Rijckloff van Goens: Difference between revisions
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{{Short description|Dutch governor}} |
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'''Rijckloff van Goens''' ([[June 24]] [[1619]] – [[November 14]] [[1682]]) was [[Governor-General of the Dutch East Indies]] from 1678-1681. He wrote extensively about his travels to [[Ceylon]] and [[India]]. |
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{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2019}} |
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{{Infobox governor |
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| honorific-prefix = |
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| name = Rijcklof Volckertsz. van Goens |
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| honorific-suffix = |
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| image = Rijcklof van Goens.jpg |
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| alt = |
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| caption = Portrait by [[Jürgen Ovens]] |
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| order = |
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| office = [[List of Governors of Dutch Ceylon|Governor]] of [[Dutch period in Ceylon|Dutch Ceylon]] |
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| term_start = 12 May 1660 |
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| term_end = 1661 |
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| lieutenant = |
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| predecessor = [[Adriaan van der Meyden]] |
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| successor = [[Adriaan van der Meyden]] |
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| term_start2 = 1663 |
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| term_end2 = 1663 |
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| lieutenant2 = |
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| predecessor2 = [[Adriaan van der Meyden]] |
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| successor2 = [[Jacob Hustaert]] |
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| term_start3 = 19 November 1664 |
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| term_end3 = 1675 |
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| lieutenant3 = |
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| predecessor3 = [[Jacob Hustaert]] |
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| successor3 = [[Ryklof van Goens de jonge]] |
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| office4 = [[Governor-General of the Dutch East Indies]] |
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| term_start4 = 4 January 1678 |
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| term_end4 = 25 November 1681<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.worldstatesmen.org/Indonesia.htm|title = Indonesia}}</ref> |
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| predecessor4 = [[Joan Maetsuycker]] |
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| successor4 = [[Cornelis Speelman]] |
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| birth_date = 24 June 1619 |
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| birth_place = [[Rees, Germany|Rees]] |
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| death_date = {{Death date and age|1682|11|14|1619|05|24|df=y}} |
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| death_place = [[Amsterdam]], [[Dutch Republic]] |
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| restingplace = |
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| restingplacecoordinates = |
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| birthname = |
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| citizenship = |
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| nationality = {{flagicon|Dutch Republic}} [[Dutch Republic]] |
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| party = |
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| otherparty = <!--For additional political affiliations--> |
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| spouse = |
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| partner = <!--For those with a domestic partner and not married--> |
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| relations = |
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| children = |
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| residence = |
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| alma_mater = |
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| occupation = |
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| profession = |
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| cabinet = |
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| committees = |
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| portfolio = |
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| religion = |
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| signature = |
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| signature_alt = |
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| website = |
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| footnotes = <!--Military service--> |
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| nickname = |
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| allegiance = {{flagicon|VOC}} [[Dutch East India Company]] |
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| branch = |
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| serviceyears = |
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| rank = |
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| unit = |
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| commands = |
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| battles = {{tree list}} |
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*[[Dutch-Portuguese War]] |
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**[[Action of 2 May 1654]] |
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**[[Conquest of Negapatnam]] |
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**[[Siege of Nagapatnam (1658)]] |
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**[[Dutch conquest of Malabar (1658-1663)]] |
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**[[Siege of Quilon (1661)]] |
