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| location_ts = Lee's Quarry, Taynton Down, Oxfordshire
| location_ts = Lee's Quarry, Taynton Down, Oxfordshire
}}
}}
The '''Taynton Limestone'''<ref name="middlejurassicdistribution">Weishampel, David B; et al. (2004). "Dinosaur distribution (Middle Jurassic, Europe)." In: Weishampel, David B.; Dodson, Peter; and Osmólska, Halszka (eds.): The Dinosauria, 2nd, Berkeley: University of California Press. Pp. 538–541. {{ISBN|0-520-24209-2}}.</ref> is a geological [[Formation (geology)|formation]] in [[Oxfordshire]] in the [[United Kingdom]]. It dates to the [[Middle Jurassic]], mid-[[Bathonian]] stage.<ref name=benson2009>Benson, R.B.J. (2009). "An assessment of variability in theropod dinosaur remains from the Bathonian (Middle Jurassic) of Stonesfield and New Park Quarry, UK and taxonomic implications for ''Megalosaurus bucklandii'' and ''Iliosuchus incognitus''." ''Palaeontology'', {{doi|10.1111/j.1475-4983.2009.00884.x}}</ref> It predominanty consists of ooidal grainstone.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bgs.ac.uk/lexicon/lexicon.cfm?pub=TY|title=Taynton Limestone Formation|last=|first=|date=|website=BGS Lexicon of Named Rock Units|publisher=|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=2019-09-21}}</ref> The term "'''Stonesfield Slate'''" refers to slaty limestone horizons within the formation that during the 18th and 19th centuries were extensively quarried for use in roof tiling within the vicinity of [[Stonesfield]], [[Oxfordshire]]. Previously these were thought to belong to the [[Sharp's Hill Formation]], but boreholes and shaft sections suggest that at least three horizons within the Taynton Limestone were quarried for the slate.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Boneham|first=B.F.W.|last2=Wyatt|first2=R.J.|date=1993-1|title=The stratigraphical position of the Middle Jurassic (Bathonian) Stonesfield Slate of Stonesfield, Oxfordshire, UK|url=https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0016787808800144|journal=Proceedings of the Geologists' Association|language=en|volume=104|issue=2|pages=123–136|doi=10.1016/S0016-7878(08)80014-4}}</ref> These horizons are well known for producing a diverse set of fossils including those of plants, insects as well as vertebrates, including some of the earliest known mammals, pterosaurs as well as those of first dinosaur ever described, ''[[Megalosaurus]].''
The '''Taynton Limestone'''<ref name="middlejurassicdistribution">Weishampel, David B; et al. (2004). "Dinosaur distribution (Middle Jurassic, Europe)." In: Weishampel, David B.; Dodson, Peter; and Osmólska, Halszka (eds.): The Dinosauria, 2nd, Berkeley: University of California Press. Pp. 538–541. {{ISBN|0-520-24209-2}}.</ref> is a geological [[Formation (geology)|formation]] in [[Oxfordshire]] in the [[United Kingdom]]. It dates to the [[Middle Jurassic]], mid-[[Bathonian]] stage.<ref name=benson2009>Benson, R.B.J. (2009). "An assessment of variability in theropod dinosaur remains from the Bathonian (Middle Jurassic) of Stonesfield and New Park Quarry, UK and taxonomic implications for ''Megalosaurus bucklandii'' and ''Iliosuchus incognitus''." ''Palaeontology'', {{doi|10.1111/j.1475-4983.2009.00884.x}}</ref> It predominantly consists of [[Oolite|ooidal]] [[grainstone]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bgs.ac.uk/lexicon/lexicon.cfm?pub=TY|title=Taynton Limestone Formation|website=BGS Lexicon of Named Rock Units|access-date=2019-09-21}}</ref> The term "'''Stonesfield Slate'''" refers to slaty limestone horizons within the formation that during the 18th and 19th centuries were extensively quarried for use in roof tiling within the vicinity of [[Stonesfield]], [[Oxfordshire]]. Previously these were thought to belong to the [[Sharp's Hill Formation]], but boreholes and shaft sections suggest that at least three horizons within the Taynton Limestone were quarried for the slate.<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Boneham|first1=B.F.W.|last2=Wyatt|first2=R.J.|date=January 1993|title=The stratigraphical position of the Middle Jurassic (Bathonian) Stonesfield Slate of Stonesfield, Oxfordshire, UK|journal=Proceedings of the Geologists' Association|volume=104|issue=2|pages=123–136|doi=10.1016/S0016-7878(08)80014-4}}</ref> These horizons are well known for producing a diverse set of fossils including those of plants, insects as well as vertebrates, including some of the earliest known mammals, pterosaurs as well as those of first dinosaur ever described, ''[[Megalosaurus]].''


