Jump to content

Wakatake-class destroyer: Difference between revisions

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Browse history interactively
← Previous edit
Content deleted Content added
VisualWikitext
m http->https
bad link
 
(20 intermediate revisions by 12 users not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
{{refimprove|date=January 2013}}
{|{{Infobox ship begin}}
{|{{Infobox ship begin}}
{{Infobox ship image
{{Infobox ship image
|Ship image=[[File:Kuretake2.jpg|300px]]
|Ship image=Kuretake2.jpg
|Ship caption=The ''Wakatake''-class destroyer ''Kuretake''
|Ship caption=The ''Wakatake''-class destroyer ''Kuretake''
}}
}}
Line 12: Line 11:
*[[IHI Corporation|Ishikawajima Shipyards]]
*[[IHI Corporation|Ishikawajima Shipyards]]
|Operators={{navy|Empire of Japan}}
|Operators={{navy|Empire of Japan}}
|Class before={{sclass-|Minekaze|destroyer|4}}
|Class before={{sclass|Minekaze|destroyer|4}}
|Class after={{sclass-|Kamikaze|destroyer (1922)|4}}
|Class after={{sclass|Kamikaze|destroyer (1922)|4}}
|Subclasses=
|Subclasses=
|Built range=
|Built range=
|In commission range= 1920–1945
|In commission range= 1920–1945
|Total ships planned=23
|Total ships planned=13
|Total ships completed=8
|Total ships completed=8
|Total ships cancelled=15
|Total ships cancelled=5
|Total ships lost=7
|Total ships lost=7
|Total ships retired=1
|Total ships retired=1
Line 28: Line 27:
|Header caption=
|Header caption=
|Ship type=[[Destroyer]]
|Ship type=[[Destroyer]]
|Ship displacement=*{{convert|900|LT|t|lk=in}} normal,
|Ship displacement=*{{convert|900|LT|t|0|lk=in}} normal,
*{{convert|1100|LT|t|abbr=on}} full load
*{{convert|1100|LT|t|0|abbr=on}} full load
|Ship length=*{{convert|83.8|m|ft|abbr=on}} [[Length between perpendiculars|pp]],
|Ship length=*{{convert|83.8|m|ft|abbr=on}} [[Length between perpendiculars|pp]],
*{{convert|85.3|m|ft|abbr=on}} overall
*{{convert|85.3|m|ft|abbr=on}} overall
Line 58: Line 57:
}}
}}
|}
|}
The {{nihongo|'''''Wakatake''-class destroyers'''|若竹型駆逐艦|Wakatakegata kuchikukan}} were a [[ship class|class]] of eight 2nd-class [[destroyer]]s of the [[Imperial Japanese Navy]].<ref>Jentsura, ''Warships of the Imperial Japanese Navy, 1869-1945''</ref>
The {{nihongo|'''''Wakatake''-class destroyers'''|若竹型駆逐艦|Wakatakegata kuchikukan}} were a [[ship class|class]] of eight second-class [[destroyer]]s of the [[Imperial Japanese Navy]].<ref>Jentsura, ''Warships of the Imperial Japanese Navy, 1869-1945''</ref>


==Background==
==Background==
The medium-sized ''Wakatake''-class destroyers were a follow-on to the {{sclass-|Momi|destroyer|4}} as part of the Imperial Japanese Navy's [[Eight-eight fleet|8-6 Fleet Program]] from fiscal 1921 as a lower cost accompaniment to the larger {{sclass-|Minekaze|destroyer|2}}s. The class was originally planned to consist of twenty-three vessels, but due to the [[Washington Naval Treaty]], as well as budgetary limitations, the final number was reduced to eight. The ''Wakatake'' class was the last class to be rated "second class" and all future destroyers were designed larger.<ref>Globalsecurity.org, IJN Wakatake class destroyers</ref> It was planned that the ''Wakatake''-class ships should have names, but upon completion they were given numbers. This proved to be extremely unpopular with the crews and was a constant source of confusion in communications, so in 1928, names were assigned.<ref>Howarth, ''The Fighting Ships of the Rising Sun''</ref>
The medium-sized ''Wakatake''-class destroyers were a follow-on to the {{sclass|Momi|destroyer|4}} as part of the Imperial Japanese Navy's [[Eight-eight fleet|8-6 Fleet Program]] from fiscal 1921 as a lower cost accompaniment to the larger {{sclass|Minekaze|destroyer|2}}s. The class was originally planned to consist of thirteen vessels, but due to the [[Washington Naval Treaty]], as well as budgetary limitations, the orders for the last four were cancelled in 1922, with the final number being reduced to eight when ''No.14'' was also cancelled. The ''Wakatake'' class was the last class to be rated "second class" and all future destroyers were designed larger.<ref>Globalsecurity.org, IJN Wakatake class destroyers</ref> It was planned that the ''Wakatake''-class ships should have names, but upon completion they were given numbers. This proved to be extremely unpopular with the crews and was a constant source of confusion in communications, so in 1928, names were assigned.<ref>Howarth, ''The Fighting Ships of the Rising Sun''</ref>


==Design==
==Design==
The ''Wakatake''-class destroyers were essentially slightly modified ''Momi''-class ships with a deeper draft to improve handling characteristics in heavy seas, particularly against rolling. Weaponry layout (with the exception of added AA armaments), general arrangement and silhouette were all identical with the ''Momi'' class.
The ''Wakatake''-class destroyers were essentially slightly modified ''Momi''-class ships with 50 tons additional displacement and a deeper draft to improve handling characteristics in heavy seas, particularly against rolling. Weaponry layout (with the exception of added AA armaments), general arrangement and silhouette were all identical with the ''Momi'' class.


As with the ''Momi'' class, a number of types of [[turbine engine]]s were used for propulsion. ''Asagao'' was built with [[Parsons Marine Steam Turbine Company|Parsons]] impulse turbines, ''Yūgao'' with [[Escher Wyss & Cie]] Zoelly turbines, and the remaining vessels with [[John Brown & Company|Brown-Curtis]] turbines.
As with the ''Momi'' class, a number of types of [[steam turbine]]s were used for propulsion. ''Asagao'' was built with [[Parsons Marine Steam Turbine Company|Parsons]] impulse turbines, ''Yūgao'' with [[Escher Wyss & Cie]] Zoelly turbines, and the remaining vessels with [[John Brown & Company|Brown-Curtis]] turbines.

