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{{Short description|Armenian poet and translator (1864–1929)}} |
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{{for|the Armenian politician and academic|Hovhannes Hovhannisyan (YSU)}} |
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{{Infobox writer |
{{Infobox writer |
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| name = Hovhannes Hovhannisyan |
| name = Hovhannes Hovhannisyan |
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| image = Հովհաննես Հովհաննիսյան (Hovhannes Hovhannisyan) 2.jpg |
| image = Հովհաննես Հովհաննիսյան (Hovhannes Hovhannisyan) 2.jpg |
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| image_size =200px |
| image_size = 200px |
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| birth_date = {{birth date|1864|4|26|df=yes}} |
| birth_date = {{birth date|1864|4|26|df=yes}} |
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| birth_place = [[Vagharshapat]], [[Erivan Governorate]], [[Russian Empire]] |
| birth_place = [[Vagharshapat]], [[Erivan Governorate]], [[Russian Empire]] |
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| death_date = {{death date and age|1929|9|29|1864|4|26|df=yes}} |
| death_date = {{death date and age|1929|9|29|1864|4|26|df=yes}} |
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| death_place = [[Yerevan]], [[Armenian Soviet Socialist Republic|Armenian SSR]] |
| death_place = [[Yerevan]], [[Armenian Soviet Socialist Republic|Armenian SSR]], [[Soviet Union]] |
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| resting_place = [[Komitas Pantheon]] |
| resting_place = [[Komitas Pantheon]] |
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| occupation = |
| occupation = Writer, translator, teacher |
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| nationality = |
| nationality = |
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'''Hovhannes Hovhannisyan''' ({{lang-hy|Հովհաննես Հովհաննիսյան}}, {{OldStyleDate|26 April|1864|14 April}} – 29 September 1929) was an [[Armenians|Armenian]] poet |
'''Hovhannes Hovhannisyan''' ({{lang-hy|Հովհաննես Հովհաննիսյան}};{{Efn|[[Traditional Armenian orthography]]: {{lang|hy|Յովհաննէս Յովհաննիսեան}}. In Russian, he is known as {{transliteration|ru|Ioannes Ioannisyan}} ({{lang|ru|Иоаннес Иоаннисян}}).<ref name=":0"/>}} {{OldStyleDate|26 April|1864|14 April}} – 29 September 1929) was an [[Armenians|Armenian]] poet, translator and educator. While he was not very prolific, his melancholic poetry has been praised for its lyrical quality and form and was influential for subsequent Armenian poets. |
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==Biography== |
==Biography== |
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Hovhannisyan was born on {{OldStyleDate|26 April|1864|14 April}}<ref name=":0">{{Cite book |title=Bolʹshaia sovetskaia ėntsiklopediia |title-link=Great Soviet Encyclopedia |publisher=Sovetskaia entsiklopediia |year=1973 |editor-last=Prokhorov |editor-first=A. M. |volume=10 |location=Moscow |pages= |language=ru |script-title=ru:Большая советская энциклопедия |trans-title=Great Soviet Encyclopedia |chapter=Ioannisian Ioannes Mkrtichevich |script-chapter=ru:Иоаннисян Иоаннес Мкртичевич |display-editors=etal |chapter-url=https://dic.academic.ru/dic.nsf/bse/90984/%D0%98%D0%BE%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%8F%D0%BD |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200219104729/https://dic.academic.ru/dic.nsf/bse/90984/%D0%98%D0%BE%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%8F%D0%BD |archive-date=19 February 2020}}</ref> into a tailor's family in [[Vagharshapat]] (Etchmiadzin), then within the [[Erivan Governorate]] of the [[Russian Empire]].<ref>{{Cite book |last=Safaryan |first=Vazgen |url=http://publishing.ysu.am/files/Vazgen_Safaryan_2022.pdf |title=19-rd daraverji ev 20-rd daraskzbi hay grakanutʻyuně |publisher=[[Yerevan State University|Yerevan State University Publishing House]] |year=2022 |isbn=978-5-8084-2563-7 |language=hy |script-title=hy:19-րդ դարավերջի և 20-րդ դարասկզբի հայ գրականությունը |trans-title=''The Armenian literature of the late 19th and early 20th centuries''}}</ref> He attended parochial school in his hometown, then the progymnasium in Yerevan before studying in Moscow at the [[Lazarev Institute of Oriental Languages|Lazaryan Language Institute]] (1877–83) and the historical-philological faculty of the [[Imperial Moscow University]] (1884-88).