== Vertebrate fauna ==
== Vertebrate fauna ==
=== Dinosaurs ===
=== Reptiles ===
{| class="wikitable" align="center" width="100%"
{| class="wikitable" align="center" width="100%"
|-
|-
! colspan="5" align="center" |'''[[Dinosaur]]s of the Stonesfield Slate'''
! colspan="7" align="center" |'''Reptiles of the Stonesfield Slate'''<ref name=":0" />
|-
|-
! Taxa
! Taxa
!Species
! Presence
! Material
! Description
!Location
! Notes
! Images
! Images
|-
|-
|''[[Iliosuchus]]''
|
|''I. incognitus''
* [[Dinosauria]]<ref name="middlejurassicdistribution" />
|Two ilia
# Possible dinosaur eggs.<ref name="middlejurassicdistribution" />
|
|
|A theropod dinosaur. Not distingusiable from ''[[Megalosaurus]]''
# Geographically present in Oxfordshire, England.<ref name="middlejurassicdistribution" />
|
|
| rowspan="99" |
[[Image:Megalosaurus dinosaur.png|thumb|center|200px|''[[Megalosaurus]]'']]
|-
|-
|''[[Megalosaurus]]''
|
|''M. bucklandii''
* ''[[Iliosuchus]]''<ref name="middlejurassicdistribution" />
|Isolated remains including several dentaries, maxillas and postcranial bones from multiple individuals
# ''I. incognitus''<ref name="middlejurassicdistribution" />
|
|
|A [[Megalosauridae|megalosaurid]] theropod dinosaur, also present in the [[Chipping Norton Formation|Chipping Norton]] and [[Sharp's Hill Formation]]s
# Geographically present in Oxfordshire, England.<ref name="middlejurassicdistribution" />
|[[File:Megalosaurus 5.svg|center|frameless]]
|
Two ilia.<ref name="table-4-1-73">"Table 4.1," in Weishampel, et al. (2004). Page 73.</ref>
|-
|-
|''[[Klobiodon]]<ref name="Martill18">Michael O’Sullivan; David M. Martill (2018). "Pterosauria of the Great Oolite Group (Bathonian, Middle Jurassic) of Oxfordshire and Gloucestershire, England". Acta Palaeontologica Polonica. Online edition. doi:10.4202/app.00490.2018.</ref>''
|
|''K. rochei''
* ''[[Megalosaurus]]''<ref name="middlejurassicdistribution" />
|Partial dentary with teeth
# ''M. bucklandii''<ref name="middlejurassicdistribution" />
|
|
|A [[Rhamphorhynchidae|rhamphorhynchid]] [[pterosaur]]
# Geographically present in Oxfordshire, England.<ref name="middlejurassicdistribution" />
|[[File:Klobiodon rochei.jpg|center|frameless]]
|
|-
|-
|''[[Protochelys]]''
|
|''P. blakii''
* ''[[Cetiosaurus]]''<ref name="middlejurassicdistribution" />
|Isolated epidermal scales, coracoid, plastron fragment<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Anquetin|first1=Jérémy|last2=Claude|first2=Julien|date=2008|title=Reassessment of the oldest British turtle: Protochelys from the Middle Jurassic Stonesfield Slate of Stonesfield, Oxfordshire, UK|url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/228495390|journal=Geodiversitas|volume=30|issue=2|pages=331–344}}</ref>
# .''C. oxoniensis''<ref name="middlejurassicdistribution" />
|
|
|Nomen dubium, [[Testudinata]] indet
# Geographically present in Oxfordshire, England.<ref name="middlejurassicdistribution" />
|
|
#
|-
|}

