Jump to content

Theodor Bergmann: Difference between revisions

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Browse history interactively
← Previous editNext edit →
Content deleted Content added
VisualWikitext
corrected year according to file name
m Added short description #article-add-desc
Tags: Mobile edit Mobile app edit iOS app edit
(14 intermediate revisions by 13 users not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
{{About|the German businessman and industrialist|the German footballer|Theodor Bergmann (footballer)}}
{{Short description|German businessman and industrialist}}
{{About|the German businessman and industrialist|the German footballer|Theodor Bergmann (footballer)|the German agronomist|Theodor Bergmann (agronomist)}}
{{Refimprove|date=October 2009}}
{{Refimprove|date=October 2009}}
{{Infobox person
{{Infobox person
| name = Theodor Bergmann
| name = Theodor Bergmann
| image = Th. Bergmann WB inhaber.jpg
| image =
| image_size=
| image_size=
| caption=Theodor Bergmann
| caption=Theodor Bergmann
Line 11: Line 12:
| death_date ={{death date and age|mf=yes|1931|03|23|1850|05|21}}
| death_date ={{death date and age|mf=yes|1931|03|23|1850|05|21}}
| death_place = [[Gaggenau]], Germany
| death_place = [[Gaggenau]], Germany
| occupation = gunsmith, engineer
| occupation = industrialist
| spouse =
| spouse =
| religion =
| children =
| children =
}}
}}
[[Image:Bergmann-Pistole.jpg|thumb|240px|Bergmann advertising 1900]]
[[Image:Bergmann-Pistole.jpg|thumb|240px|Bergmann advertising 1900]]
[[Image:Bergmann-model-1878-p1030155.jpg|thumb|240px|Bergmann 1910/21]]
[[Image:Bergmann-model-1878-p1030155.jpg|thumb|240px|Bergmann 1910/21]]
[[Image:Bergmann-Wagen 1901 Hochhut 16082007.jpg|thumb|240px|Bergmann-Wagen 1901]]
[[Image:Bergmann-Wagen 1901 Hochhut 16082007.jpg|thumb|240px|Bergmann car, 1901]]
[[Image:Shoot'in MP18 theodor-Bergmann-Waffenbau.jpg|thumb|240px|Theodore_Bergmann]]
[[Image:Shoot'in MP18 theodor-Bergmann-Waffenbau.jpg|thumb|240px|Theodor Bergmann]]
[[Image:Bergmann MP18.1.JPG|thumb|240px|Bergmann MP 18.1]]
[[Image:Bergmann MP18.1.JPG|thumb|240px|Bergmann MP 18.1]]

'''Theodor Bergmann''' (May 21, 1850 in [[Sailauf]] &ndash; March 23, 1931 in [[Gaggenau]])<ref>Erich Keyser; Heinz Stoob, ''Deutsches Städtebuch, Handbuch städtischer Geschichte'', Stuttgart, Kohlhammer, 1939. (page 239) {{OCLC|7303597}}</ref> was a [[Germans|German]] businessman and industrialist best remembered for the various revolutionary firearms his companies released. Like many entrepreneurs of the era, his activity was centered on bicycles and the nascent automobile. Armament was not Bergmann's primary focus, but the one he had more attraction to, which was the reason most of his pistols were manufactured under license once they were created, creating pistols and their ammunition.
'''Theodor Bergmann''' (May 21, 1850 in [[Sailauf]] &ndash; March 23, 1931 in [[Gaggenau]])<ref>Erich Keyser; Heinz Stoob, ''Deutsches Städtebuch, Handbuch städtischer Geschichte'', Stuttgart, [[Kohlhammer Verlag]], 1939. (page 239) {{OCLC|7303597}}</ref> was a [[Germans|German]] businessman and industrialist best remembered for the various revolutionary firearms his companies released. Like many entrepreneurs of the era, his activities centered on bicycles, and the nascent automobile. Armament was not Bergmann's primary focus, but the one he was most attracted to, which was the reason most of his pistols were manufactured under license once they were created. He is famous for creating automatic pistols, and their ammunition.


Theodor Bergmann sold his automobile activity to [[Carl Benz]] in 1910.
Theodor Bergmann sold his automobile activity to [[Carl Benz]] in 1910.

The first automatic pistol was made by the Clair brothers working in [[Saint-Étienne]], France using the newly appeared [[smokeless powder]], created by [[Paul Vieille]] in 1884 and used in the 1886 [[Lebel Model 1886 rifle|Lebel]] rifle, built a pistol in 1888 using a 8mm round derived from the Swiss 7.5mm 1882 round, but it was rejected by the [[French Army]].