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**[[Siege of Cochin (1662)]] |
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**[[Capture of Cannanore (1663)]] |
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**Further conquests of Portuguese footholds in Asia<ref>Mostert, 2007, p. 63</ref> |
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*[[Dutch-Zamorin Conflicts]] |
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**1666-1668 conflict |
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**1670-1672 conflict |
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*[[Franco-Dutch War]] |
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**[[Third Anglo-Dutch War]] |
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**[[Battle of Masulipatnam]] |
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**[[Siege of São Tomé (1673)]] |
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**[[Kandyan-Dutch War (1670-1675)]] |
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**[[Siege of Trincomalee (1673)]] |
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*[[Trunajaya rebellion]] |
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{{tree list/end}} |
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| awards = |
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}} |
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'''Rijcklof Volckertsz. van Goens''' (24 June 1619 – 14 November 1682) was the [[Governor of Zeylan]] and [[Governor-General of the Dutch East Indies]]. He was the [[Governor of Zeylan]] from 12 May 1660 to 1661, then in 1663 and finally from 19 November 1664 to 1675 during the [[Dutch period in Ceylon]].<ref>{{cite web|last=Cahoon|first=Ben|title=Dutch Governors|url=http://www.worldstatesmen.org/Sri_Lanka.html|publisher=Worldstatesmen|access-date=1 March 2013}}</ref> He was also served as Council Member of [[India]] during 1679.<ref>{{cite web|title=Groot Constantia History|url=http://www.grootconstantia.co.za/our-story/groot-constantia-history/?id=8|publisher=grootconstantia}}</ref> Van Goens’ managed to monopolize the cinnamon trade, get hold of the Malabar pepper and drive away the Portuguese from Ceylon and the Coromandel Coast for the VOC. |
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[[File:Johan Philip Koelman after Bartholomeus van der Helst - Family portrait of Rijcklof van Goens and Jacomine Bartolomeusdr. Rosegaard, their children Rijcklof and Volckert, and a servant.jpg|left|thumb|Rijckloff van Goens and his family]] |
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Van Goens was born in [[Rees, Germany|Rees]]. He wrote extensively about his travels to Java, [[Ceylon]] and [[India]]. His writing about visits to the palaces of [[Sultan Agung]] and his successors are important references for historians of the Mataram era in Java. He died in [[Amsterdam]], aged 63. |
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On 20 February 1673, Van Goens with a fleet of 6,000 men attacked Bombay. Soon, The [[Treaty of Westminster (1674)|Treaty of Westminster]] concluded between England and the Netherlands in 1674, relieved the British settlements in Bombay of further apprehension from the Dutch.<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=miD5YO05jpUC&dq=Rickloffe+van+Goen+1673&pg=PA290 Origin of Bombay By J. Gerson Da Cunha, p. 290]</ref> In 1679 when Rijckloff van Goens arrived at [[Cape Town]], while recuperating from an illness. He recommended to the Chamber of Seventeen, the governing body of the [[Dutch East India Company|Dutch East India Company (VOC)]], that land should be granted to [[Simon van der Stel]]. When [[Simon van der Stel]] received title to 891 morgen (about 763 hectares) on 13 July 1685, he built a house and used the land to produce wine and called the estate as [[Groot Constantia]] where Groot in Dutch is great and Constantia is daughter's name of Rijckloff van Goens.<ref>{{cite web|title=Groot Constantia History|url=http://www.grootconstantia.co.za/our-story/groot-constantia-history/?id=8|publisher=grootconstantia}}</ref> |
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His writing about visits to the palaces of [[Sultan Agung]] and his successors are important references for historians of the Mataram era in Java. |
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==Campaigns against the Portuguese== |
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==See also== |
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[[File:Rycklof van Goens (1619-82). Gouverneur-generaal (1678-81) Rijksmuseum SK-A-3766.jpeg|left|frameless|218x218px]] |
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Van Goens had been leading many of the successful military campaigns directed at the Portuguese. Van Goens, was of the belief that everybody else, but especially Muslim traders, England and Portugal, were jealous of the company's possessions. He believed that the company should strike before its enemies would strike, which naturally would lead to a further increase of the company's possessions. The VOC was, first and foremost, a trading company. Therefore, officials back in the Netherlands were reluctant to send reinforcements over to Asia. Nevertheless, van Goens was able to successfully convince the majority of the officials to send a massive fleet to Asia, with the goal of taking Ceylon, Cochin, Diu, Goa, Mozambique and Macao from the Portuguese. Van Goens was able to conquer Jaffanapatnam, Mannar and the stronghold of Tuticorin on the Coromandel Coast by 23 June 1658.<ref>Mostert, 2007, p. 63</ref> He did this with 21 ships, carrying a total of 2139 soldiers, 1550 sailors, 240 Singhalese soldiers and 180 saves. The soldiers themselves saw little action as the towns surrendered. In 1661, when a peace treaty was signed between Portugal and the Republic, the plan that van Goens so carefully planned a few years before, appeared to be a failure as the Portuguese's fortresses were stronger than van Goens had anticipated. Nevertheless, the Portuguese were expulsed from Ceylon and the Coromandel Coast.<ref> Blussé, 2002, p. 176</ref> Macao, Diu, Goa, Cochin and Mozambique were still in Portuguese hands.<ref>Mostert, 2007, p. 72</ref> Formosa had been lost as well. Two years later, van Goens conquered Cochin. After a hard battle, the Portuguese commander Sermento negotiated a surrender on 7 January 1663.<ref>Meilink-Roelofsz, 1982, p. 310</ref> |