<ref name="bio">{{Cite book |last=Asmarian |first=L. |title=Haykakan sovetakan hanragitaran |title-link=Armenian Soviet Encyclopedia |year=1980 |editor-last=Arzumanian |editor-first=Makich |volume=6 |location=Yerevan |page=[https://hy.wikisource.org/wiki/%D4%B7%D5%BB:%D5%80%D5%A1%D5%B5%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D5%8D%D5%B8%D5%BE%D5%A5%D5%BF%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D5%80%D5%A1%D5%B6%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%A3%D5%AB%D5%BF%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%B6_(Soviet_Armenian_Encyclopedia)_6.djvu/571 571]-572 |language=hy |script-title=hy:Հայկական սովետական հանրագիտարան |chapter=Hovhannisyan Hovhannes Mkrtchʻi |script-chapter=hy:Հովհաննիսյան Հովհաննես Մկրտչի }}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last=Hacikyan |first=Agop Jack |author-link=Agop Jack Hacikyan |title=The Heritage of Armenian Literature, Volume III: From the Eighteenth Century to Modern Times |author2=Basmajian, Gabriel |author3=Franchuk, Edward S. |author4=Ouzounian, Nourhan |publisher=Wayne State University Press |year=2005 |isbn=9780814332214 |location=Detroit |pages=[https://books.google.com/books?id=GmtPLvnrc38C&dq=hovhannes+hovhannisyan+1864+1929&pg=PA559 559–560]}}</ref> |
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Hovhannisyan was born into a peasant family in [[Vagharshapat]], then within the [[Erivan Governorate]] of the [[Russian Empire]].<ref name="encyclopedia">{{cite news|url=http://dic.academic.ru/dic.nsf/bse/90984/%D0%98%D0%BE%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%8F%D0%BD |script-title=ru:Иоаннисян Иоаннес Мкртичевич |publisher=[[Great Soviet Encyclopedia]]|date=1966|accessdate=14 February 2015}}</ref> He attended parochial school in Armenia before studying in Moscow at the [[Lazarev Institute of Oriental Languages|Lazaryan Language Institute]] (1877–83) and [[Moscow State University]] (1884-88).<ref name="bio" /><ref>{{cite book|last=Hacikyan|first=Agop Jack|title=The Heritage of Armenian Literature: From the eighteenth century to modern times|volume=3|year=2005|publisher=Wayne State University Press|location=Detroit|isbn=9780814332214|authorlink=Agop Jack Hacikyan|author2=Basmajian, Gabriel |author3=Franchuk, Edward S. |author4= Ouzounian, Nourhan |pp=[http://books.google.com/books?id=GmtPLvnrc38C&pg=PA559&lpg=PA559&dq=hovhannes+hovhannisyan+1864+1929&source=bl&ots=demBNXyaDW&sig=Q2UUwxS6VnnWO4L513KEHrjirEE&hl=en&sa=X&ei=dJULU_qMFrPM0gHBw4G4DQ&ved=0CDAQ6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=hovhannes%20hovhannisyan%201864%201929&f=false 559–560]}}</ref> |
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[[File:Հովհաննես Հովհաննիսյանի հուշարձան, Վաղարշապատ.png|thumb|Hovhannes |
[[File:Հովհաննես Հովհաննիսյանի հուշարձան, Վաղարշապատ.png|thumb|Hovhannes Hovhannisyan's bust in the yard of the museum renamed after him]] |
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In |
In 1889, he traveled around Europe and visited various cities, including Constantinople, London, Paris and Vienna. Hovhannisyan returned to Vagharshapat and began his teaching career at the [[Gevorkian Seminary]], where he taught Russian language and literature, general literature, and Greek. He taught there until 1912.<ref name="bio" /> One of his students was the future author [[Derenik Demirchian]], whose views on literature Hovhannisyan is said to have influenced.<ref name=":02">{{Cite book |last=Hovhannisian |first=S. |title=Haykakan sovetakan hanragitaran |title-link=Armenian Soviet Encyclopedia |year=1977 |editor-last=Simonian |editor-first=Abel |volume=3 |location=Yerevan |pages=[https://hy.wikisource.org/wiki/%D4%B7%D5%BB:%D5%80%D5%A1%D5%B5%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D5%8D%D5%B8%D5%BE%D5%A5%D5%BF%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D5%80%D5%A1%D5%B6%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%A3%D5%AB%D5%BF%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%B6_(Soviet_Armenian_Encyclopedia)_3.djvu/340 340]-341 |language=hy |script-title=hy:Հայկական սովետական հանրագիտարան |trans-title=Armenian Soviet Encyclopedia |chapter=Demirchyan Derenik Karapeti |script-chapter=hy:Դեմիրճյան Դերենիկ Կարապետի}}</ref> |
