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Coordinates: 23°49′12.70″S 151°14′33.08″E / 23.8201944°S 151.2425222°E / -23.8201944; 151.2425222
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{{Use Australian English|date=June 2020}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2018}}
{{Infobox port
{{Infobox port
| name = Port of Gladstone
| name = Port of Gladstone
| image = Cargo Ships in Gladstone Harbour 2010.jpg
| image =
| imagesize =
| image_size =
| image_caption =Cargo ships in Gladstone Harbour, 2010
| caption =
| country = Australia
| country = Australia
| location = [[Gladstone, Queensland|Gladstone]]
| location = [[Gladstone, Queensland|Gladstone]]
| pushpin_map= yes
| coordinates =
| pushpin_map_geomask= yes
| opened = 1914
| pushpin_map_zoom= 5
⚫
| coordinates= {{coord|23|49|12.70|S|151|14|33.08|E|type:landmark_region:AU|display=inline,title}}
| locode = AUGLT<ref name="Locode-1">{{cite web |title=UNLOCODE (AU) - AUSTRALIA |url=https://www.unece.org/fileadmin/DAM/cefact/locode/au.htm |website=www.unece.org |publisher=[[UNECE]] |accessdate=8 October 2020 |archive-date=10 January 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200110230700/http://www.unece.org/fileadmin/DAM/cefact/locode/au.htm |url-status=live }}</ref>
| berths = 24<ref name="fap-1">{{cite web |title=Port of Gladstone, Australia |url=https://www.findaport.com/port-of-gladstone#berthing |website=www.findaport.com |publisher=Shipping Guides Ltd |accessdate=8 October 2020}}</ref>
| draft_depth = 18.8 m.<ref name="fap-1"/>| opened = 1914
| operated =
| operated =
| owner = Gladstone Ports Corporation
| owner = Gladstone Ports Corporation
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| sizeland =
| sizeland =
| size =
| size =
| berths =
| wharfs =
| wharfs =
| piers =
| piers =
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| blankdetails3 =
| blankdetails3 =
| arrivals =
| arrivals =
| cargotonnage = 76,400,000 tonnes (2010-11)
| cargotonnage = 76,400,000 tonnes (2010–11)
| containervolume =
| containervolume =
| cargovalue =
| cargovalue =
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| blankstatstitle3 =
| blankstatstitle3 =
| blankstats3 =
| blankstats3 =
| website =
| website = {{url|http://www.gpcl.com.au}}
}}
}}


The '''Port of Gladstone''' is [[Queensland]]'s largest multi-commodity port and the fifth largest multi-commodity port in Australia. It is the world's fourth largest coal exporting terminal.<ref name="mccb">{{Cite news |url=http://www.gladstoneobserver.com.au/story/2010/12/03/carrier-causing-a-buzz-gladstone-port-army-tanks/ |title=Mystery carrier causing a buzz |accessdate=5 December 2010 |date=3 December 2010 |newspaper=[[Gladstone Observer]] |publisher=APN News & Media }}</ref> It forms an integral part of the City of [[Gladstone, Queensland|Gladstone]] in [[Central Queensland]] and is located about 525&nbsp;km north of [[Brisbane]] at Latitude of 23°49.61’S, Longitude 151°34.6’E. It is owned and managed by the Gladstone Ports Corporation, which is a statutory corporate body of the [[Government of Queensland]].
The '''Port of Gladstone''' is [[Queensland]]'s largest multi-commodity port and the fifth largest multi-commodity port in Australia. It is the world's fourth largest coal exporting terminal.<ref name="mccb">{{Cite news |url=http://www.gladstoneobserver.com.au/story/2010/12/03/carrier-causing-a-buzz-gladstone-port-army-tanks/ |title=Mystery carrier causing a buzz |accessdate=5 December 2010 |date=3 December 2010 |newspaper=[[Gladstone Observer]] |publisher=APN News & Media |archive-date=4 December 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101204171347/http://www.gladstoneobserver.com.au/story/2010/12/03/carrier-causing-a-buzz-gladstone-port-army-tanks/ |url-status=live }}</ref> It is within the [[Suburbs and localities (Australia)|locality]] of [[Callemondah]] in [[Gladstone, Queensland|Gladstone]] in [[Central Queensland]] and is located about {{convert|525|km|mi}} north of [[Brisbane]] at Latitude of 23°49.61'S, Longitude 151°34.6’E. It is owned and managed by ''Gladstone Ports Corporation'',<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.gpcl.com.au/ |title=Home |website=gpcl.com.au |access-date=5 December 2010 |archive-date=16 April 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090416011953/http://www.gpcl.com.au/ |url-status=live }}</ref> which is a statutory corporate body of the [[Government of Queensland]].


