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* [[English monarch|Monarch]] – [[Edward VI]] (until 6 July 1553), [[Lady Jane Grey|Jane]] (disputed, 6 July to 19 July 1553), [[Mary I of England|Mary I]] (starting 19 July 1553, until 17 November 1558) and [[Philip II of Spain|Philip]] (starting 25 July 1554, until 17 November 1558), then [[Elizabeth I]]
* [[English monarch|Monarch]] – [[Edward VI]] (until 6 July 1553), [[Lady Jane Grey|Jane]] (disputed, 6 July to 19 July 1553), [[Mary I of England|Mary I]] (starting 19 July 1553, until 17 November 1558) and [[Philip II of Spain|Philip]] (starting 25 July 1554, until 17 November 1558), then [[Elizabeth I]]
* [[Regent]] – [[John Dudley, 1st Duke of Northumberland]] (starting 2 February 1550, until 19 July 1553)
* [[Regent]] – [[John Dudley, 1st Duke of Northumberland]] (starting 2 February 1550, until 19 July 1553)
* [[Parliament of England|Parliament]] – [[1st Parliament of King Edward VI|1st of King Edward VI]] (until 15 April 1552), [[2nd Parliament of King Edward VI|2nd of King Edward VI]] (starting 1 March, until 31 March 1553), [[1st Parliament of Queen Mary I|1st of Queen Mary I]] (starting 5 October, until 5 December 1553), [[2nd Parliament of Queen Mary I|2nd of Queen Mary I]] (starting 2 April, until 3 May 1554), [[3rd Parliament of Queen Mary I|3rd of Queen Mary I]] (starting 12 November 1554, until 16 January 1555), [[4th Parliament of Queen Mary I|4th of Queen Mary I]] (starting 21 October, until 9 December 1555), [[5th Parliament of Queen Mary I|5th of Queen Mary I]] (starting 20 January, until 17 November 1558), [[1st Parliament of Queen Elizabeth I|1st of Queen Elizabeth I]] (starting 23 January, until 8 May 1559)


