Long March 3C: Difference between revisions
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{{short description|Chinese orbital carrier rocket}} |
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{{Use British English|date=March 2020}} |
{{Use British English|date=March 2020}} |
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{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2020}} |
{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2020}} |
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{{Infobox rocket |
{{Infobox rocket |
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| image = |
| image = CZ-3C rendering.jpg |
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| caption = |
| caption = Rendering of Long March 3C |
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| function = [[Launch vehicle]] |
| function = [[Launch vehicle]] |
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| height = {{plainlist| |
| height = {{plainlist| |
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* '''3C:''' {{cvt|54.8|m}} <ref name="EA">{{cite web|url=http://www.astronautix.com/lvs/cz3c.htm|title=CZ-3C|first=Mark|last=Wade|publisher=Encyclopedia Astronautica|access-date=2008-04-26|url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080601181331/http://www.astronautix.com/lvs/cz3c.htm|archive-date=2008-06-01}}</ref> |
* '''3C:''' {{cvt|54.8|m}} <ref name="EA">{{cite web|url=http://www.astronautix.com/lvs/cz3c.htm|title=CZ-3C|first=Mark|last=Wade|publisher=Encyclopedia Astronautica|access-date=2008-04-26|url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080601181331/http://www.astronautix.com/lvs/cz3c.htm|archive-date=2008-06-01}}</ref> |
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* '''3C/E:''' {{cvt|55.64|m}} <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://nextspaceflight.com/launches/details/2105|title |
* '''3C/E:''' {{cvt|55.64|m}} <ref name="Long March 3C/E Tianlian 1D">{{Cite web|url=https://nextspaceflight.com/launches/details/2105|title=Long March 3C/E | Tianlian 1D|access-date=21 January 2021|archive-date=28 January 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210128041648/https://nextspaceflight.com/launches/details/2105|url-status=live}}</ref> |
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}} |
}} |
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| diameter = {{cvt|3.35|m}} <ref name="EA"/> |
| diameter = {{cvt|3.35|m}} <ref name="EA"/> |
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{{Infobox Rocket/Payload |
{{Infobox Rocket/Payload |
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| location = [[Low Earth orbit|LEO]] |
| location = [[Low Earth orbit|LEO]] |
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| kilos = '''3C:''' {{cvt|8000|kg}} <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://nextspaceflight.com/launches/details/5165|title |
| kilos = '''3C:''' {{cvt|8000|kg}} <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://nextspaceflight.com/launches/details/5165|title=Long March 3C | Chang'e 2|access-date=21 January 2021|archive-date=3 February 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210203220336/https://nextspaceflight.com/launches/details/5165|url-status=live}}</ref><br/>'''3C/E:''' {{cvt|8000|kg}}<ref name="Long March 3C/E Tianlian 1D" /> |
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}} |
}} |
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{{Infobox Rocket/Payload |
{{Infobox Rocket/Payload |
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| location = [[Geosynchronous transfer orbit|GTO]] |
| location = [[Geosynchronous transfer orbit|GTO]] |
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| kilos = '''3C:''' {{cvt|3800|kg}} <ref name="CGWIC_User_Manual">{{cite web|url=http://www.cgwic.com/LaunchServices/Download/manual/LM-3A%20Series%20Launch%20Vehicles%20User |
