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Polotsk Voivodeship: Difference between revisions

Coordinates: 55°29′17″N 28°48′26″E / 55.488099°N 28.807210°E / 55.488099; 28.807210
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{{Short description|Voivodeship of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania}}
{{Infobox Former Subdivision
{{Infobox Former Subdivision
|native_name = Województwo połockie<br />Palatinatus Polocensis
| native_name = Województwo połockie<br />Palatinatus Polocensis
|conventional_long_name = Połock Voivodeship
| conventional_long_name = Polotsk Voivodeship
|common_name = Polatsk
| common_name = Polatsk
|subdivision = Voivodeship
| subdivision = Voivodeship
|nation = the [[Grand Duchy of Lithuania]], later [[Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth]]
| nation = the [[Grand Duchy of Lithuania]], later [[Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth]]
|year_start = 1504
| year_start = 1504
|event_start =
| event_start =
|date_start =
| date_start =
|event_end = [[Second partition of Poland]]
| event_end = [[Second Partition of Poland]]
|date_end =
| date_end =
|year_end = 1793
| year_end = 1793
|event1 =
| event1 =
|event1_date =
| event1_date =
|p1 = Duchy of Lithuania
| p1 = Principality of Polotsk
|image_p1 = [[Image:COA of Gediminaičiai dynasty Lithuania.svg|30px]]
| image_p1 = [[Image:Polotsk Flag.png|55px]]
|s1 = Russian Empire
| s1 = Russian Empire
|image_s1 = [[Image:Greater Coat of Arms of the Russian Empire 1700x1767 pix Igor Barbe 2006.jpg|20px]]
| image_s1 = [[Image:Greater Coat of Arms of the Russian Empire 1700x1767 pix Igor Barbe 2006.jpg|30px]]
| image_coat = POL województwo połockie IRP COA.svg
|image_flag =
| image_map = Polatsk Voivodeship within Lithuania in the 17th century.png
|image_coat = Recueil d'armoiries polonaises COA of Polotsk Voivodeship.png
|image_map = Polatsk Voivodeship within Lithuania in the 17th century.png
| image_map_caption = Połock Voivodeship in red. Voivodeship's borders did not change since the [[Union of Lublin]].
| image_map2 = RON województwo połockie map.svg
|image_map_caption = Połock Voivodeship in red. Voivodeship's borders did not change since the [[Union of Lublin]].
| image_map2_caption = Połock Voivodeship in the [[Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth]]
|capital = Połock
| capital = Połock
|stat_area1 = 21800
| stat_area1 = 21800
|political_subdiv = none
| political_subdiv = none
| today = [[Belarus]]<br />[[Russia]]
}}
}}
⚫
'''Polotsk''' or '''Połock Voivodeship''' ({{lang-la|Palatinatus Polocensis}}; {{lang-lt|Polocko vaivadija}}; {{lang-pl|Województwo połockie}}, {{lang-be|Полацкае ваяводства}}) was a unit of administrative division and local government in the [[Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth]] ([[Grand Duchy of Lithuania]]) since the 15th century until the [[partitions of Poland]] in 1793.


==History==
[[Image:RON województwo połockie map.svg|366px|thumb|right|Połock Voivodeship in [[Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth]]]]
[[File:Polatsk XVI.jpg|thumb|left|[[Połock]], capital of the voivodeship, in the 16th century]]
⚫
'''Połock Voivodeship''' ({{lang-pl|Województwo połockie}}, {{lang-be|Полацкае ваяводства}}) was a unit of administrative division and local government in the [[Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth]] ([[Grand Duchy of Lithuania]]) since the 15th century until the [[partitions of Poland]] in 1793.

The voivodeship history can be traced to the [[Principality of Polotsk]], conquered by the Grand Duchy of Lithuania around late 14th / early 15th centuries. From 1504 the former Principality was recognized as a [[voivodeship]].
The voivodeship history can be traced to the [[Principality of Polotsk]], conquered by the Grand Duchy of Lithuania around late 14th / early 15th centuries. From 1504 the former Principality was recognized as a [[voivodeship]].


