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A dock landing ship (also called landing ship, dock or LSD) is an amphibious warfare ship with a well dock to transport and launch landing craft and amphibious vehicles.^[1] Some ships with well decks, such as the Soviet Ivan Rogov class, also have bow doors to enable them to deliver vehicles directly onto a beach (like a tank landing ship). Modern dock landing ships also operate helicopters.

A ship with a well deck (docking well) can transfer cargo to landing craft in rougher seas far more easily than a ship which has to use cranes or a stern ramp.^[2] The U.S. Navy hull classification symbol for a ship with a well deck depends on its facilities for aircraft—a (modern) LSD has a helicopter deck, a landing platform dock also has a hangar, and a landing helicopter dock or landing helicopter assault has a full-length flight deck.^[2]

History

The LSD (U.S. Navy hull classification for landing ship, dock) came as a result of a British requirement during the Second World War for a vessel that could carry large landing craft across the seas at speed. The predecessor of all modern LSDs is Shinshū Maru of the Imperial Japanese Army, which could launch her infantry landing craft using an internal rail system and a stern ramp. She entered service in 1935 and saw combat in China and during the initial phase of Japanese offenses during 1942.

The first LSD of the Royal Navy came from a design by Sir Roland Baker who had designed the British landing craft tank. It was an answer to the problem of launching small craft rapidly. The landing ship stern chute, which was a converted train ferry (Train Ferry No. 1 which had been built for British Army use in the First World War), was an early attempt. Thirteen landing craft mechanized (LCM) could be launched from these ships down the chute. The landing ship gantry was a converted tanker with a crane to transfer its cargo of landing craft from deck to sea—15 LCM in a little over half an hour.^[3]

The design was developed and built in the U.S. for the U.S. Navy and the Royal Navy. The LSD could carry 36 LCM at 16 knots (30 km/h). It took one and a half hours for the dock to be flooded down and two and half to pump it out. When flooded they could also be used as docks for repairs to small craft. Smaller landing craft could be carried in the hold as could full-tracked and wheeled amphibious assault or support vehicles.

Vessels

In the U.S. Navy, two related groups of vessels classified as LSDs are in service as of 2023, the Whidbey Island and Harpers Ferry classes, mainly used to carry hovercraft (LCACs), operate helicopters, and carry Marines.^[4]

The British Royal Fleet Auxiliary (RFA) operates three Bay-class landing ships based on the Dutch-Spanish Enforcer design in support of the Royal Navy's operations, while a fourth ship of the class—previously in RFA service—is now operated by the Royal Australian Navy.

Former U.S. LSDs include the Ashland class, Casa Grande class, Thomaston class, and Anchorage class.

LSD classes

In service

Land	Class	In service	Commissioned	Length	Beam	Draft	Displacement (mt)	Note
Australien	Choules (L-100)	1	2011	176.6 m (579 ft)	26.4 m (87 ft)	5.8 m (19 ft)	17,810	Ex-RFA Largs Bay (L3006) sold to Royal Australian Navy in April 2011.
Taiwan	Hsu Hai (LSD-193)	1	2000	169 m (554 ft)	26.0 m (85.3 ft)	6.1 m (20 ft)	14,225	Ex-USS Pensacola (LSD-38) sold to Republic of China (Taiwan) Navy in 2000.
Russland	Ivan Gren	2	2016	120 m (390 ft)	16.0 m (52.5 ft)		6,600	Two more building to an improved design
Vereinigtes Königreich	Bay	3	2007	176.6 m (579 ft)	26.4 m (87 ft)	5.8 m (19 ft)	17,810
Vereinigte Staaten	Whidbey Island	6	1985	186 m (610 ft)	26.0 m (85.3 ft)	5.94 m (19.5 ft)	16,100
Vereinigte Staaten	Harpers Ferry	4	1995	185.80 m (609.6 ft)	26.0 m (85.3 ft)	5.94 m (19.5 ft)	19,600

