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| caption = Sumitra Devi in 1956
| caption = Sumitra Devi in 1956
| birth_name = Nilima Chattopadhyay<ref name=":2" />
| birth_name = Nilima Chattopadhyay<ref name=":2" />
| birth_date = {{birth date|df=y|1923|07|22}}<ref name=":2" /><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.fridaymoviez.com/celebrity/biography/sumitra-devi|title=Sumitra Devi|website=Friday Moviez|access-date=2018-08-24}}</ref>
| birth_date = {{birth date|df=y|1923|07|22}}<ref name=":2" /><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.fridaymoviez.com/celebrity/biography/sumitra-devi|title=Sumitra Devi|website=Friday Moviez|access-date=2018-08-24|archive-date=24 August 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190824065057/http://www.fridaymoviez.com/celebrity/biography/sumitra-devi|url-status=dead}}</ref>
| death_date = {{death date and age|1990|08|28|1923|07|22|df=y}}<ref name=":2" />
| death_date = {{death date and age|1990|08|28|1923|07|22|df=y}}<ref name=":2" />
| death_place = [[Mumbai]], [[India]]
| death_place = [[Mumbai]], [[India]]
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}}
}}


'''Sumitra Devi''' ({{audio|LL-Q9610 (ben)-Titodutta-সুমিত্রা দেবী.wav|listen}}; 22 July 1923 – 28 August 1990) was an Indian actress who is recognised for her work in [[Bollywood|Hindi]] as well as [[Cinema of West Bengal|Bengali cinema]] during the 1940s and 1950s.<ref name=":8">{{Cite web|url=https://www.cinestaan.com/people/sumitra-devi-81397|title=Sumitra Devi movies, filmography, biography and songs - Cinestaan.com|website=Cinestaan|access-date=2018-02-14}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://lyricstashan.com/category/actors/best-sumitra-devi-songs-lyrics-watch-online|title=Best Sumitra Devi song lyrics collection - LyricsTashan|last=lyricstashan.com|website=lyricstashan.com|access-date=2018-01-15}}</ref> She is most remembered for her role in the 1952 [[Bollywood|Hindi]] film ''[[Mamta (1952 film)|Mamta]]'' directed by Dada Gunjal. She was the recipient of [[Bengal Film Journalists' Association – Best Actress Award|BFJA Award for Best Actress]] for two times.<ref name=":5" /><ref name=":2" /> She was one of the exquisite beauties of her time and has been regarded as the most beautiful woman of her time by veterans such as [[Pradeep Kumar]] and [[Uttam Kumar]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=GoldenFrames: Sumitra Devi, the queen bee of Bengali cinema|url=https://photogallery.indiatimes.com/goldenframes-sumitra-devi-the-queen-bee-of-bengali-cinema-/articleshow/84667720.cms|url-status=live|access-date=15 October 2021|website=photogallery.indiatimes.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://mywordsnthoughts.com/myworld/bollywood/sumitra-devi-the-sedative-and-gorgeous-indian-actress-of-1940s-to-1960s/|title=Sumitra Devi – The sedative and gorgeous Indian actress of 1940s to 1960s|date=2019-06-18|website=My Words & Thoughts|language=en-US|access-date=2019-07-23}}</ref>
'''Sumitra Devi''' ({{audio|LL-Q9610 (ben)-Titodutta-সুমিত্রা দেবী.wav|listen}}; 22 July 1923 – 28 August 1990) was an Indian actress who is recognised for her work in [[Bollywood|Hindi]] as well as [[Cinema of West Bengal|Bengali cinema]] during the 1940s and 1950s.<ref name=":8">{{Cite web|url=https://www.cinestaan.com/people/sumitra-devi-81397|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180215024056/https://www.cinestaan.com/people/sumitra-devi-81397|url-status=live|archive-date=15 February 2018|title=Sumitra Devi movies, filmography, biography and songs - Cinestaan.com|website=Cinestaan|access-date=2018-02-14}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://lyricstashan.com/category/actors/best-sumitra-devi-songs-lyrics-watch-online|title=Best Sumitra Devi song lyrics collection - LyricsTashan|last=lyricstashan.com|website=lyricstashan.com|access-date=2018-01-15}}</ref> Widely regarded as one of the greatest actresses of her time, she is best remembered for her role in the 1952 [[Bollywood|Hindi]] film ''[[Mamta (1952 film)|Mamta]]'' directed by Dada Gunjal.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Bangla |first=Jago |date=2022-06-18 |title=হারানো দিনের স্মরণীয় নায়িকা, বিবি পটেশ্বরীতেই বাজিমাত সুমিত্রা দেবীর |url=https://jagobangla.in/memorable-heroine-sumitra-devi/ |access-date=2024-02-11 |website=JagoBangla |language=en-US}}</ref> She was the recipient of [[Bengal Film Journalists' Association – Best Actress Award|BFJA Award for Best Actress]] for two times.<ref name=":5" /><ref name=":2" /> She was one of the exquisite beauties of her time and has been regarded as the most beautiful woman of her time by veterans such as [[Pradeep Kumar]] and [[Uttam Kumar]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=GoldenFrames: Sumitra Devi, the queen bee of Bengali cinema|url=https://photogallery.indiatimes.com/goldenframes-sumitra-devi-the-queen-bee-of-bengali-cinema-/articleshow/84667720.cms|access-date=15 October 2021|website=photogallery.indiatimes.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://mywordsnthoughts.com/myworld/bollywood/sumitra-devi-the-sedative-and-gorgeous-indian-actress-of-1940s-to-1960s/|title=Sumitra Devi – The sedative and gorgeous Indian actress of 1940s to 1960s|date=2019-06-18|website=My Words & Thoughts|language=en-US|access-date=2019-07-23}}</ref>


In 1943 she was summoned for an interview and look test in the office of [[New Theatres]] and was finally cast opposite [[K. L. Saigal]] in Hemchander Chander’s ''[[Meri Bahen]]'' (1944).<ref name=":1" /> During the making of this film she was offered to play the lead in Apurba Mitra’s Bengali film ''Sandhi'' (1944) which happened to be her debut film.<ref name=":1" /> The film achieved enormous success and won her the [[Bengal Film Journalists' Association – Best Actress Award|BFJA Award for Best Actress]] in 1945.<ref name=":2" /> In the late 1940s she established herself as a leading actress of [[Bollywood]] with roles in films such as ''Vasiyatnama'' (1945), ''Bhai Dooj'' (1947), ''Oonch Neech'' (1948) and ''Vijay Yatra'' (1948).<ref name=":2" /> She was adulated for her role as a single mother in Gunjal's ''[[Mamta (1952 film)|Mamta]]'' (1952).<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.whatsuplife.in/kolkata/blog/best-bengali-actresses-kolkata/|title=Best Bengali Actresses Of All Times, Who Have Created Ripples!|work=What's Up Kolkata|access-date=2018-08-19|language=en-us}}</ref> Filmzack wrote, "She manipulated all her magnificent characteristics to vivify her role; her calmness, her softness, pain and pang and all were infused into one."<ref name=":1" /> She was further acclaimed for her role in films such as ''[[Deewana (1952 film)|Deewana]]'' (1952), ''Ghungroo'' (1952), ''[[Mayurpankh]]'' (1954), ''Chor Bazaar'' (1954) Raj Yogi Bharthari (1954) and ''[[Jagte Raho]]'' (1956).<ref name=":2" />
In 1943 she was summoned for an interview and look test in the office of [[New Theatres]] and was finally cast opposite [[K. L. Saigal]] in Hemchander Chander’s ''[[Meri Bahen]]'' (1944).<ref name=":1" /> During the making of this film she was offered to play the lead in Apurba Mitra’s Bengali film ''Sandhi'' (1944) which happened to be her debut film.<ref name=":1" /> The film achieved enormous success and won her the [[Bengal Film Journalists' Association – Best Actress Award|BFJA Award for Best Actress]] in 1945.<ref name=":2" /> In the late 1940s she established herself as a leading actress of [[Bollywood]] with roles in films such as ''Vasiyatnama'' (1945), ''Bhai Dooj'' (1947), ''Oonch Neech'' (1948) and ''Vijay Yatra'' (1948).<ref name=":2" /> She was adulated for her role as a single mother in Gunjal's ''[[Mamta (1952 film)|Mamta]]'' (1952).<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.whatsuplife.in/kolkata/blog/best-bengali-actresses-kolkata/|title=Best Bengali Actresses Of All Times, Who Have Created Ripples!|work=What's Up Kolkata|access-date=2018-08-19|language=en-us}}</ref> Filmzack wrote, "She manipulated all her magnificent characteristics to vivify her role; her calmness, her softness, pain and pang and all were infused into one."<ref name=":1" /> She was further acclaimed for her role in films such as ''[[Deewana (1952 film)|Deewana]]'' (1952), ''Ghungroo'' (1952), ''[[Mayurpankh]]'' (1954), ''Chor Bazaar'' (1954) Raj Yogi Bharthari (1954) and ''[[Jagte Raho]]'' (1956).<ref name=":2" />
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==Career==
==Career==
During her teenage, she was immensely influenced by the beauty and stature of the veteran actresses like [[Chandrabati Devi]] and [[Kanan Devi]] and aspired to be an actress.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web|title=Ten Most Beautiful Actresses of Bengali Cinema|url=https://filmsack.jimdo.com|access-date=2017-03-18|website=filmsack.jimdo.com|language=en-US}}</ref><ref name=":0" />
During her teenage, she was immensely influenced by the beauty and stature of the veteran actresses like [[Chandrabati Devi]] and [[Kanan Devi]] and aspired to be an actress.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web|title=Ten Most Beautiful Actresses of Bengali Cinema|url=https://filmsack.jimdo.com/|access-date=2017-03-18|website=filmsack.jimdo.com|language=en-US|archive-date=6 April 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170406112148/https://filmsack.jimdo.com/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name=":0" />


