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{{short description|Chinese orbital carrier rocket}}
{{Use British English|date=March 2020}}
{{Use British English|date=March 2020}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2020}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2020}}
{{Infobox rocket
{{Infobox rocket
| image = [[File:CZ-3C.svg|100px]]
| image = CZ-3C rendering.jpg
| caption = Schematic of Long March 3C
| caption = Rendering of Long March 3C


| function = [[Launch vehicle]]
| function = [[Launch vehicle]]
Line 13: Line 14:
| height = {{plainlist|
| height = {{plainlist|
* '''3C:''' {{cvt|54.8|m}} <ref name="EA">{{cite web|url=http://www.astronautix.com/lvs/cz3c.htm|title=CZ-3C|first=Mark|last=Wade|publisher=Encyclopedia Astronautica|access-date=2008-04-26|url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080601181331/http://www.astronautix.com/lvs/cz3c.htm|archive-date=2008-06-01}}</ref>
* '''3C:''' {{cvt|54.8|m}} <ref name="EA">{{cite web|url=http://www.astronautix.com/lvs/cz3c.htm|title=CZ-3C|first=Mark|last=Wade|publisher=Encyclopedia Astronautica|access-date=2008-04-26|url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080601181331/http://www.astronautix.com/lvs/cz3c.htm|archive-date=2008-06-01}}</ref>
* '''3C/E:''' {{cvt|55.64|m}} <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://nextspaceflight.com/launches/details/2105|title = Long March 3C/E &#124; Tianlian 1D}}</ref>
* '''3C/E:''' {{cvt|55.64|m}} <ref name="Long March 3C/E Tianlian 1D">{{Cite web|url=https://nextspaceflight.com/launches/details/2105|title=Long March 3C/E &#124; Tianlian 1D|access-date=21 January 2021|archive-date=28 January 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210128041648/https://nextspaceflight.com/launches/details/2105|url-status=live}}</ref>
}}
}}
| diameter = {{cvt|3.35|m}} <ref name="EA"/>
| diameter = {{cvt|3.35|m}} <ref name="EA"/>
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{{Infobox Rocket/Payload
{{Infobox Rocket/Payload
| location = [[Low Earth orbit|LEO]]
| location = [[Low Earth orbit|LEO]]
| kilos = '''3C:''' {{cvt|8000|kg}} <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://nextspaceflight.com/launches/details/5165|title = Long March 3C &#124; Chang'e 2}}</ref><br/>'''3C/E:''' {{cvt|8000|kg}}<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://nextspaceflight.com/launches/details/2105|title = Long March 3C/E &#124; Tianlian 1D}}</ref>
| kilos = '''3C:''' {{cvt|8000|kg}} <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://nextspaceflight.com/launches/details/5165|title=Long March 3C &#124; Chang'e 2|access-date=21 January 2021|archive-date=3 February 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210203220336/https://nextspaceflight.com/launches/details/5165|url-status=live}}</ref><br/>'''3C/E:''' {{cvt|8000|kg}}<ref name="Long March 3C/E Tianlian 1D" />
}}
}}
{{Infobox Rocket/Payload
{{Infobox Rocket/Payload
| location = [[Geosynchronous transfer orbit|GTO]]
| location = [[Geosynchronous transfer orbit|GTO]]
| kilos = '''3C:''' {{cvt|3800|kg}} <ref name="CGWIC_User_Manual">{{cite web|url=http://www.cgwic.com/LaunchServices/Download/manual/LM-3A%20Series%20Launch%20Vehicles%20User's%20Manual%20Issue%202011.pdf|title=LM-3A Series Launch Vehicle User's Manual - Issue 2011|publisher=China Great Wall Industries Corporation|access-date=2015-08-09}}</ref><ref name="GSP">{{cite web|url=http://space.skyrocket.de/doc_lau_det/cz-3c.htm|title=CZ-3C (Chang Zheng-3C)|author=Gunter Krebs|publisher=Gunter's Space Page|access-date=2008-04-26}}</ref><br/>'''3C/E:''' {{cvt|3900|kg}}
| kilos = '''3C:''' {{cvt|3800|kg}} <ref name="CGWIC_User_Manual">{{cite web|url=http://www.cgwic.com/LaunchServices/Download/manual/LM-3A%20Series%20Launch%20Vehicles%20User%27s%20Manual%20Issue%202011.pdf|title=LM-3A Series Launch Vehicle User's Manual - Issue 2011|publisher=China Great Wall Industries Corporation|access-date=2015-08-09|archive-date=20 December 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161220124025/http://www.cgwic.com/LaunchServices/Download/manual/LM-3A%20Series%20Launch%20Vehicles%20User%27s%20Manual%20Issue%202011.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="GSP">{{cite web|url=http://space.skyrocket.de/doc_lau_det/cz-3c.htm|title=CZ-3C (Chang Zheng-3C)|author=Gunter Krebs|publisher=Gunter's Space Page|access-date=2008-04-26|archive-date=28 November 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161128005847/http://space.skyrocket.de/doc_lau_det/cz-3c.htm|url-status=live}}</ref><br/>'''3C/E:''' {{cvt|3900|kg}}
}}
}}
{{Infobox Rocket/Payload
{{Infobox Rocket/Payload
Line 125: Line 126:
| gross = <!-- {{cvt|21000|kg}} -->
| gross = <!-- {{cvt|21000|kg}} -->
| propmass = {{cvt|18200|kg}}
| propmass = {{cvt|18200|kg}}
| engines = 1 [[YF-75]]
| engines = 2 × [[YF-75]]
| thrust = {{cvt|167.17|kN}}
| thrust = {{cvt|167.17|kN}}
| SI = {{cvt|4295|m/s}}
| SI = {{cvt|4295|m/s}}
| burntime = 487 seconds
| burntime = 487 seconds
| fuel = [[LH2|LH<sub>2</sub>]] / [[LOX]]
| fuel = [[LH2|LH<sub>2</sub>]] / [[LOX]]
}}

