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{{Short description|Australian oncologist (1885–1974)}}
{{EngvarB|date=April 2017}}
{{EngvarB|date=April 2017}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2017}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2017}}
{{about|the Australian oncologist|the cancer centre commonly called The Peter Mac|Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre}}
⚫
'''Sir Peter MacCallum''' [[Military Cross|MC]] [[FRSE]] FRCPE (14 July 1885 &ndash; 4 March 1974) was a [[Scotland|Scottish]]-born [[Australia]]n [[oncology|oncologist]] and the co-founder and eponym of the [[Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre]] in [[Melbourne]]. <ref>{{cite web|title=Our History: About Sir Peter MacCallum|url=http://www.petermac.org/about-us/our-history|publisher=Peter Mac|accessdate=19 July 2014}}</ref>
{{distinguish|Peter McCallum}}
{{Infobox person
| honorific-prefix = Sir
| name = Peter MacCallum<!-- use common name/article title -->
| honorific-suffix = {{post-nominals|country=UK|size=100%|sep=,|MC|FRSE|FRCPE}}
| image = <!-- filename only, no "File:" or "Image:" prefix, and no enclosing [[brackets]] -->
| alt = <!-- descriptive text for use by speech synthesis (text-to-speech) software -->
| caption =
| birth_name = <!-- only use if different from name -->
| birth_date = {{birth date|1885|07|14|df=y}}<!-- {{Birth date and age|YYYY|MM|DD}} for living people supply only the year with {{Birth year and age|YYYY}} unless the exact date is already widely published, as per [[WP:DOB]]. For people who have died, use {{Birth date|YYYY|MM|DD}}. -->
| birth_place = [[Glasgow]], [[Scotland]]
| death_date = {{death date and age|1974|03|04|1885|07|14|df=y}}<!-- {{Death date and age|YYYY|MM|DD|YYYY|MM|DD}} (DEATH date then BIRTH date) -->
| death_place = {{VICcity|Kew}}, [[Melbourne]], [[Victoria, Australia|Victoria]], Australia
| nationality = [[Scotland|Scottish]]-born [[Australian people|Australian]]
| other_names =
| occupation = [[Oncologist]]
| years_active = 1924–1963
| known_for = {{bulleted list|Co-founder, [[Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre|Victorian Cancer Institute]] (1949)|Chairman, Anti-Cancer Council of Victoria (1946–1963)|Chairman, [[Australian Red Cross]] (1951–1957)}}
| notable_works =
| employer = [[University of Melbourne]]
| alma_mater = [[University of Edinburgh]]
| module =
| spouse = {{unbulleted list|{{marriage |[[Bella MacCallum|Bella Dytes McIntosh Cross]]|1919|1927|end=d.}}|{{marriage |Ursula Lillie Grace|1928|1941|end=d.}}|{{marriage |Frieda Maud Davies|1946|1953|end=d.}}}}
{{Infobox military person
| embed = yes
|allegiance = {{unbulleted list|{{UK|Army}} (WWI)|{{AUS|Army}} (WWII)}}
|branch = {{unbulleted list|[[Royal Army Medical Corps]] (WWI)|{{army|Australia}} (WWII)}}
|branch_label = Branch<!--"Branch" or "Service"-->
|serviceyears =
|serviceyears_label =
|rank = [[Lieutenant colonel (United Kingdom)|Lieutenant colonel]]
|rank_label = Rank
|servicenumber =
|unit =
|commands = [[Australian Army Medical Corps]] (WWII)
|battles = {{unbulleted list|[[World War I]]|[[World War II]]}}
|battles_label = Battles
|awards = [[Military Cross]]
|memorials =
}}
}}