==Events==
==Events==
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** 11 October – [[John Dudley, 1st Duke of Northumberland|John Dudley, Earl of Warwick]], ''de facto'' [[Lord Protector]] of England, is created [[Duke of Northumberland]].
** 11 October – [[John Dudley, 1st Duke of Northumberland|John Dudley, Earl of Warwick]], ''de facto'' [[Lord Protector]] of England, is created [[Duke of Northumberland]].
** [[St Thomas' Hospital]] is re-established on its former site in [[Southwark]] by the [[Corporation of London]], taken as the founding date for [[St Thomas's Hospital Medical School]].
** [[St Thomas' Hospital]] is re-established on its former site in [[Southwark]] by the [[Corporation of London]], taken as the founding date for [[St Thomas's Hospital Medical School]].
** [[Silver coin|Silver]] [[Sixpence (British coin)|sixpence]] and [[Crown (British coin)|6crown]] first minted.<ref>{{cite book|first=Stephen|last=Friar|title=The Sutton Companion to Local History|edition=rev.|location=Stroud|publisher=Sutton Publishing|year=2001|isbn=0-7509-2723-2|page=93}}</ref>
** [[Silver coin|Silver]] [[Sixpence (British coin)|sixpence]] and [[Crown (British coin)|crown]] first minted.<ref>{{cite book|first=Stephen|last=Friar|title=The Sutton Companion to Local History|edition=rev.|location=Stroud|publisher=Sutton Publishing|year=2001|isbn=0-7509-2723-2|page=93}}</ref>
* '''1552'''
* '''1552'''
** January – [[Act of Uniformity 1552|Act of Uniformity]] imposes the Second [[Book of Common Prayer]]<ref name=CBH/> (with effect from March). Parish priests are to give instruction in the [[catechism]] every Sunday afternoon.<ref>{{cite book|authorlink=Nicholas Orme|first=Nicholas|last=Orme|year=2001|title=[[Medieval Children]]|location=New Haven|publisher=Yale University Press|isbn=0-300-08541-9|page=201}}</ref>
** January – [[Act of Uniformity 1552|Act of Uniformity]] imposes the Second [[Book of Common Prayer]]<ref name=CBH/> (with effect from March). Parish priests are to give instruction in the [[catechism]] every Sunday afternoon.<ref>{{cite book|authorlink=Nicholas Orme|first=Nicholas|last=Orme|year=2001|title=[[Medieval Children]]|location=New Haven|publisher=Yale University Press|isbn=0-300-08541-9|page=201}}</ref>
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** 25 May – [[Lady Jane Grey]] is married to [[Lord Guildford Dudley]], son of the [[John Dudley, 1st Duke of Northumberland|Duke of Northumberland]], in an elaborate ceremony at [[Durham House, London]], in which her two sisters are also married. The bride and groom are both aged around 15 or 16.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Loades|first=David|author-link=David Loades|title=John Dudley Duke of Northumberland 1504–1553|year=1996|publisher=Clarendon Press|place=Oxford|isbn=0-19-820193-1}}</ref>
** 25 May – [[Lady Jane Grey]] is married to [[Lord Guildford Dudley]], son of the [[John Dudley, 1st Duke of Northumberland|Duke of Northumberland]], in an elaborate ceremony at [[Durham House, London]], in which her two sisters are also married. The bride and groom are both aged around 15 or 16.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Loades|first=David|author-link=David Loades|title=John Dudley Duke of Northumberland 1504–1553|year=1996|publisher=Clarendon Press|place=Oxford|isbn=0-19-820193-1}}</ref>
** 16 June – [[Edward VI of England|King Edward]] founds [[Christ's Hospital]] for London [[orphan]]s.<ref name=CBH/>
** 16 June – [[Edward VI of England|King Edward]] founds [[Christ's Hospital]] for London [[orphan]]s.<ref name=CBH/>
** 21 June – King Edward, having no male heir, nominates [[Lady Jane Grey]] as his successor (without her knowledge).<ref name=CBH/>
** 21 June – King Edward, having no male heir or brother, nominates [[Lady Jane Grey]] as his successor (without her knowledge).<ref name=CBH/>
** 6 July – King Edward VI dies aged 15, probably of [[tuberculosis]], at the [[Palace of Placentia]] ([[Greenwich]]).<ref name="Pocket On This Day">{{cite book|title=Penguin Pocket On This Day|publisher=Penguin Reference Library|isbn=0-14-102715-0|year=2006}}</ref>
** 6 July – King Edward VI dies aged 15, probably of [[tuberculosis]], at the [[Palace of Placentia]] ([[Greenwich]]).<ref name="Pocket On This Day">{{cite book|title=Penguin Pocket On This Day|publisher=Penguin Reference Library|isbn=0-14-102715-0|year=2006}}</ref>
** 7 July – [[John Dudley, 1st Duke of Northumberland|Northumberland]] secures the [[Tower of London]] and other strategic locations against [[Mary I of England|Mary]].
** 7 July – [[John Dudley, 1st Duke of Northumberland|Northumberland]] secures the [[Tower of London]] and other strategic locations against [[Mary I of England|Mary]].
** 9 July – Lady Jane Grey is summoned by Northumberland to [[Sion House]] and informed for the first time that she is to be queen. On the same day, Mary writes from [[Kenninghall]] requiring the Privy Council to proclaim herself as queen.
** 9 July – Lady Jane Grey is summoned by Northumberland to [[Sion House]] and informed for the first time that she is to be queen. On the same day, Mary writes from [[Kenninghall]] requiring the Privy Council to proclaim herself as queen.
** 10 July – [[Lady Jane Grey]] is proclaimed Queen of England by the [[Privy Council of England|Privy Council]] and the proclamation is set into print. She refuses to make her husband king<ref>{{cite book|first=Eric|last=Ives|authorlink=Eric Ives|year=2009|title=Lady Jane Grey: A Tudor Mystery|publisher=Wiley-Blackwell|isbn=978-1-4051-9413-6}}</ref> and would be the country's first [[queen regnant]].<ref name="Cassell's Chronology"/>
** 10 July – [[Lady Jane Grey]] is proclaimed Queen of England by the [[Privy Council of England|Privy Council]] and the proclamation is set into print and sent around the country. She refuses to make her husband king<ref>{{cite book|first=Eric|last=Ives|authorlink=Eric Ives|year=2009|title=Lady Jane Grey: A Tudor Mystery|publisher=Wiley-Blackwell|isbn=978-1-4051-9413-6}}</ref> and would be the country's first [[queen regnant]].<ref name="Cassell's Chronology"/>
** 12 July – Mary arrives at [[Framlingham Castle]] where she gathers armed supporters.
