berber culture,[2] a moussem is "a type of annual fair with economic, cultural and social functions."[1]

This particular gathering was first held in 1963 to "promote local traditions and provide a place for exchange, meeting and celebration".[1] It is said to have been associated with Mohamed Laghdaf, a Saharan leader who fought the French and Spanish colonizers for decades, died in 1960, and was buried near Tan-Tan.[1][2] The gathering was banned by the authorities in 1979 due to security concerns, but was revived again in 2004 with the help of UNESCO and the Moroccan Ministry of Tourism.[1][2] Originally it was held in May, but is currently held every December.[1][2] In 2008, it was included in the list of intangible cultural heritage in Morocco as a Masterpieces of the Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity.[3]

Nomadic tribes travel to the moussem from all over the Sahara, making it the largest gathering of nomadic tribes in northern Africa.[2][4] Around 800 tents are set up to accommodate them, with some used for special exhibits on traditional Berber tribal life.[2]

A wide variety of activities happen at the gathering. It is "an opportunity for tribes to socialize with song and dance, swap stories, share herbal remedy knowledge, compete in horse races and engage in some serious camel trading"[2] and "buy, sell and exchange foodstuffs and other products, organize camel and horse-breeding competitions, celebrate weddings."[1] Further, the festival includes "a range of cultural expressions such as musical performances, popular chanting, games, poetry contests and other Hassanie oral traditions."[1] This moussem also includes the fantasia, a choreographed reenactment of a cavalry charge by Berber tribesmen who raise their rifles to the air and issue a warcry.[2][4]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b c d e f g h "Moussem of Tan-Tan". UNESCO - Culture Sector - Intangible Heritage. Retrieved 30 July 2022.
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h "Tan Tan Moussem: An Amazing Cultural Celebration". www.morocco.com. Retrieved 2016-03-21.
  3. ^ "Unesco, Moussem of Tan-Tan".
  4. ^ a b "Nomads of the Sahara - The Moussem de Tan-Tan is a Berber festival in the Sahara Desert of Southern Morocco". www.reidsguides.com. Retrieved 2016-03-21.
[edit]
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