Decommissioned

Land	Class	Out of service	Commissioned	Length	Beam	Draft	Displacement (mt)	Note
Argentinien	Cándido de Lasala (Q-43)	1	1970–1981	139.5 m (458 ft)	22.0 m (72.2 ft)	4.83 m (15.8 ft)	7,930	Ex-USS Gunston Hall (LSD-5) sold to Argentina in 1970, scrapped after 1981.
Brasilien	Ceará (G-30), Rio de Janeiro (G-31)	2	1990–2012	160 m (520 ft)	26.0 m (85.3 ft)	5.94 m (19.5 ft)	11,989	Ex-USS Hermitage (LSD-34) loaned in 1989 and later sold to Brazilian Navy, sunk as target 2021; ex-USS Alamo (LSD-33) loaned to Brazilian Navy in 1990, scrapped 2015 Turkey.
Taiwan	Chung Cheng (LSD-191)	1	1977–1985	139.5 m (458 ft)	22.0 m (72.2 ft)	4.83 m (15.8 ft)	7,930	Ex-USS White Marsh (LSD-8) loaned to the ROC Navy in 1960, scrapped 1985.
Taiwan	Chung Cheng (LSD-191)	1	1984–2012	139.5 m (458 ft)	22.0 m (72.2 ft)	4.83 m (15.8 ft)	7,930	Ex-USS Comstock (LSD-19) sold for scrapping 1984, salvaged by ROC Navy, sunk as artificial reef June 2015.
Soviet Union	Ivan Rogov	3	1978–2002	157 m (515 ft)	23.8 m (78 ft)	6.7 m (22 ft)	14,060	Ivan Rogov and Aleksandr Nikolayev are now being preserved; Mitrofan Moskalenko auctioned off for scrapping in 2012.^[5]
Vereinigte Staaten	Ashland	8	1943–1969	139.5 m (458 ft)	22.0 m (72.2 ft)	4.83 m (15.8 ft)	7,930	Ex-USS Gunston Hall (LSD-5) sold to Argentina; Ex-USS White Marsh (LSD-8) sold to Taiwan; rest scrapped from 1968 to 1970.
	Casa Grande	13	1944–1970	139.5 m (458 ft)	22.0 m (72.2 ft)	4.83 m (15.8 ft)	7,930	Last ship ex-USS Shadwell (LSD-15) scrapped in 2017.
	Thomaston	8	1954–1990	160 m (520 ft)	26.0 m (85.3 ft)	5.94 m (19.5 ft)	11,989	Ex-USS Alamo (LSD-33) loaned to Brazilian Navy; ex-USS Hermitage (LSD-34) loaned and later sold to Brazilian Navy; all other scrapped or sunk as target
	Anchorage	5	1969–2003	169 m (554 ft)	26.0 m (85.3 ft)	6.1 m (20 ft)	14,225	Ex-USS Pensacola (LSD-38) sold to Republic of China (Taiwan) Navy and only active ship with all others scrapped or sunk as target.
	Whidbey Island	2	1985–present	186 m (610 ft)	26.0 m (85.3 ft)	6.1 m (20 ft)	16,100	Whidbey Island and Fort McHenry in inactive reserve

References

^ "Mother of Minesweepers". Popular Mechanics: 97–104, see drawings pp. 98–99. February 1952.
^ ^a ^b "World Wide Landing Ship Dock/Landing Platform Dock". Retrieved 2012-05-17.
^ Brown 2006, p. 145
^ Petty, Dan. "The US Navy -- Fact File: Dock Landing Ship - LSD". Navy.mil. Retrieved 27 October 2018.
^ "Barentsobserver". Barentsobserver.com. Retrieved 27 October 2018.

Bibliography

Brown, D. K. (November 2006). Nelson to Vanguard. Annapolis, Maryland: US Naval Institute Press. ISBN 1-59114-602-X.

External links

US Navy Office of Information Fact File – LSD Archived 2011-03-11 at the Wayback Machine

[1] "Mother of Minesweepers". Popular Mechanics: 97–104, see drawings pp. 98–99. February 1952.

[gs-2] "World Wide Landing Ship Dock/Landing Platform Dock". Retrieved 2012-05-17.

[3] Brown 2006, p. 145

[4] Petty, Dan. "The US Navy -- Fact File: Dock Landing Ship - LSD". Navy.mil. Retrieved 27 October 2018.

[5] "Barentsobserver". Barentsobserver.com. Retrieved 27 October 2018.