=== Pterosaurs ===
{| class="wikitable" align="center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="5" align="center" |'''[[Pterosaur]]s of the Stonesfield Slate'''
|-
! Taxa
! Presence
! Notes
! Images
|-
|-
|''[[Teleosaurus]]''
|''T. geoffroyi''
|
|
* ''"Pterodactylus" bucklandi''<ref name="jurptersum">Wellnhofer, Peter (1991). "Summary of Middle Jurassic Pterosaurs." ''The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Pterosaurs.'' London, UK: Salamander Books Limited. p. 81. {{ISBN|0-86101-566-5}}.</ref>
|
|
|An indeterminate [[Teleosauridae|Teleosaurid]]. Probably the same animal as ''Teleosaurus cadomensis''.
* Geographically present at [[Stonesfield]], Oxfordshire.<ref name="jurptersum" />
|
|
| rowspan="99" align="center"|
|-
|-
|[[Monofenestrata]]<ref name="Martill18" />
|Indeterminate
|Vertebrae
|
|
|
* ''"Rhamphorhynchus" depressirostris''<ref name="jurptersum"/>
|
|
* Geographically present at Sarsden near [[Chipping Norton]], Oxfordshire.<ref name="jurptersum" />
|-
|-
|[[Rhamphorhynchidae]]<ref name="Martill18" />
|Indeterminate
|Various isolated remains
|
|
|
* ''[[Klobiodon]] rochei''<ref name=Martill18>Michael O’Sullivan; David M. Martill (2018). "Pterosauria of the Great Oolite Group (Bathonian, Middle Jurassic) of Oxfordshire and Gloucestershire, England". Acta Palaeontologica Polonica. Online edition. doi:10.4202/app.00490.2018.</ref>
|
|
* Geographically present at [[Stonesfield]], Oxfordshire.<ref name="Martill18" />
|}
|}


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{| class="wikitable" align="center" width="100%"
{| class="wikitable" align="center" width="100%"
|-
|-
! colspan="7" align="center" |'''[[Mammaliamorph|Mammaliamorphs]] of the Stonesfield Slate'''<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://paleobiodb.org/classic/basicCollectionSearch?collection_no=59357|title=Stonesfield Slate quarries|last=|first=|date=|website=paleobiodb.org|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=2019-10-05}}</ref>
! colspan="7" align="center" |'''[[Mammaliamorph]]s of the Stonesfield Slate'''<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=Stonesfield Slate, near Oxford (BMNH fish)|url=http://www.fossilworks.org/cgi-bin/bridge.pl?a=collectionSearch&collection_no=131844|access-date=17 December 2021|website=fossilworks.org}}</ref>
|-
|-
! Taxa
! Taxa
Line 113: Line 103:
|''[[Amphilestes]]''
|''[[Amphilestes]]''
|''A. broderipii''
|''A. broderipii''
|Two left mandibles and right mandible
|Left Mandible and teeth
| rowspan="5" |Stonesfield Slate quarries
| rowspan="5" |Stonesfield Slate quarries
|[[Amphilestidae|Amphilestid]]
|[[Amphilestidae|Amphilestid]]
Line 121: Line 111:
|''A. prevostii''
|''A. prevostii''
|Partial left mandible and a right mandible
|Partial left mandible and a right mandible
| rowspan="2" |[[Amphitheriida|Amphitheriidae]]
| rowspan="2" |[[Amphitheriida]]e
| rowspan="2" |[[File:Amphitherium.jpg|center|frameless]]
|
|-
|-
|''A. rixoni''
|''A. rixoni''
|Right dentary
|Right dentary
|
|-
|-
|''[[Stereognathus]]''
|''[[Stereognathus]]''
|''S. ooliticus''
|''S. ooliticus''
|Teeth
|Teeth
|[[Tritylodontidae|Tritylodontid]]
|[[Tritylodontidae|Tritylodontid]]
|[[File:StereognathusooliticusToothOwen1857.png|center|frameless]]
|
|-
|-
|''[[Phascolotherium]]''
|''[[Phascolotherium]]''
|''P. bucklandii''
|''P. bucklandii''
|Right mandible and left ramus
|Dentary
|Amphilestid
|Amphilestid
|[[File:Stonsefield mammal.jpg|center|frameless]]
|}