Major exports include coal, alumina, aluminium, cement products and liquid ammonia. Coal makes up 70% of the total exports from the port.<ref name="gpcts">{{cite web |url=http://www.gpcl.com.au/trade_statistics.html |title=Gladstone Ports Corporation: Trade Statistics |publisher=Port of Gladstone |accessdate=5 December 2010}}</ref> Each year 50 million tonnes of coal passes through the port. Major imports include bauxite and petroleum products as well as general cargo in containers.
Major exports include coal, alumina, aluminium, cement products and liquid ammonia. Coal makes up 70% of the total exports from the port.<ref name="gpcts">{{cite web|url=http://www.gpcl.com.au/trade_statistics.html |title=Gladstone Ports Corporation: Trade Statistics |publisher=Port of Gladstone |accessdate=5 December 2010 |url-status = dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20091201033055/http://www.gpcl.com.au/trade_statistics.html |archivedate=1 December 2009 }}</ref> Each year 50 million tonnes of coal passes through the port. Major imports include bauxite and petroleum products as well as general cargo in containers.


In 2008, the Queensland Government announced A$20.9 million worth of funding for the port which included A$4.3 million for [[dust suppression]] measures.<ref name="gpmc">{{Cite news |url=http://www.gladstoneobserver.com.au/story/2008/06/04/apn-government-pledges-millions-to-combat-coal/ |title=Government pledges millions to combat coal dust in our port |accessdate=5 December 2010 |date=4 June 2008 |newspaper=[[Gladstone Observer]] |publisher=APN News & Media }}</ref>
In 2008, the Queensland Government announced A$20.9&nbsp;million worth of funding for the port which included A$4.3&nbsp;million for [[dust suppression]] measures.<ref name="gpmc">{{Cite news |url=http://www.gladstoneobserver.com.au/story/2008/06/04/apn-government-pledges-millions-to-combat-coal/ |title=Government pledges millions to combat coal dust in our port |accessdate=5 December 2010 |date=4 June 2008 |newspaper=[[Gladstone Observer]] |publisher=APN News & Media }}</ref>


In late 2010 and early 2011 the port was closed in the aftermath of the [[2010–2011 Queensland floods]]. The closure of the [[Blackwater railway system]] halted deliveries of coal from the [[Bowen Basin]].<ref name="gptr">{{Cite news |url=http://www.theaustralian.com.au/in-depth/queensland-floods/gladstone-port-to-resume-coal-exports-on-saturday/story-fn7iwx3v-1225987859057 |title=Gladstone port to resume coal exports on Saturday |author=David Fickling |accessdate=31 May 2012 |date=14 January 2011 |newspaper=The Australian |publisher=News Limited }}</ref>
In late 2010 and early 2011 the port was closed in the aftermath of the [[2010–2011 Queensland floods]]. The closure of the [[Blackwater railway system]] halted deliveries of coal from the [[Bowen Basin]].<ref name="gptr">{{Cite news |url=http://www.theaustralian.com.au/in-depth/queensland-floods/gladstone-port-to-resume-coal-exports-on-saturday/story-fn7iwx3v-1225987859057 |title=Gladstone port to resume coal exports on Saturday |author=David Fickling |accessdate=31 May 2012 |date=14 January 2011 |newspaper=The Australian }}</ref>


==Facilities==
==Facilities==
[[File:Coal mound in Gladstone Harbour, November 1974.jpg|left|thumb|Coal pile at the Port of Gladstone, November 1974]]
The port consists of a number of wharves and terminal facilities. Auckland Point was where coal exporting began in 1925 and later live horse exports occurred in the mid 1930s.<ref name="gpch">{{cite web |url=http://www.gpcl.com.au/AboutGPC/HistoryofGPC.aspx |title=History of Gladstone Ports Corporation |publisher=Port of Gladstone |accessdate=5 December 2010}}</ref> Barney Point was used to export coal from [[Moura, Queensland|Moura]]. The facilities here were incorporated into the Port of Gladstone in November 1998.<ref name="gpch"/>
The port consists of a number of wharves and terminal facilities. Auckland Point was where coal exporting began in 1925 and later live horse exports occurred in the mid-1930s.<ref name="gpch">{{cite web |url=http://www.gpcl.com.au/AboutGPC/HistoryofGPC.aspx |title=History of Gladstone Ports Corporation |publisher=Port of Gladstone |accessdate=5 December 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111020165825/http://www.gpcl.com.au/AboutGPC/HistoryofGPC.aspx |archive-date=20 October 2011 |url-status=dead }}</ref> [[Barney Point, Queensland|Barney Point]] was used to export coal from [[Moura, Queensland|Moura]]. The facilities here were incorporated into the Port of Gladstone in November 1998.<ref name="gpch"/>