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
+{{Short description|Type of amphibious warfare ship}}
-{{linkrot|date=October 2018}}
 [[File:USS Harpers Ferry (LSD 49).jpg|thumb|right|{{USS|Harpers Ferry|LSD-49|6}}, a [[United States Navy]] dock landing ship]]
 [[File:Quarter view of a Soviet Ivan Rogov class ship.JPEG|thumb|Soviet [[Ivan Rogov class landing ship|''Ivan Rogov''-class landing ship]]]]
-A '''dock landing ship''' (also called '''landing ship, dock''' or '''LSD''') is an [[amphibious warfare ship]] with a [[well dock]] to transport and launch [[landing craft]] and [[amphibious vehicle]]s.<ref>{{cite journal |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8dwDAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA97&dq=1954+Popular+Mechanics+January&hl=en&sa=X&ei=lYK0T7T1Es2dgQe5iMgH&ved=0CDoQ6AEwAjgy#v=onepage&q&f=true |title=Mother of Minesweepers|journal=Popular Mechanics|date=February 1952|pages=97–104, see drawings pp. 98–99}}</ref> Some ships with well decks, such as the Soviet [[Ivan Rogov class landing ship|Ivan Rogov class]], also have bow doors to enable them to deliver vehicles directly onto a beach (like a [[tank landing ship]]). Modern dock landing ships also operate helicopters.
+A '''dock landing ship''' (also called '''landing ship, dock''' or '''LSD''') is an [[amphibious warfare ship]] with a [[well dock]] to transport and launch [[landing craft]] and [[amphibious vehicle]]s.<ref>{{cite journal |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8dwDAAAAMBAJ&q=1954+Popular+Mechanics+January&pg=PA97 |title=Mother of Minesweepers|journal=Popular Mechanics|date=February 1952|pages=97–104, see drawings pp. 98–99}}</ref> Some ships with well decks, such as the Soviet [[Ivan Rogov class landing ship|Ivan Rogov class]], also have bow doors to enable them to deliver vehicles directly onto a beach (like a [[Landing Ship, Tank|tank landing ship]]). Modern dock landing ships also operate helicopters.
-A ship with a well deck (docking well) can transfer cargo to landing craft in rougher seas than a ship that has to use cranes or a stern ramp.<ref name="gs">
+A ship with a well deck (docking well) can transfer cargo to landing craft in rougher seas far more easily than a ship which has to use cranes or a stern ramp.<ref name="gs">
-{{cite web |url=http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/amphibious-dock.htm|title=World Wide Landing Ship Dock/Landing Platform Dock|accessdate=2012-05-17}}</ref> The [[US Navy hull classification symbol]] for a ship with a well deck depends on its [[naval aviation|facilities for aircraft]] – a (modern) LSD has a [[helicopter deck]], a LPD also has a hangar, and a [[Landing Helicopter Dock|LHD]] or [[Landing Helicopter Assault|LHA]] has a full-length flight deck.<ref name="gs"/>
+{{cite web |url=http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/amphibious-dock.htm|title=World Wide Landing Ship Dock/Landing Platform Dock|access-date=2012-05-17}}</ref> The U.S. Navy [[hull classification symbol]] for a ship with a well deck depends on its [[naval aviation|facilities for aircraft]]—a (modern) LSD has a [[helicopter deck]], a [[Amphibious transport dock|landing platform dock]] also has a hangar, and a [[landing helicopter dock]] or [[landing helicopter assault]] has a full-length [[flight deck]].<ref name="gs"/>
 ==History==
-The LSD ([[US Navy hull classification]] for landing ship, dock) came as a result of a British requirement during the [[World War II|Second World War]] for a vessel that could carry large landing craft across the seas at speed.
+The LSD ([[United States Navy|U.S. Navy]] [[Hull classification symbol|hull classification]] for landing ship, dock) came as a result of a British requirement during the [[World War II|Second World War]] for a vessel that could carry large landing craft across the seas at speed. The predecessor of all modern LSDs is {{ship|Japanese amphibious assault ship|Shinshū Maru||2}} of the [[Imperial Japanese Army]], which could launch her infantry landing craft using an internal rail system and a stern ramp. She entered service in 1935 and saw combat in China and during the initial phase of Japanese offenses during 1942.
