Cedarhurst Cut-off: Difference between revisions

Cedarhurst Cut-Off
Cedarhurst Cut-Off
	Remains of a bridge for the Cedarhurst Cut-Off connecting Queens and Nassau Counties at the north-east corner of North Woodmere Park.
Übersicht
Status	Abandoned south of Springfield Junction
Locale	Queens, New York City
Termini	Hollis (northwest); Cedarhurst (southwest);
Stations	3 open, 5 closed (line abandoned)
Service
Typ	Passenger and Freight
Operator(s)	Long Island Rail Road
History
Opened	December 30, 1871
Closed	1934
Technical
Line length	3.4 miles (5.5 km) (Abandoned section)
Track gauge	4 ft 8+1⁄2 in (1,435 mm)
Route map
Route map

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The Cedarhurst Cut-off was a rail line owned and operated by the Long Island Rail Road in the U.S. state of New York. The line split from the LIRR's Main Line at Rockaway Junction (near Hollis) and ran south via Springfield Gardens and Cedarhurst and on to Far Rockaway. The part north of the crossing of the old Southern Railroad of Long Island at Springfield Junction is now part of the Montauk Branch, while the rest has been abandoned in favor of the ex-Southern Far Rockaway Branch.

History

The New York and Rockaway Railroad was incorporated December 30, 1871 to build from the LIRR Main Line east of Jamaica south to Rockaway^[1] in competition with the South Side Railroad's Far Rockaway Branch. In exchange for completing it, the LIRR agreed to lease the line on March 2, 1871. It opened from the Main Line south to Springfield Gardens on June 21, 1871,^[2] and to Mott Avenue in Far Rockaway on May 14, 1872.^[3]

After the LIRR and South Side were brought under common ownership in 1876, the line was abandoned from Springfield Junction south to Cedarhurst on June 2. The portion north of Springfield Junction was connected to the old South Side main line, and is still the main Montauk Branch line.^[4]

The line between Springfield Junction and Cedarhurst has been rebuilt and abandoned twice, with electrification, first between 1905 and 1908 to help relieve the traffic off the Far Rockaway Branch; however, for unknown reasons the branch was never put into revenue service and instead was used to route equipment. In 1918 the rail was torn up and used for World War I, however, in 1928 the LIRR, in an effort to protect their right of way with the anticipation of new street and residential development in the Southeastern areas of Queens, relayed the track with third rail. However, with service to the Rockaways sufficiently served by the Far Rockaway Branch, the cut-off was deemed redundant and torn up for good in 1934. The new street grid being laid down in the area was designed around the cut-off, leading to an unusual street pattern in the Rosedale section of Queens in the area of the now vanished cut-off.^[5] The line currently passes through marshland within Brookville Park.^[6] A right of way is preserved along the northern boundary of North Woodmere Park, with no development taking place where the rail line once was.

The New York and Rockaway Railroad was sold at foreclosure on May 27, 1903 and reorganized as the Jamaica and South Shore Railroad on October 18.^[7] The Jamaica and South Shore was merged into the LIRR on December 6, 1912.^[8]

Stations

Besides the existing and former stations along the current Montauk Branch, stations along the line included the following;

Station	Miles (km) from Penn Station^[9]	Date opened	Date closed	Connections / notes
For continuing service to points west, see Main Line (Long Island Rail Road)
Rockaway Junction		June 24, 1890	1905	Also called Woodhull Park
St. Albans	13.6 (21.9)	July 1, 1898		LIRR: Babylon and West Hempstead Branches Originally named Locust Avenue^[10]
Springfield Gardens		1873	October 30, 1979	Originally Springfield
Atlantic Branch converges at Springfield Junction Segment south of the junction was abandoned in 1934
Ocean Point				Not to be confused with Cedarhurst station, also formerly known as Ocean Point
Lawrence
Far Rockaway–Lockwood's Grove		1872	September 1877