The first [[berth (moorings)|berth]] at Fisherman’s Landing was completed in 1980. A second berth was built in the 1990s and this area is earmarked for future expansion.<ref name="gpch"/> Boyne Wharf is used by the [[Boyne Island aluminium smelter]] and was opened in August 1982.<ref name="gpch"/> Two berths at South Trees have been used by [[Queensland Alumina Limited]].<ref name="gpch"/> RG Tanna Coal Terminal was opened in 1997 and is used to export [[coking coal]] to Japanese [[steel mill]]s.<ref name="gpch"/>
The first [[berth (moorings)|berth]] at Fisherman's Landing was completed in 1980. A second berth was built in the 1990s and this area is earmarked for future expansion.<ref name="gpch"/> Boyne Wharf is used by the [[Boyne Island aluminium smelter]] and was opened in August 1982.<ref name="gpch"/> Two berths at South Trees have been used by [[Queensland Alumina Limited]].<ref name="gpch"/>

RG Tanna Coal Terminal, currently the largest by volume was opened in 1997 and is used primarily for the export of [[coking coal]] and other [[metallurgical coal]] to Japanese, Korean, Indian and Chinese [[steel mill]]s.<ref name="gpch" /> RG Tanna Coal Terminal receives coal from 17 mines within the southern Bowen Basin via two rail supply chains (Blackwater and Moura). The terminal consists of three bottom dump rail receival stations, 22 stockpiles, 4 berths and 3 shiploaders.{{citation needed|date=May 2024}}

All shipping to and from the port is through [[Gladstone Harbour]] which has two channels to the [[Coral Sea]]; the northerly one is between [[Curtis Island (Queensland)|Curtis Island]] and [[Facing Island]] and the southerly one is between Facing Island and [[Boyne Island (Queensland)|Boyne Island]].<ref name="globe">{{Queensland Globe|accessdate=27 March 2019}}</ref>


==Expansion==
==Expansion==
The western part of the harbour basin is currently being expanded, primarily to allow increased exports of [[liquified natural gas]] (LNG). Expansion plans in the port include the development of LNG exports, expansion of existing coal terminals and alumina refinery as well as a possible nickel refinery. [[Santos (company)|Santos]] is building a LNG plant on [[Curtis Island National Park|Curtis Island]]. Exports from the Santos plant are expected to begin in 2015.<ref name="asb">{{Cite news |url=http://www.platts.com/RSSFeedDetailedNews/RSSFeed/NaturalGas/8932370 |title=Australia's Santos begins construction of Curtis Island GLNG plant |author= |accessdate=31 May 2012 |date=27 May 2011 |work=Platts |publisher=The McGraw-Hill Companies }}</ref>
The western part of the harbour basin is currently being expanded, primarily to allow increased exports of [[liquified natural gas]] (LNG). Expansion plans in the port include the development of LNG exports, expansion of existing coal terminals and alumina refinery as well as a possible nickel refinery. [[Santos Limited|Santos]] has a LNG plant on [[Curtis Island, Queensland|Curtis Island]]. Exports from the Santos plant are expected to begin in 2015.<ref name="asb">{{Cite news |url=http://www.platts.com/RSSFeedDetailedNews/RSSFeed/NaturalGas/8932370 |title=Australia's Santos begins construction of Curtis Island GLNG plant |accessdate=31 May 2012 |date=27 May 2011 |work=Platts |publisher=The McGraw-Hill Companies }}</ref>{{update-inline|date=February 2024}}