She decided to send an application letter along with a photograph of her own to the office of [[New Theatres]]. As her father was conservative, she decided to do it secretly and to make her plan fruitful, she sought the help of her younger brother Ranajit, who agreed to cooperate with her.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ritambangla.com/national/sumitra-devi-was-not-only-an-great-actress-but-a-good-human-being-as-well/|title=সকলকে আপন করে নেওয়ার ক্ষমতা ছিল সুমিত্রা দেবীর|date=2019-08-28|website=BAARTA TODAY|language=en-US|access-date=24 October 2019}}</ref> Her letter was answered and she was summoned for an interview and look test. At the office of [[New Theatres]], she was asked to read lines from [[Tarasankar Bandyopadhyay]]'s ''[[Ganadevata (novel)|Ganadevata]]'' and she mesmerized everyone present there with her beauty as well as her lucid, euphonic voice. She was chosen for the leading role opposite [[K. L. Saigal]] in [[New Theatres]]'s ''[[Meri Bahen]]'' (1944).<ref name=":9" /> Nilima adopted her screen name ''Sumitra Devi''.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rF8ABAAAQBAJ&q=sumitra+devi&pg=PA1994-IA432|title=Encyclopedia of Indian Cinema|last1=Rajadhyaksha|first1=Ashish|last2=Willemen|first2=Paul|date=2014-07-10|publisher=Routledge|isbn=9781135943257|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QPQ6CwAAQBAJ&q=sumitra+devi+actress&pg=PT124|title=K. L. Saigal: The Definitive Biography|last=Nevile|first=Pran|date=2011-05-11|publisher=Penguin UK|isbn=9789352141609|language=en}}</ref>
She decided to send an application letter along with a photograph of her own to the office of [[New Theatres]]. As her father was conservative, she decided to do it secretly and to make her plan fruitful, she sought the help of her younger brother Ranajit, who agreed to cooperate with her.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ritambangla.com/national/sumitra-devi-was-not-only-an-great-actress-but-a-good-human-being-as-well/|title=সকলকে আপন করে নেওয়ার ক্ষমতা ছিল সুমিত্রা দেবীর|date=2019-08-28|website=BAARTA TODAY|language=en-US|access-date=24 October 2019}}</ref> Her letter was answered and she was summoned for an interview and look test. At the office of [[New Theatres]], she was asked to read lines from [[Tarasankar Bandyopadhyay]]'s ''[[Ganadevata (novel)|Ganadevata]]'' and she mesmerized everyone present there with her beauty as well as her lucid, euphonic voice. She was chosen for the leading role opposite [[K. L. Saigal]] in [[New Theatres]]'s ''[[Meri Bahen]]'' (1944).<ref name=":9" /> Nilima adopted her screen name ''Sumitra Devi''.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rF8ABAAAQBAJ&q=sumitra+devi&pg=PA1994-IA432|title=Encyclopedia of Indian Cinema|last1=Rajadhyaksha|first1=Ashish|last2=Willemen|first2=Paul|date=2014-07-10|publisher=Routledge|isbn=9781135943257|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QPQ6CwAAQBAJ&q=sumitra+devi+actress&pg=PT124|title=K. L. Saigal: The Definitive Biography|last=Nevile|first=Pran|date=2011-05-11|publisher=Penguin UK|isbn=9789352141609|language=en}}</ref>
Though ''[[Meri Bahen]]'' was supposed to be the debut film of Sumitra Devi, she finally made her debut with Apurba Mitra's Bengali film ''Sandhi'' (1944), which became a huge hit at the box office.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://indiancine.ma/documents/DSP/4|title=Indiancine.ma|website=Indiancine.ma|access-date=2017-07-09}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2YpvBQAAQBAJ&q=sadhi+1944&pg=PA13|title=Hindi Cinema Ke 150 Sitare|last=Viplav|first=Vinod|date=19 January 2021 |isbn=9789350482957|language=hi}}</ref> There are different speculations regarding how she attained her role in ''Sandhi'' (1944). Anandalok wrote that she was stalled on her way to the shooting floor of ''[[Meri Bahen]]'', by Apurba Mitra who offered her to act in his directorial venture.<ref name=":7">বাংলা ছবির রূপসী নায়িকারা by [http://www.anandalok.com/ Anandalok] (August, 2005 ed.)</ref> Cineplot claimed that it was actually Sumitra Devi herself who proposed [[Debaki Bose]] to act in his film and it was [[Debaki Bose|Bose]] who finally cast her in his nephew Apurba Mitra's directorial venture. According to the source, Bose wanted to enquire whether she had her father's consent to step into filmdom. She confessed that she did not have and her father was too conservative to provide his consent to this. As Bose was keen to cast her, he requested [[Birendranath Sircar|B. N. Sircar]] to persuade her father, Murali Chattopadhyay to give his consent. As B. N. Sircar was the son of Sir M. N. Sirkar, an eminent advocate<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.upperstall.com/people/bn-sircar|title=BN Sircar|date=2010-12-01|access-date=2018-05-16|url-status=bot: unknown|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101201024309/http://www.upperstall.com/people/bn-sircar|archive-date=1 December 2010|df=dmy-all}}</ref> and a close friend to Murali Chattopadhyay, he finally yielded to Sircar's imploration and reluctantly gave his consent.<ref name=":8" /> After the film released, she was applauded for her unlaboured acting skill as well as credited as having an "outstanding luminous screen presence".<ref name=":0" /> The film revolves around the oscillating relationship between a father and his son as the latter marries Rekha instead of marrying a girl whom his father chose for him. She portrays Rekha who takes initiative in the reunion of the father-son duo.<ref>{{Cite web |title=সন্ধি |url=https://banglacinema100.com/movie-details/ZVhneE1XZ3hjSFprUVM5MmN6ZDFjMWxWZURsTWR6MDk= |access-date=2023-05-23 |website=banglacinema100.com |language=bn}}</ref> The film won her the [[Bengal Film Journalists' Association – Best Actress Award|Bengal Film Journalists' Association - Best Actress Award]] in 1945.{{Citation needed|date=February 2022}} ''[[Meri Bahen]]'' (1944) achieved remarkable success upon release. It became the fourth highest-grossing film of the year.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.boxofficeindia.com/showProd.php?itemCat=149&catName=MTk0NA==|title=Boxofficeindia.com|date=2013-10-16|access-date=2018-05-15|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131016220247/http://www.boxofficeindia.com/showProd.php?itemCat=149&catName=MTk0NA==|archive-date=16 October 2013|df=dmy-all}}</ref> She, then appeared in Soumyen Mukhopadhyay's Hindi film ''Vasiyatnama'' (1945) which was originally an adaptation of veteran Bengali author [[Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay|Bamkim Chandra Chattopadhyay]]'s famous novel ''Krishnakanter Will''.<ref name=":6" /> In this film, she played the character of a beautiful widow who seduces the male protagonist, elopes with him and ultimately gets killed by him. She earned rave reviews for her enticing as well as doleful performance in the film.<ref name=":0" /> Filmstaan wrote, "She had that melancholia which she manipulated together with her beauty to vitalize the character of Rohini."<ref name=":6">''অদম্য ছিল তার আকর্ষণ'' by Snehashish Chattopadhyay. Bhashyo (2007, November ed.)</ref> Her next big turn was Satish Dasgupta and Digambar Chattopadhay's directorial venture ''Pather Dabi'' (1947) which was an adaptation of the renowned Bengali author [[Sarat Chandra Chattopadhyay]]'s novel of the [[Pather Dabi|same name]] and also starred Debi Mukherjee in lead.<ref name=":6" /> She played [[Pather Dabi|Bharati]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=1947 - pather dabi.pdf |url=https://docs.google.com/viewerng/viewer?url=https://banglacinema100.com/uploads/individualmovie/503/pdf/1947+-+pather+dabi.pdf?v%3D2 |access-date=2023-06-02 |website=docs.google.com}}</ref> The film was a massive success at box office as its content dealt with the various aspects of contemporary Indian freedom movement.<ref name=":6" /> She attained positive review from critics for her performance in the film.<ref name="Mon" /> She was again paired with Mukherjee in Sushil Majumdar's ''Abhijog'' (1947), which became another huge success at box office.<ref name=":0" /> Her next turn was Hemchandra Chandra's bilingual venture ''Oonch Neech'' (1948) whose Bengali version was released under the title ''Pratibad''. The film achieved an enormous commercial success on both the national and regional front.<ref name=":6" /> She appeared in Niren Lahiri's bilingual film ''Vijay Yatra'' (1948) whose Bengali version was released under the title ''Joyjatra''.<ref name=":6" /> Her next big turn was Satish Dasgupta's ''Devi Chowdhurani'' (1949) which was an adaptation of the renowned Bengali author [[Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay]]'s classic novel of the same name.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-06-26 |title=সুমিত্রা দেবী 'দেবী চৌধুরাণী' হয়েছিলেন সুচিত্রা সেনের আগেই {{!}} TheWall |url=https://www.thewall.in/entertainment/special-feature-story-about-sumitra-debi-who-played-debi-choudhurani-before-suchitra-sen/ |access-date=2023-02-09 |language=en-US}}</ref> She delineated the character of a Prafulla who is abandoned by her clink, gets kidnapped by some ruffians but manages to escape and hides herself in a lone forest where she meets a person who trains her as the leading figure of his gang of robbers. Indian columnist [[Rinki Bhattacharya]] appreciated her performance. The film was a major success at box office.