⚫
Sir '''Peter MacCallum''' {{post-nominals|country=UK|sep=,|MC|FRSE|FRCPE}} (14 July 1885 – 4 March 1974) was a [[Scotland|Scottish]]-born [[Australian people|Australian]] [[oncology|oncologist]] and the co-founder and eponym of the [[Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre]] in [[Melbourne]].<ref name="PeterMacCentre">{{cite web|last=|first=|date=2020|title=Our history|url=https://www.petermac.org/about/our-history|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210121044118/https://www.petermac.org/about/our-history|archive-date=21 January 2021|access-date=1 June 2021|website=Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre|language=en}}</ref>
==Life==


==Background and early life==
⚫
Peter MacCallum was born in [[Glasgow]], [[Scotland]] on 14 July 1885.<ref name=adb>[http://adbonline.anu.edu.au/biogs/A150201b.htm Australian Dictionary of Biography]</ref> He was the son of Peter MacCallum, a New Zealander, living at Gairfield House in the [[Maryhill]] district of Glasgow.<ref>Glasgow Post Office Directory 1885-6</ref>


⚫
Peter MacCallum was born in [[Glasgow]], [[Scotland]] on 14 July 1885.<ref name=adb>{{cite AuDB|id=A150201b|title=MacCallum, Sir Peter (1885–1974)|accessdate=10 April 2018}}</ref> He was the son of Peter MacCallum, a New Zealander, living at Gairfield House in the [[Maryhill]] district of Glasgow.<ref>Glasgow Post Office Directory 1885-6</ref>
⚫
The family returned to [[New Zealand]] in his youth and he was raised in [[Christchurch]], his father's home town. He was sent to work at the age of 12. He was able to return to school and continued his entire education through a series of scholarships and part-time work, eventually obtaining his medical degree (MB ChB) back in Scotland at [[Edinburgh University]] in 1914, just in time to join the British Army in France.


⚫
The family returned to [[New Zealand]] in his youth and he was raised in [[Christchurch]], his father's home town. He was sent to work at the age of 12. He was able to return to school and continued his entire education through a series of scholarships and part-time work, including working his way back to the United Kingdom as a [[coal trimmer]]. He eventually obtained an [[MB ChB]] back in Scotland at the [[University of Edinburgh]] in 1914, just in time to join the [[British Army]] in France.<ref name=adb/>
⚫
During the [[First World War]] he was awarded the [[Military Cross]] and was twice mentioned in dispatches. In 1918, he was badly gassed, and perhaps it was a result of ill health that his post war career concentrated on pathology and research.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Guest|first1=J.S.|title=MacCallum, Sir Peter (1885–1974)|url=http://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/maccallum-sir-peter-10905|publisher=Australian Dictionary of Biography|accessdate=19 July 2014}}</ref>


== Career ==
In 1924, he was appointed to the Chair of Pathology at the University of Melbourne.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Guest|title=MacCallum, Sir Peter (1885–1974)|url=http://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/maccallum-sir-peter-10905|publisher=Australian Dictionary of Biography|accessdate=19 July 2014}}</ref> Typically, he soon directed his energy and concern to one of the greatest medical challenges, the fight against cancer.
⚫
During the [[First World War]] he was awarded the [[Military Cross]] and was twice mentioned in dispatches. In 1918, he was badly gassed, and perhaps it was a result of ill health that his postwar career concentrated on pathology and research.<ref name="adb" />