=== Fish ===
{| class="wikitable" align="center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="7" align="center" |'''Fish of the Stonesfield Slate'''<ref name=":0" />
|-
! Taxa
!Species
! Material
!Location
! Notes
! Images
|-
|''[[Breviacanthus]]''
|''Breviacanthus brevis''
|
| rowspan="14" |Stonesfield Slate quarries
|
|
|-
|''[[Ganodus]]''
|Spp.
|
| rowspan="2" |[[Chimaera|Chimaeriformes]]
|
|-
|''[[Ischyodus]]''
|''Ischyodus emarginatus''
|
|
|-
|''[[Aspidorhynchus]]''
|''Aspidorhynchus crassus''
|
|
|
|-
|''[[Pholidophorus]]''
|Indeterminate
|
|
|
|-
|''[[Leptolepis]]''
|''Leptolepis disjectus''
|
|
|
|-
|''[[Pycnodus]]''
|Indeterminate
|
|
|
|-
|''[[Mesodon (fish)|Mesodon]]''
|''Mesodon tenuidens''
|
|
|
|-
|''[[Microdon (fish)|Microdon]]''
|''Microdon biserialis''
|
|
|
|-
|''[[Lepidotus]]''
|''Lepidotus tuberculatus''
|
|
|
|-
|''[[Macrosemius]]''
|''Macrosemius sp.''
|
|
|
|-
|''[[Undina (fish)|Undina]]''
|''Undina ? barroviensis''
|
|A [[coelacanth]]
|
|-
|''[[Ceratodus (genus)|Ceratodus]]''
|''Ceratodus phillipsi''
|
|A lungfish
|
|-
|''[[Egertonodus]]''<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Rees |first=Jan |last2=Underwood |first2=Charlie J. |date=January 2008 |title=Hybodont Sharks of the English Bathonian and Callovian (Middle Jurassic) |url=https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1475-4983.2007.00737.x |journal=Palaeontology |language=en |volume=51 |issue=1 |pages=117–147 |doi=10.1111/j.1475-4983.2007.00737.x |issn=0031-0239|doi-access=free }}</ref>
|''Egertonodus duffini''
|
|A [[hybodont]] shark
|
|-
|''[[Palaeocarcharias]]''?<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Underwood |first=Charlie J. |last2=Ward |first2=David J. |date=May 2004 |title=Neoselachian sharks and rays from the British Bathonian (Middle Jurassic) |url=https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.0031-0239.2004.00386.x |journal=Palaeontology |language=en |volume=47 |issue=3 |pages=447–501 |doi=10.1111/j.0031-0239.2004.00386.x |issn=0031-0239|doi-access=free }}</ref>
|Indeterminate
|
|
|Possibly the oldest [[lamniform]] shark
|
|
|}
|}
Line 144: Line 237:
{| class="wikitable" align="center" width="100%"
{| class="wikitable" align="center" width="100%"
|-
|-
! colspan="5" align="center" |'''[[Invertebrate]]s of the Stonesfield Slate'''
! colspan="7" align="center" |'''[[Invertebrate]]s of the Stonesfield Slate'''
|-
|-
! Taxa
! Taxa
!Species
! Presence
! Presence
!Material
! Notes
! Notes
! Images
! Images
|-
|-
|
|
'''Genus:'''
''[[Blapsium]]''
* ''[[Blapsium]]''
|''B. egertoni''
| rowspan="3" |Stonesfield Slate
|NHM, In. 34379, a ventral compression missing the head
| An [[Ommatidae|ommatine]] beetle
| [[File:Blapsium egertoni.jpg|center|frameless]]
|-
|''[[Palaeontina]]''
|''P. oolitica''
|Forewing
|Type species of [[Palaeontinidae]]
|
|
# Geographically present at [[Stonesfield]].<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.ca/books?id=ACtHAQAAIAAJ&pg=RA5-PA191&dq=blapsium&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiZ2YbHgsXTAhWZ3oMKHa05AP0Q6AEIJDAA#v=onepage&q=blapsium&f=false|title=United States Congressional Serial Set|date=1892-01-01|publisher=U.S. Government Printing Office|language=en}}</ref>
|
| rowspan="99" align="center"|
|-
|-
|''[[Pheugothemis]]''
|''P. westwoodi''
|
|Damsel-dragonfly of uncertain placement, while historically described as a member of Gomphidae, Huang et al. 2019 state that it "can[not] be accurately attributed to the Gomphidae, or even the Gomphida."
|
|-
|}