{{Infobox rocket/stage
| type = stage
| stageno = Fourth
| diff = optional
| name = [[YZ-1]]
| engines = 1 × [[YF-50]]D
| thrust = {{cvt|6.5|kN}}
| SI = {{cvt|315.5|isp}}
| burntime =
| fuel = [[Dinitrogen tetroxide|N<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>]] / [[UDMH]]
}}
}}
}}
}}
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== Launch Statistics ==
== Launch Statistics ==
{{ #invoke:Chart | bar chart
{{Graph:Chart|width=850|height=300|xAxisTitle=Year|yAxisTitle=Launches|legend=Outcome|type=stackedrect|x=2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016,2017,2018,2019,2020,2021|y1=0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0, 0, 0,0 <!-- Planned -->|y2=1,1,4,1,3,0,1,1,3,0,1,1,0,1 <!-- Success -->|y3=0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0, 0, 0,0 <!-- Failure -->|y4=0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0, 0, 0,0 <!-- Partial Failure -->|y1Title=Planned|y2Title=Success|y3Title=Failure|y4Title=Partial Failure|colors=LightBlue, DarkGreen, FireBrick, Orange}}
| height = 300
| width = 800
| stack = 1
| group 1 = 0: 0: 0: 0: 0: 0: 0: 0: 0: 0: 0: 0: 0: 0
| group 2 = 0: 0: 0: 0: 0: 0: 0: 0: 0: 0: 0: 0: 0: 0
| group 3 = 1: 1: 4: 1: 3: 0: 1: 1: 3: 0: 1: 1: 0: 1
| group 4 = 0: 0: 0: 0: 0: 0: 0: 0: 0: 0: 0: 0: 0: 0

| colors = FireBrick : Orange : ForestGreen : LightBlue
| group names = Failure : Partial failure : Success : Planned
| units suffix = _launches
| x legends = 2008 :: 2010 ::::: 2015 ::::: 2020 :
}}


