Jump to content

1881 in the United States: Difference between revisions

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Browse history interactively
← Previous editNext edit →
Content deleted Content added
VisualWikitext
(7 intermediate revisions by 6 users not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
{{Yearbox US|1881}}
{{Year in the United States|1881}}
{{Year in U.S. states and territories|1881}}


Events from the year '''1881 in the United States'''. For the second time in history (after 1841), the country had three different presidents in one calendar year: [[Rutherford B. Hayes]], [[James A. Garfield]], and [[Chester A. Arthur]].
Events from the year '''1881 in the United States'''. For the second time in history (after 1841), the country had three different presidents in one calendar year: [[Rutherford B. Hayes]], [[James A. Garfield]], and [[Chester A. Arthur]].
Line 7: Line 8:
=== [[Federal government of the United States|Federal government]] ===
=== [[Federal government of the United States|Federal government]] ===
* [[President of the United States|President]]:
* [[President of the United States|President]]:
** until March 4: [[Rutherford B. Hayes]] ([[Republican Party (United States)|R]]-[[Ohio]])
::[[Rutherford B. Hayes]] ([[Republican Party (United States)|R]]-[[Ohio]]) (until March 4)
** March 4–September 19: [[James A. Garfield]] ([[Republican Party (United States)|R]]-[[Ohio]])
::[[James A. Garfield]] ([[Republican Party (United States)|R]]-[[Ohio]]) (March 4 – September 19)
** starting September 19: [[Chester A. Arthur]] ([[Republican Party (United States)|R]]-[[New York (state)|New York]])
::[[Chester A. Arthur]] ([[Republican Party (United States)|R]]-[[New York (state)|New York]]) (starting September 19)
* [[Vice President of the United States|Vice President]]:
* [[Vice President of the United States|Vice President]]:
** until March 4: [[William A. Wheeler]] ([[Republican Party (United States)|R]]-[[New York (state)|New York]])
::[[William A. Wheeler]] ([[Republican Party (United States)|R]]-[[New York (state)|New York]]) (until March 4)
** March 4–September 19: [[Chester A. Arthur]] ([[Republican Party (United States)|R]]-[[New York (state)|New York]])
::[[Chester A. Arthur]] ([[Republican Party (United States)|R]]-[[New York (state)|New York]]) (March 4 – September 19)
** starting September 19: ''vacant''
::''vacant'' (starting September 19)
* [[Chief Justice of the United States|Chief Justice]]: [[Morrison Waite]] (originally from [[Connecticut]]; lived in U.S. state of [[Ohio]])
* [[Chief Justice of the United States|Chief Justice]]: [[Morrison Waite]] (originally from [[Connecticut]]; lived in U.S. state of [[Ohio]])
* [[Speaker of the United States House of Representatives|Speaker of the House of Representatives]]: [[Samuel J. Randall]] ([[Democratic Party (United States)|D]]-[[Pennsylvania]]) (until March 4), [[J. Warren Keifer]] ([[Republican Party (United States)|R]]-[[Ohio]]) (starting December 5)
* [[Speaker of the United States House of Representatives|Speaker of the House of Representatives]]:
::[[Samuel J. Randall]] ([[Democratic Party (United States)|D]]-[[Pennsylvania]]) (until March 4)
::[[J. Warren Keifer]] ([[Republican Party (United States)|R]]-[[Ohio]]) (starting December 5)
* [[United States Congress|Congress]]: [[46th United States Congress|46th]] (until March 4), [[47th United States Congress|47th]] (starting March 4)
* [[United States Congress|Congress]]: [[46th United States Congress|46th]] (until March 4), [[47th United States Congress|47th]] (starting March 4)