== Flora ==
The flora known from the Stonesfield Slate comprises a relatively diverse flora, with 25 morphospecies present. It primarily represents a coastal environment, perhaps seasonally dry with mangrove like environments. It is a noticeably different assemblage than the Yorkshire floras of equivalent age, possibly because the latter is thought to represent a deltaic, wetland environment.<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Cleal|first1=C. J.|last2=Rees|first2=P. M.|date=July 2003|title=The Middle Jurassic flora from Stonesfield, Oxfordshire, UK|journal=Palaeontology|volume=46|issue=4|pages=739–801|doi=10.1111/1475-4983.00319|issn=0031-0239|doi-access=free}}</ref>
{| class="wikitable" align="center" width="100%"
|-
! colspan="7" align="center" |'''Flora of the Stonesfield Slate'''
|-
! Taxa
!Species
! Material
!Location
! Notes
! Images
|-
|''cf. [[Dictyophyllum]]''
|Indeterminate
|
|
|Fern, Member of [[Dipteridaceae]]
|
|-
|''[[Phlebopteris]]''
|''P. woodwardii''
|
|
|Fern, Member of [[Matoniaceae]]
|
|-
|cf. ''[[Coniopteris]]''
|Indeterminate
|
|
|Fern, Member of [[Dicksoniaceae]]
|
|-
|''[[Sagenopteris]]''
|''S. colpodes''
|
|
|Member of [[Caytoniales]]
|
|-
|''[[Ctenozamites]]''
|''cf. leckenbyi''
|
|
|Member of [[Peltaspermales]]
|
|-
|''[[Pachypteris]]''
|''P. macrophylla''
|
|
|A "[[Pteridospermatophyta|Pteridosperm]]", likely either a member of [[Peltaspermales]] or [[Corystospermales]]
|
|-
|''[[Komlopteris]]''
|''K. speciosa''
|
|
|Member of [[Corystospermales]]
|
|-
|''[[Ctenis]]''
|''C. cf. sulcicaulis, sp''
|
|
|[[Cycad]]
|
|-
|[[Pilophyllum|''Ptilophyllum'']]
|''P. pectiniformis, P. cf hirsutum''
|
|
|Member of [[Bennettitales]]
|
|-
|''[[Sphenozamites]]''
|''S. bellii''
|
|
|Member of Bennettitales
|
|-
|?''[[Weltrichia]]''
|Indeterminate
|
|
|Member of Bennettitales
|
|-
|''[[Taeniopteris]]''
|''T. vittata''
|
|
|Member of Bennettitales
|
|-
|''[[Bucklandia]]''
|''B. bucklandii''
|
|
|Member of Bennettitales formerly ''Conites bucklandii''<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Doweld|first=Alexander B.|date=October 2012|title=(2099) Proposal to conserve the name Bucklandia Brongn. against Bucklandia Sternb. and Conites (fossil Gymnospermae , Cycadeoideopsida )|journal=Taxon|volume=61|issue=5|pages=1131–1132|doi=10.1002/tax.615033|issn=0040-0262|doi-access=free}}</ref>
|
|-
|''[[Ginkgo]]''
|''G.'' aff ''longifolius''
|
|
|Member of [[Ginkgoales]]
|
|-
|''[[Brachyphyllum]]''
|''B. expansum''
|
|
|Member of [[Pinales]]
|
|-
|''[[Elatocladus]]''
|''E. cf. laxus''
|
|
|Member of Pinales
|
|-
|''[[Masculostrobus]]''
|Indeterminate
|
|
|Member of Pinales
|
|-
|''[[Classostrobus]]''
|Indeterminate
|
|
|[[Cheirolepidiaceae]]
|
|-
|''[[Araucarites]]''
|''A. brodei''
|
|
|[[Araucariaceae]]
|
|-
|''[[Pelourdea]]''
|
|
|
|A conifer of uncetain affinities
|
|-
|''[[Carpolithes]]''
|''Carpolithes diospyriformis'', ''Carpolithes sp.''
|
|
|Plantae indet
|
|-
|''[[Phyllites]]''
|sp.
|
|
|Morphotaxon for leaves of uncertain affinities
|
|}
|}