| kilos = '''3C:''' {{cvt|3800|kg}} <ref name="CGWIC_User_Manual">{{cite web|url=http://www.cgwic.com/LaunchServices/Download/manual/LM-3A%20Series%20Launch%20Vehicles%20User%27s%20Manual%20Issue%202011.pdf|title=LM-3A Series Launch Vehicle User's Manual - Issue 2011|publisher=China Great Wall Industries Corporation|access-date=2015-08-09|archive-date=20 December 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161220124025/http://www.cgwic.com/LaunchServices/Download/manual/LM-3A%20Series%20Launch%20Vehicles%20User%27s%20Manual%20Issue%202011.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="GSP">{{cite web|url=http://space.skyrocket.de/doc_lau_det/cz-3c.htm|title=CZ-3C (Chang Zheng-3C)|author=Gunter Krebs|publisher=Gunter's Space Page|access-date=2008-04-26|archive-date=28 November 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161128005847/http://space.skyrocket.de/doc_lau_det/cz-3c.htm|url-status=live}}</ref><br/>'''3C/E:''' {{cvt|3900|kg}} |
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}} |
}} |
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{{Infobox Rocket/Payload |
{{Infobox Rocket/Payload |
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| gross = <!-- {{cvt|21000|kg}} --> |
| gross = <!-- {{cvt|21000|kg}} --> |
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| propmass = {{cvt|18200|kg}} |
| propmass = {{cvt|18200|kg}} |
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| engines = |
| engines = 2 × [[YF-75]] |
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| thrust = {{cvt|167.17|kN}} |
| thrust = {{cvt|167.17|kN}} |
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| SI = {{cvt|4295|m/s}} |
| SI = {{cvt|4295|m/s}} |
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| burntime = 487 seconds |
| burntime = 487 seconds |
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| fuel = [[LH2|LH<sub>2</sub>]] / [[LOX]] |
| fuel = [[LH2|LH<sub>2</sub>]] / [[LOX]] |
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}} |
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{{Infobox rocket/stage |
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| type = stage |
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| stageno = Fourth |
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| diff = optional |
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| name = [[YZ-1]] |
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| engines = 1 × [[YF-50]]D |
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| thrust = {{cvt|6.5|kN}} |
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| SI = {{cvt|315.5|isp}} |
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| burntime = |
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| fuel = [[Dinitrogen tetroxide|N<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>]] / [[UDMH]] |
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}} |
}} |
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}} |
}} |
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== Launch Statistics == |
== Launch Statistics == |
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{{ #invoke:Chart | bar chart |
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{{Graph:Chart|width=850|height=300|xAxisTitle=Year|yAxisTitle=Launches|legend=Outcome|type=stackedrect|x=2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016,2017,2018,2019,2020,2021|y1=0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0, 0, 0,0 <!-- Planned -->|y2=1,1,4,1,3,0,1,1,3,0,1,1,0,1 <!-- Success -->|y3=0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0, 0, 0,0 <!-- Failure -->|y4=0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0, 0, 0,0 <!-- Partial Failure -->|y1Title=Planned|y2Title=Success|y3Title=Failure|y4Title=Partial Failure|colors=LightBlue, DarkGreen, FireBrick, Orange}} |
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| height = 300 |
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| width = 800 |