** 12 July – Mary arrives at [[Framlingham Castle]] where she gathers armed supporters.
** c. 13 July – troops headed by Northumberland march from London to resist Mary, reaching Cambridge probably on 15 July.
** c. 13 July – troops headed by Northumberland march from London to resist Mary, reaching Cambridge probably on 15 July.
** 15 July – the naval fleet intended to blockade Mary's access to the East Anglian coast largely transfers its loyalty to her and she has the use of its ordnance.
** 15 July – the naval fleet intended to blockade Mary's access to the East Anglian coast largely transfers its loyalty to her and she has the use of its ordnance.
** 19 July – the Privy Council and [[Thomas White (merchant)|Thomas White]], [[Lord Mayor of London]], proclaim the Catholic [[Mary I of England|Queen Mary]] as the rightful Queen – Lady Jane Grey is imprisoned within the Tower after using the title of queen for nine days.<ref name=CBH/>
** 19 July – the Privy Council and [[Thomas White (merchant)|Thomas White]], [[Lord Mayor of London]], proclaim the Catholic [[Mary I of England|Queen Mary]] as the rightful Queen. Lady Jane Grey is imprisoned within the Tower after using the title of queen for nine days.<ref name=CBH/>
** 30 July – Mary is greeted at [[Wanstead]] on the approach to London by her half-sister [[Elizabeth I|Elizabeth]], who has ridden out from her new London residence, [[Somerset House]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.tudorsociety.com/30-july-1553-elizabeth-rides-greet-mary/|title=30 July 1553 – Elizabeth rides to greet Mary|date=2018-07-30|first=Claire|last=Ridgway|publisher=The Tudor Society|accessdate=2024-01-16}}</ref>
** 30 July – Mary is greeted at [[Wanstead]] on the approach to London by her half-sister [[Elizabeth I|Elizabeth]], who has ridden out from her new London residence, [[Somerset House]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.tudorsociety.com/30-july-1553-elizabeth-rides-greet-mary/|title=30 July 1553 – Elizabeth rides to greet Mary|date=2018-07-30|first=Claire|last=Ridgway|publisher=The Tudor Society|accessdate=2024-01-16}}</ref>
** 3 August – Mary rides triumphantly into London to claim the throne, accompaned by Elizabeth.<ref name=CBH/><ref>{{Cite book|last=Waller|first=Maureen|title=Sovereign Ladies: The Six Reigning Queens of England|date=2006|publisher=St. Martin's Press|isbn=0-312-33801-5|location=New York|ol=9516816M|pages=57–9}}</ref>
** 3 August – Mary rides triumphantly into London to claim the throne, accompanied by Elizabeth.<ref name=CBH/><ref>{{Cite book|last=Waller|first=Maureen|title=Sovereign Ladies: The Six Reigning Queens of England|date=2006|publisher=St. Martin's Press|isbn=0-312-33801-5|location=New York|ol=9516816M|pages=57–9}}</ref>
** 8 August – funeral of Edward VI at [[Westminster Abbey]].
** 8 August – funeral of Edward VI at [[Westminster Abbey]].
** 22 August – the [[John Dudley, 1st Duke of Northumberland|Duke of Northumberland]], who has promoted Lady Jane Grey's claim to the throne, is beheaded on [[Tower Hill]].<ref name=CBH/>
** 22 August – the [[John Dudley, 1st Duke of Northumberland|Duke of Northumberland]], who has promoted Lady Jane Grey's claim to the throne, is beheaded on [[Tower Hill]].<ref name=CBH/>
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** 17 March – Princess [[Elizabeth I of England|Elizabeth]] is imprisoned in the [[Tower of London]], suspected of involvement in Wyatt's rebellion.<ref name="Cassell's Chronology"/>
** 17 March – Princess [[Elizabeth I of England|Elizabeth]] is imprisoned in the [[Tower of London]], suspected of involvement in Wyatt's rebellion.<ref name="Cassell's Chronology"/>
** 21 May – a [[royal charter]] is granted to [[Derby School]].
** 21 May – a [[royal charter]] is granted to [[Derby School]].
** 25 July – the wedding of Queen Mary and Prince Philip of Spain, the only son of [[Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor]], at [[Winchester Cathedral]] under the terms of the [[Act for the Marriage of Queen Mary to Philip of Spain]].<ref name="Cassell's Chronology"/>
** 25 July – the wedding of Queen Mary and Prince Philip of Spain, the only son of [[Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor]] and her cousin, at [[Winchester Cathedral]] under the terms of the [[Act for the Marriage of Queen Mary to Philip of Spain]], which effectively makes them joint monarchs.<ref name="Cassell's Chronology"/>
** November – English captain [[John Lok]] voyages to [[Guinea]].<ref name=tts>{{cite book|first=Bernard|last=Grun|title=The Timetables of History|edition=3rd|location=New York|publisher=Simon & Schuster|year=1991|isbn=0-671-74919-6|page=[https://archive.org/details/timetablesofhist1991grun/page/245 245]|url-access=registration|url=https://archive.org/details/timetablesofhist1991grun}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=A general history and collection of voyages and travels|volume=7|first=Robert|last=Kerr|author-link=Robert Kerr (writer)|location=Edinburgh|publisher=Blackwood|year=1824|page=229|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=T-BCAAAAcAAJ&q=Lok+Guinea+1554&pg=PA229|access-date=2011-11-27}}</ref>
** November – English captain [[John Lok]] voyages to [[Guinea]].<ref name=tts>{{cite book|first=Bernard|last=Grun|title=The Timetables of History|edition=3rd|location=New York|publisher=Simon & Schuster|year=1991|isbn=0-671-74919-6|page=[https://archive.org/details/timetablesofhist1991grun/page/245 245]|url-access=registration|url=https://archive.org/details/timetablesofhist1991grun}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=A general history and collection of voyages and travels|volume=7|first=Robert|last=Kerr|author-link=Robert Kerr (writer)|location=Edinburgh|publisher=Blackwood|year=1824|page=229|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=T-BCAAAAcAAJ&q=Lok+Guinea+1554&pg=PA229|access-date=2011-11-27}}</ref>
** 30 November – England formally rejoins the [[Catholic Church|Roman Catholic Church]].<ref name=CBH/>
** 30 November – England formally rejoins the [[Catholic Church|Roman Catholic Church]].<ref name=CBH/>