References

^ "PRR Chronology, 1870" (PDF). (57.0 KiB), January 2005 Edition
^ "PRR Chronology, 1871" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on October 14, 2013. Retrieved December 23, 2006. (72.9 KiB), January 2005 Edition
^ "PRR Chronology, 1872" (PDF). (86.1 KiB), February 2005 Edition
^ "PRR Chronology, 1876" (PDF). (116 KiB), April 2006 Edition
^ "Cedarhurst Cutoff". lirrhistory.com. Archived from the original on August 29, 2000.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)
^ An Assessment of the Transit Service Potential of Inactive Railroad Rights-of-way and Yards Final Report. New York City Department of City Planning. October 1991. pp. 30–31.
^ "PRR Chronology, 1903" (PDF). (76.7 KiB), March 2005 Edition
^ "PRR Chronology, 1912" (PDF). (45.1 KiB), March 2005 Edition
^ Station pages linked from LIRR Stations
^ 1898 Railroad Map of Queens and Kings County (Unofficial LIRR History Website)^[usurped]

[PRRC_1870-1] "PRR Chronology, 1870" (PDF). (57.0 KiB), January 2005 Edition

[PRRC_1871-2] "PRR Chronology, 1871" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on October 14, 2013. Retrieved December 23, 2006. (72.9 KiB), January 2005 Edition

[PRRC_1872-3] "PRR Chronology, 1872" (PDF). (86.1 KiB), February 2005 Edition

[PRRC_1876-4] "PRR Chronology, 1876" (PDF). (116 KiB), April 2006 Edition

[5] "Cedarhurst Cutoff". lirrhistory.com. Archived from the original on August 29, 2000.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)

[:27-6] An Assessment of the Transit Service Potential of Inactive Railroad Rights-of-way and Yards Final Report. New York City Department of City Planning. October 1991. pp. 30–31.

[PRRC_1903-7] "PRR Chronology, 1903" (PDF). (76.7 KiB), March 2005 Edition

[PRRC_1912-8] "PRR Chronology, 1912" (PDF). (45.1 KiB), March 2005 Edition

[9] Station pages linked from LIRR Stations

[10] 1898 Railroad Map of Queens and Kings County (Unofficial LIRR History Website)^[usurped]

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

[8]

[9]

[10]