Though ''[[Meri Bahen]]'' was supposed to be the debut film of Sumitra Devi, she finally made her debut with Apurba Mitra's Bengali film ''Sandhi'' (1944), which became a huge hit at the box office.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://indiancine.ma/documents/DSP/4|title=Indiancine.ma|website=Indiancine.ma|access-date=2017-07-09}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2YpvBQAAQBAJ&q=sadhi+1944&pg=PA13|title=Hindi Cinema Ke 150 Sitare|last=Viplav|first=Vinod|date=19 January 2021 |publisher=Prabhat Prakashan |isbn=9789350482957|language=hi}}</ref> There are different speculations regarding how she attained her role in ''Sandhi'' (1944). Anandalok wrote that she was stalled on her way to the shooting floor of ''[[Meri Bahen]]'', by Apurba Mitra who offered her to act in his directorial venture.<ref name=":7">বাংলা ছবির রূপসী নায়িকারা by [http://www.anandalok.com/ Anandalok] (August, 2005 ed.)</ref> Cineplot claimed that it was actually Sumitra Devi herself who proposed [[Debaki Bose]] to act in his film and it was [[Debaki Bose|Bose]] who finally cast her in his nephew Apurba Mitra's directorial venture. According to the source, Bose wanted to enquire whether she had her father's consent to step into filmdom. She confessed that she did not have and her father was too conservative to provide his consent to this. As Bose was keen to cast her, he requested [[Birendranath Sircar|B. N. Sircar]] to persuade her father, Murali Chattopadhyay to give his consent. As B. N. Sircar was the son of Sir M. N. Sirkar, an eminent advocate<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.upperstall.com/people/bn-sircar|title=BN Sircar|date=2010-12-01|access-date=2018-05-16|url-status=bot: unknown|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101201024309/http://www.upperstall.com/people/bn-sircar|archive-date=1 December 2010|df=dmy-all}}</ref> and a close friend to Murali Chattopadhyay, he finally yielded to Sircar's imploration and reluctantly gave his consent.<ref name=":8" /> After the film released, she was applauded for her unlaboured acting skill as well as credited as having an "outstanding luminous screen presence".<ref name=":0" /> The film revolves around the oscillating relationship between a father and his son as the latter marries Rekha instead of marrying a girl whom his father chose for him. She portrays Rekha who takes initiative in the reunion of the father-son duo.<ref>{{Cite web |title=সন্ধি |url=https://banglacinema100.com/movie-details/ZVhneE1XZ3hjSFprUVM5MmN6ZDFjMWxWZURsTWR6MDk= |access-date=2023-05-23 |website=banglacinema100.com |language=bn}}</ref> The film won her the [[Bengal Film Journalists' Association – Best Actress Award|Bengal Film Journalists' Association - Best Actress Award]] in 1945.{{Citation needed|date=February 2022}} ''[[Meri Bahen]]'' (1944) achieved remarkable success upon release. It became the fourth highest-grossing film of the year.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.boxofficeindia.com/showProd.php?itemCat=149&catName=MTk0NA==|title=Boxofficeindia.com|date=2013-10-16|access-date=2018-05-15|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131016220247/http://www.boxofficeindia.com/showProd.php?itemCat=149&catName=MTk0NA==|archive-date=16 October 2013|df=dmy-all}}</ref> She, then appeared in Soumyen Mukhopadhyay's Hindi film ''Vasiyatnama'' (1945) which was originally an adaptation of veteran Bengali author [[Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay|Bamkim Chandra Chattopadhyay]]'s famous novel ''Krishnakanter Will''.<ref name=":6" /> In this film, she played the character of a beautiful widow who seduces the male protagonist, elopes with him and ultimately gets killed by him. She earned rave reviews for her enticing as well as doleful performance in the film.<ref name=":0" /> Filmstaan wrote, "She had that melancholia which she manipulated together with her beauty to vitalize the character of Rohini."<ref name=":6">''অদম্য ছিল তার আকর্ষণ'' by Snehashish Chattopadhyay. Bhashyo (2007, November ed.)</ref> Her next big turn was Satish Dasgupta and Digambar Chattopadhay's directorial venture ''Pather Dabi'' (1947) which was an adaptation of the renowned Bengali author [[Sarat Chandra Chattopadhyay]]'s novel of the [[Pather Dabi|same name]] and also starred Debi Mukherjee in lead.<ref name=":6" /> She played [[Pather Dabi|Bharati]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=1947 - pather dabi.pdf |url=https://docs.google.com/viewerng/viewer?url=https://banglacinema100.com/uploads/individualmovie/503/pdf/1947+-+pather+dabi.pdf?v%3D2 |access-date=2023-06-02 |website=docs.google.com}}</ref> The film was a massive success at box office as its content dealt with the various aspects of contemporary Indian freedom movement.<ref name=":6" /> She attained positive review from critics for her performance in the film.<ref name="Mon" /> She was again paired with Mukherjee in Sushil Majumdar's ''Abhijog'' (1947), which became another huge success at box office.<ref name=":0" /> Her next turn was Hemchandra Chandra's bilingual venture ''Oonch Neech'' (1948) whose Bengali version was released under the title ''Pratibad''. The film achieved an enormous commercial success on both the national and regional front.<ref name=":6" /> She appeared in Niren Lahiri's bilingual film ''Vijay Yatra'' (1948) whose Bengali version was released under the title ''Joyjatra''.<ref name=":6" /> Her next big turn was Satish Dasgupta's ''Devi Chowdhurani'' (1949) which was an adaptation of the renowned Bengali author [[Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay]]'s classic novel of the same name.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-06-26 |title=সুমিত্রা দেবী 'দেবী চৌধুরাণী' হয়েছিলেন সুচিত্রা সেনের আগেই {{!}} TheWall |url=https://www.thewall.in/entertainment/special-feature-story-about-sumitra-debi-who-played-debi-choudhurani-before-suchitra-sen/ |access-date=2023-02-09 |language=en-US}}</ref> She delineated the character of a Prafulla who is abandoned by her clink, gets kidnapped by some ruffians but manages to escape and hides herself in a lone forest where she meets a person who trains her as the leading figure of his gang of robbers. Indian columnist [[Rinki Bhattacharya]] appreciated her performance.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Roy |first=Rinki |title=Give the Bollywood woman some respect! |url=https://www.rediff.com/movies/column/give-the-bollywood-woman-some-respect/20120717.htm |access-date=2023-09-23 |website=Rediff |language=en}}</ref> The film was a major success at box office.
[[File:Sumitra Devi in Mamta (1952).jpg|right|thumb|Sumitra Devi in ''[[Mamta (1952 film)|Mamta]]'' (1952)]]
[[File:Sumitra Devi in Mamta (1952).jpg|right|thumb|Sumitra Devi in ''[[Mamta (1952 film)|Mamta]]'' (1952)]]
In 1950, she appeared in Nitin Bose's Hindi film ''Mashaal'', which is based on ''Rajani'', a famous Bengali novel by the veteran author [[Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay|Bankim Chandra Chottopadhyay]]. She played the character of Tarangini who is in love with the character of Samar, played by [[Ashok Kumar]], but is compelled by her father to marry a wealthy landlord.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://myviewsonbollywood.wordpress.com/2016/11/09/when-bollywood-actresses-portrayed-blind-characters/|title=WHEN BOLLYWOOD ACTRESSES PORTRAYED BLIND CHARACTERS|last=findshars|date=2016-11-09|website=My Views On Bollywood|access-date=2017-07-16}}</ref> The film achieved critical as well as commercial success.<ref name="Mon">Inside the mind of an antress there was a bereaved Heart. Treatise on Sumitra Devi by Kamalaksha Dutta. Montage (1974, November ed.)</ref> The year 1952 saw four of her [[Bollywood]] releases ''[[Deewana (1952 film)|Deewana]]'', ''Ghunghroo'', ''[[Mamta (1952 film)|Mamta]]'', ''Raja Harischandra''. ''[[Deewana (1952 film)|Deewana]]'' and ''Ghunghroo'' received remarkable success at box office.<ref name="Mon" /> Her other releases were ''[[Mayurpankh]]'' (1954), ''Chor Bazaar'' (1954), ''[[Jagte Raho]]'' (1956)<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-features/tp-metroplus/JAGTE-RAHO1956/article15388343.ece|title=JAGTE RAHO1956|date=2008-08-30|work=The Hindu|access-date=2018-02-15|language=en-IN|issn=0971-751X}}</ref> and ''Delhi Darbar'' (1956), to name a few.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://indiancine.ma/grid/year/name=Sumitra_Devi|title=Indiancine.ma|website=Indiancine.ma|access-date=2017-07-19}}</ref>
In 1950, she appeared in Nitin Bose's Hindi film ''Mashaal'', which is based on ''Rajani'', a famous Bengali novel by the veteran author [[Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay|Bankim Chandra Chottopadhyay]]. She played the character of Tarangini who is in love with the character of Samar, played by [[Ashok Kumar]], but is compelled by her father to marry a wealthy landlord.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://myviewsonbollywood.wordpress.com/2016/11/09/when-bollywood-actresses-portrayed-blind-characters/|title=WHEN BOLLYWOOD ACTRESSES PORTRAYED BLIND CHARACTERS|last=findshars|date=2016-11-09|website=My Views On Bollywood|access-date=2017-07-16}}</ref> The film achieved critical as well as commercial success.<ref name="Mon">Inside the mind of an antress there was a bereaved Heart. Treatise on Sumitra Devi by Kamalaksha Dutta. Montage (1974, November ed.)</ref> The year 1952 saw four of her [[Bollywood]] releases ''[[Deewana (1952 film)|Deewana]]'', ''Ghunghroo'', ''[[Mamta (1952 film)|Mamta]]'', ''Raja Harischandra''. ''[[Deewana (1952 film)|Deewana]]'' and ''Ghunghroo'' received remarkable success at box office.<ref name="Mon" /> Her other releases were ''[[Mayurpankh]]'' (1954), ''Chor Bazaar'' (1954), Rajyogi Bharathi (1954), ''[[Jagte Raho]]'' (1956)<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-features/tp-metroplus/JAGTE-RAHO1956/article15388343.ece|title=JAGTE RAHO1956|date=2008-08-30|work=The Hindu|access-date=2018-02-15|language=en-IN|issn=0971-751X}}</ref> and ''Delhi Darbar'' (1956), to name a few.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://indiancine.ma/grid/year/name=Sumitra_Devi|title=Indiancine.ma|website=Indiancine.ma|access-date=2017-07-19}}</ref>