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In 1912, Hovhannisyan briefly worked in Baku. He was a supporter of the 1917 [[Russian Revolution]] and the creation of the Soviet Union. In 1918, during the days of the revolutionary [[Baku Commune]], he served in its department of education. He headed the branch of the People's Commissariat for Education in the district of Vagharshapat. In 1922, he worked in legislative committee of the [[Council of People's Commissars]] of the [[Armenian Soviet Socialist Republic]]. Hovhannisyan died in 1929 in [[Yerevan]], aged 65.<ref name="bio" /> He was buried at the old Mler cemetery in the city, which was soon after developed into the [[Komitas Pantheon]], the resting place of many of Armenia's most prominent cultural icons. |
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Hovhannisyan greatly enriched [[Modern Armenian]] through his own work as well as translations. Together with Russian writer [[Valery Bryusov]], he became the first to translate ancient Armenian manuscripts into Modern Armenian. He also translated works from classic and then-contemporary writers, including [[Homer]], [[William Shakespeare|Shakespeare]], [[Johann Wolfgang von Goethe|Goethe]], [[Victor Hugo|Hugo]], [[Henrik Ibsen|Ibsen]], [[Nikolay Nekrasov|Nekrasov]], [[Alexander Pushkin|Pushkin]], and [[Friedrich Schiller|Schiller]].<ref name="bio" /> |
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==Works and evaluation== |
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He was a supporter of the 1917 [[Russian Revolution]] and the creation of the Soviet Union. In 1922, he worked in the [[Council of People's Commissars]] setting up the new [[Armenian Soviet Socialist Republic]].<ref name="encyclopedia" /> |
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In 1883, Hovhannisyan published his first poem in the literary journal {{Transliteration|hy|Aghbyur}} (Spring). He published his first collection of poetry in 1887, which gained him recognition. According to L. Asmarian, his volumes of poetry published 1908 and 1912 "secured his place in the history of Armenian poetry."<ref name="bio" /> While he was not very prolific, Hovhannisyan's melancholic poetry was influential for subsequent poets.<ref name="KB" /> Asmarian credits Hovhannisyan with the creation of a new school of Eastern Armenian poetry, followers of which included [[Hovhannes Tumanyan]] and [[Avetik Isahakyan]], among others.<ref name="bio" /> Kevork Bardakjian writes that the "wistful, impersonal yearning" of Hovhannisyan's poetry "captured the mood of the age." He contrasts Hovhannisyan's style with that of the patriotic poetry of his teacher [[Smbat Shahaziz]] and [[Raphael Patkanian]]. Bardakjian praises Hovhannisyan for his "gentle, lyrical verse," his diction, and his attention to form, the last of which earlier authors had neglected and which later poets further developed.<ref name="KB">{{cite book |first=Kevork B. |last=Bardakjian |title=A Reference Guide to Modern Armenian Literature, 1500–1920 |publisher=Wayne State University Press |year=2000 |isbn=0-8143-2747-8 |url=https://archive.org/details/referenceguideto00bard |pages=179-180, 371-373}}</ref> |
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The subjects of Hovhannisyan's poetry include love and nature, as well as tragedy and the hard life of Armenia's peasantry. His love poems, such as "{{Transliteration|hy|Izur e hogis, izur, im hreshtak|italic=no}}" (It's no use, my soul, it's no use, my angel) and "{{Transliteration|hy|Kuzei linel karkach’un vtak|italic=no}}" (I would like to be a babbling stream) emphasize the connection between man and nature. According to Asmarian, Hovhannisyan was the first Armenian poet to realistically depict the "inner contradictions of village life." In some of his poems he drew from elements of folk poetry. His patriotic poetry was first in the tradition of [[Romanticism]], then shifted to [[Literary realism|realism]]. He encouraged Armenians not to give in to despair, despite their difficult situation.<ref name="bio" /> |
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Hovhannisyan died in 1929 in [[Yerevan]], aged 65. He was buried at the old Mkher cemetery in the city, which was soon after developed into the [[Komitas Pantheon]], the resting place for many of Armenia's most prominent cultural icons. |