Line 165: Line 440:
* [[List of dinosaur-bearing rock formations]]
* [[List of dinosaur-bearing rock formations]]


{{clearboth}}
{{clear}}


== References ==
== References ==
Line 179: Line 454:
[[Category:Jurassic System of Europe]]
[[Category:Jurassic System of Europe]]
[[Category:Limestone formations]]
[[Category:Limestone formations]]
[[Category:Fossiliferous stratigraphic units of Europe]]
[[Category:Fossiliferous stratigraphic units of the United Kingdom]]
[[Category:Paleontology in the United Kingdom]]
[[Category:Paleontology in the United Kingdom]]

Revision as of 15:24, 4 June 2024

Taynton Limestone
Stratigraphic range: Bathonian
↓
TypGeological formation
Unit ofGreat Oolite Group
UnderliesHampen Formation, Rutland Formation
OverliesFuller's Earth Formation, Sharp's Hill Formation, Horsehay Sand Formation
Thickness0-11 m
Lithology
PrimäreLimestone
OtherMarl, Sandstone
Standort
RegionOxfordshire
Land England
Type section
Named forTaynton, Oxfordshire
StandortLee's Quarry, Taynton Down, Oxfordshire

The Taynton Limestone[1] is a geological formation in Oxfordshire in the United Kingdom. It dates to the Middle Jurassic, mid-Bathonian stage.[2] It predominantly consists of ooidal grainstone.[3] The term "Stonesfield Slate" refers to slaty limestone horizons within the formation that during the 18th and 19th centuries were extensively quarried for use in roof tiling within the vicinity of Stonesfield, Oxfordshire. Previously these were thought to belong to the Sharp's Hill Formation, but boreholes and shaft sections suggest that at least three horizons within the Taynton Limestone were quarried for the slate.[4] These horizons are well known for producing a diverse set of fossils including those of plants, insects as well as vertebrates, including some of the earliest known mammals, pterosaurs as well as those of first dinosaur ever described, Megalosaurus.