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==See also== |
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* [[Dutch East India Company]] |
* [[Dutch East India Company]] |
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* [[Governor-General of the Dutch East Indies]] |
* [[Governor-General of the Dutch East Indies]] |
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* [[Shenoy]] |
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==References== |
==References== |
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{{Reflist}} |
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* http://www.vocsite.nl/geschiedenis/personalia/vangoens.html (Dutch website) |
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==Bibliography== |
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{{ |
{{refbegin}} |
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{{succession box | |
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before=[[Joan Maetsuycker]] | |
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title=[[Governor-General of the Dutch East Indies]] | |
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years=1678–1681 | |
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after=[[Cornelis Speelman]] |
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}}{{s-gov}} |
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{{succession box | |
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before=[[Adriaan van der Meijden]] | |
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title=[[Governor-General of the Dutch Ceylon]] | |
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years=1660–1661 and 1663 | |
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after=[[Adriaan van der Meijden]] |
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}}{s-gov}} |
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{{succession box | |
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before=[[Jacob Hustaert]] | |
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title=[[Governor-General of the Dutch Ceylon]] | |
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years=1664–1675 | |
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after=[[Rijckloff van Goens Jr]] |
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}} |
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{{end box}} |
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* [[Leonard Blussé|Blussé, Leonard]], "De Chinese nachtmerrie: een terugtocht en twee nederlagen" in: ''De voc: tussen oorlog en diplomatie, Leiden'': Oxford University press, 2002. |
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Van Goens, Rijckloff}} |
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* [[Femme Gaastra]], ''The Dutch East India Company: expansion and decline''. Zutphen: Walburg Pers, 2003. |
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* [[Jaap R. Bruijn|Bruijn, J. R.]], [[Femme Gaastra]], and I. Schöffer, eds., ''Dutch-Asiatic shipping in the 17th and 18th centuries''. Rijks geschiedkundige publicatiën. Grote serie, vol. 165–167. (The Hague: Nijhoff, 1979, 1987). |
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* [[Meilink-Roelofsz]], M. A. P., "Hoe rationeel was de organisatie van de Nederlandse Oost-Indische Compagnie?", ''Economisch en sociaal-historisch jaarboek'' 44 (1982) 170–190. |
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* [[Tristan Mostert]], ''Chain of command: The military system of the Dutch East India Company 1655–1663'', University of Leiden, 2007. |
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{{refend}} |
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==External links== |
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* '''(Dutch)''' [http://www.vocsite.nl/geschiedenis/personalia/vangoens.html www.vocsite.nl] |
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{{Dutch governors of Ceylon}} |
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{{VOC Governors}} |
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{{Authority control}} |
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Goens, Rijckloff van}} |
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[[Category:1619 births]] |
[[Category:1619 births]] |
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[[Category:1682 deaths]] |
[[Category:1682 deaths]] |
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[[Category: |
[[Category:History of Kerala]] |
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[[Category:People from Kleve (district)]] |
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[[Category:Governors-General of the Dutch East Indies]] |
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[[id:Rijkloff van Goens]] |
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[[Category:Governors of Dutch Ceylon]] |
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[[jv:Rijkloff van Goens]] |
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[[Category:17th-century Dutch colonial governors]] |
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[[nl:Rijklof van Goens]] |
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[[Category:Dutch East India Company people from Amsterdam]] |
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[[Category:Writers about India]] |
Revision as of 11:44, 13 May 2024
Rijcklof Volckertsz. van Goens (24 June 1619 – 14 November 1682) was the Governor of Zeylan and Governor-General of the Dutch East Indies. He was the Governor of Zeylan from 12 May 1660 to 1661, then in 1663 and finally from 19 November 1664 to 1675 during the Dutch period in Ceylon.[3] He was also served as Council Member of India during 1679.[4] Van Goens’ managed to monopolize the cinnamon trade, get hold of the Malabar pepper and drive away the Portuguese from Ceylon and the Coromandel Coast for the VOC.
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Johan_Philip_Koelman_after_Bartholomeus_van_der_Helst_-_Family_portrait_of_Rijcklof_van_Goens_and_Jacomine_Bartolomeusdr._Rosegaard%2C_their_children_Rijcklof_and_Volckert%2C_and_a_servant.jpg/220px-thumbnail.jpg)
Van Goens was born in Rees. He wrote extensively about his travels to Java, Ceylon and India. His writing about visits to the palaces of Sultan Agung and his successors are important references for historians of the Mataram era in Java. He died in Amsterdam, aged 63.