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Hovhannisyan also translated works from classic and contemporary writers, such as [[Homer]], [[William Shakespeare|Shakespeare]], [[Johann Wolfgang von Goethe|Goethe]], [[Friedrich Schiller|Schiller]], [[Victor Hugo]], [[Alexander Pushkin]], [[Mikhail Lermontov]], [[Nikolay Nekrasov]], [[Heinrich Heine]], [[Sándor Petőfi]], [[Ludwig Uhland]] and others. In Asmarian's view, his translations of [[Władysław Syrokomla|Władysław Syrokomla's]] "{{lang|pl|Niepiśmienny|italic=no}}" (Illiterate) and Uhland's "{{lang|de|Des Sängers Fluch |
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==Works== |
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|italic=no}}" (The singer's curse) stand on their own as literary works.<ref name="bio" /> The mood of Hovhannisyan's poetry has been compared to that of the Russian poet [[Semyon Nadson]].<ref name="KB" /> |
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In 1883, Hovhannisyan had his first poem published, ''Spring''. His subjects included love and nature, as well as tragedy and the hard life of Armenia's peasantry. He eventually published three volumes of his works in 1887, 1908 and 1912.<ref name="encyclopedia" /> |
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Hovhannisyan's collected works were published in four volumes in Armenia from 1964 to 1968. His works have been translated into English, French, German, and Russian.<ref name="KB" /> |
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===Poetry=== |
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== Selected poems == |
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* ''Spring'' ({{lang|hy|«Աղբյուր»}}), 1883 |
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* ({{lang|hy|«Ա՜խ, տվեք ինձ քաղցր մի քուն»}}), 1884 |
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* ({{lang|hy|«Բանաստեղծություններ»}}), 1887 |
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* ({{lang|hy|«Իզուր է, հոգիս, իզուր, իմ հրեշտակ»}}), 1885 |
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* ({{lang|hy|«Կուզեի լինել կարկաչուն վտակ»}}), 1888 |
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* ({{lang|hy|«Աշուղ»}}), 1887 |
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* ({{lang|hy|«Գյուղի ժամը»}}), 1886 |
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* ({{lang|hy|«Հատիկ»}}), 1886 |
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* ({{lang|hy|«Արազն եկավ լափին տալով»}}), 1887 |
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* ({{lang|hy|«Ալագյազ բարձր սարին»}}), 1901 |
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* ({{lang|hy|«Տեսե՞լ ես արդյոք այն բլուրները»}}), 1880 |
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* ({{lang|hy|«Մայրս»}}), 1896 |
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* ({{lang|hy|«Տղմուտ»}}), 1887 |
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* ({{lang|hy|«Նոր զարուն»}}), 1897 |
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* ({{lang|hy|«Սարն ի վեր»}}), 1896 |
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* ({{lang|hy|«Սյունյաց իշխանը»}}), 1887 |
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* "{{transliteration|hy|Akh, tvek’ indz k’aghts’r mi k’un|italic=no}}" («{{lang|hy|Ա՜խ, տվեք ինձ քաղցր մի քուն}}», Oh, give me a sweet sleep), 1884 |
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===Essays=== |
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* "{{transliteration|hy|Izur e, hogis, izur, im hreshtak|italic=no}}" («{{lang|hy|Իզուր է, հոգիս, իզուր, իմ հրեշտակ}}», It's no use, my soul, it's no use, my angel), 1885 |
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* "{{transliteration|hy|Kuzei linel karkach’un vtak|italic=no}}" («{{lang|hy|Կուզեի լինել կարկաչուն վտակ}}», I would like to be a babbling stream), 1888 |
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* ({{lang|hy|«Վահագնի ծնունդը»}}), 1904 |
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* ({{lang|hy|«Լուսավորչի կանթեղը»}}), 1904 |
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* "{{transliteration|hy|Ashugh|italic=no}}" («{{lang|hy|Աշուղ}}»), 1887 |
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* "{{transliteration|hy|Gyughi zhamë|italic=no}}" («{{lang|hy|Գյուղի ժամը}}», The village church service), 1886 |