+The first LSD of the [[Royal Navy]] came from a design by [[Roland Baker|Sir Roland Baker]] who had designed the British [[landing craft tank]]. It was an answer to the problem of launching small craft rapidly. The landing ship stern chute, which was a converted train ferry ([[SS Train Ferry No. 1|Train Ferry No. 1]] which had been built for British Army use in the [[World War I|First World War]]), was an early attempt. Thirteen [[Landing Craft Mechanized|landing craft mechanized]] (LCM) could be launched from these ships down the chute. The landing ship gantry was a converted [[Tanker (ship)|tanker]] with a crane to transfer its cargo of landing craft from deck to sea—15 LCM in a little over half an hour.<ref>{{Harvard citation no brackets|Brown|2006|p=145}}</ref>
-The predecessor of all modern LSDs is {{ship|Japanese amphibious assault ship|Shinshū Maru||2}} of the [[Imperial Japanese Army]], which could launch her infantry landing craft using an internal rail system and a stern ramp. She entered service in 1935 and saw combat in [[China]] and during the initial phase of Japanese offenses during 1942.
+The design was developed and built in the U.S. for the U.S. Navy and the Royal Navy. The LSD could carry 36 LCM at {{convert|16|kn|kph|lk=in}}. It took one and a half hours for the dock to be flooded down and two and half to pump it out. When flooded they could also be used as docks for repairs to small craft. Smaller landing craft could be carried in the hold as could full-tracked and wheeled amphibious assault or support vehicles.
-The first LSD of the [[Royal Navy]] came from a design by [[Roland Baker|Sir Roland Baker]] who had designed the British [[Landing Craft, Tank]]. It was an answer to the problem of launching small craft rapidly. The "Landing Ship Stern Chute", which was a converted train ferry, was an early attempt. Thirteen [[Landing Craft Mechanized]] (LCM) could be launched from these ships down the chute. The Landing Ship Gantry was a converted [[Tanker (ship)|tanker]] with a crane to transfer its cargo of landing craft from deck to sea – 15 LCM in a little over half an hour.<ref>{{harvnb|Brown|2006|p=145}}</ref>
-The design was developed and built in the US for the [[United States Navy|US Navy]] and the Royal Navy. The LSD could carry 36 LCM at {{convert|16|kn|kph|lk=in}}. It took one and a half hours for the dock to be flooded down and two and half to pump it out. When flooded they could also be used as docks for repairs to small craft.
 [[File:AAVs preparing to debark USS Gunston Hall (LSD 44).jpg|thumb|right|[[Amphibious vehicle]]s inside a US LSD]]
-[[File:Mounts Bay (L3008).jpg|thumb|right|A British {{sclass2-|Bay|landing ship|1}}]]
+[[File:Mounts Bay (L3008).jpg|thumb|right|A British {{sclass2|Bay|landing ship|1}}]]
-==Vessels of the LSD hull classification==
+==Vessels==
-In the [[United States Navy]], two related groups of vessels classified as LSDs are in service as of 2011, the {{sclass-|Whidbey Island|dock landing ship|5}} and {{sclass-|Harpers Ferry|dock landing ship|4}}es, mainly used to carry hovercraft ([[Landing Craft Air Cushion|LCAC]]s), operate helicopters, and carry [[United States Marine Corps|Marine]]s.<ref>[http://www.navy.mil/navydata/fact_display.asp?cid=4200&tid=1000&ct=4 US Navy Office of Information Fact File – LSD]</ref>
+In the U.S. Navy, two related groups of vessels classified as LSDs are in service as of 2023, the {{sclass|Whidbey Island|dock landing ship|5}} and {{sclass|Harpers Ferry|dock landing ship|4}}es, mainly used to carry hovercraft ([[Landing Craft Air Cushion|LCAC]]s), operate helicopters, and carry [[United States Marine Corps|Marine]]s.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.navy.mil/navydata/fact_display.asp?cid=4200&tid=1000&ct=4|title=The US Navy -- Fact File: Dock Landing Ship - LSD|first=Dan|last=Petty|website=Navy.mil|access-date=27 October 2018}}</ref>
-The British [[Royal Fleet Auxiliary]] (RFA) operates three {{sclass2-|Bay|landing ship|1}}s based on the Dutch-Spanish [[Enforcer (ship design)|Enforcer]] design in support of the Royal Navy's operations, while a fourth ship of the class – previously in RFA service – is now operated by the [[Royal Australian Navy]].
+The British [[Royal Fleet Auxiliary]] (RFA) operates three {{sclass2|Bay|landing ship|1}}s based on the Dutch-Spanish [[Enforcer (ship design)|Enforcer]] design in support of the Royal Navy's operations, while a fourth ship of the class—previously in RFA service—is now operated by the [[Royal Australian Navy]].
-Former US LSDs include the {{sclass-|Ashland|dock landing ship|4}}, {{sclass-|Casa Grande|dock landing ship|4}}, {{sclass-|Thomaston|dock landing ship|4}} and {{sclass-|Anchorage|dock landing ship|4}}.
+Former U.S. LSDs include the {{sclass|Ashland|dock landing ship|4}}, {{sclass|Casa Grande|dock landing ship|4}}, {{sclass|Thomaston|dock landing ship|4}}, and {{sclass|Anchorage|dock landing ship|4}}.
