Apauruṣeyā: Difference between revisions

Samkhya	Kapila;
Yoga	Patanjali;
Vaisheshika	Kaṇāda, Prashastapada;
Secular	Valluvar;

Browse history interactively

← Previous edit

Content deleted Content added

VisualWikitext

Inline

Latest revision as of 12:55, 26 May 2024

Apaurusheya (Sanskrit: अपौरुषेय, apauruṣeya, lit. means "not of a man"), meaning "not of human"^[1] or "impersonal, authorless", is a term used to describe the Vedas, the earliest scripture in Hinduism.^[2]^[3]

Apaurusheya shabda ("impersonal words, authorless") is an extension of apaurusheya which refers to the Vedas and numerous other texts in Hinduism.^[2]^[4]

Apaurusheya is a central concept in the Vedanta and Mimamsa schools of Hindu philosophy. These schools accept the Vedas as svatah pramana ("self-evident means of knowledge"). The Mimamsa school asserts that since the Vedas are composed of words (shabda) and the words are composed of phonemes, the phonemes being eternal, the Vedas are also eternal.^{[citation needed]} To this, if asked whether all words and sentences are eternal, the Mimamsa philosophers reply that the rules behind combination of phonemes are fixed and predetermined for the Vedas, unlike other words and sentences. The Vedanta school also accepts this line of argument.^{[citation needed]}

References

^ Vaman Shivaram Apte, The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary, see apauruSeya
^ ^a ^b D Sharma, Classical Indian Philosophy: A Reader, Columbia University Press, ISBN , pages 196-197
^ Jan Westerhoff (2009), Nagarjuna's Madhyamaka: A Philosophical Introduction, Oxford University Press, ISBN 978-0195384963, page 290
^ Warren Lee Todd (2013), The Ethics of Śaṅkara and Śāntideva: A Selfless Response to an Illusory World, ISBN 978-1409466819, page 128

This Hindu philosophy–related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.

[1] Vaman Shivaram Apte, The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary, see apauruSeya

[ds-2] D Sharma, Classical Indian Philosophy: A Reader, Columbia University Press, ISBN , pages 196-197

[3] Jan Westerhoff (2009), Nagarjuna's Madhyamaka: A Philosophical Introduction, Oxford University Press, ISBN 978-0195384963, page 290

[4] Warren Lee Todd (2013), The Ethics of Śaṅkara and Śāntideva: A Selfless Response to an Illusory World, ISBN 978-1409466819, page 128

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
+{{short description|Term used to describe the Vedas, the earliest scripture in Hinduism, meaning 'superhuman'}}
 {{Hindu philosophy}}
+'''Apaurusheya''' ([[Sanskrit]]: अपौरुषेय, {{IAST|apauruṣeya}}, lit. means "not of a man"), meaning "not of human"<ref>Vaman Shivaram Apte, [http://www.aa.tufs.ac.jp/~tjun/sktdic/ ''The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary''], see apauruSeya</ref> or "impersonal, authorless", is a term used to describe the [[Vedas]], the earliest [[Hindu scripture|scripture]] in [[Hinduism]].<ref name=ds>D Sharma, Classical Indian Philosophy: A Reader, Columbia University Press, ISBN , pages 196-197</ref><ref>Jan Westerhoff (2009), Nagarjuna's Madhyamaka: A Philosophical Introduction, Oxford University Press, {{ISBN|978-0195384963}}, page 290</ref>
-{{merge|shruti}}
-In [[Hinduism]], '''Apaurusheyatva''' ([[IAST]]: {{IAST|Apauruṣeya}}), [[Sanskrit]], "being unauthored", is used to describe the [[Vedas]], the main [[Hindu scripture|scripture]] in [[Hinduism]]. This implies that the Vedas are not authored by any agency, be it human or divine. ''Apaurusheya shabda'' ("unauthored word") is an extension of ''apaurusheya'' which refers to the Vedas.
+''Apaurusheya shabda'' ("impersonal words, authorless") is an extension of ''apaurusheya'' which refers to the Vedas and numerous other texts in Hinduism.<ref name=ds/><ref>Warren Lee Todd (2013), The Ethics of Śaṅkara and Śāntideva: A Selfless Response to an Illusory World, {{ISBN|978-1409466819}}, page 128</ref>
-''Apaurusheyatva'' is a central concept in the [[Vedanta]] and [[Mimamsa]] schools of [[Hindu philosophy]]. These schools accept the ''Vedas'' as ''svatah pramana'' ("self-evident [[pramana|means of knowledge]]"). These schools accept that the Vedas were "heard" by the [[Rishi]]s. The Mimamsa school asserts that since the Vedas are composed of words ([[shabda]]) and the words  are composed of [[varna (phoneme)|phonemes]], the phonemes being eternal, the Vedas are also eternal. To this, if asked whether all words and sentences are eternal, the Mimamsa philosophers reply that the rules behind combination of phonemes are fixed and pre-determined for the Vedas, unlike other words and sentences. The Vedanta school also accepts this line of argument.
+''Apaurusheya'' is a central concept in the [[Vedanta]] and [[Mimamsa]] schools of [[Hindu philosophy]]. These schools accept the ''[[Vedas]]'' as ''svatah pramana'' ("self-evident [[pramana|means of knowledge]]"). The Mimamsa school asserts that since the Vedas are composed of words ([[shabda]]) and the words  are composed of [[varna (phoneme)|phonemes]], the phonemes being eternal, the Vedas are also eternal.{{cn|date=January 2015}} To this, if asked whether all words and sentences are eternal, the Mimamsa philosophers reply that the rules behind combination of phonemes are fixed and predetermined for the Vedas, unlike other words and sentences. The Vedanta school also accepts this line of argument.{{cn|date=January 2015}}
 ==See also==
-*[[shruti]]
+*[[Sruti]]
-*[[acheiropoeia]]
+*[[Acheiropoieta]]
-*[[revelation]]
+*[[Revelation]]
-*[[shabda]]
+*[[Shabda]]
-==External links==
+==References==
+{{Reflist}}
-*[http://www.dvaita.net/pdf/papers/veda.pdf Vedâpauruseyatva] An overview of the concept, by Prof. D. Prahladachar, presented with the author's permission. 58855 bytes. (PDF)
-{{Hindu-philo-stub}}
+{{Indian philosophy}}
+{{DEFAULTSORT:Apaurusheya}}
 [[Category:Hindu philosophical concepts]]
+{{Hindu-philo-stub}}