[[File:Sumitra Devi in Aandhare Alo (1957).jpg|left|thumb|Sumitra Devi in ''Aandhare Alo'' (1957)]]
[[File:Sumitra Devi in Aandhare Alo (1957).jpg|left|thumb|Sumitra Devi in ''Aandhare Alo'' (1957)]]
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[[File:Sumitra Devi in Andhare Alo (1957).jpg|right|thumb|Sumitra Devi in ''Andhare Alo'' (1957)]]
[[File:Sumitra Devi in Andhare Alo (1957).jpg|right|thumb|Sumitra Devi in ''Andhare Alo'' (1957)]]


In 1958, she was paired with [[Uttam Kumar]] in Jiban Gangopadhgay's ambitious venture ''Joutuk''. Sumitra Devi's reign began to slow down in the sixties. In 1964, she rendered the character of [[Draupadi]] in Chandrakant Gor's Hindi film ''Veer Bhimsen''. In the same year, she appeared in O. C. Gangopadhyay's ''Kinu Gowalar Gali'', where she played the character of a woman who is desperate to win back her husband's love for her.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=https://filmsack.jimdo.com/sumitra-devi-an-unsurpassable-beauty-of-bengali-cinema/|title=Sumitra Devi : An Unsurpassable beauty of Bengali cinema|website=filmsack.jimdo.com|language=en-US|access-date=2017-07-16}}</ref><ref name=":4">{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9uJkAAAAMAAJ&q=editions:ISBN8123006462|title=Indian cinema|date=1998-01-01|publisher=Publication Division, Ministry of Information and Broadcasting, Government of India|isbn=9788123006468|language=en}}</ref>
In 1958, she was paired with [[Uttam Kumar]] in Jiban Gangopadhgay's ambitious venture ''Joutuk''. Sumitra Devi's reign began to slow down in the sixties. In 1964, she rendered the character of [[Draupadi]] in Chandrakant Gor's Hindi film ''Veer Bhimsen''. In O. C. Gangopadhyay's ''Kinu Gowalar Gali'' (1964), she enacted the role of Shanti who is desperate to win back her husband's love for her.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2015-01-24 |title=কিনু গোয়ালার গলি চলচ্চিত্র - Acting Gurukul [ অভিনয় গুরুকুল ] GOLN |url=https://actinggoln.com/%e0%a6%95%e0%a6%bf%e0%a6%a8%e0%a7%81-%e0%a6%97%e0%a7%8b%e0%a6%af%e0%a6%bc%e0%a6%be%e0%a6%b2%e0%a6%be%e0%a6%b0-%e0%a6%97%e0%a6%b2%e0%a6%bf-%e0%a6%9a%e0%a6%b2%e0%a6%9a%e0%a7%8d%e0%a6%9a%e0%a6%bf/ |access-date=2024-05-05 |website=actinggoln.com |language=en-US}}</ref> Her performance in the film won critical favour.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=https://filmsack.jimdo.com/sumitra-devi-an-unsurpassable-beauty-of-bengali-cinema/|title=Sumitra Devi : An Unsurpassable beauty of Bengali cinema|website=filmsack.jimdo.com|language=en-US|access-date=2017-07-16|archive-date=7 January 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180107175528/https://filmsack.jimdo.com/sumitra-devi-an-unsurpassable-beauty-of-bengali-cinema/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name=":4">{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9uJkAAAAMAAJ&q=editions:ISBN8123006462|title=Indian cinema|date=1998-01-01|publisher=Publication Division, Ministry of Information and Broadcasting, Government of India|isbn=9788123006468|language=en}}</ref>