== Launches ==
== Launches ==
It made its maiden flight on 25 April 2008, at 15:35 [[Coordinated Universal Time|UTC]]. The payload for the first launch was the [[Tianlian I|Tianlian I-01]] [[Communications satellite|data relay communications satellite]]. The second carried the [[BeiDou|Compass-G2]] [[Satellite navigation|navigation satellite]] and was conducted on 14 April 2009. The third launch was made on 16 January 2010, with the [[BeiDou|Compass-G1]] satellite. The fourth carrying the [[BeiDou|Compass-G3]] navigation satellite was launched on 2 June 2010. On 1 October 2010, it successfully launched China's second lunar probe, [[Chang'e 2]].
It made its maiden flight on 25 April 2008, at 15:35 [[Coordinated Universal Time|UTC]]. The payload for the first launch was the [[Tianlian I|Tianlian I-01]] [[Communications satellite|data relay communications satellite]]. The second carried the [[BeiDou|Compass-G2]] [[Satellite navigation|navigation satellite]] and was conducted on 14 April 2009. The third launch was made on 16 January 2010, with the [[BeiDou|Compass-G1]] satellite. The fourth carrying the [[BeiDou|Compass-G3]] navigation satellite was launched on 2 June 2010. On 1 October 2010, it successfully launched China's second lunar probe, [[Chang'e 2]].


An enhanced version, named Long March 3C/E, debuted during the launch of [[Chang'e 5-T1]] on 23 October 2014.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Barbosa|first1=Rui C.|title=China launches lunar sample return test mission |url=http://www.nasaspaceflight.com/2014/10/china-lunar-sample-return-test-mission/|publisher=NASASpaceFlight.com|date=23 October 2014|access-date=10 August 2015}}</ref> On 30 March 2015, the [[Yuanzheng]] [[Multistage rocket|upper stage]] was used on top of a Long March 3C launch vehicle for the first time.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Barbosa|first1=Rui C.|title=Long March 3C in secretive launch with new Upper Stage |url=http://www.nasaspaceflight.com/2015/03/long-march-3c-launch-new-upper-stage/|publisher=NASASpaceFlight.com|date=30 March 2015|access-date=10 August 2015}}</ref>
An enhanced version, named Long March 3C/E, debuted during the launch of [[Chang'e 5-T1]] on 23 October 2014.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Barbosa|first1=Rui C.|title=China launches lunar sample return test mission|url=http://www.nasaspaceflight.com/2014/10/china-lunar-sample-return-test-mission/|publisher=NASASpaceFlight.com|date=23 October 2014|access-date=10 August 2015|archive-date=23 October 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141023233948/http://www.nasaspaceflight.com/2014/10/china-lunar-sample-return-test-mission/|url-status=live}}</ref> On 30 March 2015, the [[Yuanzheng]] [[Multistage rocket|upper stage]] was used on top of a Long March 3C launch vehicle for the first time.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Barbosa|first1=Rui C.|title=Long March 3C in secretive launch with new Upper Stage|url=http://www.nasaspaceflight.com/2015/03/long-march-3c-launch-new-upper-stage/|publisher=NASASpaceFlight.com|date=30 March 2015|access-date=10 August 2015|archive-date=2 April 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402104525/http://www.nasaspaceflight.com/2015/03/long-march-3c-launch-new-upper-stage/|url-status=live}}</ref>