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* "{{transliteration|hy|Hatik|italic=no}}" («{{lang|hy|Հատիկ}}», Grain), 1886 |
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* "{{transliteration|hy|Arazn yekav lap’in talov|italic=no}}" («{{lang|hy|Արազն եկավ լափին տալով}}», The Aras came crashing), 1887 (translated into English by [[Zabelle C. Boyajian]] as "Araxes Came Devouringly") |
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* "{{transliteration|hy|Alagyaz bardzr sarin|italic=no}}" («{{lang|hy|Ալագյազ բարձր սարին}}», On the high mountain of Alagyaz), 1901 |
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* "{{transliteration|hy|Tesel es ardyok ayn blurnerë?|italic=no}}" («{{lang|hy|Տեսե՞լ ես արդյոք այն բլուրները}}», Have you seen those hills?), 1880 (English version by [[Alice Stone Blackwell]] titled "Hast Thou Seen My Country?") |
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* "{{transliteration|hy|Mayrs|italic=no}}" («{{lang|hy|Մայրս}}», My mother), 1896 |
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* "{{transliteration|hy|Tghmut|italic=no}}" («{{lang|hy|Տղմուտ}}», Swamp), 1887 |
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* "{{transliteration|hy|Nor garun|italic=no}}" («{{lang|hy|Նոր գարուն}}», New spring), 1897 (English translations by Alice Stone Blackwell and Zabelle C. Boyajian) |
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* "{{transliteration|hy|Sar i vern|italic=no}}" («{{lang|hy|Սարն ի վեր}}», Up the mountain), 1896 |
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* "{{transliteration|hy|Syunyats’ ishkhanë|italic=no}}" («{{lang|hy|Սյունյաց իշխանը}}», The prince of Syunik), 1887 |
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* "{{transliteration|hy|Vahagni tsnundë|italic=no}}" («{{lang|hy|Վահագնի ծնունդը}}», The birth of Vahagn), 1904 |
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* "{{transliteration|hy|Lusavorch’i kant’eghë|italic=no}}" («{{lang|hy|Լուսավորչի կանթեղը}}», The lamp of the Illuminator), 1904 |
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==Legacy== |
==Legacy== |
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In 1948, |
In 1948, the Hovhannes Hovhannisyan House-Museum was established.<ref name="bio" /> It is located in central Vagharshapat, near the [[Holy Mother of God Cathedral, Vagharshapat|Holy Mother of God Cathedral]] and the mayor's office. In 2009, it was reported that the museum was in a dilapidated state, but that the mayor's office of Vagharshapat intended to see it repaired.<ref name="panarmenian">{{cite news |date=3 June 2009 |title=Museum of Armenian poet Hovhannes Hovhannisyan at the verge of dilapidation |url=http://www.panarmenian.net/eng/culture/news/32412 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210726161123/http://www.panarmenian.net/eng/culture/news/32412 |archive-date=26 July 2021 |accessdate=14 February 2015 |work=PanArmenian.net |publisher=}}</ref> |
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==See also== |
==See also== |
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{{portal|Poetry}} |
{{portal|Poetry}} |
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* |
*[[Armenian literature]] |
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* [[Armenian language]] |
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== Notes == |
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* [[Armenian literature]] |
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{{Notelist}} |
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==References== |
==References== |
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==External links== |
==External links== |
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{{Wikisourcelang|en|Author:Hovhannes Hovhannisyan|Hovhannes Hovhannisyan}} |
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*{{hy icon}} [[wikisource:hy:Հովհաննես Հովհաննիսյան|Works available on Wikisource]] |
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{{Wikisourcelang|hy|Հեղինակ:Հովհաննես Հովհաննիսյան|Հովհաննես Հովհաննիսյան}} |
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*[http://www.armenianhouse.org/blackwell/armenian-poems/hovhannessian.html English translations of |
*[http://www.armenianhouse.org/blackwell/armenian-poems/hovhannessian.html English translations of Hovhannisyan's work] on ArmenianHouse.org |