== Personal life ==
== Personal life ==
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| I think I would walk out of a lot of due compliments if I just use the term ‘beautiful’ to describe Sumitra Devi. She has the face that can arrest an unblinking gaze for long. She is marvellous. At the same time, I hold regards to the noble way she demonstrates herself. It is her etiquette and politeness that brighten up her beauty.
| I think I would walk out of a lot of due compliments if I just use the term ‘beautiful’ to describe Sumitra Devi. She has the face that can arrest an unblinking gaze for long. She is marvellous. At the same time, I hold regards to the noble way she demonstrates herself. It is her etiquette and politeness that brighten up her beauty.
}}
}}
Sumitra Devi was known for her exquisite beauty and subtle administration of seduction. It was said that she often cast her spell on the actors, directors, producers and journalists of her time.<ref name="Mon" /> Her ''Dasyu Mohan'' co-actor [[Pradeep Kumar]], who described her as an "instance of the perfect harmonization of beauty and glory", used to come to the set of the film even when he had no schedule of shooting and spend his time sitting by and watching her raptly.<ref name=":7" /> [[Uttam Kumar]] too, was spellbound before her on the set of Kartik Chattopadhyay's ''[[Saheb Bibi Golam (Film)|Saheb Bibi Golam]].''<ref name="Mon" /> [[Raj Kapoor]] said: "Sumitra Devi doesn't need any reference; she is beautiful than anything else." [[Shammi Kapoor]] said: "She has the face that can arrest an unblinking gaze for long."<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|url=https://filmzack.wordpress.com/2017/06/01/sumitra-devi-an-unsurpassable-beauty-before-the-genre-of-suchitra-sen/|title=Sumitra Devi – An Unsurpassable Beauty Before the Genre of Suchitra Sen|last=Stobok|first=Author|date=2017-06-01|website=Filmzack|access-date=2017-07-15}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=TdM2Ben3alIC&q=sumitra+devi+actress|title=Wanted Cultured Ladies Only!: Female Stardom and Cinema in India, 1930s-1950s|last=Majumdar|first=Neepa|date=2010-10-01|publisher=University of Illinois Press|isbn=9780252091780|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hN6mBAAAQBAJ&q=sumitra%20devi%20actress|title=Bollywood: A History|last=Bose|first=Mihir|date=2008-05-09|publisher=Roli Books Private Limited|isbn=9789351940456|language=en}}</ref>
Sumitra Devi was known for her exquisite beauty and subtle administration of seduction. It was said that she often cast her spell on the actors, directors, producers and journalists of her time.<ref name="Mon" /> Her ''Dasyu Mohan'' co-actor [[Pradeep Kumar]], who described her as an "instance of the perfect harmonization of beauty and glory", used to come to the set of the film even when he had no schedule of shooting and spend his time sitting by and watching her raptly.<ref name=":7" /> [[Uttam Kumar]] too, was spellbound before her on the set of Kartik Chattopadhyay's ''[[Saheb Bibi Golam (Film)|Saheb Bibi Golam]].''<ref name="Mon" /> [[Raj Kapoor]] said: "Sumitra Devi doesn't need any reference; she is beautiful than anything else." [[Shammi Kapoor]] said: "She has the face that can arrest an unblinking gaze for long."<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |last=Stobok |date=2017-06-01 |title=Sumitra Devi – An Unsurpassable Beauty Before the Genre of Suchitra Sen |url=https://filmzack.wordpress.com/2017/06/01/sumitra-devi-an-unsurpassable-beauty-before-the-genre-of-suchitra-sen/ |access-date=2017-07-15 |website=Filmzack}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=TdM2Ben3alIC&q=sumitra+devi+actress|title=Wanted Cultured Ladies Only!: Female Stardom and Cinema in India, 1930s-1950s|last=Majumdar|first=Neepa|date=2010-10-01|publisher=University of Illinois Press|isbn=9780252091780|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hN6mBAAAQBAJ&q=sumitra%20devi%20actress|title=Bollywood: A History|last=Bose|first=Mihir|date=2008-05-09|publisher=Roli Books Private Limited|isbn=9789351940456|language=en}}</ref>