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| stack = 1 |
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| group 1 = 0: 0: 0: 0: 0: 0: 0: 0: 0: 0: 0: 0: 0: 0 |
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| group 2 = 0: 0: 0: 0: 0: 0: 0: 0: 0: 0: 0: 0: 0: 0 |
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| group 3 = 1: 1: 4: 1: 3: 0: 1: 1: 3: 0: 1: 1: 0: 1 |
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| group 4 = 0: 0: 0: 0: 0: 0: 0: 0: 0: 0: 0: 0: 0: 0 |
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| colors = FireBrick : Orange : ForestGreen : LightBlue |
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| group names = Failure : Partial failure : Success : Planned |
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| units suffix = _launches |
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| x legends = 2008 :: 2010 ::::: 2015 ::::: 2020 : |
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}} |
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== Launches == |
== Launches == |
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It made its maiden flight on 25 April 2008, at 15:35 [[Coordinated Universal Time|UTC]]. The payload for the first launch was the [[Tianlian I|Tianlian I-01]] [[Communications satellite|data relay communications satellite]]. The second carried the [[BeiDou|Compass-G2]] [[Satellite navigation|navigation satellite]] and was conducted on 14 April 2009. The third launch was made on 16 January 2010, with the [[BeiDou|Compass-G1]] satellite. The fourth carrying the [[BeiDou|Compass-G3]] navigation satellite was launched on 2 June 2010. On 1 October 2010, it successfully launched China's second lunar probe, [[Chang'e 2]]. |
It made its maiden flight on 25 April 2008, at 15:35 [[Coordinated Universal Time|UTC]]. The payload for the first launch was the [[Tianlian I|Tianlian I-01]] [[Communications satellite|data relay communications satellite]]. The second carried the [[BeiDou|Compass-G2]] [[Satellite navigation|navigation satellite]] and was conducted on 14 April 2009. The third launch was made on 16 January 2010, with the [[BeiDou|Compass-G1]] satellite. The fourth carrying the [[BeiDou|Compass-G3]] navigation satellite was launched on 2 June 2010. On 1 October 2010, it successfully launched China's second lunar probe, [[Chang'e 2]]. |
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An enhanced version, named Long March 3C/E, debuted during the launch of [[Chang'e 5-T1]] on 23 October 2014.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Barbosa|first1=Rui C.|title=China launches lunar sample return test mission |
An enhanced version, named Long March 3C/E, debuted during the launch of [[Chang'e 5-T1]] on 23 October 2014.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Barbosa|first1=Rui C.|title=China launches lunar sample return test mission|url=http://www.nasaspaceflight.com/2014/10/china-lunar-sample-return-test-mission/|publisher=NASASpaceFlight.com|date=23 October 2014|access-date=10 August 2015|archive-date=23 October 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141023233948/http://www.nasaspaceflight.com/2014/10/china-lunar-sample-return-test-mission/|url-status=live}}</ref> On 30 March 2015, the [[Yuanzheng]] [[Multistage rocket|upper stage]] was used on top of a Long March 3C launch vehicle for the first time.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Barbosa|first1=Rui C.|title=Long March 3C in secretive launch with new Upper Stage|url=http://www.nasaspaceflight.com/2015/03/long-march-3c-launch-new-upper-stage/|publisher=NASASpaceFlight.com|date=30 March 2015|access-date=10 August 2015|archive-date=2 April 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402104525/http://www.nasaspaceflight.com/2015/03/long-march-3c-launch-new-upper-stage/|url-status=live}}</ref> |
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== List of launches == |