[[Zygmunt Gloger]] in his monumental book Historical Geography of the Lands of Old Poland provides this description of the Połock Voivodeship:
[[Zygmunt Gloger]] in his monumental book Historical Geography of the Lands of Old Poland provides this description of the Połock Voivodeship:


“Połock, in Latin Polocia, Polocium, lies on the right bank of the [[Daugava River|Dvina]], and is regarded as one of the oldest [[Gord (archaeology)|gord]]s of [[Rus' people|Rus’]]. In the 13th century, the [[Principality of Polotsk]] was ruled by Kievan princes, but in app. 1225 it was seized by the Lithuanians under Duke [[Mindaugas]] (...) Duke [[Vytautas]] named the first [[starosta]] of Połock, and in app. 1500, the starosta was renamed into the [[Voivode]] of Połock, while the Duchy was turned into a voivodeship, divided into two equal halves by the Dvina (...)
“Połock, in Latin Polocia, Polocium, lies on the right bank of the [[Daugava River|Dvina]], and is regarded as one of the oldest [[Gord (archaeology)|gord]]s of [[Rus' people|Rus’]]. In the 13th century, the [[Principality of Polotsk]] was ruled by Kievan princes, but in app. 1225 it was seized by the Lithuanians under Duke [[Mindaugas]] (...) Duke [[Vytautas]] named the first [[starosta]] of Połock, and in app. 1500, the starosta was renamed into the [[Voivode]] of Połock, while the Duchy was turned into a voivodeship, divided into halves by the Dvina (...)


The voivodeship had two senators, who were the Voivode and the Castellan of Połock (...) Since it was not too large and its population was not numerous, furthermore, its capital was located in the middle, the voivodeship was not divided into counties. Its courts were located in Połock, where the [[sejmik]]s also took place. Połock Voivodeship had two envoys in the [[Sejm]], and two deputies to the Lithuanian Tribunal”.
The voivodeship had two senators, who were the Voivode and the Castellan of Połock (...) Since it was not too large and its population was not numerous, furthermore, its capital was located in the middle, the voivodeship was not divided into counties. Its courts were located in Połock, where the [[sejmik]]s also took place. Połock Voivodeship had two envoys in the [[Sejm]], and two deputies to the Lithuanian Tribunal”.

==Other names==
* {{lang-lt|Polocko vaivadija}}, {{lang-ru|Полоцкое воеводство}}, {{lang-la|Palatinatus Polocensis}}


==Population==
==Population==
* 109 848 in 1790<ref>↑ Tabela: Summaryusz Generalny wszelkich dochodów Rzeczypospolitey tak w Koronie iako i w Litwie z kalkulacyą mil kwadratowych, tak со do dymów, podatków, iako i ludzi, w: Dziennik rządowo-ekonomiczno handlowy. Zaymuiący różne Wiadomości, Rządowe, Handlowe, Ekonomiczne, Fabryczne, Kontraktowe na Dobra, Summy, i Produkta. Zajmujący 3 miesiące kwiecień may czerwiec 1790. R.5. T. II. Warszawa 1790.</ref>
* 109,848 in 1790<ref>↑ Tabela: Summaryusz Generalny wszelkich dochodów Rzeczypospolitey tak w Koronie iako i w Litwie z kalkulacyą mil kwadratowych, tak со do dymów, podatków, iako i ludzi, w: Dziennik rządowo-ekonomiczno handlowy. Zaymuiący różne Wiadomości, Rządowe, Handlowe, Ekonomiczne, Fabryczne, Kontraktowe na Dobra, Summy, i Produkta. Zajmujący 3 miesiące kwiecień may czerwiec 1790. R.5. T. II. Warszawa 1790.</ref>