The armament for the ''Wakatake''-class was identical to that of the ''Momi'' class. The [[main battery]] consisted of three [[Type 3 120 mm 45 caliber naval gun]]s in single mounts, with two twin Type 6 torpedo launchers. Anti-aircraft protection was provided by two 7.7mm machine guns. After the start of the [[Pacific War]], one of the Type 3 guns was replaced by two triple-mount [[Type 96 25 mm AT/AA Gun|Type 96]] 25-mm cannons, although some vessels had three twin-mounts and two single-mounts instead. The minesweeping gear was replaced by 36 to 48 [[depth charge]]s with four launchers. Some of the vessels also were fitted with a Type 13 radar.<ref name="Stille">{{cite book |last1=Stille |first1=Mark |title=Imperial Japanese Navy Antisubmarine Escorts 1941–45 |date=2017 |publisher=Osprey Publishing |location=Oxford, UK |isbn=978-1-4728-1817-1 |pages=14–17}}</ref>


==Operational history==
==Operational history==
The small displacement and shallow draft of the ''Wakatake'' class limited their utility as fleet escorts. As with the ''Momi'' class, in the 1920s and 1930s, they were mainly used in Chinese coastal waters.<ref>https://www.webcitation.org/query?url=http://www.geocities.com/bullhead262/ijn/dd/dd.htm&date=2009-10-25+16:42:57</ref>
The small displacement of the ''Wakatake''-class limited their utility as fleet escorts, and as with the ''Momi''-class, they were mainly used in Chinese coastal waters, where their shallow draft made them suitable for operations in rivers and coastal waters.<ref name="Stille"/>


On 15 September 1932, ''Sarawabi'' capsized due to poor stability and sank north of [[Keelung]] near [[Taiwan]].
On 15 September 1932, {{ship|Japanese destroyer|Sawarabi||2}} capsized due to poor stability and sank north of [[Keelung]] near [[Taiwan]]. In April 1940 {{ship|Japanese destroyer|Yūgao||2}} was re-rated as ''Patrol Boat No. 46'', with considerably reduced armament and the removal of one boiler, which reduced her speed to only 18 knots.<ref name="Stille"/>


⚫
Of the remaining six units, three (''Wakatake'', ''Kuretake'', and ''Sanae'') were assigned to Destroyer Division 13 under the [[Kure Naval District]], and patrolled the [[Seto Inland Sea]] and the [[Bungo Strait]] on [[anti-submarine warfare|antisubmarine patrols]]. The other three (''Asagao'', ''Fuyō'' and ''Karukaya'') were assigned to Destroyer Division 32 under the [[Chinkai Guard District]], which was assigned to patrol the [[Tsushima Strait]] screening maritime traffic in the [[Tsushima Straits]]. From 10 April 1942, the 1st Surface Escort Division of the [[Southwest Area Fleet]] was created, and Desdivs 13 and 32 were assigned to it to provide protection for convoys against [[Allies of World War II|Allied]] submarine activity. The convoy routes were initially those between [[Moji-ku, Kitakyūshū|Moji]], Taiwan, and the [[Philippines]]. Later, these routes extended to [[Singapore]], [[French Indochina]], the [[Netherlands East Indies]], and [[Palau]]. In the course of this service, {{ship|Japanese destroyer|Karukaya||2}} set a record by successfully completing 54 convoy escorts before her loss. Of the six destroyers, four were lost to American submarines, and one to an air attack. Only {{ship|Japanese destroyer|Asagao||2}} survived the war and was finally broken up in 1948.<ref>Nevitt, Combined Fleet.com</ref>
In April 1940 ''Yūgao'' was re-rated as ''Patrol Boat No. 46'', with considerably reduced armament.

Six of the eight ''Wakatake''-class destroyers still operating as destroyers on the eve of the [[Pacific War]], equally divided between the 13th and 32nd Destroyer Divisions. Desdiv 13 comprised ''Wakatake'', ''Kuretake'', and ''Sanae'', and was assigned to the [[Kure Naval District]]. These ships were charged with [[anti-submarine warfare|antisubmarine patrols]] in the waters of the [[Seto Inland Sea|Inland Sea]], [[Bungo Strait]], and western [[Kyūshū]]. Desdiv 32 with ''Asagao'', ''Fuyō'' and ''Karukaya'' came under the [[Chinkai Guard District]] and spent the war's early months screening maritime traffic in the [[Tsushima Straits]].
⚫
On 10 April 1942, the 1st Surface Escort Division of the [[Southwest Area Fleet]] was created, and Desdivs 13 and 32 were assigned to it to provide protection for convoys against [[Allies of World War II|Allied]] submarine activity. The convoy routes were initially those between [[Moji-ku, Kitakyūshū|Moji]], Taiwan, and the [[Philippines]]. Later, these routes extended to [[Singapore]], [[French Indochina]], the [[Netherlands East Indies]], and [[Palau]]. In the course of this service ''Karukaya'' set a record by successfully completing 54 convoy escorts before her loss.