 ==LSD classes==
 ===In service===
 {|class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
@@ Line 42: / Line 39: @@
 !class="unsortable"|
 |-
-|style="text-align:left"|{{AUS}} || [[Bay-class landing ship|''Choules'']] || 1 || 2011 || {{convert|176.6|m|ft|abbr=on}} || {{convert|26.4|m|ft|abbr=on}} || {{convert|5.8|m|ft|abbr=on}} || 17,810 ||Ex-RFA ''Largs Bay'' (L3006) sold to Royal Australian Navy in April 2011, renamed HMAS ''Choules'' (L-100). || [[File:HMAS Choules starboard bow.jpg|150px]]
+|style="text-align:left"|{{AUS}} || [[Bay-class landing ship|''Choules'']]  (L-100) || 1 || 2011 || {{convert|176.6|m|ft|abbr=on}} || {{convert|26.4|m|ft|abbr=on}} || {{convert|5.8|m|ft|abbr=on}} || 17,810 ||Ex-RFA ''Largs Bay'' (L3006) sold to Royal Australian Navy in April 2011. || [[File:HMAS Choules starboard bow.jpg|150px]]
 |-
-|style="text-align:left"|{{BRA}} || [[Thomaston-class dock landing ship|''Ceará'']] || 1 || 1989 || {{convert|160|m|ft|abbr=on}} || {{convert|26.0|m|ft|abbr=on}} || {{convert|5.94|m|ft|abbr=on}} || 11,989 || In reserve, ex-USS ''Hermitage'' (LSD-34) loaned to Brazilian Navy in 1989, renamed ''Ceará'' (G30), sold to Brazilian Navy in 2001. ||[[File:USS Thomaston;10122801.jpg|150px]]
+|style="text-align:left"|{{TWN}} || [[Anchorage-class dock landing ship|''Hsu Hai'']] (LSD-193) || 1 || 2000 || {{convert|169|m|ft|abbr=on}} || {{convert|26.0|m|ft|abbr=on}} || {{convert|6.1|m|ft|abbr=on}} || 14,225 ||Ex-USS ''Pensacola'' (LSD-38) sold to Republic of China (Taiwan) Navy in 2000. || [[File:US Navy 030117-N-2069B-002 USS Anchorage (LSD 36) departs San Diego Bay.jpg|150px]]
 |-
-|style="text-align:left"|{{TWN}} || [[Anchorage-class dock landing ship|''Hsu Hai'']] || 1 || 2000 || {{convert|169|m|ft|abbr=on}} || {{convert|26.0|m|ft|abbr=on}} || {{convert|6.1|m|ft|abbr=on}} || 14,225 ||Ex-USS ''Pensacola'' (LSD-38) sold to Republic of China (Taiwan) Navy in 2000, renamed ROCS ''Hsu Hai'' (LSD-193). || [[File:US Navy 030117-N-2069B-002 USS Anchorage (LSD 36) departs San Diego Bay.jpg|150px]]
+|style="text-align:left"|{{RUS}} || [[Ivan Gren-class landing ship|''Ivan Gren'']] || 2 || 2016 || {{convert|120|m|ft|abbr=on}} || {{convert|16.0|m|ft|abbr=on}} || || 6,600 || Two more building to an improved design || [[File:Ivan Gren landing ship (1).jpg|150px]]
 |-
-|style="text-align:left"|{{RUS}} || [[Ivan Gren-class landing ship|''Ivan Gren'']] || 1 || 2016 || {{convert|120|m|ft|abbr=on}} || {{convert|16.0|m|ft|abbr=on}} || || 6,600 ||  A second one building || [[File:Ivan Gren landing ship (1).jpg|150px]]
+|style="text-align:left"|{{GBR}} || {{sclass2|Bay|landing ship|5}} || 3 || 2007 || {{convert|176.6|m|ft|abbr=on}} || {{convert|26.4|m|ft|abbr=on}} || {{convert|5.8|m|ft|abbr=on}} || 17,810 || || [[File:RFA Lyme Bay in Plymouth Sound.jpg|150px]]
 |-
-|style="text-align:left"|{{GBR}} || {{sclass2-|Bay|landing ship|5}} || 3 || 2007 || {{convert|176.6|m|ft|abbr=on}} || {{convert|26.4|m|ft|abbr=on}} || {{convert|5.8|m|ft|abbr=on}} || 17,810 || || [[File:RFA Lyme Bay in Plymouth Sound.jpg|150px]]
+|style="text-align:left" rowspan="2"| {{USA}} || {{sclass|Whidbey Island|dock landing ship|5}} || 6 || 1985 || {{convert|186|m|ft|abbr=on}} || {{convert|26.0|m|ft|abbr=on}} || {{convert|5.94|m|ft|abbr=on}} || 16,100 || || [[File:US Navy 050117-F-4884R-015 he amphibious dock landing ship USS Fort McHenry (LSD 43) makes a wide turn prior to conducting helicopter operations off the coast of the island of Sumatra, Indonesia.jpg|150px]]
 |-
-|style="text-align:left" rowspan="2"| {{USA}} || {{sclass-|Whidbey Island|dock landing ship|5}} || 8 || 1985 || {{convert|186|m|ft|abbr=on}} || {{convert|26.0|m|ft|abbr=on}} || {{convert|5.94|m|ft|abbr=on}} || 16,100 || || [[File:US Navy 050117-F-4884R-015 he amphibious dock landing ship USS Fort McHenry (LSD 43) makes a wide turn prior to conducting helicopter operations off the coast of the island of Sumatra, Indonesia.jpg|150px]]
+| {{sclass|Harpers Ferry|dock landing ship|5}} || 4 || 1995 || {{convert|185.80|m|ft|abbr=on}} || {{convert|26.0|m|ft|abbr=on}} || {{convert|5.94|m|ft|abbr=on}} || 19,600 || ||[[File:US Navy 071007-N-4014G-055 Dock landing ship USS Carter Hall (LSD 50) approaches Military Sealift Command fleet replenishment oiler USNS Tippecanoe (T-AO 199) for an underway replenishment.jpg|150px]]
-|-
-| {{sclass-|Harpers Ferry|dock landing ship|5}} || 4 || 1995 || {{convert|185.80|m|ft|abbr=on}} || {{convert|26.0|m|ft|abbr=on}} || {{convert|5.94|m|ft|abbr=on}} || 19,600 || ||[[File:US Navy 071007-N-4014G-055 Dock landing ship USS Carter Hall (LSD 50) approaches Military Sealift Command fleet replenishment oiler USNS Tippecanoe (T-AO 199) for an underway replenishment.jpg|150px]]