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
+{{Short description|Former Long Island Rail Road branch}}
+{{Use mdy dates|date=April 2020}}
 {{redirect|New York and Rockaway Railroad|the branch to the Rockaways from the north (Glendale)|New York and Rockaway Beach Railway}}
 {{Infobox rail line
-|name        = Cedarhurst Cut-Off
+| name                            = Cedarhurst Cut-Off
-|image       = Cedarhurst_cutoff_bridge.jpg
+| image                           = Cedarhurst_cutoff_bridge.jpg
-|image_width = 225px
+| image_width                     = 225px
-|caption     = Remains of a bridge for the Cedarhurst Cut-Off connecting Queens and Nassau Counties at the north-east corner of North Woodmere Park.
+| caption                         = Remains of a bridge for the Cedarhurst Cut-Off connecting Queens and Nassau Counties at the north-east corner of North Woodmere Park.
-|type        = Passenger and Freight
+| type                            = Passenger and Freight
-|system      =
+| system                          =
-|status      = Abandoned south of [[Springfield Junction (Long Island Rail Road)|Springfield Junction]]
+| status                          = Abandoned south of [[Springfield Junction (Long Island Rail Road)|Springfield Junction]]
-|locale      = [[Queens]], [[New York City]]
+| locale                          = [[Queens]], [[New York City]]
-|start       = [[Hollis, Queens|Hollis]] (northwest)
+| start                           = [[Hollis, Queens|Hollis]] (northwest)
-|end         = [[Cedarhurst, New York|Cedarhurst]] (southwest)
+| end                             = [[Cedarhurst, New York|Cedarhurst]] (southwest)
-|stations    = 3 open, 5 closed (line abandoned)
+| stations                        = 3 open, 5 closed (line abandoned)
-|routes      =
+| routes                          =
+| open                            = {{Start date|1871|12|30}}
-|ridership   =
-|open        = {{Start date|1871|12|30}}
+| close                           = {{End date|1934}}
-|close       = {{End date|1934}}
+| owner                           =
+| operator                        = [[Long Island Rail Road]]
-|owner       =
+| character                       =
-|operator    = [[Long Island Rail Road]]
+| stock                           =
-|character   =
+| linelength                      = {{convert|3.4|mi|1}} (Abandoned section)
-|stock       =
+| tracklength                     =
-|linelength  =
+| gauge                           = {{RailGauge|4ft8.5in}}
-|tracklength =
-|notrack     =
+| speed                           =
+| elevation                       =
-|gauge       = {{RailGauge|4ft8.5in}}
+| map                             = {{maplink-road|from=New York and Rockaway Railroad.map}}
-|el          =
-|speed       =
-|elevation   =
-|map         =
 }}
-The '''Cedarhurst Cut-off''' was a [[rail line]] owned and operated by the [[Long Island Rail Road]] in the [[U.S. state]] of [[New York]]. The line split from the LIRR's [[Main Line (LIRR)|Main Line]] at [[Rockaway Junction]] (near [[Hollis, Queens|Hollis]]) and ran south via [[Springfield Gardens, Queens|Springfield Gardens]] and [[Cedarhurst, New York|Cedarhurst]] and on to [[Far Rockaway, Queens|Far Rockaway]]. The part north of the crossing of the old [[Southern Railroad of Long Island]] at [[Springfield Junction (LIRR)|Springfield Junction]] is now part of the [[Montauk Branch]], while the rest has been abandoned in favor of the ex-Southern [[Far Rockaway Branch]].
+The '''Cedarhurst Cut-off''' was a [[rail line]] owned and operated by the [[Long Island Rail Road]] in the [[U.S. state]] of [[New York (state)|New York]]. The line split from the LIRR's [[Main Line (LIRR)|Main Line]] at [[Rockaway Junction]] (near [[Hollis, Queens|Hollis]]) and ran south via [[Springfield Gardens, Queens|Springfield Gardens]] and [[Cedarhurst, New York|Cedarhurst]] and on to [[Far Rockaway, Queens|Far Rockaway]]. The part north of the crossing of the old [[Southern Railroad of Long Island]] at [[Springfield Junction (LIRR)|Springfield Junction]] is now part of the [[Montauk Branch]], while the rest has been abandoned in favor of the ex-Southern [[Far Rockaway Branch]].