Of the six destroyers, four were lost to American submarines, and one to an air attack. Only ''Asagao'' survived the war and was finally broken up in 1948.<ref>Nevitt, Combined Fleet.com</ref>


==List of Ships==
==List of Ships==
{{clear}}
{{clear}}
{|class="wikitable" style="font-size:97%;"
{|class="wikitable sortable plainrowheaders" style="font-size:97%;"
|+ Construction data
|-
|-
!width="10%"| Kanji
! scope="col" | Name
! scope="col" | Kanji
!Name
!Builder
! scope="col" | Builder
!Laid down
! scope="col" | Laid down
!Launched
! scope="col" | Launched
!Completed
! scope="col" | Completed
!width="38%"|Fate
! scope="col" | Fate
|-
|-
⚫
! scope="row" | {{ship|Japanese destroyer|Wakatake||2}} ({{nowrap|ex-''No.2''}})
| 若竹<br/>(第二駆逐艦)
| {{lang|ja|若竹}}
⚫
| {{ship|Japanese destroyer|Wakatake||2}}<br/>ex-DD-2
| [[Kawasaki Shipbuilding Corporation|Kawasaki Shipyards]], [[Japan]]
| [[Kawasaki Shipbuilding Corporation|Kawasaki Shipyards]], [[Japan]]
| 13 December 1921
| 13 December 1921
| 24 July 1922
| 24 July 1922
| 30 September 1922
| 30 September 1922
| Sunk 30 March 1944 in air attack off Palau [07.50N, 134.20E]; struck 10 May 1944
| Sunk in air attack off Palau during [[Operation Desecrate One]] {{coord|07.50|N|134.20|E|type:event_region:XP|name=IJN Wakatake sunk by air attack, 30 March 1944}}, 30 March 1944; struck 10 May 1944
|-
|-
⚫
! scope="row" | {{ship|Japanese destroyer|Kuretake||2}} ({{nowrap|ex-''No.4''}})
|呉竹<br/>(第四駆逐艦)
| {{lang|ja|呉竹}}
⚫
| {{ship|Japanese destroyer|Kuretake||2}}<br/>ex-DD-4
| [[Maizuru Naval Arsenal]], Japan
| [[Maizuru Naval Arsenal]], Japan
| 15 March 1922
| 15 March 1922
| 21 October 1922
| 21 October 1922
| 21 December 1922
| 21 December 1922
| Sunk 30 December 1944 by {{USS|Razorback|SS-394|6}} at [[Bashi Channel]] [21N, 121.24E]; struck 10 February 1945
| Sunk by {{USS|Razorback|SS-394|6}} at [[Bashi Channel]] {{coord|21|N|121.24|E|type:event_region:XP|name=IJN Kuretake sunk by USS Razorback, 30 December 1944}}, 30 December 1944; struck 10 February 1945
|-
|-
⚫
! scope="row" | {{ship|Japanese destroyer|Sanae||2}} ({{nowrap|ex-''No.6''}})
| 早苗<br>(第六駆逐艦)
| {{lang|ja|早苗}}
⚫
| {{ship|Japanese destroyer|Sanae||2}}<br/>ex-DD-6
| [[Uraga Dock Company]], Japan
| [[Uraga Dock Company]], Japan
| 5 April 1922
| 5 April 1922
| 15 February 1923
| 15 February 1923
| 5 November 1923
| 5 November 1923
| Torpedoed Celebes Sea [04.52N, 122.07E] 1943-11-13 by {{USS|Bluefish|SS-222|6}}; struck 5 January 1944
| Torpedoed by {{USS|Bluefish|SS-222|6}} in Celebes Sea {{coord|04.52|N|122.07|E|type:event_region:XP|name=IJN Sanae torpedoed by USS Bluefish, 13 November 1943}}, 13 November 1943; struck 5 January 1944
|-
|-
⚫
! scope="row" | {{ship|Japanese destroyer|Sawarabi||2}} ({{nowrap|ex-''No.8''}})
| 早蕨<br>(第八駆逐艦)
| {{lang|ja|早蕨}}
⚫
| {{ship|Japanese destroyer|Sawarabi||2}}<br/>ex-DD-8
| [[Uraga Dock Company]], Japan
| Uraga Dock Company, Japan
| 20 November 1922
| 20 November 1922
| 1 September 1923
| 1 September 1923
| 24 July 1924
| 24 July 1924
| Capsized 5 December 1932 in storm off Keelung, Taiwan [27.17N, 122.12E]; struck 1 April 1933
| Capsized in storm off Keelung, Taiwan {{coord|27.17|N|122.12|E|type:event_region:XP|name=IJN Sawarabi capsized in storm, 5 December 1932}}, 5 December 1932; struck 1 April 1933
|-
|-
⚫
! scope="row" | {{ship|Japanese destroyer|Asagao||2}} ({{nowrap|ex-''No.10''}})
| 朝顔<br>(第十駆逐艦)
| {{lang|ja|朝顔}}
⚫
| {{ship|Japanese destroyer|Asagao||2}}<br/>ex-DD-10
| [[IHI Corporation|Ishikawajima Shipyards]], Japan
| [[IHI Corporation|Ishikawajima Shipyards]], Japan
| 14 March 1922
| 14 March 1922
| 4 November 1922
| 4 November 1922
| 10 May 1923
| 10 May 1923
| Sunk 22 August 1945 by [[naval mine]] at [[Kanmon Straits]]; raised, BU 1948
| Sunk by [[naval mine]] at [[Kanmon Straits]], 22 August 1945; raised, {{abbr|BU|broken up}} 1948
|-
|-
⚫
! scope="row" | {{ship|Japanese destroyer|Yūgao||2}} ({{nowrap|ex-''No.12''}})
| 夕顔<br>(第十二駆逐艦)
| {{lang|ja|夕顔}}
⚫
| {{ship|Japanese destroyer|Yūgao||2}}<br/>ex-DD-12
| [[IHI Corporation|Ishikawajima Shipyards]], Japan
| Ishikawajima Shipyards, Japan
| 15 May 1922
| 15 May 1922
| 14 April 1923
| 14 April 1923
| 31 May 1924
| 31 May 1924
| Converted 1 February 1940 to {{nihongo|''Patrol Boat No. 46''|第四六号哨戒艇|Dai-46-Gō shōkaitei}}; sunk 10 November 1944 by {{USS|Greenling|SS-213|6}} at [[:ja:石廊崎|Irōzaki]]
| Converted to {{nihongo|''Patrol Boat No. 46''|第四六号哨戒艇|Dai-46-Gō shōkaitei}}, 1 February 1940; sunk by {{USS|Greenling|SS-213|6}} at [[:ja:石廊崎|Irōzaki]], 10 November 1944
|-
|-
⚫
! scope="row" | {{ship|Japanese destroyer|Fuyō||2}} ({{nowrap|ex-''No.16''}})
| 芙蓉<br>(第十六駆逐艦)
| {{lang|ja|芙蓉}}
⚫
| {{ship|Japanese destroyer|Fuyō||2}}<br/>ex-DD-16
| [[Fujinagata Shipyards]], Japan
| [[Fujinagata Shipyards]], Japan
| 16 February 1922
| 16 February 1922
| 23 September 1922
| 23 September 1922
| 16 March 1923
| 16 March 1923
| Torpedoed 20 December 1943 off Manila Bay [14.44N, 119.55E] by {{USS|Puffer|SS-268|6}}; struck 5 February 1944
| Torpedoed by {{USS|Puffer|SS-268|6}} off Manila Bay {{coord|14.44|N|119.55|E|type:event_region:XP|name=IJN Fuyō torpedoed by USS Puffer, 20 December 1943}}, 20 December 1943; struck 5 February 1944
|-
|-
⚫
! scope="row" | {{ship|Japanese destroyer|Karukaya||2}} ({{nowrap|ex-''No.18''}})
| 刈萱<br/>(第十八駆逐艦)
| {{lang|ja|刈萱}}
⚫
| {{ship|Japanese destroyer|Karukaya||2}}<br/>ex-DD-18
| [[Fujinagata Shipyards]], [[Japan]]
| [[Fujinagata Shipyards]], [[Japan]]
| 16 May 1922
| 16 May 1922
| 19 March 1923
| 19 March 1923
| 20 August 1923
| 20 August 1923
| Torpedoed 10 May 1944 west of Luzon [15.38N, 119.25E] by {{USS|Cod|SS-224|6}}; struck 10 July 1944
| Torpedoed by {{USS|Cod|SS-224|6}} west of Luzon {{coord|15.38|N|119.25|E|type:event_region:XP|name=IJN Karukaya torpedoed by USS Cod, 10 May 1944}}, 10 May 1944; struck 10 July 1944
⚫
|-
|}
|}

