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{{Short description|American chemist}}
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'''Louis Plack Hammett''' (April 7, 1894 - February 9, 1987) was an [[United States|American]] [[physical chemist]]. He is known for the [[Hammett equation]], which relates [[reaction rate]]s to [[equilibrium constant]]s for certain classes of organic reactions involving [[substitution (chemistry)|substituted]] [[aromatic]] compounds. He is also known for his research into [[superacids]] and his development of a scheme for comparing their acidities based on what is now known as the [[Hammett acidity function]]. The [[Curtin–Hammett principle]] bears his name.
{{more citations needed|date=February 2013}}


{{Infobox scientist
The awards he obtained included the [[Priestley Medal]] in 1961.
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|name = Louis Plack Hammett
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|birth_date = 7 April 1894
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|death_date = {{death-date and age|9 February 1987|7 April 1894}}
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|field = [[Physical Chemistry]]
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|alma_mater = [[Columbia University]] {{small|(Ph.D)}}
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|known_for = [[Hammett equation]]
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|influences =
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|prizes = [[William H. Nichols Medal]] {{small|(1957)}}<br>[[Priestley Medal]] {{small|(1961)}}<br>[[Willard Gibbs Award]] {{small|(1961)}}<br>[[National Medal of Science]] {{small|(1967)}}<br>[[Barnard Medal for Meritorious Service to Science]] {{small|(1975)}}
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'''Louis Plack Hammett''' (April 7, 1894 &ndash; February 9, 1987) was an American [[physical chemist]]. He is known for the [[Hammett equation]], which relates [[reaction rate]]s to [[equilibrium constant]]s for certain classes of organic reactions involving [[substitution (chemistry)|substituted]] [[aromatic]] compounds. He is also known for his research into [[superacids]] and his development of a scheme for comparing their acidities based on what is now known as the [[Hammett acidity function]]. The [[Curtin–Hammett principle]] bears his name.
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Hammett grew up in [[Portland, Maine]], and studied in Harvard and Switzerland. He earned his Ph.D. at [[Columbia University]]. He authored an influential textbook on [[physical organic chemistry]],<ref>Hammett, Louis P. (1940) ''Physical Organic Chemistry'' New York: McGraw Hill.</ref> and is credited with coining the term.

The awards he obtained included the [[Priestley Medal]] in 1961, the [[Willard Gibbs Award]] in 1961,<ref>[http://chicagoacs.org/content.php?page=Willard_Gibbs_Award American Chemical Society - Chicago Section]</ref> the [[National Medal of Science]] in 1967, and in 1975 the [[Barnard Medal for Meritorious Service to Science]].

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Hammett grew up in [[Portland, Maine]], and studied in Harvard and Switzerland. He earned his Ph.D. at [[Columbia University]]. He authored an influential textbook on [[physical organic chemistry]],<ref>Hammett, Louis P. (1940) [https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.168388/page/n5/mode/2up ''Physical Organic Chemistry''] New York: McGraw Hill. (Link added 15 May 2024)</ref> and is credited with coining the term.


==References==
==References==
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== Further reading ==
== Further reading ==


*Hammond, George S. (1997) ''[http://www.iupac.org/publications/pac/1997/pdf/6909x1919.pdf Physical organic chemistry after 50 years: It has changed, but is it still there?]'' [[IUPAC]] V9. 69, No. 9, pp. 1919-1922.
*Hammond, George S. (1997) ''[http://www.iupac.org/publications/pac/1997/pdf/6909x1919.pdf Physical organic chemistry after 50 years: It has changed, but is it still there?]'' [[IUPAC]] V9. 69, No. 9, pp.&nbsp;1919–1922.
*Westheimer, F. H. (1997) ''[http://books.nap.edu/html/biomems/lhammett.html Biographical Memoirs]'' V72, pp.136-149.
*Westheimer, F. H. (1997) ''[http://books.nap.edu/html/biomems/lhammett.html Biographical Memoirs]'' V72, pp.&nbsp;136–149. [https://web.archive.org/web/20030703083530/http://books.nap.edu/html/biomems/lhammett.html Archived] [https://www.nasonline.org/publications/biographical-memoirs/memoir-pdfs/hammett-louis-p.pdf PDF Version] (Archived and PDF Links added 15 May 2024)
*Young, Robin V., Sessine, Suzanne (1999) ''[http://www.bookrags.com/biography/louis-hammett-woc/ World of Chemistry]'' Thomson Gale.
*Young, Robin V., Sessine, Suzanne (1999) ''[http://www.bookrags.com/biography/louis-hammett-woc/ World of Chemistry]'' Thomson Gale.


{{Authority control}}
{{Persondata <!-- Metadata: see [[Wikipedia:Persondata]]. -->

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| NAME = Hammett, Louis Plack
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES =
| SHORT DESCRIPTION =
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| DATE OF BIRTH = April 7, 1894
| PLACE OF BIRTH =
| DATE OF DEATH = February 9, 1987
| PLACE OF DEATH =
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}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Hammett, Louis Plack}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Hammett, Louis Plack}}
[[Category:1894 births]]
[[Category:1894 births]]
[[Category:American chemists]]
[[Category:American physical chemists]]
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[[Category:Physical chemists]]
[[Category:Harvard University alumni]]
[[Category:Harvard University alumni]]
[[Category:Columbia University alumni]]
[[Category:Columbia University alumni]]
[[Category:People from Portland, Maine]]
[[Category:Columbia University faculty]]
[[Category:Priestley Medal]]
[[Category:Academics from Portland, Maine]]
[[Category:1987 deaths]]
[[Category:1987 deaths]]
[[Category:National Medal of Science laureates]]
[[Category:National Medal of Science laureates]]
[[Category:Chemists from Maine]]
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[[Category:20th-century American chemists]]




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{{US-chemist-stub}}

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[[ru:Гаммет, Луис Плак]]

Latest revision as of 12:33, 15 May 2024

Louis Plack Hammett
Born7 April 1894
Died9 February 1987 (1987-02-10) (aged 92)
Alma materColumbia University (Ph.D)
Known forHammett equation
AwardsWilliam H. Nichols Medal (1957)
Priestley Medal (1961)
Willard Gibbs Award (1961)
National Medal of Science (1967)
Barnard Medal for Meritorious Service to Science (1975)
Scientific career
FieldsPhysical Chemistry

Louis Plack Hammett (April 7, 1894 – February 9, 1987) was an American physical chemist. He is known for the Hammett equation, which relates reaction rates to equilibrium constants for certain classes of organic reactions involving substituted aromatic compounds. He is also known for his research into superacids and his development of a scheme for comparing their acidities based on what is now known as the Hammett acidity function. The Curtin–Hammett principle bears his name.

The awards he obtained included the Priestley Medal in 1961, the Willard Gibbs Award in 1961,[1] the National Medal of Science in 1967, and in 1975 the Barnard Medal for Meritorious Service to Science.

Hammett grew up in Portland, Maine, and studied in Harvard and Switzerland. He earned his Ph.D. at Columbia University. He authored an influential textbook on physical organic chemistry,[2] and is credited with coining the term.

References

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  1. ^ American Chemical Society - Chicago Section
  2. ^ Hammett, Louis P. (1940) Physical Organic Chemistry New York: McGraw Hill. (Link added 15 May 2024)

Further reading

[edit]


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