The first pistol to be really manufactured with a significant number was designed by an Austrian, Joseph Laumann, and made by [[Osterreichische Waffenfabrik Gesellschaft]], [[Steyr]] in 1892. It was called the [[Laumman Pistol|Schönberger-Laumann]] and drew an immediate success. OWG later manufactured the Mannlicher 1894.

In 1893, Borchardt and Bergmann first pistols were already proposed in Europe and in America. The Borchardt evolved into the Borchardt Luger then into the Luger or [[Pistol Parabellum|Parabellum]] as known in Europe and became one of the most famous pistols in the world.


A new Bergmann model pistol was patented every year:
A new Bergmann model pistol was patented every year:
Line 37: Line 32:
*Bergmann 1895
*Bergmann 1895
*[[Bergmann 1896]]
*[[Bergmann 1896]]
*[[Bergmann 1897]] a.k.a. [[Bergmann Pieper]]
*[[Bergmann 1897]] a.k.a. [[Bergmann Pieper]]
*[[Bergmann 1898]]
*[[Bergmann 1898]]
*[[Bergmann 1899]]
*[[Bergmann 1899]]
*[[Bergmann 1901]] a.k.a. [[Bergmann Simplex]]
*[[Bergmann 1901]] a.k.a. [[Bergmann Simplex]]
*[[Bergmann–Bayard pistol|Bergmann Mars]]
*[[Bergmann Mars]]
*[[Bergmann–Bayard pistol|Bergmann 1905]]
*[[Bergmann–Bayard pistol|Bergmann 1905]]
*[[Bergmann 1908]] a.k.a. [[Bergmann–Bayard 1908]]
*[[Bergmann 1908]] a.k.a. [[Bergmann–Bayard 1908]]
*[[Bergmann–Bayard pistol|Bergmann 1910]] a.k.a. [[Bergmann–Bayard 1910]]
*[[Bergmann–Bayard pistol|Bergmann 1910]] a.k.a. [[Bergmann–Bayard 1910]]
*[[Bergmann–Bayard pistol|Bergmann 1910/21]] a.k.a. [[Bergmann–Bayard 1910/21]]
*[[Bergmann–Bayard pistol|Bergmann 1910/21]] a.k.a. [[Bergmann–Bayard 1910/21]]


Bergmann designed the [[Bergmann MG15 nA Gun]] a LMG using a locking system he patented in 1901. It was used until World War II as the [[MG 15 machine gun]]
Bergmann designed the [[Bergmann MG15 nA Gun]] a LMG using a locking system he patented in 1901. It was used until World War II as the [[Bergmann_MG_15nA_machine_gun|MG 15 machine gun]]


In 1915, the German Rifle Testing Commission at [[Spandau]] decided to develop a new weapon for [[trench warfare]]. The original intention had been to modify existing semi-automatic pistols, specifically the [[Luger pistol|Luger]] and [[Mauser C96|C96 Mauser]]. However, the mechanisms of these pistols were not suited to the stresses of full automatic fire, let alone the dirt and debris of the typical battlefield along with light weight weapons being difficult to control in full automatic fire. Based upon this, the Commission determined that a completely new kind of weapon was needed.
In 1915, the German Rifle Testing Commission at [[Spandau]] decided to develop a new weapon for [[trench warfare]]. The original intention had been to modify existing semi-automatic pistols, specifically the [[Luger pistol|Luger]] and [[Mauser C96|C96 Mauser]]. However, the mechanisms of these pistols were not suited to the stresses of full automatic fire, let alone the dirt and debris of the typical battlefield. In addition these light weight weapons were difficult to control in full automatic fire. Based upon this, the Commission determined that a completely new kind of weapon was needed.


[[Hugo Schmeisser]], working for the Bergmann Waffenfabrik, was part of a team that designed a new type of weapon to fulfill the requirements, which was designated the [[MP18]] or Maschinenpistole 18/I.
[[Hugo Schmeisser]], working for the Bergmann Waffenfabrik, was part of a team that designed a new type of weapon to fulfill the requirements, which was designated the [[MP18]] or Maschinenpistole 18/I.
Line 56: Line 51:


==Bibliography==
==Bibliography==
⚫
* Götz, Hans Dieter, ''German Military Rifles and Machine Pistols, 1871-1945'', Schiffer Publishing, Ltd. West Chester, Pennsylvania, 1990. {{OCLC|24416255}}