Latest revision as of 13:38, 30 May 2024

1550s in England
Other decades
1530s | 1540s | 1550s | 1560s | 1570s

Events from the 1550s in England. This decade marks the beginning of the Elizabethan era.

Incumbents

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Events

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Births

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Deaths

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References

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  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p Palmer, Alan; Palmer, Veronica (1992). The Chronology of British History. London: Century Ltd. pp. 150–153. ISBN 0-7126-5616-2.
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r Williams, Hywel (2005). Cassell's Chronology of World History. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson. pp. 218–223. ISBN 0-304-35730-8.
  3. ^ Friar, Stephen (2001). The Sutton Companion to Local History (rev. ed.). Stroud: Sutton Publishing. p. 93. ISBN 0-7509-2723-2.
  4. ^ Orme, Nicholas (2001). Medieval Children. New Haven: Yale University Press. p. 201. ISBN 0-300-08541-9.
  5. ^ Loades, David (1996). John Dudley Duke of Northumberland 1504–1553. Oxford: Clarendon Press. ISBN 0-19-820193-1.
  6. ^ a b c Penguin Pocket On This Day. Penguin Reference Library. 2006. ISBN 0-14-102715-0.
  7. ^ Ives, Eric (2009). Lady Jane Grey: A Tudor Mystery. Wiley-Blackwell. ISBN 978-1-4051-9413-6.
  8. ^ Ridgway, Claire (2018-07-30). "30 July 1553 – Elizabeth rides to greet Mary". The Tudor Society. Retrieved 2024-01-16.
  9. ^ Waller, Maureen (2006). Sovereign Ladies: The Six Reigning Queens of England. New York: St. Martin's Press. pp. 57–9. ISBN 0-312-33801-5. OL 9516816M.
  10. ^ Grun, Bernard (1991). The Timetables of History (3rd ed.). New York: Simon & Schuster. p. 245. ISBN 0-671-74919-6.
  11. ^ Kerr, Robert (1824). A general history and collection of voyages and travels. Vol. 7. Edinburgh: Blackwood. p. 229. Retrieved 2011-11-27.
  12. ^ Fink, D. P. J. (1954). Queen Mary's Grammar School 1554–1954. Walsall: Queen Mary's Club.
  13. ^ Hadfield, Andrew (2004). "Eden, Richard (c.1520–1576)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/8454. Retrieved 2011-12-12. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
  14. ^ a b Creighton, Charles (1894). A History of Epidemics in Britain: From the extinction of plague to the present time. Cambridge University Press.
  15. ^ Thompson, Theophilus (1852). Annals of Influenza Or Epidemic Catarrhal Fever in Great Britain from 1510 to 1837. Sydenham Society. p. 101.
  16. ^ "Philip II of Spain". The Elizabeth Files. Retrieved 2024-01-19.
  17. ^ Grun, Bernard (1991). The Timetables of History (3rd ed.). New York: Simon & Schuster. p. 247. ISBN 0-671-74919-6.
  18. ^ Button, Henry G. (1976). The Guinness Book of the Business World. Enfield: Guinness Superlatives. p. 107. ISBN 0-900424-32-X.
  19. ^ "BBC - History - Historic Figures: Mary I (1516 - 1558)". www.bbc.co.uk. Retrieved 27 March 2019.
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