⚫
At least 25&nbsp;million cubic metres of sediment is expected to be dredged.<ref name="wgf">{{Cite news |url=http://www.couriermail.com.au/news/queensland/warning-gladstone-fish-off-the-menu-and-central-qld-coast-closed-to-fishing/story-e6freoof-1226139089099 |title=Warning: Gladstone fish off the menu and central Qld coast closed to fishing |author=Brian Williams |accessdate=31 May 2012 |date=17 September 2011 |newspaper=The Courier Mail |publisher=News Queensland |archive-date=10 June 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120610012036/http://www.couriermail.com.au/news/queensland/warning-gladstone-fish-off-the-menu-and-central-qld-coast-closed-to-fishing/story-e6freoof-1226139089099 |url-status=live }}</ref> Dredging began in June 2011 and is expected to be completed in 2014.<ref name="jvo">{{Cite news |url=http://www.dredgingtoday.com/2011/08/10/jv-van-oord-dredging-international-australia-acquire-contract-for-gladstone-western-basin-dredging/ |title=JV Van Oord, Dredging International Australia Acquire Contract for Gladstone Western Basin Dredging |accessdate=31 May 2012 |date=10 August 2011 |work=Dredging Today }}</ref> The Port of Gladstone has permission to dredge 32 million tonnes.<ref name="cmw">{{Cite news |url=http://www.brisbanetimes.com.au/queensland/changes-muddy-waters-around-dredging-20120503-1y1lr.html |title=Changes muddy waters around dredging |author=Tony Moore |accessdate=31 May 2012 |date=4 May 2012 |work=Brisbane Times }}</ref> Two water quality monitoring sites in the basin have repeatedly recorded levels of turbidity above acceptable levels.<ref name="cmw"/> High turbidity levels pose a threat to [[seagrass]] beds in the area.{{citation needed|date=May 2024}}


⚫
In August 2011, a Fisheries Queensland spokesman said they received reports of fish with milky eyes.<ref name="wgf"/> A spokesman from the Gladstone Fish Markets claimed that diseased fish were still being caught in large numbers in November 2011.<ref name="gdp">{{Cite news |url=http://www.abc.net.au/news/2011-11-08/qld-government-defends-probe-into-gladstones-sick-fish/3651746 |title=Government defends probe into Gladstone's sick fish |author=Andree Withey, Francis Tapim and Paul Robinson |accessdate=31 May 2012 |date=8 November 2011 |publisher=ABC News |archive-date=22 May 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120522032538/http://www.abc.net.au/news/2011-11-08/qld-government-defends-probe-into-gladstones-sick-fish/3651746 |url-status=live }}</ref>
⚫
At least 25&nbsp;million cubic metres of sediment is expected to be dredged.<ref name="wgf">{{Cite news |url=http://www.couriermail.com.au/news/queensland/warning-gladstone-fish-off-the-menu-and-central-qld-coast-closed-to-fishing/story-e6freoof-1226139089099 |title=Warning: Gladstone fish off the menu and central Qld coast closed to fishing |author=Brian Williams |accessdate=31 May 2012 |date=17 September 2011 |newspaper=The Courier Mail |publisher=News Queensland }}</ref> Dredging began in June 2011 and is expected to be completed in 2014.<ref name="jvo">{{Cite news |url=http://www.dredgingtoday.com/2011/08/10/jv-van-oord-dredging-international-australia-acquire-contract-for-gladstone-western-basin-dredging/ |title=JV Van Oord, Dredging International Australia Acquire Contract for Gladstone Western Basin Dredging |accessdate=31 May 2012 |date=10 August 2011 |work=Dredging Today }}</ref> The Port of Gladstone has permission to dredge 32 million tonnes.<ref name="cmw">{{Cite news |url=http://www.brisbanetimes.com.au/queensland/changes-muddy-waters-around-dredging-20120503-1y1lr.html |title=Changes muddy waters around dredging |author=Tony Moore |accessdate=31 May 2012 |date=4 May 2012 |work=Brisbane Times |publisher=Fairfax Media }}</ref> Two water quality monitoring sites in the basin have repeatedly recorded levels of turbidity above acceptable levels.<ref name="cmw"/> High turbidity levels pose a threat to [[seagrass]] beds in the area.