⚫
*Gotz, Hans Dieter, ''German Military Rifles and Machine Pistols, 1871-1945'', Schiffer Publishing, Ltd. West Chester, Pennsylvania, 1990. {{OCLC|24416255}}
* Schroeder, Joseph J., "Theodor Bergmann, ein Berühmter Name aus den Anfangszeiten der Selbstlader Pistolen" in Waffen Digest '83, Verlag Stocker-Schmid AG/Motorbuch Verlag, Zurich, 1982
* Schroeder, Joseph J., "Theodor Bergmann, ein Berühmter Name aus den Anfangszeiten der Selbstlader Pistolen" in Waffen Digest '83, Verlag Stocker-Schmid AG/Motorbuch Verlag, Zurich, 1982
*Smith, W.H.B., ''Small Arms of the World: The Basic Manual of Military Small Arms'', Harrisburg, Pa. : Stackpole Books, 1955. {{OCLC|3773343}}
* Smith, W.H.B., ''Small Arms of the World: The Basic Manual of Military Small Arms'', Harrisburg, Pa. : Stackpole Books, 1955. {{OCLC|3773343}}
*Günter Wollert; Reiner Lidschun; Wilfried Kopenhagen, ''Illustrierte Enzyklopädie der Schützenwaffen aus aller Welt : Schützenwaffen heute (1945-1985)'', Berlin : Militärverlag der Deutschen Demokratischen Republik, 1988. {{OCLC|19630248}}
* Günter Wollert; Reiner Lidschun; Wilfried Kopenhagen, ''Illustrierte Enzyklopädie der Schützenwaffen aus aller Welt : Schützenwaffen heute (1945-1985)'', Berlin : Militärverlag der Deutschen Demokratischen Republik, 1988. {{OCLC|19630248}}
*Clinton Ezell, Edward, ''Small Arms of the World'', Eleventh Edition, Arms & Armour Press, London, 1977
* Clinton Ezell, Edward, ''Small Arms of the World'', Eleventh Edition, Arms & Armour Press, London, 1977
* Deutsches Waffen Journal
* Deutsches Waffen Journal
* Visier
* Visier
Line 73: Line 67:
* American Handgunner
* American Handgunner
* SWAT Magazine
* SWAT Magazine
* Diana Armi
* Diana Armi
* Armi & Tiro
* Armi & Tiro


Line 82: Line 76:
*[[:de:Theodor Bergmann (Unternehmer)|Theodor Bergmann in German]]
*[[:de:Theodor Bergmann (Unternehmer)|Theodor Bergmann in German]]
*[http://www.gunsandammomag.com/classics/ct0305/ Guns & Ammo, May 2003 Bergmann pistols]
*[http://www.gunsandammomag.com/classics/ct0305/ Guns & Ammo, May 2003 Bergmann pistols]
*[http://www.littlegun.be/arme%20belge/artisans%20identifies%20p/a%20pieper%20s%20a%20anciens%20ets%20fr.htm Pieper Belgium licensed manufacturer of Bergmann pistol under the brand Bergmann Bayard.]
*[http://www.littlegun.be/arme%20belge/artisans%20identifies%20p/a%20pieper%20s%20a%20anciens%20ets%20fr.htm Pieper Belgium licensed manufacturer of Bergmann pistol under the brand Bergmann-Bayard.]
*[http://www.9mmlargo.com/cartridge/index.htm 9mm Largo, 9mm Bergmann]
*[http://www.9mmlargo.com/cartridge/index.htm 9mm Largo, 9mm Bergmann]
*[http://www.army.lt/guns/gallery/M022.jpg MG15]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20071010085757/http://www.army.lt/guns/gallery/M022.jpg MG15]
*[http://forums.accuratereloading.com/eve/forums/a/tpc/f/7811043/m/589109167 MP 18.1 Video, Informations and Pictures]
*[http://forums.accuratereloading.com/eve/forums/a/tpc/f/7811043/m/589109167 MP 18.1 Video, Informations and Pictures]
*[http://www.securityarms.com/20010315/galleryfiles/3200/3292.htm A Bergmann MP 18 built in Tsing Tao, China in 1927]
*[http://www.securityarms.com/20010315/galleryfiles/3200/3292.htm A Bergmann MP 18 built in Tsing Tao, China in 1927]
*[http://www.cruffler.com/historic-july00.html Historic Arms]
*[http://www.cruffler.com/historic-july00.html Historic Arms]
*[http://www.rediscov.com/spring/VFPCGI.exe?IDCFile=/spring/DETAILS.IDC,SPECIFIC=462,DATABASE=objects, Springfield Armory's Villar Perosa]
*[http://www.rediscov.com/spring/VFPCGI.exe?IDCFile=/spring/DETAILS.IDC,SPECIFIC=462,DATABASE=objects, Springfield Armory's Villar Perosa]{{Dead link|date=June 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=no }}