==Administration==
==Administration==
Line 59: Line 59:
==Voivodes==
==Voivodes==
*[[Stanisław Hlebowicz]]
*[[Stanisław Hlebowicz]]
*[[Olbracht Gasztołd]]
*[[Albertas Goštautas]]
*[[Stanisław Ościk]]
*[[Stanisław Ościk]]
*[[Piotr Kiszka]]
*[[Piotr Kiszka]]
Line 92: Line 92:
[[Category:Polotsk Voivodeship| ]]
[[Category:Polotsk Voivodeship| ]]
[[Category:Voivodeships of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth]]
[[Category:Voivodeships of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth]]
[[Category:Former voivodeships of Lithuania]]
[[Category:Former voivodeships of Grand Duchy of Lithuania]]
[[Category:1504 establishments in Lithuania]]
[[Category:1504 establishments in Lithuania]]
[[Category:1793 disestablishments in the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth]]
[[Category:1793 disestablishments in the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth]]
[[Category:Early Modern history of Belarus]]
[[Category:Early modern history of Belarus]]
[[Category:Polotsk]]
[[Category:Polotsk]]

Revision as of 20:53, 3 June 2024

Polotsk Voivodeship
Województwo połockie
Palatinatus Polocensis
Voivodeship of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, later Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth
1504–1793
Coat of arms of Polatsk
Coat of arms

Połock Voivodeship in red. Voivodeship's borders did not change since the Union of Lublin.

Połock Voivodeship in the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth
CapitalPołock
Area 
• 
21,800 km2 (8,400 sq mi)
History 
• Established
1504
1793
Political subdivisionsnone
Preceded by		 Succeeded by
Principality of Polotsk
Russian Empire
Today part ofBelarus
Russia

Polotsk or Połock Voivodeship (Latin: Palatinatus Polocensis; Lithuanian: Polocko vaivadija; Polish: Województwo połockie, Belarusian: Полацкае ваяводства) was a unit of administrative division and local government in the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth (Grand Duchy of Lithuania) since the 15th century until the partitions of Poland in 1793.

History

Połock, capital of the voivodeship, in the 16th century

The voivodeship history can be traced to the Principality of Polotsk, conquered by the Grand Duchy of Lithuania around late 14th / early 15th centuries. From 1504 the former Principality was recognized as a voivodeship.

Zygmunt Gloger in his monumental book Historical Geography of the Lands of Old Poland provides this description of the Połock Voivodeship:

“Połock, in Latin Polocia, Polocium, lies on the right bank of the Dvina, and is regarded as one of the oldest gords of Rus’. In the 13th century, the Principality of Polotsk was ruled by Kievan princes, but in app. 1225 it was seized by the Lithuanians under Duke Mindaugas (...) Duke Vytautas named the first starosta of Połock, and in app. 1500, the starosta was renamed into the Voivode of Połock, while the Duchy was turned into a voivodeship, divided into halves by the Dvina (...)

The voivodeship had two senators, who were the Voivode and the Castellan of Połock (...) Since it was not too large and its population was not numerous, furthermore, its capital was located in the middle, the voivodeship was not divided into counties. Its courts were located in Połock, where the sejmiks also took place. Połock Voivodeship had two envoys in the Sejm, and two deputies to the Lithuanian Tribunal”.

Population

  • 109,848 in 1790[1]

Administration

Voivodeship Governor (Wojewoda) seat:

Administrative division:

  • this voivodeship was not divided into counties

Number of Senators:

  • 2

Number of envoys in the Sejm:

  • 2

Voivodes

References

  1. ^ ↑ Tabela: Summaryusz Generalny wszelkich dochodów Rzeczypospolitey tak w Koronie iako i w Litwie z kalkulacyą mil kwadratowych, tak со do dymów, podatków, iako i ludzi, w: Dziennik rządowo-ekonomiczno handlowy. Zaymuiący różne Wiadomości, Rządowe, Handlowe, Ekonomiczne, Fabryczne, Kontraktowe na Dobra, Summy, i Produkta. Zajmujący 3 miesiące kwiecień may czerwiec 1790. R.5. T. II. Warszawa 1790.

Bibliography

55°29′17″N 28°48′26″E / 55.488099°N 28.807210°E / 55.488099; 28.807210

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