== List of launches == |
Latest revision as of 12:26, 24 May 2024
![]() Rendering of Long March 3C | |
Function | Launch vehicle |
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Manufacturer | CALT |
Country of origin | China |
Size | |
Height | |
Diameter | 3.35 m (11.0 ft) [1] |
Mass | 345,000 kg (761,000 lb) |
Stages | 3 |
Capacity | |
Payload to LEO | |
Mass | 3C: 8,000 kg (18,000 lb) [3] 3C/E: 8,000 kg (18,000 lb)[2] |
Payload to GTO | |
Mass | 3C: 3,800 kg (8,400 lb) [4][5] 3C/E: 3,900 kg (8,600 lb) |
Payload to HCO | |
Mass | 2,400 kg (5,300 lb) [4][5] |
Associated rockets | |
Family | Long March |
Launch history | |
Status | Active |
Launch sites | XSLC, LA-2 and LA-3 |
Total launches | 18 |
Success(es) | 18 |
First flight |
|
Last flight |
|
Type of passengers/cargo | |
Boosters (3C) | |
No. boosters | 2 |
Height | 15.33 m (50.3 ft) |
Diameter | 2.25 m (7 ft 5 in) |
Propellant mass | 37,700 kg (83,100 lb) |
Powered by | 1 YF-25 |
Maximum thrust | 740.4 kN (166,400 lbf) |
Specific impulse | 2,556.2 m/s (8,386 ft/s) |
Burn time | 127 seconds |
Propellant | N2O4 / UDMH |
Boosters (3C/E) | |
No. boosters | 2 |
Height | 16.1 m (53 ft) |
Diameter | 2.25 m (7 ft 5 in) |
Propellant mass | 41,100 kg (90,600 lb) |
Powered by | 1 YF-25 |
Maximum thrust | 740.4 kN (166,400 lbf) |
Specific impulse | 2,556.2 m/s (8,386 ft/s) |
Burn time | 140 seconds |
Propellant | N2O4 / UDMH |
First stage (3C) | |
Height | 23.27 m (76.3 ft) |
Diameter | 3.35 m (11.0 ft) |
Propellant mass | 171,800 kg (378,800 lb) |
Powered by | 4 YF-21C |
Maximum thrust | 2,961.6 kN (665,800 lbf) |
Specific impulse | 2,556.5 m/s (8,387 ft/s) |
Burn time | 145 seconds |
Propellant | N2O4 / UDMH |
First stage (3C/E) | |
Height | 24.76 m (81.2 ft) |
Diameter | 3.35 m (11.0 ft) |
Propellant mass | 186,200 kg (410,500 lb) |
Powered by | 4 YF-21C |
Maximum thrust | 2,961.6 kN (665,800 lbf) |
Specific impulse | 2,556.5 m/s (8,387 ft/s) |
Burn time | 158 seconds |
Propellant | N2O4 / UDMH |
Second stage | |
Height | 12.92 m (42.4 ft) |
Diameter | 3.35 m (11.0 ft) |
Propellant mass | 49,400 kg (108,900 lb) |
Powered by | 1 YF-24E (YF-22E (Main) 4 x YF-23C (Vernier)) |
Maximum thrust | 742 kN (167,000 lbf) (Main) 47.1 kN (10,600 lbf) (Vernier) |
Specific impulse | 2,922.57 m/s (9,588.5 ft/s) (Main) 2,910.5 m/s (9,549 ft/s) (Vernier) |
Burn time | 185 seconds |
Propellant | N2O4 / UDMH |
Third stage | |
Height | 12.38 m (40.6 ft) |
Diameter | 3.0 m (9.8 ft) |
Propellant mass | 18,200 kg (40,100 lb) |
Powered by | 2 × YF-75 |
Maximum thrust | 167.17 kN (37,580 lbf) |
Specific impulse | 4,295 m/s (14,090 ft/s) |
Burn time | 487 seconds |
Propellant | LH2 / LOX |
Fourth stage (optional) – YZ-1 | |
Powered by | 1 × YF-50D |
Maximum thrust | 6.5 kN (1,500 lbf) |
Specific impulse | 315.5 s (3.094 km/s) |
Propellant | N2O4 / UDMH |
The Long March 3C (simplified Chinese: 长征三号丙火箭; traditional Chinese: 長征三號丙火箭; pinyin: Chángzhēng Sānhào Bǐng Huǒjiàn), also known as the Changzheng 3C, CZ-3C and LM-3C, is a Chinese orbital launch vehicle. It is launched from Launch Complex 2 and 3 at the Xichang Satellite Launch Center (XSLC). A three-stage rocket with two strapon liquid rocket boosters, it is a member of the Long March 3 rocket family, and was derived from the Long March 3B. It was designed to fill a gap in payload capacities between the Long March 3A and 3B.
Launch Statistics
[edit]- Failure
- Partial failure
- Success
- Planned
Launches
[edit]It made its maiden flight on 25 April 2008, at 15:35 UTC. The payload for the first launch was the Tianlian I-01 data relay communications satellite. The second carried the Compass-G2 navigation satellite and was conducted on 14 April 2009. The third launch was made on 16 January 2010, with the Compass-G1 satellite. The fourth carrying the Compass-G3 navigation satellite was launched on 2 June 2010. On 1 October 2010, it successfully launched China's second lunar probe, Chang'e 2.