== List of launches ==
== List of launches ==

Latest revision as of 12:26, 24 May 2024

Rendering of Long March 3C
FunctionLaunch vehicle
ManufacturerCALT
Country of originChina
Size
Height
  • 3C: 54.8 m (180 ft) [1]
  • 3C/E: 55.64 m (182.5 ft) [2]
Diameter3.35 m (11.0 ft) [1]
Mass345,000 kg (761,000 lb)
Stages3
Capacity
Payload to LEO
Mass3C: 8,000 kg (18,000 lb) [3]
3C/E: 8,000 kg (18,000 lb)[2]
Payload to GTO
Mass3C: 3,800 kg (8,400 lb) [4][5]
3C/E: 3,900 kg (8,600 lb)
Payload to HCO
Mass2,400 kg (5,300 lb) [4][5]
Associated rockets
FamilyLong March
Launch history
StatusActive
Launch sitesXSLC, LA-2 and LA-3
Total launches18
Success(es)18
First flight
  • 3C: 25 April 2008
  • 3C/E: 23 October 2014
Last flight
  • 3C: 1 February 2016
  • 3C/E: 6 July 2021
Type of passengers/cargo
Chang'e 2, Chang'e 5-T1
Boosters (3C)
No. boosters2
Height15.33 m (50.3 ft)
Diameter2.25 m (7 ft 5 in)
Propellant mass37,700 kg (83,100 lb)
Powered by1 YF-25
Maximum thrust740.4 kN (166,400 lbf)
Specific impulse2,556.2 m/s (8,386 ft/s)
Burn time127 seconds
PropellantN2O4 / UDMH
Boosters (3C/E)
No. boosters2
Height16.1 m (53 ft)
Diameter2.25 m (7 ft 5 in)
Propellant mass41,100 kg (90,600 lb)
Powered by1 YF-25
Maximum thrust740.4 kN (166,400 lbf)
Specific impulse2,556.2 m/s (8,386 ft/s)
Burn time140 seconds
PropellantN2O4 / UDMH
First stage (3C)
Height23.27 m (76.3 ft)
Diameter3.35 m (11.0 ft)
Propellant mass171,800 kg (378,800 lb)
Powered by4 YF-21C
Maximum thrust2,961.6 kN (665,800 lbf)
Specific impulse2,556.5 m/s (8,387 ft/s)
Burn time145 seconds
PropellantN2O4 / UDMH
First stage (3C/E)
Height24.76 m (81.2 ft)
Diameter3.35 m (11.0 ft)
Propellant mass186,200 kg (410,500 lb)
Powered by4 YF-21C
Maximum thrust2,961.6 kN (665,800 lbf)
Specific impulse2,556.5 m/s (8,387 ft/s)
Burn time158 seconds
PropellantN2O4 / UDMH
Second stage
Height12.92 m (42.4 ft)
Diameter3.35 m (11.0 ft)
Propellant mass49,400 kg (108,900 lb)
Powered by1 YF-24E (YF-22E (Main)
4 x YF-23C (Vernier))
Maximum thrust742 kN (167,000 lbf) (Main)
47.1 kN (10,600 lbf) (Vernier)
Specific impulse2,922.57 m/s (9,588.5 ft/s) (Main)
2,910.5 m/s (9,549 ft/s) (Vernier)
Burn time185 seconds
PropellantN2O4 / UDMH
Third stage
Height12.38 m (40.6 ft)
Diameter3.0 m (9.8 ft)
Propellant mass18,200 kg (40,100 lb)
Powered by2 × YF-75
Maximum thrust167.17 kN (37,580 lbf)
Specific impulse4,295 m/s (14,090 ft/s)
Burn time487 seconds
PropellantLH2 / LOX
Fourth stage (optional) – YZ-1
Powered by1 × YF-50D
Maximum thrust6.5 kN (1,500 lbf)
Specific impulse315.5 s (3.094 km/s)
PropellantN2O4 / UDMH
[edit on Wikidata]

The Long March 3C (simplified Chinese: 长征三号丙火箭; traditional Chinese: 長征三號丙火箭; pinyin: Chángzhēng Sānhào Bǐng Huǒjiàn), also known as the Changzheng 3C, CZ-3C and LM-3C, is a Chinese orbital launch vehicle. It is launched from Launch Complex 2 and 3 at the Xichang Satellite Launch Center (XSLC). A three-stage rocket with two strapon liquid rocket boosters, it is a member of the Long March 3 rocket family, and was derived from the Long March 3B. It was designed to fill a gap in payload capacities between the Long March 3A and 3B.