 ==History==
-The '''New York and Rockaway Railroad''' was incorporated December 30, 1871 to build from the LIRR [[Main Line (LIRR)|Main Line]] east of [[Jamaica, Queens|Jamaica]] south to [[Rockaway, Queens|Rockaway]]<ref name="PRRC 1870">{{PDFlink|[http://www.prrths.com/Hagley/PRR1870%20Jan%2005.pdf PRR Chronology, 1870]|57.0&nbsp;[[Kibibyte|KiB]]<!-- application/pdf, 58449 bytes -->}}, January 2005 Edition</ref> in competition with the [[South Side Railroad of Long Island|South Side Railroad]]'s [[Far Rockaway Branch]]. In exchange for completing it, the LIRR agreed to lease the line on March 2, 1871. It opened from the Main Line south to [[Springfield Gardens, Queens|Springfield Gardens]] on June 21, 1871,<ref name="PRRC 1871">{{PDFlink|[http://www.prrths.com/Hagley/PRR1871%20Jan%2005.pdf PRR Chronology, 1871]|72.9&nbsp;[[Kibibyte|KiB]]<!-- application/pdf, 74742 bytes -->}}, January 2005 Edition</ref> and to Mott Avenue in [[Far Rockaway, NY|Far Rockaway]] on May 14, 1872.<ref name="PRRC 1872">{{PDFlink|[http://www.prrths.com/Hagley/PRR1872%20Feb%2005.pdf PRR Chronology, 1872]|86.1&nbsp;[[Kibibyte|KiB]]<!-- application/pdf, 88201 bytes -->}}, February 2005 Edition</ref>
+The '''New York and Rockaway Railroad''' was incorporated December 30, 1871 to build from the LIRR [[Main Line (LIRR)|Main Line]] east of [[Jamaica, Queens|Jamaica]] south to [[Rockaway, Queens|Rockaway]]<ref name="PRRC 1870">{{cite web|url= http://www.prrths.com/Hagley/PRR1870%20Jan%2005.pdf |title=PRR Chronology, 1870 }}&nbsp;{{small|(57.0&nbsp;[[Kibibyte|KiB]])}}, January 2005 Edition</ref> in competition with the [[South Side Railroad of Long Island|South Side Railroad]]'s [[Far Rockaway Branch]]. In exchange for completing it, the LIRR agreed to lease the line on March 2, 1871. It opened from the Main Line south to [[Springfield Gardens, Queens|Springfield Gardens]] on June 21, 1871,<ref name="PRRC 1871">{{cite web |url= http://www.prrths.com/Hagley/PRR1871%20Jan%2005.pdf |title= PRR Chronology, 1871 |access-date= December 23, 2006 |archive-date= October 14, 2013 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20131014023302/http://www.prrths.com/Hagley/PRR1871%20Jan%2005.pdf |url-status= dead }}&nbsp;{{small|(72.9&nbsp;[[Kibibyte|KiB]])}}, January 2005 Edition</ref> and to Mott Avenue in [[Far Rockaway, NY|Far Rockaway]] on May 14, 1872.<ref name="PRRC 1872">{{cite web|url= http://www.prrths.com/Hagley/PRR1872%20Feb%2005.pdf |title=PRR Chronology, 1872 }}&nbsp;{{small|(86.1&nbsp;[[Kibibyte|KiB]])}}, February 2005 Edition</ref>
 [[File:Laurelton Station under canopy; Facing Springfield JCT.jpg|thumb|left|Springfield Junction as seen from [[Laurelton (LIRR station)|Laurelton]] Station on the [[Atlantic Branch]]]]
-After the LIRR and South Side were brought under common ownership in 1876, the line was abandoned from Springfield Junction south to [[Cedarhurst, NY|Cedarhurst]] on June 2. The portion north of Springfield Junction was connected to the old South Side main line, and is still the main [[Montauk Branch]] line.<ref name="PRRC 1876">{{PDFlink|[http://www.prrths.com/Hagley/PRR1876%20April%2006.pdf PRR Chronology, 1876]|116&nbsp;[[Kibibyte|KiB]]<!-- application/pdf, 119378 bytes -->}}, April 2006 Edition</ref><!--what about south of Cedarhurst?-->
+After the LIRR and South Side were brought under common ownership in 1876, the line was abandoned from Springfield Junction south to [[Cedarhurst, NY|Cedarhurst]] on June 2. The portion north of Springfield Junction was connected to the old South Side main line, and is still the main [[Montauk Branch]] line.<ref name="PRRC 1876">{{cite web|url= http://www.prrths.com/Hagley/PRR1876%20April%2006.pdf |title=PRR Chronology, 1876 }}&nbsp;{{small|(116&nbsp;[[Kibibyte|KiB]])}}, April 2006 Edition</ref><!--what about south of Cedarhurst?-->