Vertebrate fauna

Reptiles

Reptiles of the Stonesfield Slate[5]
Taxa Species Material Standort Notes Images
Iliosuchus I. incognitus Two ilia A theropod dinosaur. Not distingusiable from Megalosaurus
Megalosaurus M. bucklandii Isolated remains including several dentaries, maxillas and postcranial bones from multiple individuals A megalosaurid theropod dinosaur, also present in the Chipping Norton and Sharp's Hill Formations
Klobiodon[6] K. rochei Partial dentary with teeth A rhamphorhynchid pterosaur
Protochelys P. blakii Isolated epidermal scales, coracoid, plastron fragment[7] Nomen dubium, Testudinata indet
Teleosaurus T. geoffroyi An indeterminate Teleosaurid. Probably the same animal as Teleosaurus cadomensis.
Monofenestrata[6] Indeterminate Vertebrae
Rhamphorhynchidae[6] Indeterminate Various isolated remains

Mammaliamorphs

Mammaliamorphs of the Stonesfield Slate[5]
Taxa Species Material Standort Notes Images
Amphilestes A. broderipii Two left mandibles and right mandible Stonesfield Slate quarries Amphilestid
Amphitherium A. prevostii Partial left mandible and a right mandible Amphitheriidae
A. rixoni Right dentary
Stereognathus S. ooliticus Teeth Tritylodontid
Phascolotherium P. bucklandii Right mandible and left ramus Amphilestid

Fish

Fish of the Stonesfield Slate[5]
Taxa Species Material Standort Notes Images
Breviacanthus Breviacanthus brevis Stonesfield Slate quarries
Ganodus Spp. Chimaeriformes
Ischyodus Ischyodus emarginatus
Aspidorhynchus Aspidorhynchus crassus
Pholidophorus Indeterminate
Leptolepis Leptolepis disjectus
Pycnodus Indeterminate
Mesodon Mesodon tenuidens
Microdon Microdon biserialis
Lepidotus Lepidotus tuberculatus
Macrosemius Macrosemius sp.
Undina Undina ? barroviensis A coelacanth
Ceratodus Ceratodus phillipsi A lungfish
Egertonodus[8] Egertonodus duffini A hybodont shark
Palaeocarcharias?[9] Indeterminate Possibly the oldest lamniform shark

Invertebrate fauna

Invertebrates of the Stonesfield Slate
Taxa Species Presence Material Notes Images

Blapsium

B. egertoni Stonesfield Slate NHM, In. 34379, a ventral compression missing the head An ommatine beetle
Palaeontina P. oolitica Forewing Type species of Palaeontinidae
Pheugothemis P. westwoodi Damsel-dragonfly of uncertain placement, while historically described as a member of Gomphidae, Huang et al. 2019 state that it "can[not] be accurately attributed to the Gomphidae, or even the Gomphida."

Flora

The flora known from the Stonesfield Slate comprises a relatively diverse flora, with 25 morphospecies present. It primarily represents a coastal environment, perhaps seasonally dry with mangrove like environments. It is a noticeably different assemblage than the Yorkshire floras of equivalent age, possibly because the latter is thought to represent a deltaic, wetland environment.[10]