==Filmography==
==Filmography==
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|Hem Chunder
|Hem Chunder
|
|
|<ref name=":9">{{Cite web|url=https://www.cinestaan.com/movies/meri-bahen-14028|title=Meri Bahen (1944) - Review, Star Cast, News, Photos {{!}} Cinestaan|website=Cinestaan|access-date=2018-05-15}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://osianama.com/film-titles/meri-bahen-1944|title=Meri Bahen|website=osianama.com|language=en|access-date=2017-07-09}}</ref>
|<ref name=":9">{{Cite web|url=https://www.cinestaan.com/movies/meri-bahen-14028|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180515193949/https://www.cinestaan.com/movies/meri-bahen-14028|url-status=live|archive-date=15 May 2018|title=Meri Bahen (1944) - Review, Star Cast, News, Photos|website=Cinestaan|access-date=2018-05-15}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://osianama.com/film-titles/meri-bahen-1944|title=Meri Bahen|website=osianama.com|language=en|access-date=2017-07-09}}</ref>
|-
|-
|1945
|1945
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|Soumyen Mukherji
|Soumyen Mukherji
|
|
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.cinestaan.com/movies/wasiatnama-1176|title=Wasiatnama (1945) - Review, Star Cast, News, Photos {{!}} Cinestaan|website=Cinestaan|access-date=2018-05-15}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://muvyz.com/moviepage/gn882816|title=Wasiyatnama (1945) {{!}} Hindi Movie Review, Songs, Trailer, Videos - Bollywood MuVyz|website=Wasiyatnama (1945) {{!}} Hindi Movie Review, Songs, Trailer, Videos - Bollywood MuVyz|access-date=2017-07-16}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.worldfilmcatalogueindia.com/details_page.aspx?RequestId=369509|title=WFC World Film Catalogue|website=www.worldfilmcatalogueindia.com|language=en|access-date=2018-01-12}}</ref>
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.cinestaan.com/movies/wasiatnama-1176|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180515185427/https://www.cinestaan.com/movies/wasiatnama-1176|url-status=live|archive-date=15 May 2018|title=Wasiatnama (1945) - Review, Star Cast, News, Photos|website=Cinestaan|access-date=2018-05-15}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://muvyz.com/moviepage/gn882816|title=Wasiyatnama (1945) {{!}} Hindi Movie Review, Songs, Trailer, Videos - Bollywood MuVyz|website=Wasiyatnama (1945) {{!}} Hindi Movie Review, Songs, Trailer, Videos - Bollywood MuVyz|access-date=2017-07-16}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.worldfilmcatalogueindia.com/details_page.aspx?RequestId=369509|title=WFC World Film Catalogue|website=www.worldfilmcatalogueindia.com|language=en|access-date=2018-01-12|archive-date=12 January 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180112162342/http://www.worldfilmcatalogueindia.com/details_page.aspx?RequestId=369509|url-status=dead}}</ref>
|-
|-
|1947
|1947
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|Hemchandra Chunder
|Hemchandra Chunder
|
|
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.cinestaan.com/movies/oonch-neech-1468|title=Oonch Neech (1948) - Review, Star Cast, News, Photos {{!}} Cinestaan|website=Cinestaan|access-date=2018-05-15}}</ref>
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.cinestaan.com/movies/oonch-neech-1468|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180515190932/https://www.cinestaan.com/movies/oonch-neech-1468|url-status=live|archive-date=15 May 2018|title=Oonch Neech (1948) - Review, Star Cast, News, Photos|website=Cinestaan|access-date=2018-05-15}}</ref>
|-
|-
!scope="row"|'''''Vijay Yatra'''''
!scope="row"|'''''Vijay Yatra'''''
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|[[Nitin Bose]]
|[[Nitin Bose]]
|
|
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.cinestaan.com/movies/mashal-14254|title=Mashal (1950) - Review, Star Cast, News, Photos {{!}} Cinestaan|website=Cinestaan|access-date=2018-05-15}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://osianama.com/film-titles/mashal-1950|title=Mashal|website=osianama.com|language=en|access-date=2017-07-09}}</ref>
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.cinestaan.com/movies/mashal-14254|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180515192437/https://www.cinestaan.com/movies/mashal-14254|url-status=live|archive-date=15 May 2018|title=Mashal (1950) - Review, Star Cast, News, Photos|website=Cinestaan|access-date=2018-05-15}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://osianama.com/film-titles/mashal-1950|title=Mashal|website=osianama.com|language=en|access-date=2017-07-09}}</ref>
|-
|-
| rowspan="4" |1952
| rowspan="4" |1952
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|[[Abdur Rashid Kardar]]
|[[Abdur Rashid Kardar]]
|
|
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.cinestaan.com/movies/diwana-7328|title=Diwana (1952) - Review, Star Cast, News, Photos {{!}} Cinestaan|website=Cinestaan|access-date=2018-05-15}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://osianama.com/film-titles/diwana-1952|title=Diwana|website=osianama.com|language=en|access-date=2018-02-27}}</ref>
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.cinestaan.com/movies/diwana-7328|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171028095604/https://www.cinestaan.com/movies/diwana-7328|url-status=live|archive-date=28 October 2017|title=Diwana (1952) - Review, Star Cast, News, Photos|website=Cinestaan|access-date=2018-05-15}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://osianama.com/film-titles/diwana-1952|title=Diwana|website=osianama.com|language=en|access-date=2018-02-27}}</ref>
|-
|-
!scope="row"|'''''[[Mamta (1952 film)|Mamta]]'''''
!scope="row"|'''''[[Mamta (1952 film)|Mamta]]'''''
|Gunjal
|Gunjal
|
|
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.cinestaan.com/movies/mamta-1889|title=Mamta (1952) - Review, Star Cast, News, Photos {{!}} Cinestaan|website=Cinestaan|access-date=2018-05-15}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://osianama.com/film-titles/mamta-1952|title=Mamta|website=osianama.com|language=en|access-date=2017-07-09}}</ref>
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.cinestaan.com/movies/mamta-1889|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180515193945/https://www.cinestaan.com/movies/mamta-1889|url-status=live|archive-date=15 May 2018|title=Mamta (1952) - Review, Star Cast, News, Photos|website=Cinestaan|access-date=2018-05-15}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://osianama.com/film-titles/mamta-1952|title=Mamta|website=osianama.com|language=en|access-date=2017-07-09}}</ref>
|-
|-
!scope="row"|'''''Raja Harischandra'''''
!scope="row"|'''''Raja Harischandra'''''
|Raman B. Desai
|Raman B. Desai
|
|
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.cinestaan.com/movies/raja-harishchandra-1884|title=Raja Harishchandra (1952) - Review, Star Cast, News, Photos {{!}} Cinestaan|website=Cinestaan|access-date=2018-05-15}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://osianama.com/film-titles/raja-harischandra-1952|title=Raja Harischandra|website=osianama.com|language=en|access-date=2017-07-15}}</ref>
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.cinestaan.com/movies/raja-harishchandra-1884|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180515193942/https://www.cinestaan.com/movies/raja-harishchandra-1884|url-status=live|archive-date=15 May 2018|title=Raja Harishchandra (1952) - Review, Star Cast, News, Photos|website=Cinestaan|access-date=2018-05-15}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://osianama.com/film-titles/raja-harischandra-1952|title=Raja Harischandra|website=osianama.com|language=en|access-date=2017-07-15}}</ref>
|-
|-
!scope="row"|'''''Ghungroo'''''
!scope="row"|'''''Ghungroo'''''
|Hiren Bose
|Hiren Bose
|
|
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.cinestaan.com/movies/ghungroo-1905|title=Ghungroo (1952) - Review, Star Cast, News, Photos {{!}} Cinestaan|website=Cinestaan|access-date=2018-05-15}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://osianama.com/film-titles/ghungroo-1952|title=Ghungroo|website=osianama.com|language=en|access-date=2017-07-09}}</ref>
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.cinestaan.com/movies/ghungroo-1905|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201127064316/https://www.cinestaan.com/movies/ghungroo-1905|url-status=dead|archive-date=27 November 2020|title=Ghungroo (1952) - Review, Star Cast, News, Photos|website=Cinestaan|access-date=2018-05-15}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://osianama.com/film-titles/ghungroo-1952|title=Ghungroo|website=osianama.com|language=en|access-date=2017-07-09}}</ref>
|-
|-
| rowspan="3" |1954
| rowspan="3" |1954
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|P. N. Arora
|P. N. Arora
|
|
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.cinestaan.com/movies/chor-bazar-2109|title=Chor Bazar (1954) - Review, Star Cast, News, Photos {{!}} Cinestaan|website=Cinestaan|access-date=2018-05-15}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://osianama.com/film-titles/chor-bazaar-1954|title=Chor Bazaar|website=osianama.com|language=en|access-date=2017-07-15}}</ref>
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.cinestaan.com/movies/chor-bazar-2109|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180515193952/https://www.cinestaan.com/movies/chor-bazar-2109|url-status=live|archive-date=15 May 2018|title=Chor Bazar (1954) - Review, Star Cast, News, Photos|website=Cinestaan|access-date=2018-05-15}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://osianama.com/film-titles/chor-bazaar-1954|title=Chor Bazaar|website=osianama.com|language=en|access-date=2017-07-15}}</ref>
|-
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!scope="row"|'''''Raj Yogi Bharthari'''''
!scope="row"|'''''Raj Yogi Bharthari'''''
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| rowspan="2" |1955
| rowspan="2" |1955
!scope="row"|'''''Ganga Maiya'''''
!scope="row"|'''''Ganga Maiya'''''
|Chandrakant Gor
|[[Chandrakant Gaur]]
|
|
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://osianama.com/film-titles/ganga-maiya-1955|title=Ganga Maiya|website=osianama.com|language=en|access-date=2017-07-09}}</ref>
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://osianama.com/film-titles/ganga-maiya-1955|title=Ganga Maiya|website=osianama.com|language=en|access-date=2017-07-09}}</ref>
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|Satish Dasgupta,<br/>Digambar Chattopadhyay
|Satish Dasgupta,<br/>Digambar Chattopadhyay
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|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.cinestaan.com/movies/pather-daabi-35362|title=Pather Daabi (1947) - Cinestaan.com|website=Cinestaan|access-date=2018-02-27}}</ref>
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.cinestaan.com/movies/pather-daabi-35362|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180228163345/https://www.cinestaan.com/movies/pather-daabi-35362|url-status=live|archive-date=28 February 2018|title=Pather Daabi (1947) - Cinestaan.com|website=Cinestaan|access-date=2018-02-27}}</ref>
|-
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!scope="row"|'''''Abhijog'''''
!scope="row"|'''''Abhijog'''''