The five cancelled units were initially to be named ''Shian'' (from Kawasaki, Kobe)(later ''No.14''), ''Omodoka'' (also from Kawasaki, Kobe)(later ''No.20''), ''Nadeshiko'' (from Fujinagata Zosensho, Osaka)(later ''No.22''), ''Botan'' (from Uraga Dock Co, Tokyo)(later ''No.24'') and ''Basho'' (from Ishikawajima Zosensho, Tokyo)(later ''No.26'').


==Naming history==
==Naming history==
The IJN originally planned that the ''Wakatake''-class ships should have names, but upon completion they were given numbers due to the projected large number of warships the IJN expected to build through the [[Eight-eight fleet]] plan. This proved to be extremely unpopular with the crews and was a constant source of confusion in communications. In August 1928, names were assigned, but not the original names that were planned.
The IJN originally planned that the ''Wakatake''-class ships should have names, but upon completion they were given numbers due to the projected large number of warships the IJN expected to build through the [[Eight-eight fleet]] plan. This proved to be extremely unpopular with the crews and was a constant source of confusion in communications. In August 1928, names were assigned, but not the original names that were planned.


{|class="wikitable" width="60%"
{|class="wikitable plainrowheaders"
|+ Naming history of ''Wakatake''-class destroyers
⚫
|width="13%"|'''Plan name and transliteration'''
⚫
|-
⚫
|width="18%"|'''Original name as ordered'''
⚫
! scope="col" | Plan name and transliteration
⚫
|width="17%"|'''Renamed 24 April 1924'''
⚫
! scope="col" | Original name as ordered
⚫
|width="17%"|'''Renamed 1 August 1928'''
⚫
! scope="col" | Renamed 24 April 1924
⚫
! scope="col" | Renamed 1 August 1928
|-
|-
|{{nihongo|''Kikyō''|桔梗}}<br/>[[Chinese bellflower]]
! scope="row" | {{nihongo|''Kikyō''|桔梗}}<br/>[[Chinese bellflower]]
|{{nihongo|''Dai-2 Kuchikukan''<br/>|第二駆逐艦}},<br/>''2nd Destroyer''
|{{nihongo|''Dai-2 Kuchikukan''<br/>|第二駆逐艦}},<br/>''2nd Destroyer''
|{{nihongo|''Dai-2-Gō Kuchikukan''<br/>|第二号駆逐艦}},<br/>''No.2 Destroyer''
|{{nihongo|''Dai-2-Gō Kuchikukan''<br/>|第二号駆逐艦}},<br/>''No.2 Destroyer''
|{{nihongo|''Wakatake''|若竹}},<br/>Bamboo sprout
|{{nihongo|''Wakatake''|若竹}},<br/>Bamboo sprout
|-
|-
|{{nihongo|''Yuri''|百合}},<br/>[[Lilium]]
! scope="row" | {{nihongo|''Yuri''|百合}},<br/>[[Lilium]]
|{{nihongo|''Dai-4 Kuchikukan''<br/>|第四駆逐艦}},<br/>''4th Destroyer''
|{{nihongo|''Dai-4 Kuchikukan''<br/>|第四駆逐艦}},<br/>''4th Destroyer''
|{{nihongo|''Dai-4-Gō Kuchikukan''<br/>|第四号駆逐艦}},<br/>''No.4 Destroyer''
|{{nihongo|''Dai-4-Gō Kuchikukan''<br/>|第四号駆逐艦}},<br/>''No.4 Destroyer''
|{{nihongo|''[[Kuretake]]''|呉竹}},<br/>Black bamboo, ''Phyllostachys nigra''
|{{nihongo|''[[Kuretake]]''|呉竹}},<br/>Black bamboo, ''Phyllostachys nigra''
|-
|-
|{{nihongo|''Ayame''|菖蒲}}<br/>''[[Iris sanguinea]]''
! scope="row" | {{nihongo|''Ayame''|菖蒲}}<br/>''[[Iris sanguinea]]''
|{{nihongo|''Dai-6 Kuchikukan''<br/>|第六駆逐艦}},<br/>''6th Destroyer''
|{{nihongo|''Dai-6 Kuchikukan''<br/>|第六駆逐艦}},<br/>''6th Destroyer''
|{{nihongo|''Dai-6-Gō Kuchikukan''<br/>|第六号駆逐艦}},<br/>''No.6 Destroyer''
|{{nihongo|''Dai-6-Gō Kuchikukan''<br/>|第六号駆逐艦}},<br/>''No.6 Destroyer''
|{{nihongo|''Sanae''|早苗}},<br/>Rice sprouts on May
|{{nihongo|''Sanae''|早苗}},<br/>Rice sprouts on May
|-
|-
|{{nihongo|''Kaidō''|海棠}}<br/>[[:de:Halls Apfel|Malus halliana]]
! scope="row" | {{nihongo|''Kaidō''|海棠}}<br/>[[:de:Halls Apfel|Malus halliana]]
|{{nihongo|''Dai-8 Kuchikukan''<br/>|第八駆逐艦}},<br/>''8th Destroyer''
|{{nihongo|''Dai-8 Kuchikukan''<br/>|第八駆逐艦}},<br/>''8th Destroyer''
|{{nihongo|''Dai-8-Gō Kuchikukan''<br/>|第八号駆逐艦}},<br/>''No.8 Destroyer''
|{{nihongo|''Dai-8-Gō Kuchikukan''<br/>|第八号駆逐艦}},<br/>''No.8 Destroyer''