In June 2012, the [[UNESCO]] World Heritage Committee requested that an independent review into the management of the port be undertaken.<ref name="irfaq">{{cite web |url=http://www.environment.gov.au/topics/marine/gbr/gladstone/frequently-asked-questions |title=Independent review of the Port of Gladstone – Frequently asked questions |publisher=Commonwealth of Australia |accessdate=28 October 2014 }}</ref> The review found that the port was being properly managed and that the sediment contained acceptable levels of contaminants.<ref name="rpd"/> The four-person expert panel blamed severe weather for recent fish deaths.<ref name="rpd">{{Cite news |url=http://www.theaustralian.com.au/news/health-science/reef-port-dredging-ruled-ok/story-e6frg8y6-1226695171141 |title=Reef port dredging ruled OK |accessdate=28 October 2014 |date=12 August 2013 |newspaper=The Australian }}</ref>
⚫
In August 2011, a Fisheries Queensland spokesman said they received reports of fish with milky eyes.<ref name="wgf"/> A spokesman from the Gladstone Fish Markets claimed that diseased fish were still being caught in large numbers in November 2011.<ref name="gdp">{{Cite news |url=http://www.abc.net.au/news/2011-11-08/qld-government-defends-probe-into-gladstones-sick-fish/3651746 |title=Government defends probe into Gladstone's sick fish |author=Andree Withey, Francis Tapim and Paul Robinson |accessdate=31 May 2012 |date=8 November 2011 |work=ABC News |publisher=Australian Broadcasting Corporation }}</ref>


==See also==
==See also==
Line 68: Line 81:


==References==
==References==
{{Reflist}}
{{Reflist|2}}


==External links==
==External links==
{{Commons category}}
*{{official|http://www.gpcl.com.au/}}
*{{Official website|http://www.gpcl.com.au/}}


{{Authority control}}
⚫
{{coord|23|49|12.70|S|151|14|33.08|E|type:landmark_region:AU|display=title}}


{{DEFAULTSORT:Port Of Gladstone}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Port Of Gladstone}}
[[Category:Ports and harbours of Queensland|Gladstone]]
[[Category:Ports and harbours of Queensland|Gladstone]]
[[Category:Central Queensland]]
[[Category:1914 establishments in Australia]]
[[Category:Gladstone, Queensland]]
[[simple:Port of Gladstone]]

Latest revision as of 08:31, 15 May 2024

Port of Gladstone
Cargo ships in Gladstone Harbour, 2010
Map
Click on the map for a fullscreen view
Standort
LandAustralien
StandortGladstone
Coordinates23°49′12.70″S 151°14′33.08″E / 23.8201944°S 151.2425222°E / -23.8201944; 151.2425222
UN/LOCODEAUGLT[1]
Details
Opened1914
Owned byGladstone Ports Corporation
Type of harbourNatural
No. of berths24[2]
Draft depth18.8 m.[2]
Statistics
Annual cargo tonnage76,400,000 tonnes (2010–11)
Website
www.gpcl.com.au

The Port of Gladstone is Queensland's largest multi-commodity port and the fifth largest multi-commodity port in Australia. It is the world's fourth largest coal exporting terminal.[3] It is within the locality of Callemondah in Gladstone in Central Queensland and is located about 525 kilometres (326 mi) north of Brisbane at Latitude of 23°49.61'S, Longitude 151°34.6’E. It is owned and managed by Gladstone Ports Corporation,[4] which is a statutory corporate body of the Government of Queensland.

Major exports include coal, alumina, aluminium, cement products and liquid ammonia. Coal makes up 70% of the total exports from the port.[5] Each year 50 million tonnes of coal passes through the port. Major imports include bauxite and petroleum products as well as general cargo in containers.

In 2008, the Queensland Government announced A$20.9 million worth of funding for the port which included A$4.3 million for dust suppression measures.[6]

In late 2010 and early 2011 the port was closed in the aftermath of the 2010–2011 Queensland floods. The closure of the Blackwater railway system halted deliveries of coal from the Bowen Basin.[7]

Facilities

[edit]
Coal pile at the Port of Gladstone, November 1974

The port consists of a number of wharves and terminal facilities. Auckland Point was where coal exporting began in 1925 and later live horse exports occurred in the mid-1930s.[8] Barney Point was used to export coal from Moura. The facilities here were incorporated into the Port of Gladstone in November 1998.[8]

The first berth at Fisherman's Landing was completed in 1980. A second berth was built in the 1990s and this area is earmarked for future expansion.[8] Boyne Wharf is used by the Boyne Island aluminium smelter and was opened in August 1982.[8] Two berths at South Trees have been used by Queensland Alumina Limited.[8]