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*{{Internet Archive author|sname=Hovhannes Hovhannisyan}} |
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{{Authority control}} |
{{Authority control}} |
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[[Category:Burials at the Komitas Pantheon]] |
[[Category:Burials at the Komitas Pantheon]] |
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[[Category:Moscow State University alumni]] |
[[Category:Moscow State University alumni]] |
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[[Category:Armenian male poets]] |
[[Category:Armenian male poets]] |
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[[Category:20th-century male writers]] |
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[[Category:19th-century translators]] |
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[[Category:Armenian people from the Russian Empire]] |
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[[Category:Poets from the Russian Empire]] |
Latest revision as of 18:22, 1 June 2024
Hovhannes Hovhannisyan | |
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Born | Vagharshapat, Erivan Governorate, Russian Empire | 26 April 1864
Died | 29 September 1929 Yerevan, Armenian SSR, Soviet Union | (aged 65)
Resting place | Komitas Pantheon |
Occupation | Writer, translator, teacher |
Hovhannes Hovhannisyan (Armenian: Հովհաննես Հովհաննիսյան;[a] 26 April [O.S. 14 April] 1864 – 29 September 1929) was an Armenian poet, translator and educator. While he was not very prolific, his melancholic poetry has been praised for its lyrical quality and form and was influential for subsequent Armenian poets.
Biography
[edit]Hovhannisyan was born on 26 April [O.S. 14 April] 1864[1] into a tailor's family in Vagharshapat (Etchmiadzin), then within the Erivan Governorate of the Russian Empire.[2] He attended parochial school in his hometown, then the progymnasium in Yerevan before studying in Moscow at the Lazaryan Language Institute (1877–83) and the historical-philological faculty of the Imperial Moscow University (1884-88).[3][4]
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/%D5%80%D5%B8%D5%BE%D5%B0%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%B6%D5%A5%D5%BD_%D5%80%D5%B8%D5%BE%D5%B0%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%B6%D5%AB%D5%BD%D5%B5%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%AB_%D5%B0%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B7%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%B1%D5%A1%D5%B6%2C_%D5%8E%D5%A1%D5%B2%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%B7%D5%A1%D5%BA%D5%A1%D5%BF.png/220px-%D5%80%D5%B8%D5%BE%D5%B0%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%B6%D5%A5%D5%BD_%D5%80%D5%B8%D5%BE%D5%B0%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%B6%D5%AB%D5%BD%D5%B5%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%AB_%D5%B0%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B7%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%B1%D5%A1%D5%B6%2C_%D5%8E%D5%A1%D5%B2%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%B7%D5%A1%D5%BA%D5%A1%D5%BF.png)
In 1889, he traveled around Europe and visited various cities, including Constantinople, London, Paris and Vienna. Hovhannisyan returned to Vagharshapat and began his teaching career at the Gevorkian Seminary, where he taught Russian language and literature, general literature, and Greek. He taught there until 1912.[3] One of his students was the future author Derenik Demirchian, whose views on literature Hovhannisyan is said to have influenced.[5]
In 1912, Hovhannisyan briefly worked in Baku. He was a supporter of the 1917 Russian Revolution and the creation of the Soviet Union. In 1918, during the days of the revolutionary Baku Commune, he served in its department of education. He headed the branch of the People's Commissariat for Education in the district of Vagharshapat. In 1922, he worked in legislative committee of the Council of People's Commissars of the Armenian Soviet Socialist Republic. Hovhannisyan died in 1929 in Yerevan, aged 65.[3] He was buried at the old Mler cemetery in the city, which was soon after developed into the Komitas Pantheon, the resting place of many of Armenia's most prominent cultural icons.