|{{nihongo|''Sawarabi''|早蕨}},<br/>[[Bracken]] on Spring
|{{nihongo|''Sawarabi''|早蕨}},<br/>[[Bracken]] on Spring
|-
|-
|{{nihongo|''Kakitsubata''|杜若}}<br/>''[[Iris laevigata]]''
! scope="row" | {{nihongo|''Kakitsubata''|杜若}}<br/>''[[Iris laevigata]]''
|{{nihongo|''Dai-10 Kuchikukan''<br/>|第十駆逐艦}},<br/>''10th Destroyer''
|{{nihongo|''Dai-10 Kuchikukan''<br/>|第十駆逐艦}},<br/>''10th Destroyer''
|{{nihongo|''Dai-10-Gō Kuchikukan''<br/>|第十号駆逐艦}},<br/>''No.10 Destroyer''
|{{nihongo|''Dai-10-Gō Kuchikukan''<br/>|第十号駆逐艦}},<br/>''No.10 Destroyer''
|{{nihongo|''Asagao''|朝顔}},<br/>[[Morning glory]]
|{{nihongo|''Asagao''|朝顔}},<br/>[[Morning glory]]
|-
|-
|{{nihongo|''Tsutsuji''|躑躅}}<br/>[[Azalea]]
! scope="row" | {{nihongo|''Tsutsuji''|躑躅}}<br/>[[Azalea]]
|{{nihongo|''Dai-12 Kuchikukan''<br/>|第十二駆逐艦}},<br/>''12th Destroyer''
|{{nihongo|''Dai-12 Kuchikukan''<br/>|第十二駆逐艦}},<br/>''12th Destroyer''
|{{nihongo|''Dai-12-Gō Kuchikukan''<br/>|第十二号駆逐艦}},<br/>''No.12 Destroyer''
|{{nihongo|''Dai-12-Gō Kuchikukan''<br/>|第十二号駆逐艦}},<br/>''No.12 Destroyer''
|{{nihongo|''Yūgao''|夕顔}},<br/>[[Ipomoea alba]]
|{{nihongo|''Yūgao''|夕顔}},<br/>[[Ipomoea alba]]
|-
|-
|{{nihongo|''Shion''|紫苑}},<br/>[[Aster tataricus]]
! scope="row" | {{nihongo|''Shion''|紫苑}},<br/>[[Aster tataricus]]
|{{nihongo|''Dai-14 Kuchikukan''<br/>|第十四駆逐艦}},<br/>''14th Destroyer''
|{{nihongo|''Dai-14 Kuchikukan''<br/>|第十四駆逐艦}},<br/>''14th Destroyer''
|
| {{n/a}}
|
| {{n/a}}
|-
|-
|{{nihongo|''Ajisai''|紫陽}}<br/>[[Hydrangea]]
! scope="row" | {{nihongo|''Ajisai''|紫陽}}<br/>[[Hydrangea]]
|{{nihongo|''Dai-16 Kuchikukan''<br/>|第十六駆逐艦}},<br/>''16th Destroyer''
|{{nihongo|''Dai-16 Kuchikukan''<br/>|第十六駆逐艦}},<br/>''16th Destroyer''
|{{nihongo|''Dai-16-Gō Kuchikukan''<br/>|第十六号駆逐艦}},<br/>''No.16 Destroyer''
|{{nihongo|''Dai-16-Gō Kuchikukan''<br/>|第十六号駆逐艦}},<br/>''No.16 Destroyer''
|{{nihongo|''Fuyō''|芙蓉}},<br/>[[Hibiscus mutabilis]]
|{{nihongo|''Fuyō''|芙蓉}},<br/>[[Hibiscus mutabilis]]
|-
|-
|{{nihongo|''Karukaya''|刈萱}}<br/>One of the [[Poaceae]]
! scope="row" | {{nihongo|''Karukaya''|刈萱}}<br/>One of the [[Poaceae]]
|{{nihongo|''Dai-18 Kuchikukan''<br/>|第十八駆逐艦}},<br/>''18th Destroyer''
|{{nihongo|''Dai-18 Kuchikukan''<br/>|第十八駆逐艦}},<br/>''18th Destroyer''
|{{nihongo|''Dai-18-Gō Kuchikukan''<br/>|第十八号駆逐艦}},<br/>''No.18 Destroyer''
|{{nihongo|''Dai-18-Gō Kuchikukan''<br/>|第十八号駆逐艦}},<br/>''No.18 Destroyer''
|{{nihongo|''Karukaya''|刈萱}},<br/>One of the [[Poaceae]]
|{{nihongo|''Karukaya''|刈萱}},<br/>One of several [[Andropogoneae]] grasses used for [[thatching]]
|-
|-
|{{nihongo|''Omodaka''|沢瀉}},<br/>[[Alismataceae]]
! scope="row" | {{nihongo|''Omodaka''|沢瀉}},<br/>[[Alismataceae]]
|{{nihongo|''Dai-20 Kuchikukan''<br/>|第二十駆逐艦}},<br/>''20th Destroyer''
|{{nihongo|''Dai-20 Kuchikukan''<br/>|第二十駆逐艦}},<br/>''20th Destroyer''
| {{n/a}}
|
| {{n/a}}
|
|-
|-
|{{nihongo|''Botan''|牡丹}},<br/>[[Peony]]
! scope="row" | {{nihongo|''Botan''|牡丹}},<br/>[[Peony]]
|{{nihongo|''Dai-22 Kuchikukan''<br/>|第二十二駆逐艦}},<br/>''22nd Destroyer''
|{{nihongo|''Dai-22 Kuchikukan''<br/>|第二十二駆逐艦}},<br/>''22nd Destroyer''
| {{n/a}}
|
| {{n/a}}
|
|-
|-
|{{nihongo|''Bashō''|芭蕉}},<br/>[[Musa basjoo]]
! scope="row" | {{nihongo|''Bashō''|芭蕉}},<br/>[[Musa basjoo]]
|{{nihongo|''Dai-24 Kuchikukan''<br/>|第二十四駆逐艦}},<br/>''24th Destroyer''
|{{nihongo|''Dai-24 Kuchikukan''<br/>|第二十四駆逐艦}},<br/>''24th Destroyer''
|
| {{n/a}}
|
| {{n/a}}
|-
|-
|{{nihongo|''Nadeshiko''|撫子}},<br/>[[Dianthus]]
! scope="row" | {{nihongo|''Nadeshiko''|撫子}},<br/>[[Dianthus]]
|{{nihongo|''Dai-26 Kuchikukan''<br/>|第二十六駆逐艦}},<br/>''26th Destroyer''
|{{nihongo|''Dai-26 Kuchikukan''<br/>|第二十六駆逐艦}},<br/>''26th Destroyer''
| {{n/a}}
|
| {{n/a}}
|
|-
|}
|}