-The line between Springfield Junction and Cedarhurst has been rebuilt and abandoned twice, with [[electrification (rail)|electrification]], first between 1905 and 1908 to help relieve the traffic off the Far Rockaway Branch, however for unknown reasons the branch was never put in to revenue service and instead was used to route equipment. In 1918 the rail was torn up and used for World War I, however, in 1928 the LIRR, in an effort to protect their right of way with the anticipation of new street and residential development in the Southeastern areas of Queens, relayed the track with third rail. However, with service to the Rockaways sufficiently served by the Far Rockaway Branch, the cut-off was deemed redundant and torn up for good in 1934. Ironically the new street grid being laid down in the area was designed around the cut-off leading to an unusual street pattern in the Rosedale section of Queens in the area of the now vanished cut-off.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.lirrhistory.com/cedarcut.html|title=Cedarhurst Cutoff|work=lirrhistory.com}}</ref>
+The line between Springfield Junction and Cedarhurst has been rebuilt and abandoned twice, with [[electrification (rail)|electrification]], first between 1905 and 1908 to help relieve the traffic off the Far Rockaway Branch; however, for unknown reasons the branch was never put into revenue service and instead was used to route equipment. In 1918 the rail was torn up and used for World War I, however, in 1928 the LIRR, in an effort to protect their right of way with the anticipation of new street and residential development in the Southeastern areas of Queens, relayed the track with third rail. However, with service to the Rockaways sufficiently served by the Far Rockaway Branch, the cut-off was deemed redundant and torn up for good in 1934. The new street grid being laid down in the area was designed around the cut-off, leading to an unusual street pattern in the Rosedale section of Queens in the area of the now vanished cut-off.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.lirrhistory.com/cedarcut.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20000829065642/http://www.lirrhistory.com/cedarcut.html|url-status=usurped|archive-date=August 29, 2000|title=Cedarhurst Cutoff|work=lirrhistory.com}}</ref> The line currently passes through marshland within Brookville Park.<ref name=":27">{{Cite book|title=An Assessment of the Transit Service Potential of Inactive Railroad Rights-of-way and Yards Final Report|date=October 1991|publisher=New York City Department of City Planning|pages=30–31}}</ref> A right of way is preserved along the northern boundary of North Woodmere Park, with no development taking place where the rail line once was.
+The New York and Rockaway Railroad was sold at [[foreclosure]] on May 27, 1903 and reorganized as the '''Jamaica and South Shore Railroad''' on October 18.<ref name="PRRC 1903">{{cite web|url= http://www.prrths.com/Hagley/PRR1903%20Mar%2005.pdf |title=PRR Chronology, 1903 }}&nbsp;{{small|(76.7&nbsp;[[Kibibyte|KiB]])}}, March 2005 Edition</ref><!--was it operated independently? 1905 says they leased it on January 16, 1905 - maybe it was a streetcar company too?--> The Jamaica and South Shore was merged into the LIRR on December 6, 1912.<ref name="PRRC 1912">{{cite web|url= http://www.prrths.com/Hagley/PRR1912%20Mar%2005.pdf |title=PRR Chronology, 1912 }}&nbsp;{{small|(45.1&nbsp;[[Kibibyte|KiB]])}}, March 2005 Edition</ref>