 |}
@@ Line 61: / Line 56: @@
 ! Country
 ! Class
-! In service
+! Out of service
 ! Commissioned
 ! Length
@@ Line 70: / Line 65: @@
 !class="unsortable"|
 |-
-|style="text-align:left"|{{ARG}} || [[Ashland-class dock landing ship|''Cándido de Lasala '']] || 1 || 1970–1981 || {{convert|139.5|m|ft|abbr=on}} || {{convert|22.0|m|ft|abbr=on}} || {{convert|4.83|m|ft|abbr=on}} || 7,930 || Ex-USS ''Gunston Hall'' (LSD-5) sold to Argentina in 1970 and renamed  ARA ''Cándido de Lasala'' (Q-43), scrapped after 1981. || [[File:ARACandidodeLasalaQ43.jpg|150px]]
+|style="text-align:left"|{{ARG}} || [[Ashland-class dock landing ship|''Cándido de Lasala '']] (Q-43) || 1 || 1970–1981 || {{convert|139.5|m|ft|abbr=on}} || {{convert|22.0|m|ft|abbr=on}} || {{convert|4.83|m|ft|abbr=on}} || 7,930 || Ex-USS ''Gunston Hall'' (LSD-5) sold to Argentina in 1970, scrapped after 1981. || [[File:ARACandidodeLasalaQ43.jpg|150px]]
+|-
+|style="text-align:left"|{{BRA}} || [[Thomaston-class dock landing ship| ''Ceará'' (G-30), ''Rio de Janeiro'' (G-31)]]  || 2 || 1990–2012 || {{convert|160|m|ft|abbr=on}} || {{convert|26.0|m|ft|abbr=on}} || {{convert|5.94|m|ft|abbr=on}} || 11,989 ||Ex-USS ''Hermitage'' (LSD-34) loaned in 1989 and later sold to Brazilian Navy, sunk as target 2021; ex-USS ''Alamo'' (LSD-33) loaned to Brazilian Navy in 1990, scrapped 2015 Turkey. || [[File:NDD Rio de Janeiro (G-31).jpg|150px]]
 |-
-|style="text-align:left"|{{BRA}} || [[Thomaston-class dock landing ship|''Rio de Janeiro'']] || 1 || 1990–2012 || {{convert|160|m|ft|abbr=on}} || {{convert|26.0|m|ft|abbr=on}} || {{convert|5.94|m|ft|abbr=on}} || 11,989 ||Ex-USS ''Alamo'' (LSD-33) loaned to Brazilian Navy in 1990, renamed  ''Rio de Janeiro'' (G31). || [[File:NDD Rio de Janeiro (G-31).jpg|150px]]
+|style="text-align:left" rowspan="2"|{{TWN}} || [[Ashland-class dock landing ship|''Chung Cheng'']] (LSD-191) || 1 || 1977–1985 || {{convert|139.5|m|ft|abbr=on}} || {{convert|22.0|m|ft|abbr=on}} || {{convert|4.83|m|ft|abbr=on}} || 7,930 || Ex-USS ''White Marsh'' (LSD-8) loaned to the ROC Navy in 1960, scrapped 1985. ||
 |-
-|style="text-align:left" rowspan="2"|{{ROC}} || [[Ashland-class dock landing ship|''Chung Cheng'']] || 1 || 1977–1985 || {{convert|139.5|m|ft|abbr=on}} || {{convert|22.0|m|ft|abbr=on}} || {{convert|4.83|m|ft|abbr=on}} || 7,930 || Ex-USS ''White Marsh'' (LSD-8) loaned to the ROC Navy in 1960 and renamed ROCS ''Chung Cheng'' (LSD-191), scrapped 1985. ||
+| [[Casa Grande-class dock landing ship|''Chung Cheng'']] (LSD-191) || 1 || 1984–2012 || {{convert|139.5|m|ft|abbr=on}} || {{convert|22.0|m|ft|abbr=on}} || {{convert|4.83|m|ft|abbr=on}} || 7,930 || Ex-USS ''Comstock'' (LSD-19) sold for scrapping 1984, salvaged by ROC Navy, sunk as artificial reef June 2015. || [[File:USS Comstock (LSD-19) underway off Korea 1951.jpg|150px]]
 |-
-| [[Casa Grande-class dock landing ship|''Chung Cheng'']] || 1 || 1984–2012 || {{convert|139.5|m|ft|abbr=on}} || {{convert|22.0|m|ft|abbr=on}} || {{convert|4.83|m|ft|abbr=on}} || 7,930 || Ex-USS ''Comstock'' (LSD-19) sold for scrapping on 17 October 1984 by MARAD, salvage by ROC Navy and commissioned in 1984, renamed ROCS ''Chung Cheng'' (LSD-191). || [[File:USS Comstock (LSD-19) underway off Korea 1951.jpg|150px]]
+|style="text-align:left"| {{URS}} || {{sclass|Ivan Rogov|landing ship|5}} || 3 || 1978–2002 || {{convert|157|m|ft|abbr=on}} || {{convert|23.8|m|ft|abbr=on}} || {{convert|6.7|m|ft|abbr=on}} || 14,060 || ''Ivan Rogov'' and ''Aleksandr Nikolayev'' are now being preserved; ''Mitrofan Moskalenko'' auctioned off for scrapping in 2012.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://barentsobserver.com/en/security/landing-ship-be-scrapped-11-09|title=Barentsobserver|website=Barentsobserver.com|access-date=27 October 2018}}</ref> || [[File:DoD-Ivan Rogov-DN-SN-85-07169 50pct.jpg|150px]]
 |-
-|style="text-align:left"| {{USSR}} || {{sclass-|Ivan Rogov|landing ship|5}} || 3 || 1978–2002 || {{convert|157|m|ft|abbr=on}} || {{convert|23.8|m|ft|abbr=on}} || {{convert|6.7|m|ft|abbr=on}} || 14,060 || ''Ivan Rogov'' and ''Aleksandr Nikolayev'' are now being preserved; ''Mitrofan Moskalenko'' was being auctioned off for scrapping in 2012.<ref>[http://barentsobserver.com/en/security/landing-ship-be-scrapped-11-09]</ref> || [[File:DoD-Ivan Rogov-DN-SN-85-07169 50pct.jpg|150px]]