Line 268: Line 266:
| isbn = 0-87021-893-X
| isbn = 0-87021-893-X
}}
}}
* Watts, A. J. ''Japanese Warships of World War II'', Ian Allen, London, 1967.
* {{cite book |last1=Watts |first1=A.J. |title=Japanese warships of World War II |date=1966 |publisher=Ian Allan |isbn=0711002150}}
''Collection of writings by Sizuo Fukui Vol.5, Stories of Japanese Destroyers'', Kōjinsha (Japan) 1993, {{ISBN|4-7698-0611-6}}
''Collection of writings by Sizuo Fukui Vol.5, Stories of Japanese Destroyers'', Kōjinsha (Japan) 1993, {{ISBN|4-7698-0611-6}}
*''Model Art Ship Modelling Special No.17, Genealogy of Japanese Destroyers Part-1'', Model Art Co. Ltd. (Japan), September 2005, Book code 08734-9
*''Model Art Ship Modelling Special No.17, Genealogy of Japanese Destroyers Part-1'', Model Art Co. Ltd. (Japan), September 2005, Book code 08734-9
Line 279: Line 277:
| last = Nishida
| last = Nishida
| first = Hiroshi
| first = Hiroshi
| url = http://homepage2.nifty.com/nishidah/e/stc0419.htm
| url = http://admiral31.world.coocan.jp/e/stc0420.htm
| title = Materials of IJN: Minekaze class destroyer
| title = Materials of IJN: Wakatake class destroyer
| work = Imperial Japanese Navy
| work = Imperial Japanese Navy
}}
}}
*{{cite web
*{{cite web
| last = Globalsecurity.org
| last = Globalsecurity.org
| first =
| url = http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/japan/wakatake-dd.htm
| url = http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/japan/wakatake-dd.htm
| title = IJN Wakatake class destroyers
| title = IJN Wakatake class destroyers
| work =
}}
}}
*{{cite web
*{{cite web
Line 297: Line 293:
| work = Combined Fleet.com
| work = Combined Fleet.com
}}
}}
* https://www.webcitation.org/query?url=http://www.geocities.com/bullhead262/ijn/dd/dd.htm&date=2009-10-25+16:42:57


<!-- non-breaking space to keep AWB drones from altering the space before the navbox-->
<!-- non-breaking space to keep AWB drones from altering the space before the navbox-->

{{Wakatake class destroyers}}
{{Wakatake class destroyers}}
{{WWII Japanese Ships}}
{{WWII Japanese ships}}


[[Category:Destroyer classes]]
[[Category:Destroyer classes]]

Latest revision as of 14:30, 14 May 2024

The Wakatake-class destroyer Kuretake
Class overview
NameWakatake class
Builders
Operators Imperial Japanese Navy
Preceded byMinekaze class
Succeeded byKamikaze class
In commission1920–1945
Planned13
Completed8
Cancelled5
Lost7
Retired1
General characteristics
TypDestroyer
Displacement
  • 900 long tons (914 t) normal,
  • 1,100 long tons (1,118 t) full load
Length
  • 83.8 m (275 ft) pp,
  • 85.3 m (280 ft) overall
Beam7.9 m (26 ft)
Draught2.5 m (8.2 ft)
Propulsion2-shaft Mitsubishi-Parsons geared steam turbine, 3 heavy oil-fired boilers 21,500 ihp (16,000 kW)
Speed36 knots (67 km/h)
Range3,000 nmi (5,600 km) at 15 kn (28 km/h; 17 mph)
Complement110
Armament

The Wakatake-class destroyers (若竹型駆逐艦, Wakatakegata kuchikukan) were a class of eight second-class destroyers of the Imperial Japanese Navy.[1]

Background

[edit]

The medium-sized Wakatake-class destroyers were a follow-on to the Momi class as part of the Imperial Japanese Navy's 8-6 Fleet Program from fiscal 1921 as a lower cost accompaniment to the larger Minekaze-class destroyers. The class was originally planned to consist of thirteen vessels, but due to the Washington Naval Treaty, as well as budgetary limitations, the orders for the last four were cancelled in 1922, with the final number being reduced to eight when No.14 was also cancelled. The Wakatake class was the last class to be rated "second class" and all future destroyers were designed larger.[2] It was planned that the Wakatake-class ships should have names, but upon completion they were given numbers. This proved to be extremely unpopular with the crews and was a constant source of confusion in communications, so in 1928, names were assigned.[3]

Design

[edit]

The Wakatake-class destroyers were essentially slightly modified Momi-class ships with 50 tons additional displacement and a deeper draft to improve handling characteristics in heavy seas, particularly against rolling. Weaponry layout (with the exception of added AA armaments), general arrangement and silhouette were all identical with the Momi class.