Launch Statistics

[edit]
1
2
3
4
2008
2010
2015
2020
  •   Failure
  •   Partial failure
  •   Success
  •   Planned

Launches

[edit]

It made its maiden flight on 25 April 2008, at 15:35 UTC. The payload for the first launch was the Tianlian I-01 data relay communications satellite. The second carried the Compass-G2 navigation satellite and was conducted on 14 April 2009. The third launch was made on 16 January 2010, with the Compass-G1 satellite. The fourth carrying the Compass-G3 navigation satellite was launched on 2 June 2010. On 1 October 2010, it successfully launched China's second lunar probe, Chang'e 2.

An enhanced version, named Long March 3C/E, debuted during the launch of Chang'e 5-T1 on 23 October 2014.[6] On 30 March 2015, the Yuanzheng upper stage was used on top of a Long March 3C launch vehicle for the first time.[7]

List of launches

[edit]
Main article: List of Long March launches
Flight number Serial number Date (UTC) Launch site Version Payload Orbit Result
1 Y1 25 April 2008
15:35 		XSLC, LA-2 3C Tianlian I-01 GTO Success
2 Y3 14 April 2009
16:16 		XSLC, LA-2 3C Compass-G2 GTO Success
3 Y2 16 January 2010
16:12 		XSLC, LA-2 3C Compass-G1 GTO Success
4 Y4 2 June 2010
15:53 		XSLC, LA-2 3C Compass-G3 GTO Success
5 Y7 1 October 2010
10:59 		XSLC, LA-2 3C Chang'e 2 LTO Success
6 Y5 31 October 2010
16:26 		XSLC, LA-2 3C Compass-G4 GTO Success
7 Y8 11 July 2011
15:41 		XSLC, LA-2 3C Tianlian I-02 GTO Success
8 Y6 24 February 2012
16:12 		XSLC, LA-2 3C Compass-G5 GTO Success
9 Y9 25 July 2012
15:43 		XSLC, LA-2 3C Tianlian I-03 GTO Success
10 Y10 25 October 2012
15:33 		XSLC, LA-2 3C Compass-G6 GTO Success
11 Y12 23 October 2014
18:00 		XSLC, LA-2 3C/E Chang'e 5-T1 LTO Success
12 Y11 30 March 2015
13:52 		XSLC, LA-2 3C / Yuanzheng BDS I1-S GSO Success
13 Y14 1 February 2016
07:29 		XSLC, LA-2 3C / Yuanzheng BDS M3-S MEO Success
14 Y15 12 June 2016
15:30 		XSLC, LA-3 3C/E Compass-G7 GTO Success
15 Y13 22 November 2016
15:24 		XSLC, LA-2 3C/E Tianlian I-04 GTO Success
16 Y17 24 December 2018
16:53 		XSLC, LA-3 3C/E TJS-3 GTO Success
17 Y16 17 May 2019
15:48 		XSLC, LA-2 3C/E Compass-G8 GTO Success
18 Y18 6 July 2021
15:53 		XSLC, LA-2 3C/E Tianlian I-05 GTO Success

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b Wade, Mark. "CZ-3C". Encyclopedia Astronautica. Archived from the original on 1 June 2008. Retrieved 26 April 2008.
  2. ^ a b "Long March 3C/E | Tianlian 1D". Archived from the original on 28 January 2021. Retrieved 21 January 2021.
  3. ^ "Long March 3C | Chang'e 2". Archived from the original on 3 February 2021. Retrieved 21 January 2021.
  4. ^ a b "LM-3A Series Launch Vehicle User's Manual - Issue 2011" (PDF). China Great Wall Industries Corporation. Archived (PDF) from the original on 20 December 2016. Retrieved 9 August 2015.
  5. ^ a b Gunter Krebs. "CZ-3C (Chang Zheng-3C)". Gunter's Space Page. Archived from the original on 28 November 2016. Retrieved 26 April 2008.
  6. ^ Barbosa, Rui C. (23 October 2014). "China launches lunar sample return test mission". NASASpaceFlight.com. Archived from the original on 23 October 2014. Retrieved 10 August 2015.
  7. ^ Barbosa, Rui C. (30 March 2015). "Long March 3C in secretive launch with new Upper Stage". NASASpaceFlight.com. Archived from the original on 2 April 2015. Retrieved 10 August 2015.
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