RG Tanna Coal Terminal, currently the largest by volume was opened in 1997 and is used primarily for the export of coking coal and other metallurgical coal to Japanese, Korean, Indian and Chinese steel mills.[8] RG Tanna Coal Terminal receives coal from 17 mines within the southern Bowen Basin via two rail supply chains (Blackwater and Moura). The terminal consists of three bottom dump rail receival stations, 22 stockpiles, 4 berths and 3 shiploaders.[citation needed]

All shipping to and from the port is through Gladstone Harbour which has two channels to the Coral Sea; the northerly one is between Curtis Island and Facing Island and the southerly one is between Facing Island and Boyne Island.[9]

Expansion

[edit]

The western part of the harbour basin is currently being expanded, primarily to allow increased exports of liquified natural gas (LNG). Expansion plans in the port include the development of LNG exports, expansion of existing coal terminals and alumina refinery as well as a possible nickel refinery. Santos has a LNG plant on Curtis Island. Exports from the Santos plant are expected to begin in 2015.[10][needs update]

At least 25 million cubic metres of sediment is expected to be dredged.[11] Dredging began in June 2011 and is expected to be completed in 2014.[12] The Port of Gladstone has permission to dredge 32 million tonnes.[13] Two water quality monitoring sites in the basin have repeatedly recorded levels of turbidity above acceptable levels.[13] High turbidity levels pose a threat to seagrass beds in the area.[citation needed]

In August 2011, a Fisheries Queensland spokesman said they received reports of fish with milky eyes.[11] A spokesman from the Gladstone Fish Markets claimed that diseased fish were still being caught in large numbers in November 2011.[14]

In June 2012, the UNESCO World Heritage Committee requested that an independent review into the management of the port be undertaken.[15] The review found that the port was being properly managed and that the sediment contained acceptable levels of contaminants.[16] The four-person expert panel blamed severe weather for recent fish deaths.[16]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "UNLOCODE (AU) - AUSTRALIA". www.unece.org. UNECE. Archived from the original on 10 January 2020. Retrieved 8 October 2020.
  2. ^ a b "Port of Gladstone, Australia". www.findaport.com. Shipping Guides Ltd. Retrieved 8 October 2020.
  3. ^ "Mystery carrier causing a buzz". Gladstone Observer. APN News & Media. 3 December 2010. Archived from the original on 4 December 2010. Retrieved 5 December 2010.
  4. ^ "Home". gpcl.com.au. Archived from the original on 16 April 2009. Retrieved 5 December 2010.
  5. ^ "Gladstone Ports Corporation: Trade Statistics". Port of Gladstone. Archived from the original on 1 December 2009. Retrieved 5 December 2010.
  6. ^ "Government pledges millions to combat coal dust in our port". Gladstone Observer. APN News & Media. 4 June 2008. Retrieved 5 December 2010.
  7. ^ David Fickling (14 January 2011). "Gladstone port to resume coal exports on Saturday". The Australian. Retrieved 31 May 2012.
  8. ^ a b c d e f "History of Gladstone Ports Corporation". Port of Gladstone. Archived from the original on 20 October 2011. Retrieved 5 December 2010.
  9. ^ "Queensland Globe". State of Queensland. Retrieved 27 March 2019.
  10. ^ "Australia's Santos begins construction of Curtis Island GLNG plant". Platts. The McGraw-Hill Companies. 27 May 2011. Retrieved 31 May 2012.
  11. ^ a b Brian Williams (17 September 2011). "Warning: Gladstone fish off the menu and central Qld coast closed to fishing". The Courier Mail. News Queensland. Archived from the original on 10 June 2012. Retrieved 31 May 2012.
  12. ^ "JV Van Oord, Dredging International Australia Acquire Contract for Gladstone Western Basin Dredging". Dredging Today. 10 August 2011. Retrieved 31 May 2012.
  13. ^ a b Tony Moore (4 May 2012). "Changes muddy waters around dredging". Brisbane Times. Retrieved 31 May 2012.
  14. ^ Andree Withey, Francis Tapim and Paul Robinson (8 November 2011). "Government defends probe into Gladstone's sick fish". ABC News. Archived from the original on 22 May 2012. Retrieved 31 May 2012.
  15. ^ "Independent review of the Port of Gladstone – Frequently asked questions". Commonwealth of Australia. Retrieved 28 October 2014.
  16. ^ a b "Reef port dredging ruled OK". The Australian. 12 August 2013. Retrieved 28 October 2014.
[edit]
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