As with the Momi class, a number of types of steam turbines were used for propulsion. Asagao was built with Parsons impulse turbines, Yūgao with Escher Wyss & Cie Zoelly turbines, and the remaining vessels with Brown-Curtis turbines.

The armament for the Wakatake-class was identical to that of the Momi class. The main battery consisted of three Type 3 120 mm 45 caliber naval guns in single mounts, with two twin Type 6 torpedo launchers. Anti-aircraft protection was provided by two 7.7mm machine guns. After the start of the Pacific War, one of the Type 3 guns was replaced by two triple-mount Type 96 25-mm cannons, although some vessels had three twin-mounts and two single-mounts instead. The minesweeping gear was replaced by 36 to 48 depth charges with four launchers. Some of the vessels also were fitted with a Type 13 radar.[4]

Operational history

[edit]

The small displacement of the Wakatake-class limited their utility as fleet escorts, and as with the Momi-class, they were mainly used in Chinese coastal waters, where their shallow draft made them suitable for operations in rivers and coastal waters.[4]

On 15 September 1932, Sawarabi capsized due to poor stability and sank north of Keelung near Taiwan. In April 1940 Yūgao was re-rated as Patrol Boat No. 46, with considerably reduced armament and the removal of one boiler, which reduced her speed to only 18 knots.[4]

Of the remaining six units, three (Wakatake, Kuretake, and Sanae) were assigned to Destroyer Division 13 under the Kure Naval District, and patrolled the Seto Inland Sea and the Bungo Strait on antisubmarine patrols. The other three (Asagao, Fuyō and Karukaya) were assigned to Destroyer Division 32 under the Chinkai Guard District, which was assigned to patrol the Tsushima Strait screening maritime traffic in the Tsushima Straits. From 10 April 1942, the 1st Surface Escort Division of the Southwest Area Fleet was created, and Desdivs 13 and 32 were assigned to it to provide protection for convoys against Allied submarine activity. The convoy routes were initially those between Moji, Taiwan, and the Philippines. Later, these routes extended to Singapore, French Indochina, the Netherlands East Indies, and Palau. In the course of this service, Karukaya set a record by successfully completing 54 convoy escorts before her loss. Of the six destroyers, four were lost to American submarines, and one to an air attack. Only Asagao survived the war and was finally broken up in 1948.[5]

List of Ships

[edit]
Construction data
Name Kanji Builder Laid down Launched Completed Fate
Wakatake (ex-No.2) 若竹 Kawasaki Shipyards, Japan 13 December 1921 24 July 1922 30 September 1922 Sunk in air attack off Palau during Operation Desecrate One 7°30′N 134°12′E / 07.50°N 134.20°E / 07.50; 134.20 (IJN Wakatake sunk by air attack, 30 March 1944), 30 March 1944; struck 10 May 1944
Kuretake (ex-No.4) 呉竹 Maizuru Naval Arsenal, Japan 15 March 1922 21 October 1922 21 December 1922 Sunk by USS Razorback at Bashi Channel 21°00′N 121°14′E / 21°N 121.24°E / 21; 121.24 (IJN Kuretake sunk by USS Razorback, 30 December 1944), 30 December 1944; struck 10 February 1945
Sanae (ex-No.6) 早苗 Uraga Dock Company, Japan 5 April 1922 15 February 1923 5 November 1923 Torpedoed by USS Bluefish in Celebes Sea 4°31′N 122°04′E / 04.52°N 122.07°E / 04.52; 122.07 (IJN Sanae torpedoed by USS Bluefish, 13 November 1943), 13 November 1943; struck 5 January 1944
Sawarabi (ex-No.8) 早蕨 Uraga Dock Company, Japan 20 November 1922 1 September 1923 24 July 1924 Capsized in storm off Keelung, Taiwan 27°10′N 122°07′E / 27.17°N 122.12°E / 27.17; 122.12 (IJN Sawarabi capsized in storm, 5 December 1932), 5 December 1932; struck 1 April 1933
Asagao (ex-No.10) 朝顔 Ishikawajima Shipyards, Japan 14 March 1922 4 November 1922 10 May 1923 Sunk by naval mine at Kanmon Straits, 22 August 1945; raised, BU 1948
Yūgao (ex-No.12) 夕顔 Ishikawajima Shipyards, Japan 15 May 1922 14 April 1923 31 May 1924 Converted to Patrol Boat No. 46 (第四六号哨戒艇, Dai-46-Gō shōkaitei), 1 February 1940; sunk by USS Greenling at Irōzaki, 10 November 1944
Fuyō (ex-No.16) 芙蓉 Fujinagata Shipyards, Japan 16 February 1922 23 September 1922 16 March 1923 Torpedoed by USS Puffer off Manila Bay 14°26′N 119°33′E / 14.44°N 119.55°E / 14.44; 119.55 (IJN Fuyō torpedoed by USS Puffer, 20 December 1943), 20 December 1943; struck 5 February 1944
Karukaya (ex-No.18) 刈萱 Fujinagata Shipyards, Japan 16 May 1922 19 March 1923 20 August 1923 Torpedoed by USS Cod west of Luzon 15°23′N 119°15′E / 15.38°N 119.25°E / 15.38; 119.25 (IJN Karukaya torpedoed by USS Cod, 10 May 1944), 10 May 1944; struck 10 July 1944

The five cancelled units were initially to be named Shian (from Kawasaki, Kobe)(later No.14), Omodoka (also from Kawasaki, Kobe)(later No.20), Nadeshiko (from Fujinagata Zosensho, Osaka)(later No.22), Botan (from Uraga Dock Co, Tokyo)(later No.24) and Basho (from Ishikawajima Zosensho, Tokyo)(later No.26).