+|style="text-align:left" rowspan="5"| {{USA}} || {{sclass|Ashland|dock landing ship|5}} || 8 || 1943–1969 ||{{convert|139.5|m|ft|abbr=on}} || {{convert|22.0|m|ft|abbr=on}} || {{convert|4.83|m|ft|abbr=on}} || 7,930 || Ex-USS ''Gunston Hall'' (LSD-5) sold to Argentina; Ex-USS ''White Marsh'' (LSD-8) sold to Taiwan; rest scrapped from 1968 to 1970.|| [[File:USS Lindenwald (LSD-6) underway in Hampton Roads 1965.jpg|150px]]
 |-
-|style="text-align:left" rowspan="4"| {{USA}} || {{sclass-|Ashland|dock landing ship|5}} || 8 || 1943–1969 ||{{convert|139.5|m|ft|abbr=on}} || {{convert|22.0|m|ft|abbr=on}} || {{convert|4.83|m|ft|abbr=on}} || 7,930 || Ex-USS ''Gunston Hall'' (LSD-5) sold to Argentina and scrapped after 1981 and Ex-USS ''White Marsh'' (LSD-8) sold to Taiwan and scrapped 1985; rest scrapped from 1968 to 1970.|| [[File:USS Lindenwald (LSD-6) underway in Hampton Roads 1965.jpg|150px]]
+| {{sclass|Casa Grande|dock landing ship|5}} || 13 || 1944–1970 || {{convert|139.5|m|ft|abbr=on}} || {{convert|22.0|m|ft|abbr=on}} || {{convert|4.83|m|ft|abbr=on}} || 7,930 || Last ship ex-USS ''Shadwell'' (LSD-15) scrapped in 2017. || [[File:USS Comstock (LSD-19) underway off Korea 1951.jpg|150px]]
 |-
-| {{sclass-|Casa Grande|dock landing ship|5}} || 13 || 1944–1970 || {{convert|139.5|m|ft|abbr=on}} || {{convert|22.0|m|ft|abbr=on}} || {{convert|4.83|m|ft|abbr=on}} || 7,930 || Ex-USS ''Shadwell'' (LSD-15) is only ship in the class still exist and it is still in use as a test and training platform in the development of fire models and other damage and control systems, most others scrapped or sunk as target. || [[File:USS Comstock (LSD-19) underway off Korea 1951.jpg|150px]]
+| {{sclass|Thomaston|dock landing ship|5}} || 8 || 1954–1990 || {{convert|160|m|ft|abbr=on}} || {{convert|26.0|m|ft|abbr=on}} || {{convert|5.94|m|ft|abbr=on}} || 11,989 ||Ex-USS ''Alamo'' (LSD-33) loaned to Brazilian Navy; ex-USS ''Hermitage'' (LSD-34) loaned and later sold to Brazilian Navy; all other scrapped or sunk as target || [[File:USS Thomaston;10122801.jpg|150px]]
 |-
-| {{sclass-|Thomaston|dock landing ship|5}} || 7 || 1954–1990 || {{convert|160|m|ft|abbr=on}} || {{convert|26.0|m|ft|abbr=on}} || {{convert|5.94|m|ft|abbr=on}} || 11,989 ||Ex-USS ''Alamo'' (LSD-33) loaned to Brazilian Navy (now decommissioned) and ex-USS ''Hermitage'' (LSD-34) loaned (now in reserve) and late sold to Brazilian Navy. || [[File:USS Thomaston;10122801.jpg|150px]]
+| {{sclass|Anchorage|dock landing ship|5}} || 5 || 1969–2003 || {{convert|169|m|ft|abbr=on}} || {{convert|26.0|m|ft|abbr=on}} || {{convert|6.1|m|ft|abbr=on}} || 14,225 || Ex-USS ''Pensacola'' (LSD-38) sold to Republic of China (Taiwan) Navy and only active ship with all others scrapped or sunk as target. || [[File:US Navy 030117-N-2069B-002 USS Anchorage (LSD 36) departs San Diego Bay.jpg|150px]]
 |-
-| {{sclass-|Anchorage|dock landing ship|5}} || 5 || 1969–2003 || {{convert|169|m|ft|abbr=on}} || {{convert|26.0|m|ft|abbr=on}} || {{convert|6.1|m|ft|abbr=on}} || 14,225 || Ex-USS ''Pensacola'' (LSD-38) sold to Republic of China (Taiwan) Navy and only active ship with all others scrapped or sunk as target. || [[File:US Navy 030117-N-2069B-002 USS Anchorage (LSD 36) departs San Diego Bay.jpg|150px]]
+| {{sclass|Whidbey Island|dock landing ship|5}} || 2 || 1985–present || {{convert|186|m|ft|abbr=on}} || {{convert|26.0|m|ft|abbr=on}} || {{convert|6.1|m|ft|abbr=on}} || 16,100 || ''Whidbey Island'' and ''Fort McHenry'' in inactive reserve ||
 |}
 ==See also==
-*[[Amphibious transport dock]]
 *[[List of amphibious warfare ships]]
+*[[List of United States Navy amphibious warfare ships#Landing Ship Dock (LSD)|List of United States Navy amphibious warfare ships § Landing Ship Dock (LSD)]]
 *[[Roll-on/roll-off]]
+* [[USNS Point Barrow (T-AKD-1)|USNS ''Point Barrow'' (T-AKD-1)]], a cargo ship of similar design
 ==References==
 {{Reflist}}
+==Bibliography==
-==Cited literature==
 *{{Cite book
 |last=Brown
@@ Line 106: / Line 104: @@
 |date=November 2006
 |isbn=1-59114-602-X
-|ref=harv
 }}
 ==External links==
-{{Commonscat|Dock landing ships}}
+{{Commons category|Dock landing ships}}
-*[http://www.navy.mil/navydata/fact_display.asp?cid=4200&tid=1000&ct=4 US Navy Office of Information Fact File – LSD]
+*[http://www.navy.mil/navydata/fact_display.asp?cid=4200&tid=1000&ct=4 US Navy Office of Information Fact File – LSD] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110311130444/http://www.navy.mil/navydata/fact_display.asp?cid=4200&tid=1000&ct=4 |date=2011-03-11 }}
 {{clear}}
 {{Warship types of the 19th & 20th centuries}}
+{{Authority control}}
 [[Category:Ship types]]