Line 111: Line 114:
* February 2 &ndash; The 5.6 {{M|la|link=y}} [[Parkfield earthquake]] affects central California with a maximum Mercalli intensity of VII (''Very strong''). Some damage occurred near Imusdale northwest of Parkfield, including cracks in the roads, fallen chimneys, and partially collapsed buildings.<ref>{{citation|last1=Stover|first1=C. W.|last2=Coffman|first2=J. L.|title=Seismicity of the United States, 1568–1989 (Revised) – U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1527|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=bY0KAQAAIAAJ|year=1993|publisher=[[United States Government Printing Office]]|pages=73, 108}}</ref>
* February 2 &ndash; The 5.6 {{M|la|link=y}} [[Parkfield earthquake]] affects central California with a maximum Mercalli intensity of VII (''Very strong''). Some damage occurred near Imusdale northwest of Parkfield, including cracks in the roads, fallen chimneys, and partially collapsed buildings.<ref>{{citation|last1=Stover|first1=C. W.|last2=Coffman|first2=J. L.|title=Seismicity of the United States, 1568–1989 (Revised) – U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1527|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=bY0KAQAAIAAJ|year=1993|publisher=[[United States Government Printing Office]]|pages=73, 108}}</ref>
* February 5 – [[Phoenix, Arizona]], is incorporated.
* February 5 – [[Phoenix, Arizona]], is incorporated.
* February 14 &ndash; [[Pine City, Minnesota]] is incorporated.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://genealogytrails.com/minn/pine/history_naming.html|title = Pine County Minnesota Genealogy and History}}</ref>
* February 14 &ndash; [[Pine City, Minnesota]], is incorporated.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://genealogytrails.com/minn/pine/history_naming.html|title = Pine County Minnesota Genealogy and History}}</ref>
* February 19 – [[Kansas]] becomes the first [[U.S. state]] to [[Prohibition|prohibit]] all [[alcoholic beverage]]s.
* February 19 – [[Kansas]] becomes the first [[U.S. state]] to [[Prohibition|prohibit]] all [[alcoholic beverage]]s.
* February 22 – [[Cleopatra's Needle (New York City)|Cleopatra's Needle]] is erected in [[Central Park]], [[New York City]].
* February 22 – [[Cleopatra's Needle (New York City)|Cleopatra's Needle]] is erected in [[Central Park]], [[New York City]].
Line 127: Line 130:
**The [[American Red Cross]] is established by [[Clara Barton]].
**The [[American Red Cross]] is established by [[Clara Barton]].
**The [[United States Tennis Association]] (USNLTA) is established by a small group of tennis club members; the first U.S. [[Tennis]] Championships are played this year.
**The [[United States Tennis Association]] (USNLTA) is established by a small group of tennis club members; the first U.S. [[Tennis]] Championships are played this year.
* June 12 – The [[USS Jeannette (1878)|USS ''Jeannette'']] is crushed in an [[Arctic Ocean]] ice pack.
* June 12 – The {{USS|Jeannette|1878|6}} is crushed in an [[Arctic Ocean]] ice pack.


===July–September===
===July–September===
[[File:CAArthur-oathofoffice.jpg|thumb|upright|September 19: Vice President [[Chester A. Arthur]] becomes the 21st U.S. President after the death of [[James A. Garfield|Garfield]]]]
[[File:CAArthur-oathofoffice.jpg|thumb|upright|September 19: Vice President [[Chester A. Arthur]] becomes the 21st U.S. president after the death of [[James A. Garfield|Garfield]]]]
* July 2 – [[Assassination of James A. Garfield]]: [[James A. Garfield]], [[President of the United States]], is shot by [[lawyer]] [[Charles J. Guiteau]] at the [[Baltimore and Potomac Railroad Station]] in Washington, D.C. He survives the shooting but suffers from [[infection]] of his wound, dying on September 19.
* July 2 – [[Assassination of James A. Garfield]]: [[James A. Garfield]], [[President of the United States]], is shot by [[lawyer]] [[Charles J. Guiteau]] at the [[Baltimore and Potomac Railroad Station]] in Washington, D.C. He survives the shooting but suffers from [[infection]] of his wound, dying on September 19.
* July 4 – The [[Tuskegee Institute]] opens in [[Alabama]].
* July 4 – The [[Tuskegee Institute]] opens in [[Alabama]].
Line 138: Line 141:
* August 27 – The fifth hurricane of the [[1881 Atlantic hurricane season]] hits Florida and the Carolinas, killing about 700.
* August 27 – The fifth hurricane of the [[1881 Atlantic hurricane season]] hits Florida and the Carolinas, killing about 700.
* September 5 – The [[Thumb Fire]] in the [[U.S. state]] of [[Michigan]] destroys over a million acres (4,000 km²) and kills 282 people.
* September 5 – The [[Thumb Fire]] in the [[U.S. state]] of [[Michigan]] destroys over a million acres (4,000 km²) and kills 282 people.
* September 12 – [[Francis Howell High School]] (Howell Institute) in [[St. Charles, Missouri]], and [[Austin High School (Austin, Texas)|Stephen F. Austin High School]] in [[Austin, Texas]] open on the same day, putting them in a tie for the title of the oldest public [[high school]] west of the [[Mississippi River]].
* September 12 – [[Francis Howell High School]] (Howell Institute) in [[St. Charles, Missouri]], and [[Austin High School (Austin, Texas)|Stephen F. Austin High School]] in [[Austin, Texas]], open on the same day, putting them in a tie for the title of the oldest public [[high school]] west of the [[Mississippi River]].
* September 19 – President [[James A. Garfield]] dies weeks after being shot. Vice President [[Chester A. Arthur]] becomes the 21st [[President of the United States]].
* September 19 – President [[James A. Garfield]] dies weeks after being shot. Vice President [[Chester A. Arthur]] becomes the 21st [[president of the United States]].