In 1924, he was appointed to the Chair of Pathology at the [[University of Melbourne]].<ref name="adb" /> Typically, he soon directed his energy and concern to one of the greatest medical challenges, the fight against cancer. In 1928, he was appointed to the royal commission into the [[Bundaberg tragedy]], chaired by [[Charles Kellaway]], which concluded that a diphtheria vaccine manufactured by [[Commonwealth Serum Laboratories]] had been contaminated with ''[[Staph. aureus]]''.<ref>{{cite journal|title=Bundaberg's Gethsemane: the tragedy of the inoculated children|first1=Harry|last1=Akers|first2=Suzette|last2=Porter|journal=Royal Historical Society of Queensland Journal|volume=20|number=7|year=2008|pages=261–278|url=https://espace.library.uq.edu.au/view/UQ:152716/UQ_PV_152716.pdf}}</ref>
⚫
In 1935 he was elected a Fellow of the [[Royal Society of Edinburgh]]. His proposers were [[Alexander Gray McKendrick]], [[William Frederick Harvey]], [[Thomas Jones Mackie]] and [[Alfred Joseph Clark]]. In the [[Second World War]] he served at the rank of Lieutenant Colonel as the Director of Pathology to the [[Australian Army Medical Corps]] and from 1941 was the chief co-ordinator of Australian medical personnel.<ref>{{cite book|title=BIOGRAPHICAL INDEX OF FORMER FELLOWS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY OF EDINBURGH 1783 – 2002|date=July 2006|publisher=The Royal Society of Edinburgh|isbn=0 902 198 84 X|url=https://www.royalsoced.org.uk/cms/files/fellows/biographical_index/fells_indexp2.pdf}}</ref>


⚫
In 1935 he was elected a Fellow of the [[Royal Society of Edinburgh]]. His proposers were [[Anderson Gray McKendrick]], [[William Frederick Harvey]], [[Thomas Jones Mackie]] and [[Alfred Joseph Clark]]. In the [[Second World War]] he served at the rank of [[Lieutenant colonel (United Kingdom)|Lieutenant colonel]] as the Director of Pathology to the [[Australian Army Medical Corps]] and from 1941 was the chief co-ordinator of Australian medical personnel.<ref name="The Royal Society of Edinburgh">{{cite book|title=Biographical Index of Former Fellows of the Royal Society of Edinburgh 1783–2002|date=July 2006|publisher=The Royal Society of Edinburgh|isbn=0-902-198-84-X|url=https://www.royalsoced.org.uk/cms/files/fellows/biographical_index/fells_indexp2.pdf|access-date=19 June 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304074135/https://www.royalsoced.org.uk/cms/files/fellows/biographical_index/fells_indexp2.pdf|archive-date=4 March 2016|url-status=dead}}</ref>
⚫
As Chairman of the Anti-Cancer Council of Victoria from 1946 to 1963,<ref>{{cite web|last1=Guest|title=MacCallum, Sir Peter (1885–1974)|url=http://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/maccallum-sir-peter-10905|publisher=Australian Dictionary of Biography|accessdate=19 July 2014}}</ref> he was influential in the formation of the Cancer Institute in 1949. The first outpatient clinic opened in 1950 bore his name and the institute was renamed the Peter MacCallum Cancer Institute - "The Peter Mac" - in his honour in 1986.


⚫
As Chairman of the Anti-Cancer Council of Victoria from 1946 to 1963,<ref name="adb" /> he was influential in the formation of the Victorian Cancer Institute in 1949. The first outpatient clinic opened in 1950 bore his name and the Institute was renamed as the Peter MacCallum Cancer Institute - "The Peter Mac" - in his honour in 1986.
MacCallum was Chairman of the [[Australian Red Cross]] from 1951 to 1957 and was [[Knight Bachelor|knighted]] by [[Elizabeth II]] in 1953.<ref>[http://www.itsanhonour.gov.au/honours/honour_roll/search.cfm?aus_award_id=1082888&search_type=simple&showInd=true It's an Honour: Knight Bachelor]</ref>


His vision created a cancer centre where humanity, caring service and relentless research share equal value. He believed that nothing but the best was good enough in the treatment of cancer. The Peter Mac is living testimony to his belief.
MacCallum was Chairman of the [[Australian Red Cross]] from 1951 to 1957 and was [[Knight Bachelor|knighted]] by [[Elizabeth II]] in 1953.<ref name="itsanhonour">{{Cite It's an Honour |ausawardid=1082888 |date=1 January 1953 |recipient=Prof Peter MACCALLUM |award=Knight Bachelor (Imperial) |postnominal= |citation=Dean of Medicine at the University of Melbourne |postscript= |accessdate=27 December 2019 }}</ref> MacCallum's vision created a cancer centre where humanity, caring service and relentless research share equal value. He believed that nothing but the best was good enough in the treatment of cancer. The Peter Mac is living testimony to his belief.{{citation needed|date=December 2019}}