v t e Naval ships and warships in 19th and 20th centuries
Naval ship classes in service submarine auxiliary Operational zones Brown-water navy Green-water navy Blue-water navy Gun placement Broadside Central battery Casemate Turrets
Aircraft carriers	Amphibious assault ship Anti-submarine warfare carrier Balloon carrier Battlecarrier CAM ship Escort carrier Fighter catapult ship Fleet carrier Flight deck cruiser Helicopter carrier Interdiction Assault Ship Light aircraft carrier Merchant aircraft carrier Seaplane tender Supercarrier
Battleships	Coastal defence ship Dreadnought Fast battleship Pre-dreadnought battleship Super-dreadnought (Standard-type battleship) Treaty battleship
Cruisers	Aircraft cruiser Armored cruiser Battlecruiser Guided missile cruiser Heavy cruiser Pocket battleship Light cruiser Merchant raider Protected cruiser Scout cruiser Strike cruiser Torpedo cruiser Unprotected cruiser
Escort	Aviso Convoy rescue ship Destroyer Destroyer escort Destroyer leader Escort destroyer Escorteur Frigate Guided-missile destroyer Kaibōkan Radar picket Sloop
Transport	Amphibious transport dock Amphibious warfare ship Attack transport Dock landing ship Landing craft Landing craft carrier Landing Craft Support Landing Ship Heavy Landing ship, infantry Landing Ship Logistics Landing Ship Medium Landing Ship, Tank Landing Ship Vehicle Troopship
Patrol craft	Armed boarding steamer Armed yacht Coastal motor boat Corvette Gunboat Harbour defence motor launch Motor launch Naval drifter Naval trawler Ocean boarding vessel Patrol boat Q-ship Steam gun boat Submarine chaser Torpedo boat
Fast attack craft	E-boat MAS MGB Missile boat MTB MTM MTSM PT boat Shin'yō
Mine warfare	Danlayer Destroyer minesweeper Mine countermeasures vessel Mine planter Minehunter Minelayer Minesweeper
Command and support	Amenities ship Ammunition ship Auxiliary repair dock Auxiliary ship Collier Combat stores ship Command ship Crane vessel Depot ship Destroyer tender Dispatch boat Fast combat support ship General stores issue ship Hospital ship Joint support ship Naval tugboat Net laying ship Repair ship Replenishment oiler Submarine tender
Submarines	Attack submarine Ballistic missile submarine Coastal submarine Cruise missile submarine Cruiser submarine Deep-submergence vehicle DSRV Fleet submarine Human torpedo Midget submarine Submarine aircraft carrier U-boat Wet sub
Miscellaneous	Armed merchantman Arsenal ship Barracks ship Breastwork monitor Capital ship Drone carrier Flagship Floating battery Guard ship Littoral combat ship Monitor Mother ship River monitor Training ship
Related	Ship types Sailing vessels