Naming history

[edit]

The IJN originally planned that the Wakatake-class ships should have names, but upon completion they were given numbers due to the projected large number of warships the IJN expected to build through the Eight-eight fleet plan. This proved to be extremely unpopular with the crews and was a constant source of confusion in communications. In August 1928, names were assigned, but not the original names that were planned.

Naming history of Wakatake-class destroyers
Plan name and transliteration Original name as ordered Renamed 24 April 1924 Renamed 1 August 1928
Kikyō (桔梗)
Chinese bellflower 		Dai-2 Kuchikukan
(第二駆逐艦),
2nd Destroyer 		Dai-2-Gō Kuchikukan
(第二号駆逐艦),
No.2 Destroyer 		Wakatake (若竹),
Bamboo sprout
Yuri (百合),
Lilium 		Dai-4 Kuchikukan
(第四駆逐艦),
4th Destroyer 		Dai-4-Gō Kuchikukan
(第四号駆逐艦),
No.4 Destroyer 		Kuretake (呉竹),
Black bamboo, Phyllostachys nigra
Ayame (菖蒲)
Iris sanguinea 		Dai-6 Kuchikukan
(第六駆逐艦),
6th Destroyer 		Dai-6-Gō Kuchikukan
(第六号駆逐艦),
No.6 Destroyer 		Sanae (早苗),
Rice sprouts on May
Kaidō (海棠)
Malus halliana 		Dai-8 Kuchikukan
(第八駆逐艦),
8th Destroyer 		Dai-8-Gō Kuchikukan
(第八号駆逐艦),
No.8 Destroyer 		Sawarabi (早蕨),
Bracken on Spring
Kakitsubata (杜若)
Iris laevigata 		Dai-10 Kuchikukan
(第十駆逐艦),
10th Destroyer 		Dai-10-Gō Kuchikukan
(第十号駆逐艦),
No.10 Destroyer 		Asagao (朝顔),
Morning glory
Tsutsuji (躑躅)
Azalea 		Dai-12 Kuchikukan
(第十二駆逐艦),
12th Destroyer 		Dai-12-Gō Kuchikukan
(第十二号駆逐艦),
No.12 Destroyer 		Yūgao (夕顔),
Ipomoea alba
Shion (紫苑),
Aster tataricus 		Dai-14 Kuchikukan
(第十四駆逐艦),
14th Destroyer 		— —
Ajisai (紫陽)
Hydrangea 		Dai-16 Kuchikukan
(第十六駆逐艦),
16th Destroyer 		Dai-16-Gō Kuchikukan
(第十六号駆逐艦),
No.16 Destroyer 		Fuyō (芙蓉),
Hibiscus mutabilis
Karukaya (刈萱)
One of the Poaceae 		Dai-18 Kuchikukan
(第十八駆逐艦),
18th Destroyer 		Dai-18-Gō Kuchikukan
(第十八号駆逐艦),
No.18 Destroyer 		Karukaya (刈萱),
One of several Andropogoneae grasses used for thatching
Omodaka (沢瀉),
Alismataceae 		Dai-20 Kuchikukan
(第二十駆逐艦),
20th Destroyer 		— —
Botan (牡丹),
Peony 		Dai-22 Kuchikukan
(第二十二駆逐艦),
22nd Destroyer 		— —
Bashō (芭蕉),
Musa basjoo 		Dai-24 Kuchikukan
(第二十四駆逐艦),
24th Destroyer 		— —
Nadeshiko (撫子),
Dianthus 		Dai-26 Kuchikukan
(第二十六駆逐艦),
26th Destroyer 		— —

References

[edit]

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^ Jentsura, Warships of the Imperial Japanese Navy, 1869-1945
  2. ^ Globalsecurity.org, IJN Wakatake class destroyers
  3. ^ Howarth, The Fighting Ships of the Rising Sun
  4. ^ a b c Stille, Mark (2017). Imperial Japanese Navy Antisubmarine Escorts 1941–45. Oxford, UK: Osprey Publishing. pp. 14–17. ISBN 978-1-4728-1817-1.
  5. ^ Nevitt, Combined Fleet.com

Books

[edit]
  • Evans, David (1979). Kaigun: Strategy, Tactics, and Technology in the Imperial Japanese Navy, 1887–1941. US Naval Institute Press. ISBN 0-87021-192-7.
  • Howarth, Stephen (1983). The Fighting Ships of the Rising Sun: The Drama of the Imperial Japanese Navy, 1895–1945. Atheneum. ISBN 0-689-11402-8.
  • Jentsura, Hansgeorg (1976). Warships of the Imperial Japanese Navy, 1869–1945. US Naval Institute Press. ISBN 0-87021-893-X.
  • Watts, A.J. (1966). Japanese warships of World War II. Ian Allan. ISBN 0711002150.

Collection of writings by Sizuo Fukui Vol.5, Stories of Japanese Destroyers, Kōjinsha (Japan) 1993, ISBN 4-7698-0611-6

  • Model Art Ship Modelling Special No.17, Genealogy of Japanese Destroyers Part-1, Model Art Co. Ltd. (Japan), September 2005, Book code 08734-9
  • Model Art Extra No.340, Drawings of Imperial Japanese Naval Vessels Part-1, Model Art Co. Ltd. (Japan), October 1989, Book code 08734-10
  • Daiji Katagiri, Ship Name Chronicles of the Imperial Japanese Navy Combined Fleet, Kōjinsha (Japan), June 1988, ISBN 4-7698-0386-9
[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Wakatake class destroyers.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wakatake-class_destroyer&oldid=1223811928"