== Personal life ==
⚫
Peter MacCallum died on 4 March 1974 at the age of 88.<ref name=adb/>


⚫
MacCallum was married and widowed three times. His first marriage in 1919 was to Bella Dytes McIntosh Cross (better known as [[Bella MacCallum]]) with whom he had three daughters.<ref name="Aussie Post obit">{{cite news|title=Social Notes|url=http://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/140731151|accessdate=31 March 2016|work=[[The Australasian]]|date=26 March 1927|page=54}}</ref> His second marriage in 1928 was to Ursula Lillie Grace (died 1941) and together they had a son. His third marriage was to Frieda Maud Davies (died 1953).<ref name="The Royal Society of Edinburgh"/>
==Family==


⚫
MacCallum died in [[Kew, Victoria|Kew]] on 4 March 1974 at the age of 88.<ref name=adb/>
⚫
He was married and widowed three times. His first marriage in 1919 was to Bella Dytes McIntosh Cross (better known as [[Bella MacCallum]]) and produced three daughters.<ref name="Aussie Post obit">{{cite news|title=Social Notes|url=http://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/140731151|accessdate=31 March 2016|work=[[The Australasian]]|date=26 March 1927|page=54}}</ref> His second marriage in 1928 was to Ursula Lillie Grace (d.1941) and produced one son. His third marriage was to Frieda Maud Davies (d.1953).<ref>{{cite book|title=BIOGRAPHICAL INDEX OF FORMER FELLOWS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY OF EDINBURGH 1783 – 2002|date=July 2006|publisher=The Royal Society of Edinburgh|isbn=0 902 198 84 X|url=https://www.royalsoced.org.uk/cms/files/fellows/biographical_index/fells_indexp2.pdf}}</ref>


==References==
==References==
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Maccallum, Peter}}
[[Category:1885 births]]
[[Category:1885 births]]
[[Category:1974 deaths]]
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[[Category:Australian Knights Bachelor]]
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[[Category:People from Glasgow]]
[[Category:Australian military personnel of World War I]]
[[Category:Australian military personnel of World War I]]
[[Category:British Army personnel of World War I]]
[[Category:British Army personnel of World War I]]
[[Category:Scottish emigrants to Australia]]
[[Category:Scottish emigrants to Australia]]
[[Category:People from Christchurch]]
[[Category:Medical doctors from Christchurch]]
[[Category:Australian Army personnel of World War II]]
[[Category:Royal Australian Army Medical Corps officers]]
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[[Category:Military personnel from Glasgow]]
[[Category:Military personnel from Christchurch]]

Latest revision as of 16:56, 31 May 2024

This article is about the Australian oncologist. For the cancer centre commonly called The Peter Mac, see Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre.
Not to be confused with Peter McCallum.
Sir
Peter MacCallum
MC, FRSE, FRCPE
Born(1885-07-14)14 July 1885
Glasgow, Scotland
Died4 March 1974(1974-03-04) (aged 88)
Kew, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
NationalityScottish-born Australian
Alma materUniversity of Edinburgh
OccupationOncologist
Years active1924–1963
EmployerUniversity of Melbourne
Known for
Spouses
  • ​
    ​
    (m. 1919; died 1927)​
  • Ursula Lillie Grace
    ​
    ​
    (m. 1928; died 1941)​
  • Frieda Maud Davies
    ​
    ​
    (m. 1946; died 1953)​
Military career
Allegiance
Branch
RankLieutenant colonel
CommandsAustralian Army Medical Corps (WWII)
Battles
AwardsMilitary Cross

Sir Peter MacCallum MC, FRSE, FRCPE (14 July 1885 – 4 March 1974) was a Scottish-born Australian oncologist and the co-founder and eponym of the Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre in Melbourne.[1]

Background and early life

[edit]