An enhanced version, named Long March 3C/E, debuted during the launch of Chang'e 5-T1 on 23 October 2014.[6] On 30 March 2015, the Yuanzheng upper stage was used on top of a Long March 3C launch vehicle for the first time.[7]
List of launches
[edit]Flight number | Serial number | Date (UTC) | Launch site | Version | Payload | Orbit | Result |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Y1 | 25 April 2008 15:35 |
XSLC, LA-2 | 3C | Tianlian I-01 | GTO | Success |
2 | Y3 | 14 April 2009 16:16 |
XSLC, LA-2 | 3C | Compass-G2 | GTO | Success |
3 | Y2 | 16 January 2010 16:12 |
XSLC, LA-2 | 3C | Compass-G1 | GTO | Success |
4 | Y4 | 2 June 2010 15:53 |
XSLC, LA-2 | 3C | Compass-G3 | GTO | Success |
5 | Y7 | 1 October 2010 10:59 |
XSLC, LA-2 | 3C | Chang'e 2 | LTO | Success |
6 | Y5 | 31 October 2010 16:26 |
XSLC, LA-2 | 3C | Compass-G4 | GTO | Success |
7 | Y8 | 11 July 2011 15:41 |
XSLC, LA-2 | 3C | Tianlian I-02 | GTO | Success |
8 | Y6 | 24 February 2012 16:12 |
XSLC, LA-2 | 3C | Compass-G5 | GTO | Success |
9 | Y9 | 25 July 2012 15:43 |
XSLC, LA-2 | 3C | Tianlian I-03 | GTO | Success |
10 | Y10 | 25 October 2012 15:33 |
XSLC, LA-2 | 3C | Compass-G6 | GTO | Success |
11 | Y12 | 23 October 2014 18:00 |
XSLC, LA-2 | 3C/E | Chang'e 5-T1 | LTO | Success |
12 | Y11 | 30 March 2015 13:52 |
XSLC, LA-2 | 3C / Yuanzheng | BDS I1-S | GSO | Success |
13 | Y14 | 1 February 2016 07:29 |
XSLC, LA-2 | 3C / Yuanzheng | BDS M3-S | MEO | Success |
14 | Y15 | 12 June 2016 15:30 |
XSLC, LA-3 | 3C/E | Compass-G7 | GTO | Success |
15 | Y13 | 22 November 2016 15:24 |
XSLC, LA-2 | 3C/E | Tianlian I-04 | GTO | Success |
16 | Y17 | 24 December 2018 16:53 |
XSLC, LA-3 | 3C/E | TJS-3 | GTO | Success |
17 | Y16 | 17 May 2019 15:48 |
XSLC, LA-2 | 3C/E | Compass-G8 | GTO | Success |
18 | Y18 | 6 July 2021 15:53 |
XSLC, LA-2 | 3C/E | Tianlian I-05 | GTO | Success |
References
[edit]- ^ a b Wade, Mark. "CZ-3C". Encyclopedia Astronautica. Archived from the original on 1 June 2008. Retrieved 26 April 2008.
- ^ a b "Long March 3C/E | Tianlian 1D". Archived from the original on 28 January 2021. Retrieved 21 January 2021.
- ^ "Long March 3C | Chang'e 2". Archived from the original on 3 February 2021. Retrieved 21 January 2021.
- ^ a b "LM-3A Series Launch Vehicle User's Manual - Issue 2011" (PDF). China Great Wall Industries Corporation. Archived (PDF) from the original on 20 December 2016. Retrieved 9 August 2015.
- ^ a b Gunter Krebs. "CZ-3C (Chang Zheng-3C)". Gunter's Space Page. Archived from the original on 28 November 2016. Retrieved 26 April 2008.
- ^ Barbosa, Rui C. (23 October 2014). "China launches lunar sample return test mission". NASASpaceFlight.com. Archived from the original on 23 October 2014. Retrieved 10 August 2015.
- ^ Barbosa, Rui C. (30 March 2015). "Long March 3C in secretive launch with new Upper Stage". NASASpaceFlight.com. Archived from the original on 2 April 2015. Retrieved 10 August 2015.