{{Authority control}}
{{Authority control}}
Line 95: Line 89:
[[Category:1850 births]]
[[Category:1850 births]]
[[Category:1931 deaths]]
[[Category:1931 deaths]]
[[Category:Firearm designers]]
[[Category:19th-century German inventors]]
⚫
[[Category:German businesspeople]]
[[Category:German inventors]]
[[Category:People from the Kingdom of Bavaria]]
[[Category:People from the Kingdom of Bavaria]]
⚫
[[Category:20th-century German inventors]]

Revision as of 19:58, 30 April 2024

This article is about the German businessman and industrialist. For the German footballer, see Theodor Bergmann (footballer). For the German agronomist, see Theodor Bergmann (agronomist).
Theodor Bergmann
Born
Theodor Bergmann

(1850-05-21)May 21, 1850
Sailauf, Germany
DiedMarch 23, 1931(1931-03-23) (aged 80)
Gaggenau, Germany
Occupationindustrialist
Bergmann advertising 1900
Bergmann 1910/21
Bergmann car, 1901
Theodor Bergmann
Bergmann MP 18.1

Theodor Bergmann (May 21, 1850 in Sailauf – March 23, 1931 in Gaggenau)[1] was a German businessman and industrialist best remembered for the various revolutionary firearms his companies released. Like many entrepreneurs of the era, his activities centered on bicycles, and the nascent automobile. Armament was not Bergmann's primary focus, but the one he was most attracted to, which was the reason most of his pistols were manufactured under license once they were created. He is famous for creating automatic pistols, and their ammunition.

Theodor Bergmann sold his automobile activity to Carl Benz in 1910.

A new Bergmann model pistol was patented every year:

Bergmann designed the Bergmann MG15 nA Gun a LMG using a locking system he patented in 1901. It was used until World War II as the MG 15 machine gun

In 1915, the German Rifle Testing Commission at Spandau decided to develop a new weapon for trench warfare. The original intention had been to modify existing semi-automatic pistols, specifically the Luger and C96 Mauser. However, the mechanisms of these pistols were not suited to the stresses of full automatic fire, let alone the dirt and debris of the typical battlefield. In addition these light weight weapons were difficult to control in full automatic fire. Based upon this, the Commission determined that a completely new kind of weapon was needed.

Hugo Schmeisser, working for the Bergmann Waffenfabrik, was part of a team that designed a new type of weapon to fulfill the requirements, which was designated the MP18 or Maschinenpistole 18/I.

Theodor Bergmann's company still exists today as a plastics manufacturer.

Bibliography

  • Götz, Hans Dieter, German Military Rifles and Machine Pistols, 1871-1945, Schiffer Publishing, Ltd. West Chester, Pennsylvania, 1990. OCLC 24416255
  • Schroeder, Joseph J., "Theodor Bergmann, ein Berühmter Name aus den Anfangszeiten der Selbstlader Pistolen" in Waffen Digest '83, Verlag Stocker-Schmid AG/Motorbuch Verlag, Zurich, 1982
  • Smith, W.H.B., Small Arms of the World: The Basic Manual of Military Small Arms, Harrisburg, Pa. : Stackpole Books, 1955. OCLC 3773343
  • Günter Wollert; Reiner Lidschun; Wilfried Kopenhagen, Illustrierte Enzyklopädie der Schützenwaffen aus aller Welt : Schützenwaffen heute (1945-1985), Berlin : Militärverlag der Deutschen Demokratischen Republik, 1988. OCLC 19630248
  • Clinton Ezell, Edward, Small Arms of the World, Eleventh Edition, Arms & Armour Press, London, 1977
  • Deutsches Waffen Journal
  • Visier
  • Schweizer Waffen Magazin
  • Internationales Waffen Magazin
  • Cibles
  • AMI
  • Gazette des Armes
  • Action Guns
  • Guns & Ammo
  • American Handgunner
  • SWAT Magazine
  • Diana Armi
  • Armi & Tiro

Notes

  1. ^ Erich Keyser; Heinz Stoob, Deutsches Städtebuch, Handbuch städtischer Geschichte, Stuttgart, Kohlhammer Verlag, 1939. (page 239) OCLC 7303597
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Theodor_Bergmann&oldid=1221586233"