Peter MacCallum was born in Glasgow, Scotland on 14 July 1885.[2] He was the son of Peter MacCallum, a New Zealander, living at Gairfield House in the Maryhill district of Glasgow.[3]

The family returned to New Zealand in his youth and he was raised in Christchurch, his father's home town. He was sent to work at the age of 12. He was able to return to school and continued his entire education through a series of scholarships and part-time work, including working his way back to the United Kingdom as a coal trimmer. He eventually obtained an MB ChB back in Scotland at the University of Edinburgh in 1914, just in time to join the British Army in France.[2]

Career

[edit]

During the First World War he was awarded the Military Cross and was twice mentioned in dispatches. In 1918, he was badly gassed, and perhaps it was a result of ill health that his postwar career concentrated on pathology and research.[2]

In 1924, he was appointed to the Chair of Pathology at the University of Melbourne.[2] Typically, he soon directed his energy and concern to one of the greatest medical challenges, the fight against cancer. In 1928, he was appointed to the royal commission into the Bundaberg tragedy, chaired by Charles Kellaway, which concluded that a diphtheria vaccine manufactured by Commonwealth Serum Laboratories had been contaminated with Staph. aureus.[4]

In 1935 he was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society of Edinburgh. His proposers were Anderson Gray McKendrick, William Frederick Harvey, Thomas Jones Mackie and Alfred Joseph Clark. In the Second World War he served at the rank of Lieutenant colonel as the Director of Pathology to the Australian Army Medical Corps and from 1941 was the chief co-ordinator of Australian medical personnel.[5]

As Chairman of the Anti-Cancer Council of Victoria from 1946 to 1963,[2] he was influential in the formation of the Victorian Cancer Institute in 1949. The first outpatient clinic opened in 1950 bore his name and the Institute was renamed as the Peter MacCallum Cancer Institute - "The Peter Mac" - in his honour in 1986.

MacCallum was Chairman of the Australian Red Cross from 1951 to 1957 and was knighted by Elizabeth II in 1953.[6] MacCallum's vision created a cancer centre where humanity, caring service and relentless research share equal value. He believed that nothing but the best was good enough in the treatment of cancer. The Peter Mac is living testimony to his belief.[citation needed]

Personal life

[edit]

MacCallum was married and widowed three times. His first marriage in 1919 was to Bella Dytes McIntosh Cross (better known as Bella MacCallum) with whom he had three daughters.[7] His second marriage in 1928 was to Ursula Lillie Grace (died 1941) and together they had a son. His third marriage was to Frieda Maud Davies (died 1953).[5]

MacCallum died in Kew on 4 March 1974 at the age of 88.[2]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "Our history". Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre. 2020. Archived from the original on 21 January 2021. Retrieved 1 June 2021.
  2. ^ a b c d e f "MacCallum, Sir Peter (1885–1974)". Australian Dictionary of Biography. Canberra: National Centre of Biography, Australian National University. ISBN 978-0-522-84459-7. ISSN 1833-7538. OCLC 70677943. Retrieved 10 April 2018.
  3. ^ Glasgow Post Office Directory 1885-6
  4. ^ Akers, Harry; Porter, Suzette (2008). "Bundaberg's Gethsemane: the tragedy of the inoculated children" (PDF). Royal Historical Society of Queensland Journal. 20 (7): 261–278.
  5. ^ a b Biographical Index of Former Fellows of the Royal Society of Edinburgh 1783–2002 (PDF). The Royal Society of Edinburgh. July 2006. ISBN 0-902-198-84-X. Archived from the original (PDF) on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 19 June 2017.
  6. ^ "Knight Bachelor (Imperial) entry for Prof Peter MACCALLUM". Australian Honours Database. Canberra, Australia: Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet. 1 January 1953. Retrieved 27 December 2019. Dean of Medicine at the University of Melbourne
  7. ^ "Social Notes". The Australasian. 26 March 1927. p. 54. Retrieved 31 March 2016.
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