Revision as of 01:41, 8 June 2024

Sumitra Devi
Sumitra Devi in 1956
Born
Nilima Chattopadhyay[1]

(1923-07-22)22 July 1923[1][2]
Shiuri, Birbhum, Bengal Presidency, British India[1]
Died28 August 1990(1990-08-28) (aged 67)[1]
Mumbai, India
NationalityIndian
Alma materDeshbandhu Girls' High School, Kolkata[1]
OccupationActress
Years active1944–1964
1974–1977
Era1940s
1950s
Notable workSandhi
Meri Bahen
Pather Dabi
Abhijog
Devi Chowdhurani
Swami
Mamta
Saheb Bibi Golam
Jagte Raho
Andhare Alo
Joutuk
Kinu Gowalar Gali
SpouseDebi Mukherjee[1]
Children1
AwardsBFJA Awards[1]

Sumitra Devi (listenⓘ; 22 July 1923 – 28 August 1990) was an Indian actress who is recognised for her work in Hindi as well as Bengali cinema during the 1940s and 1950s.[3][4] Widely regarded as one of the greatest actresses of her time, she is best remembered for her role in the 1952 Hindi film Mamta directed by Dada Gunjal.[5] She was the recipient of BFJA Award for Best Actress for two times.[6][1] She was one of the exquisite beauties of her time and has been regarded as the most beautiful woman of her time by veterans such as Pradeep Kumar and Uttam Kumar.[7][8]

In 1943 she was summoned for an interview and look test in the office of New Theatres and was finally cast opposite K. L. Saigal in Hemchander Chander’s Meri Bahen (1944).[9] During the making of this film she was offered to play the lead in Apurba Mitra’s Bengali film Sandhi (1944) which happened to be her debut film.[9] The film achieved enormous success and won her the BFJA Award for Best Actress in 1945.[1] In the late 1940s she established herself as a leading actress of Bollywood with roles in films such as Vasiyatnama (1945), Bhai Dooj (1947), Oonch Neech (1948) and Vijay Yatra (1948).[1] She was adulated for her role as a single mother in Gunjal's Mamta (1952).[10] Filmzack wrote, "She manipulated all her magnificent characteristics to vivify her role; her calmness, her softness, pain and pang and all were infused into one."[9] She was further acclaimed for her role in films such as Deewana (1952), Ghungroo (1952), Mayurpankh (1954), Chor Bazaar (1954) Raj Yogi Bharthari (1954) and Jagte Raho (1956).[1]

She sustained her career in Bengali cinema also with films such as Abhijog (1947), Pather Dabi (1947), Pratibad (1948), Joyjatra (1948), Swami (1949), Devi Chowdhurani (1949), Samar (1950), Dasyu Mohan (1955).[9] She has been idolized for her role as the beautiful alcoholic wife of a landlord in Kartik Chattopadhyay's cult classic Saheb Bibi Golam (1956) which is an adaptation of Bimal Mitra's classic novel of the same name.[11][12] Her portrayal of Bijali, a nautch girl with a bereaved heart in Haridas Bhattacharya’s National Award winning Bengali film Aandhare Alo (1957) acquired an overwhelmed critical response.[13][11] She also garnered acclamation for her roles in Bengali films such as Ekdin Ratre (1956), Nilachaley Mahaprabhu (1957), Joutuk (1958) and Kinu Gowalar Gali (1964).[11][6] In the late fifties, she was invited to the Asian Film Festival in China as a delegate from India.[11]

Early life

Sumitra Devi was born in 1923 at Shiuri, in Birbhum, West Bengal. Her original name was Nilima Chattopadhyay. Her father Murali Chattopadhyay was an advocate.[1] Her brother's name was Ranajit Chattopadhyay. She was brought up in Muzaffarpur, Bihar. Her family shifted to Calcutta after their house and estate in Muzaffarpur was demolished due to a major earthquake.[11]

Career

During her teenage, she was immensely influenced by the beauty and stature of the veteran actresses like Chandrabati Devi and Kanan Devi and aspired to be an actress.[14][11]

She decided to send an application letter along with a photograph of her own to the office of New Theatres. As her father was conservative, she decided to do it secretly and to make her plan fruitful, she sought the help of her younger brother Ranajit, who agreed to cooperate with her.[15] Her letter was answered and she was summoned for an interview and look test. At the office of New Theatres, she was asked to read lines from Tarasankar Bandyopadhyay's Ganadevata and she mesmerized everyone present there with her beauty as well as her lucid, euphonic voice. She was chosen for the leading role opposite K. L. Saigal in New Theatres's Meri Bahen (1944).[16] Nilima adopted her screen name Sumitra Devi.[17][18] Though Meri Bahen was supposed to be the debut film of Sumitra Devi, she finally made her debut with Apurba Mitra's Bengali film Sandhi (1944), which became a huge hit at the box office.[19][20] There are different speculations regarding how she attained her role in Sandhi (1944). Anandalok wrote that she was stalled on her way to the shooting floor of Meri Bahen, by Apurba Mitra who offered her to act in his directorial venture.[21] Cineplot claimed that it was actually Sumitra Devi herself who proposed Debaki Bose to act in his film and it was Bose who finally cast her in his nephew Apurba Mitra's directorial venture. According to the source, Bose wanted to enquire whether she had her father's consent to step into filmdom. She confessed that she did not have and her father was too conservative to provide his consent to this. As Bose was keen to cast her, he requested B. N. Sircar to persuade her father, Murali Chattopadhyay to give his consent. As B. N. Sircar was the son of Sir M. N. Sirkar, an eminent advocate[22] and a close friend to Murali Chattopadhyay, he finally yielded to Sircar's imploration and reluctantly gave his consent.[3] After the film released, she was applauded for her unlaboured acting skill as well as credited as having an "outstanding luminous screen presence".[11] The film revolves around the oscillating relationship between a father and his son as the latter marries Rekha instead of marrying a girl whom his father chose for him. She portrays Rekha who takes initiative in the reunion of the father-son duo.[23] The film won her the Bengal Film Journalists' Association - Best Actress Award in 1945.[citation needed] Meri Bahen (1944) achieved remarkable success upon release. It became the fourth highest-grossing film of the year.[24] She, then appeared in Soumyen Mukhopadhyay's Hindi film Vasiyatnama (1945) which was originally an adaptation of veteran Bengali author Bamkim Chandra Chattopadhyay's famous novel Krishnakanter Will.[25] In this film, she played the character of a beautiful widow who seduces the male protagonist, elopes with him and ultimately gets killed by him. She earned rave reviews for her enticing as well as doleful performance in the film.[11] Filmstaan wrote, "She had that melancholia which she manipulated together with her beauty to vitalize the character of Rohini."[25] Her next big turn was Satish Dasgupta and Digambar Chattopadhay's directorial venture Pather Dabi (1947) which was an adaptation of the renowned Bengali author Sarat Chandra Chattopadhyay's novel of the same name and also starred Debi Mukherjee in lead.[25] She played Bharati.[26] The film was a massive success at box office as its content dealt with the various aspects of contemporary Indian freedom movement.[25] She attained positive review from critics for her performance in the film.[27] She was again paired with Mukherjee in Sushil Majumdar's Abhijog (1947), which became another huge success at box office.[11] Her next turn was Hemchandra Chandra's bilingual venture Oonch Neech (1948) whose Bengali version was released under the title Pratibad. The film achieved an enormous commercial success on both the national and regional front.[25] She appeared in Niren Lahiri's bilingual film Vijay Yatra (1948) whose Bengali version was released under the title Joyjatra.[25] Her next big turn was Satish Dasgupta's Devi Chowdhurani (1949) which was an adaptation of the renowned Bengali author Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay's classic novel of the same name.[28] She delineated the character of a Prafulla who is abandoned by her clink, gets kidnapped by some ruffians but manages to escape and hides herself in a lone forest where she meets a person who trains her as the leading figure of his gang of robbers. Indian columnist Rinki Bhattacharya appreciated her performance.[29] The film was a major success at box office.