Works and evaluation
[edit]In 1883, Hovhannisyan published his first poem in the literary journal Aghbyur (Spring). He published his first collection of poetry in 1887, which gained him recognition. According to L. Asmarian, his volumes of poetry published 1908 and 1912 "secured his place in the history of Armenian poetry."[3] While he was not very prolific, Hovhannisyan's melancholic poetry was influential for subsequent poets.[6] Asmarian credits Hovhannisyan with the creation of a new school of Eastern Armenian poetry, followers of which included Hovhannes Tumanyan and Avetik Isahakyan, among others.[3] Kevork Bardakjian writes that the "wistful, impersonal yearning" of Hovhannisyan's poetry "captured the mood of the age." He contrasts Hovhannisyan's style with that of the patriotic poetry of his teacher Smbat Shahaziz and Raphael Patkanian. Bardakjian praises Hovhannisyan for his "gentle, lyrical verse," his diction, and his attention to form, the last of which earlier authors had neglected and which later poets further developed.[6]
The subjects of Hovhannisyan's poetry include love and nature, as well as tragedy and the hard life of Armenia's peasantry. His love poems, such as "Izur e hogis, izur, im hreshtak" (It's no use, my soul, it's no use, my angel) and "Kuzei linel karkach’un vtak" (I would like to be a babbling stream) emphasize the connection between man and nature. According to Asmarian, Hovhannisyan was the first Armenian poet to realistically depict the "inner contradictions of village life." In some of his poems he drew from elements of folk poetry. His patriotic poetry was first in the tradition of Romanticism, then shifted to realism. He encouraged Armenians not to give in to despair, despite their difficult situation.[3]
Hovhannisyan also translated works from classic and contemporary writers, such as Homer, Shakespeare, Goethe, Schiller, Victor Hugo, Alexander Pushkin, Mikhail Lermontov, Nikolay Nekrasov, Heinrich Heine, Sándor Petőfi, Ludwig Uhland and others. In Asmarian's view, his translations of Władysław Syrokomla's "Niepiśmienny" (Illiterate) and Uhland's "Des Sängers Fluch" (The singer's curse) stand on their own as literary works.[3] The mood of Hovhannisyan's poetry has been compared to that of the Russian poet Semyon Nadson.[6]
Hovhannisyan's collected works were published in four volumes in Armenia from 1964 to 1968. His works have been translated into English, French, German, and Russian.[6]
Selected poems
[edit]- "Akh, tvek’ indz k’aghts’r mi k’un" («Ա՜խ, տվեք ինձ քաղցր մի քուն», Oh, give me a sweet sleep), 1884
- "Izur e, hogis, izur, im hreshtak" («Իզուր է, հոգիս, իզուր, իմ հրեշտակ», It's no use, my soul, it's no use, my angel), 1885
- "Kuzei linel karkach’un vtak" («Կուզեի լինել կարկաչուն վտակ», I would like to be a babbling stream), 1888
- "Yerku chanaparh" («Երկու ճանապարհ», Two paths), 1883
- "Mnak’ barov, arev, garun" («Մնաք բարով, արև, գարուն», Farewell, sun, spring), 1887
- "Ashugh" («Աշուղ»), 1887
- "Gyughi zhamë" («Գյուղի ժամը», The village church service), 1886
- "Hatik" («Հատիկ», Grain), 1886
- "Arazn yekav lap’in talov" («Արազն եկավ լափին տալով», The Aras came crashing), 1887 (translated into English by Zabelle C. Boyajian as "Araxes Came Devouringly")
- "Alagyaz bardzr sarin" («Ալագյազ բարձր սարին», On the high mountain of Alagyaz), 1901
- "Tesel es ardyok ayn blurnerë?" («Տեսե՞լ ես արդյոք այն բլուրները», Have you seen those hills?), 1880 (English version by Alice Stone Blackwell titled "Hast Thou Seen My Country?")