Flora of the Stonesfield Slate
Taxa Species Material Standort Notes Images
cf. Dictyophyllum Indeterminate Fern, Member of Dipteridaceae
Phlebopteris P. woodwardii Fern, Member of Matoniaceae
cf. Coniopteris Indeterminate Fern, Member of Dicksoniaceae
Sagenopteris S. colpodes Member of Caytoniales
Ctenozamites cf. leckenbyi Member of Peltaspermales
Pachypteris P. macrophylla A "Pteridosperm", likely either a member of Peltaspermales or Corystospermales
Komlopteris K. speciosa Member of Corystospermales
Ctenis C. cf. sulcicaulis, sp Cycad
Ptilophyllum P. pectiniformis, P. cf hirsutum Member of Bennettitales
Sphenozamites S. bellii Member of Bennettitales
?Weltrichia Indeterminate Member of Bennettitales
Taeniopteris T. vittata Member of Bennettitales
Bucklandia B. bucklandii Member of Bennettitales formerly Conites bucklandii[11]
Ginkgo G. aff longifolius Member of Ginkgoales
Brachyphyllum B. expansum Member of Pinales
Elatocladus E. cf. laxus Member of Pinales
Masculostrobus Indeterminate Member of Pinales
Classostrobus Indeterminate Cheirolepidiaceae
Araucarites A. brodei Araucariaceae
Pelourdea A conifer of uncetain affinities
Carpolithes Carpolithes diospyriformis, Carpolithes sp. Plantae indet
Phyllites sp. Morphotaxon for leaves of uncertain affinities

See also

References

  1. ^ Weishampel, David B; et al. (2004). "Dinosaur distribution (Middle Jurassic, Europe)." In: Weishampel, David B.; Dodson, Peter; and Osmólska, Halszka (eds.): The Dinosauria, 2nd, Berkeley: University of California Press. Pp. 538–541. ISBN 0-520-24209-2.
  2. ^ Benson, R.B.J. (2009). "An assessment of variability in theropod dinosaur remains from the Bathonian (Middle Jurassic) of Stonesfield and New Park Quarry, UK and taxonomic implications for Megalosaurus bucklandii and Iliosuchus incognitus." Palaeontology, doi:10.1111/j.1475-4983.2009.00884.x
  3. ^ "Taynton Limestone Formation". BGS Lexicon of Named Rock Units. Retrieved 2019-09-21.
  4. ^ Boneham, B.F.W.; Wyatt, R.J. (January 1993). "The stratigraphical position of the Middle Jurassic (Bathonian) Stonesfield Slate of Stonesfield, Oxfordshire, UK". Proceedings of the Geologists' Association. 104 (2): 123–136. doi:10.1016/S0016-7878(08)80014-4.
  5. ^ a b c "Stonesfield Slate, near Oxford (BMNH fish)". fossilworks.org. Retrieved 17 December 2021.
  6. ^ a b c Michael O’Sullivan; David M. Martill (2018). "Pterosauria of the Great Oolite Group (Bathonian, Middle Jurassic) of Oxfordshire and Gloucestershire, England". Acta Palaeontologica Polonica. Online edition. doi:10.4202/app.00490.2018.
  7. ^ Anquetin, Jérémy; Claude, Julien (2008). "Reassessment of the oldest British turtle: Protochelys from the Middle Jurassic Stonesfield Slate of Stonesfield, Oxfordshire, UK". Geodiversitas. 30 (2): 331–344.
  8. ^ Rees, Jan; Underwood, Charlie J. (January 2008). "Hybodont Sharks of the English Bathonian and Callovian (Middle Jurassic)". Palaeontology. 51 (1): 117–147. doi:10.1111/j.1475-4983.2007.00737.x. ISSN 0031-0239.
  9. ^ Underwood, Charlie J.; Ward, David J. (May 2004). "Neoselachian sharks and rays from the British Bathonian (Middle Jurassic)". Palaeontology. 47 (3): 447–501. doi:10.1111/j.0031-0239.2004.00386.x. ISSN 0031-0239.
  10. ^ Cleal, C. J.; Rees, P. M. (July 2003). "The Middle Jurassic flora from Stonesfield, Oxfordshire, UK". Palaeontology. 46 (4): 739–801. doi:10.1111/1475-4983.00319. ISSN 0031-0239.
  11. ^ Doweld, Alexander B. (October 2012). "(2099) Proposal to conserve the name Bucklandia Brongn. against Bucklandia Sternb. and Conites (fossil Gymnospermae , Cycadeoideopsida )". Taxon. 61 (5): 1131–1132. doi:10.1002/tax.615033. ISSN 0040-0262.
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