===October–December===
===October–December===
* October 5–December 31 – [[International Cotton Exposition (1881)|International Cotton Exposition]] in [[Atlanta, Georgia]]
* October 5–December 31 – [[International Cotton Exposition (1881)|International Cotton Exposition]] in [[Atlanta, Georgia]].
* October 18–21– [[Yorktown Centennial]] is observed in Virginia, [[Yorktown Victory Monument]] cornerstone laid.
* October 18–21– [[Siege of Yorktown|Yorktown]] Centennial is observed in Virginia; [[Yorktown Victory Monument]] cornerstone is laid.
* October 22 – [[Boston Symphony Orchestra]] gives its inaugural concert.
* October 22 – [[Boston Symphony Orchestra]] gives its inaugural concert.
* October 26 – The [[Gunfight at the O.K. Corral]] occurs in [[Tombstone, Arizona|Tombstone]], [[Cochise County, Arizona]].
* October 26 – The [[gunfight at the O.K. Corral]] occurs in [[Tombstone, Arizona|Tombstone]], [[Cochise County, Arizona]].
* October 29 – ''[[Judge (magazine)|Judge]]'' magazine is first published.
* October 29 – ''[[Judge (magazine)|Judge]]'' magazine is first published.
* November 17 – The trial of [[Charles J. Guiteau]] begins in [[Washington, D.C.]]
* November 17 – The trial of [[Charles J. Guiteau]] begins in [[Washington, D.C.]]
* December 4 – The first edition of the [[Los Angeles Times]] is published.
* December 4 – The first edition of the ''[[Los Angeles Times]]'' is published.
* December 28 – [[Virgil Earp]] is ambushed in [[Tombstone, Arizona|Tombstone]] and loses the use of his left arm.
* December 28 – [[Virgil Earp]] is ambushed in [[Tombstone, Arizona|Tombstone]] and loses the use of his left arm.


Line 195: Line 198:
* September 26 – [[Hiram Wesley Evans]], Ku Klux Klan Imperial Wizard (died [[1966 in the United States|1966]])
* September 26 – [[Hiram Wesley Evans]], Ku Klux Klan Imperial Wizard (died [[1966 in the United States|1966]])
* October 1 – [[William Boeing]], engineer and airplane manufacturer (died 1956)
* October 1 – [[William Boeing]], engineer and airplane manufacturer (died 1956)
* October 10 – [[David Baird, Jr.]], U.S. Senator from New Jersey from 1929 to 1930 (died [[1955 in the United States|1955]])
* October 10 – [[David Baird Jr.]], U.S. Senator from New Jersey from 1929 to 1930 (died [[1955 in the United States|1955]])
* October 22 – [[Clinton Davisson]], physicist, recipient of the [[Nobel Prize in Physics]] in 1937 (died [[1958 in the United States|1958]])
* October 22 – [[Clinton Davisson]], physicist, recipient of the [[Nobel Prize in Physics]] in 1937 (died [[1958 in the United States|1958]])
* October 30 – [[Elizabeth Madox Roberts]], novelist and poet (died [[1941 in the United States|1941]])
* October 30 – [[Elizabeth Madox Roberts]], novelist and poet (died [[1941 in the United States|1941]])
Line 209: Line 212:


==Deaths==
==Deaths==
[[File:James Abram Garfield, photo portrait seated.jpg|thumb|127x127px|[[James A. Garfield]]]]
* January 3 – [[Anna McNeill Whistler]], James Whistler's mother and subject of his painting (born [[1804 in the United States|1804]])
* January 3 – [[Anna McNeill Whistler]], James Whistler's mother and subject of his painting (born [[1804 in the United States|1804]])
* February 14 – [[Fernando Wood]], New York City mayor (born [[1812 in the United States|1812]])
* February 14 – [[Fernando Wood]], New York City mayor (born [[1812 in the United States|1812]])
Line 214: Line 218:
* April 24 – [[James T. Fields]], publisher (born [[1817 in the United States|1817]])
* April 24 – [[James T. Fields]], publisher (born [[1817 in the United States|1817]])
* May 21 – [[Thomas A. Scott]], industrialist (born [[1823 in the United States|1823]])
* May 21 – [[Thomas A. Scott]], industrialist (born [[1823 in the United States|1823]])
* June 18 – [[Henry Smith Lane]], U.S. Senator from Indiana from 1836 to 1837 and from 1854 to 1858 (born [[1811 in the United States|1811]])
* June 18 – [[Henry S. Lane]], U.S. Senator from Indiana from 1836 to 1837 and from 1854 to 1858 (born [[1811 in the United States|1811]])
* July 14 – [[Billy The Kid]], Old West gunfighter (killed) (born [[1859 in the United States|1859]])
* July 14 – [[Billy The Kid]], Old West gunfighter (killed) (born [[1859 in the United States|1859]])
* July 17 – [[Jim Bridger]], explorer and trapper (born 1804)
* July 17 – [[Jim Bridger]], explorer and trapper (born 1804)
Line 221: Line 225:
* September 13 – [[Ambrose Burnside]], Union Army general, railroad executive, inventor, industrialist and Rhode Island Senator (born [[1824 in the United States|1824]])
* September 13 – [[Ambrose Burnside]], Union Army general, railroad executive, inventor, industrialist and Rhode Island Senator (born [[1824 in the United States|1824]])
* September 15 – [[Susan May Williams]], railroad heiress, wife of [[Jérôme Napoléon Bonaparte]] (born [[1812 in the United States|1812]])
* September 15 – [[Susan May Williams]], railroad heiress, wife of [[Jérôme Napoléon Bonaparte]] (born [[1812 in the United States|1812]])
* September 19 – [[James A. Garfield]], 20th President of the U.S. from March to September 1881 (assassinated) (born [[1831 in the United States|1831]])
* September 19 – [[James A. Garfield]], 20th president of the U.S. from March to September 1881 (assassinated) (born [[1831 in the United States|1831]])
* September 22 – [[Solomon L. Spink]], U.S. Congressman from Illinois (born 1831)
* September 22 – [[Solomon L. Spink]], U.S. Congressman from Illinois (born 1831)
* October 3 – [[Orson Pratt]], religious leader (born [[1811 in the United States|1811]])
* October 3 – [[Orson Pratt]], religious leader (born [[1811 in the United States|1811]])
* October 8 – [[Joseph Carter Abbott]], U.S. Senator from North Carolina from 1868 to 1871 (born [[1825 in the United States|1825]])
* October 8 – [[Joseph Carter Abbott]], U.S. Senator from North Carolina from 1868 to 1871 (born [[1825 in the United States|1825]])
* October 12 – [[Josiah Gilbert Holland]], novelist and poet (born [[1819 in the United States|1819]])
* October 12 – [[Josiah Gilbert Holland]], novelist and poet (born [[1819 in the United States|1819]])
* October 26 – shot in [[Gunfight at the O.K. Corral]]
* October 26 – shot in the [[gunfight at the O.K. Corral]]
** [[Billy Clanton]], outlaw and brother of Ike Clanton (born [[1862 in the United States|1862]])
** [[Billy Clanton]], outlaw and brother of Ike Clanton (born [[1862 in the United States|1862]])
** [[Frank McLaury]], Old West gunman and brother of Tom McLaury (born [[1849 in the United States|1849]])
** [[Frank McLaury]], Old West gunman and brother of Tom McLaury (born [[1849 in the United States|1849]])
Line 244: Line 248:
* {{Commons category-inline}}
* {{Commons category-inline}}


⚫
{{Years in the United States}}
{{US year nav}}
⚫
{{Timeline of United States history}}
{{Year in North America|1881}}
{{Year in North America|1881}}


Revision as of 23:15, 16 May 2024

←

1881
in
the United States

→

Decades:
See also:
1881 in the United States
1881 in U.S. states
States
Washington, D.C.
List of years in the United States by state or territory

Events from the year 1881 in the United States. For the second time in history (after 1841), the country had three different presidents in one calendar year: Rutherford B. Hayes, James A. Garfield, and Chester A. Arthur.

Incumbents

Federal government

Rutherford B. Hayes (R-Ohio) (until March 4)
James A. Garfield (R-Ohio) (March 4 – September 19)
Chester A. Arthur (R-New York) (starting September 19)
William A. Wheeler (R-New York) (until March 4)
Chester A. Arthur (R-New York) (March 4 – September 19)
vacant (starting September 19)
Samuel J. Randall (D-Pennsylvania) (until March 4)
J. Warren Keifer (R-Ohio) (starting December 5)

Events

January–March

March 4: James A. Garfield becomes the 20th U.S. president
Chester A. Arthur becomes the 20th U.S. vice president

April–June

July–September

September 19: Vice President Chester A. Arthur becomes the 21st U.S. president after the death of Garfield

October–December

Undated

Ongoing

Sport

Births

Deaths

James A. Garfield

See also

References

  1. ^ Stover, C. W.; Coffman, J. L. (1993), Seismicity of the United States, 1568–1989 (Revised) – U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1527, United States Government Printing Office, pp. 73, 108
  2. ^ "Pine County Minnesota Genealogy and History".
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=1881_in_the_United_States&oldid=1224214159"