On 20 February 1673, Van Goens with a fleet of 6,000 men attacked Bombay. Soon, The Treaty of Westminster concluded between England and the Netherlands in 1674, relieved the British settlements in Bombay of further apprehension from the Dutch.[5] In 1679 when Rijckloff van Goens arrived at Cape Town, while recuperating from an illness. He recommended to the Chamber of Seventeen, the governing body of the Dutch East India Company (VOC), that land should be granted to Simon van der Stel. When Simon van der Stel received title to 891 morgen (about 763 hectares) on 13 July 1685, he built a house and used the land to produce wine and called the estate as Groot Constantia where Groot in Dutch is great and Constantia is daughter's name of Rijckloff van Goens.[6]
Campaigns against the Portuguese
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Rycklof_van_Goens_%281619-82%29._Gouverneur-generaal_%281678-81%29_Rijksmuseum_SK-A-3766.jpeg/175px-Rycklof_van_Goens_%281619-82%29._Gouverneur-generaal_%281678-81%29_Rijksmuseum_SK-A-3766.jpeg)
Van Goens had been leading many of the successful military campaigns directed at the Portuguese. Van Goens, was of the belief that everybody else, but especially Muslim traders, England and Portugal, were jealous of the company's possessions. He believed that the company should strike before its enemies would strike, which naturally would lead to a further increase of the company's possessions. The VOC was, first and foremost, a trading company. Therefore, officials back in the Netherlands were reluctant to send reinforcements over to Asia. Nevertheless, van Goens was able to successfully convince the majority of the officials to send a massive fleet to Asia, with the goal of taking Ceylon, Cochin, Diu, Goa, Mozambique and Macao from the Portuguese. Van Goens was able to conquer Jaffanapatnam, Mannar and the stronghold of Tuticorin on the Coromandel Coast by 23 June 1658.[7] He did this with 21 ships, carrying a total of 2139 soldiers, 1550 sailors, 240 Singhalese soldiers and 180 saves. The soldiers themselves saw little action as the towns surrendered. In 1661, when a peace treaty was signed between Portugal and the Republic, the plan that van Goens so carefully planned a few years before, appeared to be a failure as the Portuguese's fortresses were stronger than van Goens had anticipated. Nevertheless, the Portuguese were expulsed from Ceylon and the Coromandel Coast.[8] Macao, Diu, Goa, Cochin and Mozambique were still in Portuguese hands.[9] Formosa had been lost as well. Two years later, van Goens conquered Cochin. After a hard battle, the Portuguese commander Sermento negotiated a surrender on 7 January 1663.[10]
See also
References
- ^ "Indonesia".
- ^ Mostert, 2007, p. 63
- ^ Cahoon, Ben. "Dutch Governors". Worldstatesmen. Retrieved 1 March 2013.
- ^ "Groot Constantia History". grootconstantia.
- ^ Origin of Bombay By J. Gerson Da Cunha, p. 290
- ^ "Groot Constantia History". grootconstantia.
- ^ Mostert, 2007, p. 63
- ^ Blussé, 2002, p. 176
- ^ Mostert, 2007, p. 72
- ^ Meilink-Roelofsz, 1982, p. 310
Bibliography
- Blussé, Leonard, "De Chinese nachtmerrie: een terugtocht en twee nederlagen" in: De voc: tussen oorlog en diplomatie, Leiden: Oxford University press, 2002.
- Femme Gaastra, The Dutch East India Company: expansion and decline. Zutphen: Walburg Pers, 2003.
- Bruijn, J. R., Femme Gaastra, and I. Schöffer, eds., Dutch-Asiatic shipping in the 17th and 18th centuries. Rijks geschiedkundige publicatiën. Grote serie, vol. 165–167. (The Hague: Nijhoff, 1979, 1987).
- Meilink-Roelofsz, M. A. P., "Hoe rationeel was de organisatie van de Nederlandse Oost-Indische Compagnie?", Economisch en sociaal-historisch jaarboek 44 (1982) 170–190.
- Tristan Mostert, Chain of command: The military system of the Dutch East India Company 1655–1663, University of Leiden, 2007.
External links
- (Dutch) www.vocsite.nl