- "Mayrs" («Մայրս», My mother), 1896
- "Tghmut" («Տղմուտ», Swamp), 1887
- "Nor garun" («Նոր գարուն», New spring), 1897 (English translations by Alice Stone Blackwell and Zabelle C. Boyajian)
- "Sar i vern" («Սարն ի վեր», Up the mountain), 1896
- "Syunyats’ ishkhanë" («Սյունյաց իշխանը», The prince of Syunik), 1887
- "Artavazd" («Սրտավազդ»), 1887
- "Vahagni tsnundë" («Վահագնի ծնունդը», The birth of Vahagn), 1904
- "Lusavorch’i kant’eghë" («Լուսավորչի կանթեղը», The lamp of the Illuminator), 1904
Legacy
[edit]In 1948, the Hovhannes Hovhannisyan House-Museum was established.[3] It is located in central Vagharshapat, near the Holy Mother of God Cathedral and the mayor's office. In 2009, it was reported that the museum was in a dilapidated state, but that the mayor's office of Vagharshapat intended to see it repaired.[7]
See also
[edit]Notes
[edit]- ^ Traditional Armenian orthography: Յովհաննէս Յովհաննիսեան. In Russian, he is known as Ioannes Ioannisyan (Иоаннес Иоаннисян).[1]
References
[edit]- ^ a b Prokhorov, A. M.; et al., eds. (1973). "Ioannisian Ioannes Mkrtichevich" Иоаннисян Иоаннес Мкртичевич. Bolʹshaia sovetskaia ėntsiklopediia Большая советская энциклопедия [Great Soviet Encyclopedia] (in Russian). Vol. 10. Moscow: Sovetskaia entsiklopediia. Archived from the original on 19 February 2020.
- ^ Safaryan, Vazgen (2022). 19-rd daraverji ev 20-rd daraskzbi hay grakanutʻyuně 19-րդ դարավերջի և 20-րդ դարասկզբի հայ գրականությունը [The Armenian literature of the late 19th and early 20th centuries] (PDF) (in Armenian). Yerevan State University Publishing House. ISBN 978-5-8084-2563-7.
- ^ a b c d e f g h Asmarian, L. (1980). "Hovhannisyan Hovhannes Mkrtchʻi" Հովհաննիսյան Հովհաննես Մկրտչի. In Arzumanian, Makich (ed.). Haykakan sovetakan hanragitaran Հայկական սովետական հանրագիտարան (in Armenian). Vol. 6. Yerevan. p. 571-572.
{{cite book}}
: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - ^ Hacikyan, Agop Jack; Basmajian, Gabriel; Franchuk, Edward S.; Ouzounian, Nourhan (2005). The Heritage of Armenian Literature, Volume III: From the Eighteenth Century to Modern Times. Detroit: Wayne State University Press. pp. 559–560. ISBN 9780814332214.
- ^ Hovhannisian, S. (1977). "Demirchyan Derenik Karapeti" Դեմիրճյան Դերենիկ Կարապետի. In Simonian, Abel (ed.). Haykakan sovetakan hanragitaran Հայկական սովետական հանրագիտարան [Armenian Soviet Encyclopedia] (in Armenian). Vol. 3. Yerevan. pp. 340-341.
{{cite book}}
: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - ^ a b c d Bardakjian, Kevork B. (2000). A Reference Guide to Modern Armenian Literature, 1500–1920. Wayne State University Press. pp. 179–180, 371–373. ISBN 0-8143-2747-8.
- ^ "Museum of Armenian poet Hovhannes Hovhannisyan at the verge of dilapidation". PanArmenian.net. 3 June 2009. Archived from the original on 26 July 2021. Retrieved 14 February 2015.
External links
[edit]![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/38px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png)
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/38px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png)
- English translations of Hovhannisyan's work on ArmenianHouse.org
- Works by or about Hovhannes Hovhannisyan at the Internet Archive
- 1864 births
- 1929 deaths
- 19th-century Armenian poets
- Linguists from Armenia
- People from Vagharshapat
- 19th-century Armenian writers
- 20th-century Armenian writers
- Armenian translators
- Burials at the Komitas Pantheon
- Moscow State University alumni
- Armenian male poets
- 19th-century male writers
- 20th-century male writers
- 19th-century translators
- Armenian people from the Russian Empire
- Poets from the Russian Empire