Sumitra Devi in Mamta (1952)

In 1950, she appeared in Nitin Bose's Hindi film Mashaal, which is based on Rajani, a famous Bengali novel by the veteran author Bankim Chandra Chottopadhyay. She played the character of Tarangini who is in love with the character of Samar, played by Ashok Kumar, but is compelled by her father to marry a wealthy landlord.[30] The film achieved critical as well as commercial success.[27] The year 1952 saw four of her Bollywood releases Deewana, Ghunghroo, Mamta, Raja Harischandra. Deewana and Ghunghroo received remarkable success at box office.[27] Her other releases were Mayurpankh (1954), Chor Bazaar (1954), Rajyogi Bharathi (1954), Jagte Raho (1956)[31] and Delhi Darbar (1956), to name a few.[32]

Sumitra Devi in Aandhare Alo (1957)

In 1955, she appeared in Ardhendu Mukhopadhyay's Bengali film Dasyu Mohan, which became a huge hit at the box office.[6] In 1956, she appeared in Pinaki Mukhopadhyay's Bengali film Asabarna (1956) and Kartik Chattopadhyay's blockbuster Saheb Bibi Golam (1956), which is an adaptation of Bimal Mitra's classic novel of the same name. She plays the character of a beautiful, alcoholic wife of an aristocrat, who forms a loving yet platonic relationship with the protagonist Bhootnath.[33] She has been most remembered for her role in this film. Director Kartik Chattopadhyay was keen to cast her in the role of the beautiful, eeyorish mistress of the junior landlord, but felt on edge at the same time as he thought that she might be repulsed by this role as it mirrored her conjugal life to some extent. He found his breath when Sumitra Devi gave her consent.

"Initially I was getting befogged whether she would love the script or reject it. I kept narrating on and she was there with those inert eyes, patiently sitting on her couch and listening to me. Once in a while she was enquiring into something but that was all. Overall she became reticent. As I went on, I saw her altering her posture with her elbow supported on the armrest of her couch and I envisioned the scenario at once, the scenario of Bhootnath sitting before a prepossessing Pateshwari boozing over her elbow rested on her lavish cushion."

— Kartik Chattopadhyay during on an interview session with Ekaal[9]

The film was released on 9 March 1956 and turned out as a massive hit at the box office.[citation needed] In 1957, she appeared in Kartik Chattopadhyay's another blockbuster Nilachaley Mahaprabhu. She was further adulated for her role as a nautch girl in Haridas Bhattacharya's National Award winning film Aandhare Alo (1957).[34]

"I was certain that, with those transfixing attributes, she would be the best choice for the role of Bijali. I didn’t have to direct her at all. She herself figured it out how to render Bijali, how to interpret her journey from an enticing, playful coquette to an ardent devotee of love."

- Haridas Bhattacharya during on an interview session with Ekaal[9]

Sumitra Devi in the boozing sequence from Saheb Bibi Golam (1956)
Sumitra Devi in Ekdin Ratre (1956)
Sumitra Devi in Andhare Alo (1957)

In 1958, she was paired with Uttam Kumar in Jiban Gangopadhgay's ambitious venture Joutuk. Sumitra Devi's reign began to slow down in the sixties. In 1964, she rendered the character of Draupadi in Chandrakant Gor's Hindi film Veer Bhimsen. In O. C. Gangopadhyay's Kinu Gowalar Gali (1964), she enacted the role of Shanti who is desperate to win back her husband's love for her.[35] Her performance in the film won critical favour.[11][12]

Personal life

Sumitra Devi married actor Debi Mukherjee on 21 October 1946.[1] On 1 December 1947, she gave birth to her son Bulbul and on 11 December 1947, Mukherjee passed away.[25][36]

Trivia

I think I would walk out of a lot of due compliments if I just use the term ‘beautiful’ to describe Sumitra Devi. She has the face that can arrest an unblinking gaze for long. She is marvellous. At the same time, I hold regards to the noble way she demonstrates herself. It is her etiquette and politeness that brighten up her beauty.

— Shammi Kapoor on Sumitra Devi[11]

Sumitra Devi was known for her exquisite beauty and subtle administration of seduction. It was said that she often cast her spell on the actors, directors, producers and journalists of her time.[27] Her Dasyu Mohan co-actor Pradeep Kumar, who described her as an "instance of the perfect harmonization of beauty and glory", used to come to the set of the film even when he had no schedule of shooting and spend his time sitting by and watching her raptly.[21] Uttam Kumar too, was spellbound before her on the set of Kartik Chattopadhyay's Saheb Bibi Golam.[27] Raj Kapoor said: "Sumitra Devi doesn't need any reference; she is beautiful than anything else." Shammi Kapoor said: "She has the face that can arrest an unblinking gaze for long."[9][37][38]

Filmography

Hindi Films

Year Titel Director Note Ref.
1944 Meri Bahen Hem Chunder [16][39]
1945 Vasiyatnama Soumyen Mukherji [40][41][42]
1947 Bhai Dooj Narottam Vyas [43]
1948 Oonch Neech Hemchandra Chunder [44]
Vijay Yatra Niren Lahiri [45]
1950 Mashaal Nitin Bose [46][47]
1952 Diwana Abdur Rashid Kardar [48][49]
Mamta Gunjal [50][51]
Raja Harischandra Raman B. Desai [52][53]
Ghungroo Hiren Bose [54][55]
1954 Mayurpankh Kishore Sahu [56][57]
Chor Bazaar P. N. Arora [58][59]
Raj Yogi Bharthari Raman B. Desai [60]
1955 Ganga Maiya Chandrakant Gaur [61]
Chirag-E-Chin Chimanlal Trivedi [62]
1956 Jagte Raho Amit Maitra [63]
Sati Ansuya Dhirubhai Desai [64]
Delhi Darbar Chandrakant Gor [65]
1958 Hum Bhi Kuchh Kam Nahin Raman B. Desai
1962 Kailashpati Dhirubhai Desai
1963 Mere Arman Mere Sapne Arabind Sen
Rustom-E-Baghdad B J Patel
1964 Veer Bhimsen Chandrakant Gor
1974 Har Har Mahadev Chandrakant Gor Cameo
1976 Bajrangbali Chandrakant Gor
1977 Bolo He Chakradhari Cameo

Bengali films

Year Titel Director Note Ref.
1944 Sandhi Apurba Mitra
1947 Pather Dabi Satish Dasgupta,
Digambar Chattopadhyay 		[66]
Abhijog Sushil Majumdar [67]
1948 Pratibad Hemchandra Chandra
Joyjatra Niren Lahiri [68]
1949 Devi Chowdhurani Satish Dasgupta [69]
Swami Pashupati Chattopadhyay [70]
1950 Samar Nitin Bose [71]
1951 Niyoti Naresh Mitra
1955 Dasyu Mohan Ardhendu Mukhopadhyay [72]
1956 Asabarna Pinaki Mukhopadhyay [73]
Saheb Bibi Golam Kartik Chattopadhyay [74]
Ekdin Ratre Sambhu Mitra,
Amit Maitra
1957 Aandhare Alo Haridas Bhattacharya [75]
Garer Math Aaj Productions Unit
Khela Bhangar Khela Ratan Chattopadhyay [76]
Nilachaley Mahaprabhu Kartik Chattopadhyay [77]
1958 Joutuk Jiban Gangopadhyay [78]
1959 Thakur Haridas Gobinda Ray
1964 Kinu Gowalar Gali O. C. Gangopadhyay [79][80]

References

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