-The New York and Rockaway Railroad was sold at [[foreclosure]] on May 27, 1903 and reorganized as the '''Jamaica and South Shore Railroad''' on October 18.<ref name="PRRC 1903">{{PDFlink|[http://www.prrths.com/Hagley/PRR1903%20Mar%2005.pdf PRR Chronology, 1903]|76.7&nbsp;[[Kibibyte|KiB]]<!-- application/pdf, 78593 bytes -->}}, March 2005 Edition</ref><!--was it operated independently? 1905 says they leased it on January 16, 1905 - maybe it was a streetcar company too?--> The Jamaica and South Shore was merged into the LIRR on December 6, 1912.<ref name="PRRC 1912">{{PDFlink|[http://www.prrths.com/Hagley/PRR1912%20Mar%2005.pdf PRR Chronology, 1912]|45.1&nbsp;[[Kibibyte|KiB]]<!-- application/pdf, 46191 bytes -->}}, March 2005 Edition</ref>
 ==Stations==
 {{Expand list|date=May 2014}}
@@ Line 50: / Line 50: @@
 |-
 |colspan="5" align="center"|''For continuing service to points west, see [[Main Line (Long Island Rail Road)]]''
-|- bgcolor=dfdfdf
-|[[Hillside (LIRR station)|Hillside]]
-|
-|November, 1909
-|July 1, 1966
-|
-|-
 |- bgcolor=dfdfdf
 |[[Rockaway Junction (LIRR station)|Rockaway Junction]]
@@ Line 68: / Line 61: @@
 |July 1, 1898
 |
-|[[File:BSicon BAHN.svg|16px]] '''LIRR''': [[Babylon Branch|Babylon]] and [[West Hempstead Branch|West Hempstead Branches]]<hr>Originally named [[Locust Avenue (LIRR Springfield Branch station)|Locust Avenue]]<ref>[http://www.lirrhistory.com/oct2001/1898map.jpg 1898 Railroad Map of Queens and Kings County (Unofficial LIRR History Website)]</ref>
+|[[File:BSicon BAHN.svg|16px]] '''LIRR''': [[Babylon Branch|Babylon]] and [[West Hempstead Branch]]es<hr>Originally named [[Locust Avenue (LIRR Springfield Branch station)|Locust Avenue]]<ref>{{usurped|1=[https://web.archive.org/web/20020301080357/http://lirrhistory.com/oct2001/1898map.jpg 1898 Railroad Map of Queens and Kings County (Unofficial LIRR History Website)]}}</ref>
 |- bgcolor=dfdfdf
 |[[Springfield Gardens (LIRR station)|Springfield Gardens]]
@@ Line 78: / Line 71: @@
 |colspan="5" align="center"|''[[Atlantic Branch]] converges at [[Springfield Junction (Long Island Rail Road)|Springfield Junction]]<br>Segment south of the junction was abandoned in 1934''
 |- bgcolor=dfdfdf
-|[[Ocean Point (LIRR station)|Ocean Point]]
+|[[Ocean Point (Cedarhurst Cut-off)|Ocean Point]]
 |
 |
+|
+|Not to be confused with [[Cedarhurst station]], also formerly known as Ocean Point
+|- bgcolor=dfdfdf
+|[[Lawrence station (Cedarhurst Cut-off)|Lawrence]]
 |
 |
-|-
-|[[Lawrence (LIRR station)|Lawrence]] {{LIRR acc}}
-|22.0 (35.4)
-|July 29, 1869<ref name=Seyfried>[[Vincent F. Seyfried]], [[wikisource:The Long Island Rail Road: A Comprehensive History, Part One: South Side R.R. of L.I.|The Long Island Rail Road: A Comprehensive History, Part One: South Side R.R. of L.I.]], &copy; 1961</ref>
 |
-|[[File:BSicon BAHN.svg|16px]] '''LIRR''': [[Far Rockaway Branch]]<hr>Existing station was rebuilt in 1905
-|-
-|[[Far Rockaway (LIRR station)|Far Rockaway]] {{LIRR acc}}
-|23.0 (37.0)
-|July 29, 1869<ref name=Seyfried/>
 |
-|[[File:BSicon BAHN.svg|16px]] '''LIRR''': [[Far Rockaway Branch]]<br>[[File:BSicon SUBWAY.svg|16px]] {{NYCS Far Rockaway|time=bullets}} (at [[Far Rockaway – Mott Avenue (IND Rockaway Line)|Far Rockaway – Mott Avenue]])<br>{{bus icon}} '''[[MTA Bus]]''': [[Q22 (New York City bus)|Q22]], [[Q113 (New York City bus)|Q113]]<br>{{bus icon}} '''[[NICE Bus]]''': [[N31 (Long Island bus)|N31]], [[N32 (Long Island bus)|N32]], [[N33 (Long Island bus)|N33]]
-|-
-|colspan="5" align="center"|''[[Far Rockaway Branch]] converges continues south, section was abandoned in 1877''
 |- bgcolor=dfdfdf
-|[[Far Rockaway – Lockwood's Grove (NY&R station)|Far Rockaway – Lockwood's Grove]]
+|[[Far Rockaway–Lockwood's Grove (NY&R station)|Far Rockaway–Lockwood's Grove]]
 |
 |1872
@@ Line 110: / Line 95: @@
 {{Long Island Rail Road}}
 [[Category:Long Island Rail Road branches]]
 [[Category:Transportation in Nassau County, New York]]
 [[Category:Railway lines opened in 1871]]
-[[Category:1934 disestablishments in New York]]
+[[Category:1934 disestablishments in New York (state)]]
 [[Category:Railroad cutoffs]]
 [[Category:Railway lines closed in 1934]]
-[[Category:1871 establishments in New York]]
+[[Category:1871 establishments in New York (state)]]